AFR_2016_AFB36-R6_v01_M DDI_GHA_2012_AFB-R5_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-02-13 Metadata Editor Version 01 (February 2020) GHA_2012_AFB-R5_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2012 Round 5 AFB-R5 2012 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Round 4 surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in 20 countries, reflecting the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. The fifth Round of surveys were done between October 2011 and June 2013. In the Round 5 surveys, the project covered an additional 15 countries in different regions of the continent. Among the new R5 countries were: Mauritius and Swaziland in Southern Africa; Burundi and Ethiopia in East Africa; Cameroon, Niger, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Togo in West Africa. Afrobarometer also worked with the Arab Barometer and implemented R5 surveys in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco Sudan and Tunisia. Additional Round 5.5 surveys were also conducted in Mali and Zimbabwe. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. Round 3 (2005-2006) 18 countries, and Round 4 (2008) 20 countries. The survey covered 34 countries in Round 5 (2011-2013). Ghana National coverage The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Households The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Practical Sampling International (PSI-Nigeria/Ghana) Face-to-face [f2f] Note that for some surveys data is weighted to correct for either deliberate (e.g., to provide an adequate sample of specific sub-groups for analytical purposes) or inadvertent over- or under-sampling of particular sample strata. In these cases, a weighting variable is included as the last variable in the data set, with details described in the codebook. These weighting factors should be used when calculating all national-level statistics. Response rate of the survey was 72.9%. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. gha_r5_data.NSDstat 2400 354 Nesstar 200801 Afrobarometer round 5 survey data. Respondent number RESPNO : Respondent Number 2400 Household back-checked? 2400 1 2 1 Yes 1641 2 No 759 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit URBRUR: Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit 2400 1 2 1 Urban 1144 2 Rural 1256 Province or region Region/Province 2400 260 269 260 Western 232 261 Central 208 262 Greater Accra 376 263 Volta 232 264 Eastern 264 265 Ashanti 440 266 Brong Ahafo 224 267 Northern 248 268 Upper East 112 269 Upper West 64 District District 2400 EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 512 1 Yes 1888 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1152 1 Yes 1248 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1288 1 Yes 1112 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 192 1 Yes 2208 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1872 1 Yes 520 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 320 1 Yes 2072 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1736 1 Yes 664 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1248 1 Yes 1152 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1120 1 Yes 1280 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1880 1 Yes 520 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2296 1 Yes 104 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2248 1 Yes 152 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-D. Roadblocks by private security in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2392 1 Yes 8 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by local community in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2368 1 Yes 32 9 Don't know 0 EA-ROAD. Tarred/ paved road 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1232 1 Yes 1168 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 1 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 146 2 Person selected was never at home 33 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 127 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 8 6 Did not fit gender quota 167 7 No adults in household 54 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 1859 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 2 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 32 2 Person selected was never at home 22 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 73 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 3 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 68 7 No adults in household 26 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2175 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 3 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 15 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 22 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 2 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 27 7 No adults in household 15 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2316 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 4 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 8 2 Person selected was never at home 1 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 9 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 1 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 7 No adults in household 3 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2371 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 5 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 7 No adults in household 2 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2388 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 6 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 1 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2397 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - 7 It is your job to select a random (this means any) household. A household is a group of people who presently eat together from the same pot. 2400 997 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2400 Number of adults in household ADULT_CT. Total number of adult citizens in the household Please record the total number of adults (men and women) in the household who are citizens of [Country]. Enter a two-digit number. 2400 1 23 1 264 2 603 3 403 4 370 5 218 6 185 7 125 8 97 9 48 10 29 11 13 12 12 13 7 14 3 15 11 16 4 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 2 22 1 23 1 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2400 1 2 1 One 2272 2 Two 128 Previous interview, gender PREVINT. Previous interview was with a: 2400 0 2 0 First interview 50 1 Male 1170 2 Female 1180 This interview, gender THISINT. This interview must be with a: 2400 1 2 1 Male 1200 2 Female 1200 Date of Interview Date of interview [Interviewer: Enter day, month, and year] 2400 2012-05-08 152 2012-05-09 200 2012-05-10 196 2012-05-11 153 2012-05-12 161 2012-05-13 20 2012-05-14 187 2012-05-15 182 2012-05-16 200 2012-05-17 172 2012-05-18 144 2012-05-19 146 2012-05-20 24 2012-05-21 120 2012-05-22 147 2012-05-23 100 2012-05-24 68 2012-05-25 20 2012-05-27 8 Time interview started Time interview started Enter hour and minute, use 24 hr. clock 2400 Q1. Age 1. How old are you? 2400 18 999 -1 Missing 0 18 99 19 74 20 76 21 53 22 104 23 56 24 81 25 90 26 62 27 98 28 80 29 67 30 109 31 38 32 76 33 34 34 34 35 71 36 65 37 49 38 44 39 47 40 74 41 26 42 56 43 40 44 22 45 51 46 26 47 28 48 28 49 25 50 48 51 14 52 38 53 26 54 18 55 17 56 24 57 22 58 16 59 19 60 41 61 8 62 26 63 9 64 24 65 30 66 7 67 10 68 7 69 2 70 21 71 9 72 12 73 10 74 7 75 11 76 9 78 4 79 1 80 5 81 2 82 4 85 5 86 1 88 2 89 1 90 3 92 1 99 1 100 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 1 Q2. Language of respondent 2. Which Ghanaian language is your home language? [Interviewer: Prompt if necessary: That is, the language of your group of origin.] 2400 1 283 -1 Missing 0 1 English 16 260 Akan 1279 261 Ewe 320 262 Ga/Dangbe 171 263 Dagbani 151 264 Hausa 45 265 Dagaree 81 266 Waala 5 267 Moshie 9 268 Sissala 5 269 Kotonkoli 7 270 Talensi 11 271 Kasina 5 272 Frafra 27 273 Gruni 24 274 Bimoba 2 275 Bulsa 20 276 Nabdam 7 277 Kusasi 52 278 Mampruli 25 279 Konkomba 48 280 Guan 5 281 Gonja 13 282 Nzema 2 283 Other Northern Languages 70 9995 Other 0 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 0 Q2other. Language of respondent (verbatim) 2. Which Ghanaian language is your home language? [Interviewer: Prompt if necessary: That is, the language of your group of origin.] - Other [Specify] 2400 Q3a. Country's present economic condition 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 936 2 Fairly bad 574 3 Neither good nor bad 138 4 Fairly good 590 5 Very good 142 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q3b. Your present living conditions 2400 1 5 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 768 2 Fairly bad 618 3 Neither good nor bad 157 4 Fairly good 724 5 Very good 133 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q4. Your living conditions vs. others 4. In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Ghanaians? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 188 2 Worse 600 3 Same 668 4 Better 755 5 Much Better 84 9 Don't know 105 998 Refused 0 Q5a. Country's economic condition compared to 12 months ago 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 219 2 Worse 569 3 Same 584 4 Better 881 5 Much Better 126 9 Don't know 21 998 Refused 0 Q5b. Your living conditions compared to 12 months ago 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 149 2 Worse 491 3 Same 697 4 Better 917 5 Much Better 138 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q6a. Country's economic condition in 12 months time 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 59 2 Worse 168 3 Same 212 4 Better 1025 5 Much Better 732 9 Don't know 204 998 Refused 0 Q6b. Your living conditions in 12 months time 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 42 2 Worse 134 3 Same 192 4 Better 1005 5 Much Better 856 9 Don't know 171 998 Refused 0 Q7. Overall direction of the country 7. What about the overall direction of the country? Would you say that the country is going in the wrong direction or going in the right direction? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Going in the wrong direction 1365 2 Going in the right direction 883 9 Don't know 152 998 Refused 0 Q8a. How often gone without food 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1733 1 Just once or twice 283 2 Several times 222 3 Many times 134 4 Always 25 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q8b. How often gone without water 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1670 1 Just once or twice 278 2 Several times 240 3 Many times 119 4 Always 89 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q8c. How often gone without medical care 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1703 1 Just once or twice 333 2 Several times 206 3 Many times 114 4 Always 37 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1895 1 Just once or twice 250 2 Several times 162 3 Many times 77 4 Always 11 9 Don't Know 5 998 Refused 0 Q8e. How often gone without cash income 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1138 1 Just once or twice 379 2 Several times 395 3 Many times 280 4 Always 201 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q9a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1947 1 Just once or twice 188 2 Several times 157 3 Many times 65 4 Always 38 9 Don't Know 5 998 Refused 0 Q9b. How often feared crime in home 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2018 1 Just once or twice 159 2 Several times 141 3 Many times 48 4 Always 30 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q10a. Had something stolen from house If the respondent answers yes, follow by asking: Did this happen once, twice, or three or more times? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1808 1 Yes, once 241 2 Yes, twice 155 3 Yes, three or more times 194 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q10b. Have been physically attacked If the respondent answers yes, follow by asking: Did this happen once, twice, or three or more times? 2400 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2273 1 Yes, once 80 2 Yes, twice 32 3 Yes, three or more times 15 9 Don't Know 0 998 Refused 0 Q10c. Reported the incident to the police If respondent answered "Yes" to either question Q10A or Q10B, ask 10C. Was this incident reported to the police? 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 No 469 1 Yes 140 7 Not applicable 1777 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q11. Main reason for not reporting crimes to the police 11. Some people say that many crimes are never reported to the police. Based on your experience, what do you think is the main reason that many people do not report crimes like thefts or attacks to the police when they occur? 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 Most people do report crimes to the police 287 1 People don't have enough time to report crimes 249 2 No police or police station in the area/too far 197 3 Police don't listen or care 309 4 Police would have demanded money or a bribe to help 626 5 Police wouldn't have been able to do anything 134 6 Police may be involved in the robbery or assault 11 7 Victim feared reprisal from attacker 77 8 Victim too ashamed or embarrased 57 9 Crime was reported to other authority 112 10 Lack of evidence or witnesses 4 11 Criminal unknown / lack of suspect 16 12 People fear police / dont trust police 16 13 Crime was minor 5 14 Criminals were relatives or friends 26 15 Dont know how to report / ignorance 10 16 People forgive the criminals 25 260 The matters are solved at home 11 261 They will curse the criminal 6 9995 Other 20 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 202 Q11other. Reason for not reporting crimes to the police (verbatim) 11. Some people say that many crimes are never reported to the police. Based on your experience, what do you think is the main reason that many people do not report crimes like thefts or attacks to the police when they occur? Other [specify] 2400 Q12. If a victim of crime, whom to go to first for assistance 12. If you were a victim of crime in this country, who, if anyone, would you go to first for assistance? 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 None of these/no effective assistance available 19 1 The police 1413 2 A security service or security company that you pay for 37 3 A traditional leader or traditional court 354 4 A street committee or local security organization 49 5 A powerful local person or local gang 21 6 You would personally take revenge 12 7 You would join with others to take revenge 23 8 Your own family or friends 349 9 The family of the perpetrator 40 10 Local government official 56 11 Neighbor 3 12 Employer or landlord 5 13 God 4 260 Radio Stations 0 9995 Other 2 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 13 Q12other. If a victim of crime, whom to go to first for assistance (verbatim) 12. If you were a victim of crime in this country, who, if anyone, would you go to first for assistance? Other [specify] 2400 2311 A LOCAL COMMITTEE 1 ASSEMBLY MAN 48 ASSEMBLY MAN/WOMAN 1 ASSEMBLY MEMBER 1 ASSEMBLY WOMAN 3 CALL RADIO STATION 1 CHAIRMAN 2 CHIEF AT THE VILLAGE 1 CHIEF OF THE COMMUNITY 1 COMMITTEE OFFICERS 1 CONSULT A SPIRITUALIST 1 DIRECTED IT TO GOD 1 FRIEND 1 GIVE IT TO GOD 1 GOVERNMENT 1 I WILL PRAY TO GOD 1 I WILL REPORT TO FM STATION 1 LAWYER 1 MY CHURCH ELDER 1 MY FAMILY HEAD (ABUSUAPANIN) 1 MY LANDLORD 4 MY LAWYER 2 NEIGHBOURS 3 ONLY GOD 1 PASTOR 1 THE ARMY 2 THE ASSEMBLY MAN 1 THE CHIEF 1 THE LANDLORD 1 UNITY COMMITEE 1 WOULD NEVER BE A CRIME VICTIM 1 WOULD NOT REPORT 1 Q13a. Radio news 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 206 1 Less than once a month 94 2 A few times a month 142 3 A few times a week 593 4 Every day 1364 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q13b. Television news 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 634 1 Less than once a month 192 2 A few times a month 179 3 A few times a week 482 4 Every day 912 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q13c. Newspaper news 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1761 1 Less than once a month 170 2 A few times a month 170 3 A few times a week 168 4 Every day 115 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q13d. Internet 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2007 1 Less than once a month 58 2 A few times a month 63 3 A few times a week 111 4 Every day 130 9 Don't know 31 998 Refused 0 Q14. Interest in public affairs 14. How interested would you say you are in public affairs? Prompt if necessary: You know, in politics and government? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all interested 495 1 Not very interested 534 2 Somewhat interested 687 3 Very interested 676 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q15. Discuss politics 15. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 940 1 Occasionally 998 2 Frequently 454 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q16. Politics and government too complicated 16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me cannot really understand what is going on. Probe for strength of opinion: Doyou agree or agree very strongly? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly agree 790 2 Agree 842 3 Neither agree nor disagree 165 4 Disagree 364 5 Strongly disagree 172 9 Don't know/Don't understand 67 998 Refused 0 Q17a. Freedom to say what you think 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 45 2 Not very free 123 3 Somewhat free 469 4 Completely free 1744 9 Don't know 19 998 Refused 0 Q17b. Freedom to join any political organizations 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 13 2 Not very free 43 3 Somewhat free 242 4 Completely free 2084 9 Don't know 18 998 Refused 0 Q17c. Freedom to choose who to vote for 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 3 2 Not very free 27 3 Somewhat free 173 4 Completely free 2185 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q18. Leaders help own community vs. treat all equally 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 336 2 Agree with 1 275 3 Agree with 2 530 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1223 5 Agree with neither 27 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q19. Government bans organizations vs. join any 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 319 2 Agree with 1 347 3 Agree with 2 736 4 Agree very strongly with 2 907 5 Agree with neither 57 9 Don't know 34 998 Refused 0 Q20. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 688 2 Agree with 1 632 3 Agree with 2 466 4 Agree very strongly with 2 567 5 Agree with neither 32 9 Don't know 15 998 Refused 0 Q21. Government like a parent vs. an employee 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 564 2 Agree with 1 389 3 Agree with 2 477 4 Agree very strongly with 2 909 5 Agree with neither 50 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q22. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders OK 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 436 2 Agree with 1 221 3 Agree with 2 572 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1148 5 Agree with neither 18 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q23. Women have equal rights vs. subject to traditional laws 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1355 2 Agree with 1 671 3 Agree with 2 167 4 Agree very strongly with 2 191 5 Agree with neither 15 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q24. Education recipient priority: boy vs ability 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 166 2 Agree with 1 112 3 Agree with 2 518 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1505 5 Agree with neither 96 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q25a. Member of religious group If respondent answered 0=Never for ALL PARTS of Q24, i.e. they NEVER contacted any of these leaders, circle code 7=Not applicable in both parts of Q25 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1124 1 Inactive Member 296 2 Active Member 860 3 Official Leader 116 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q25b. Member of voluntary association or community group If respondent answered 0=Never for ALL PARTS of Q24, i.e. they NEVER contacted any of these leaders, circle code 7=Not applicable in both parts of Q25 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1720 1 Inactive Member 201 2 Active Member 403 3 Official Leader 53 9 Don't Know 23 998 Refused 0 Q26a. Attend a community meeting 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 362 1 No, but would do if had the chance 984 2 Yes, once or twice 336 3 Yes, several times 470 4 Yes, often 242 9 Don't know 6 998 Refused 0 Q26b. Join others to raise an issue 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 615 1 No, but would do if had the chance 879 2 Yes, once or twice 386 3 Yes, several times 379 4 Yes, often 137 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q26c. Refused to pay tax or fee to government 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 1802 1 No, but would do if had the chance 366 2 Yes, once or twice 91 3 Yes, several times 66 4 Yes, often 41 9 Don't know 34 998 Refused 0 Q26d. Attend a demonstration or protest march 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 2008 1 No, but would do if had the chance 275 2 Yes, once or twice 80 3 Yes, several times 21 4 Yes, often 7 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q26e. Used force or violence for a political cause 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 2230 1 No, but would do if had the chance 110 2 Yes, once or twice 28 3 Yes, several times 11 4 Yes, often 1 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q27. Voting in the most recent national election 27. With regard to the most recent national election in 2009, which statement is true for you? 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 You were not registered to vote 78 1 You voted in the elections 1814 2 You decided not to vote 73 3 You could not find the polling station 7 4 You were prevented from voting 10 5 You did not have time to vote 21 6 You did not vote because your name not in the register 3 7 Did not vote for some other reason 90 8 You were too young to vote 300 9 Don't know / Can't remember 4 998 Refused 0 Q28. Freeness and fairness of the last national election 28. On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national election, held in 2008. Was it: 2400 1 9 -1 MIssing 0 1 Not free and fair 107 2 Free and fair, with major problems 225 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 963 4 Completely free and fair 958 8 Do not understand the question 3 9 Don't know 144 998 Refused 0 Q29a. Last national election: attend a campaign meeting or rally Read the question in the language of the interview, but always state the word “democracy” in Arabic. Only translate ‘democracy’ into local language if respondent does not understand the term in the official national language. Record whether respondent understood word in Arabic or required a local language translation. Be sure to ask ALL questions of ALL respondents, even if they have difficulty understanding the term “democracy”. 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1732 1 Yes 668 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q29b. Last national election, persuade others to vote for a certain candidate or party 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1887 1 Yes 513 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q29c. Last national election, work for a candidate or party 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2146 1 Yes 254 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q30a. Contact local government councillor 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1633 1 Only once 241 2 A few times 330 3 Often 186 9 Don't know 10 998 Refused 0 Q30b. Contact MP 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2069 1 Only once 121 2 A few times 135 3 Often 52 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q30c. Contact official of a government agency 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2140 1 Only once 102 2 A few times 102 3 Often 24 9 Don't know 32 998 Refused 0 Q30d. Contact political party official 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2044 1 Only once 113 2 A few times 154 3 Often 66 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q31a. Reject one-party rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 1540 2 Disapprove 613 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 26 4 Approve 121 5 Strongly Approve 93 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q31b. Reject military rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 1469 2 Disapprove 599 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 65 4 Approve 140 5 Strongly Approve 114 9 Don't Know 13 998 Refused 0 Q31c. Reject one-man rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 1490 2 Disapprove 696 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 61 4 Approve 88 5 Strongly Approve 57 9 Don't Know 8 998 Refused 0 Q32. Support for democracy 32. Which of these three statements is closest to your own opinion? Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter. 221 2 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 185 3 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable. 1954 9 Don't know 40 998 Refused 0 Q33. Government gets things done but no citizen influence vs Gvt. accountable to citizens Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 499 2 Agree with 1 457 3 Agree with 2 618 4 Agree very strongly with 2 750 5 Agree with neither 54 9 Don't know 22 998 Refused 0 Q34. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1739 2 Agree with 1 487 3 Agree with 2 77 4 Agree very strongly with 2 86 5 Agree with neither 7 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q35. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 214 2 Agree with 1 203 3 Agree with 2 681 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1265 5 Agree with neither 29 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q36. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1074 2 Agree with 1 593 3 Agree with 2 352 4 Agree very strongly with 2 351 5 Agree with neither 16 9 Don't know 14 998 Refused 0 Q37. Opposition parties examine government vs. cooperate 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 488 2 Agree with 1 456 3 Agree with 2 499 4 Agree very strongly with 2 932 5 Agree with neither 21 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q38. Media checks government vs. avoid negative reporting 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 964 2 Agree with 1 683 3 Agree with 2 343 4 Agree very strongly with 2 371 5 Agree with neither 23 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q39. Parliament makes laws vs. president does 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 985 2 Agree with 1 686 3 Agree with 2 342 4 Agree very strongly with 2 211 5 Agree with neither 143 9 Don't know 33 998 Refused 0 Q40. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Accept only one option. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in Arabic. Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand term in official language. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 263 2 Agree with 1 298 3 Agree with 2 659 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1084 5 Agree with neither 68 9 Don't know 28 998 Refused 0 Q41. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Only one option to be chosen. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in Arabic. Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand Arabic term. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1394 2 Agree with 1 518 3 Agree with 2 225 4 Agree very strongly with 2 199 5 Agree with neither 54 9 Don't know 10 998 Refused 0 Q42. Extent of democracy 42. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Ghana today? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not a democracy 35 2 A democracy, with major problems 435 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 1231 4 A full democracy 653 8 Do not understand question/democracy 8 9 Don't know 38 998 Refused 0 Q43. Satisfaction with democracy 43. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Ghana? Are you: 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Ghana is not a democracy 2 1 Not at all satisfied 130 2 Not very satisfied 451 3 Fairly satisfied 1176 4 Very satisfied 611 9 Don't Know 30 998 Refused 0 Q44. Essential characteristics of democracy: equality, fair election, etc 44. Many things may be desirable, but not all of them are essential characteristics of democracy. If you have to choose only one of the things that I am going to read, which one would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Government narrows the gap between the rich and the poor 470 2 People choose government leaders in free and fair elections 977 3 Government does not waste any public money 221 4 People are free to express their political views openly 628 8 None of these 29 9 Don't know 75 998 Refused 0 Q45. Essential characteristics of democracy: law and order, job, etc 45. And here is another list. Which one of these things would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Government ensures law and order 631 2 Media is free to criticize the things government does 477 3 Government ensures job opportunities for all 694 4 Multiple parties compete fairly in elections 524 8 None of these 18 9 Don't know 56 998 Refused 0 Q46a. Level of democracy: today 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 48 1 29 2 66 3 81 4 128 5 406 6 394 7 390 8 367 9 188 10 214 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 89 998 Refused 0 Q46b. Level of democracy: ten years ago 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 34 1 19 2 49 3 134 4 223 5 412 6 315 7 257 8 320 9 184 10 259 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 194 998 Refused 0 Q46c. Level of democracy: under previous non-democratic regime 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 769 1 192 2 236 3 178 4 131 5 164 6 66 7 64 8 53 9 36 10 73 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 438 998 Refused 0 Q46d. Level of democracy: in the future 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 25 1 9 2 17 3 13 4 7 5 39 6 43 7 84 8 284 9 444 10 1263 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 172 998 Refused 0 Q47a. Level of democracy: China For each part, enter a two- digit number between 00 and 10. For “Don't know / haven't heard enough” enter 99. 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 92 1 17 2 34 3 37 4 57 5 116 6 102 7 128 8 165 9 135 10 113 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 1404 998 Refused 0 Q47b. Level of democracy: USA For each part, enter a two- digit number between 00 and 10. For “Don't know / haven't heard enough” enter 99. 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 41 1 8 2 16 3 20 4 21 5 94 6 80 7 141 8 286 9 291 10 298 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 1104 998 Refused 0 Q47c. Level of democracy: South Africa For each part, enter a two- digit number between 00 and 10. For “Don't know / haven't heard enough” enter 99. 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 43 1 12 2 28 3 56 4 79 5 192 6 205 7 179 8 177 9 93 10 77 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 1259 998 Refused 0 Q47d. Level of democracy: Zimbabwe 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 165 1 75 2 129 3 123 4 178 5 172 6 85 7 63 8 35 9 28 10 26 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 1321 998 Refused 0 Q47e. Level of democracy: Britain For each part, enter a two- digit number between 00 and 10. For “Don't know / haven't heard enough” enter 99. 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 41 1 12 2 24 3 8 4 38 5 75 6 91 7 127 8 266 9 302 10 225 99 Dont know / havent heard enough to say 1191 998 Refused 0 Q48a. Courts make binding decisions 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 151 2 Disagree 256 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 45 4 Agree 984 5 Strongly Agree 940 9 Don't know 24 998 Refused 0 Q48b. People must obey the law 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 70 2 Disagree 106 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 35 4 Agree 1001 5 Strongly Agree 1175 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q48c. People must pay taxes 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 60 2 Disagree 71 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 83 4 Agree 1087 5 Strongly Agree 1064 9 Don't know 35 998 Refused 0 Q49. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1736 2 Agree with 1 503 3 Agree with 2 68 4 Agree very strongly with 2 72 5 Agree with neither 18 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q50. Citizens must pay taxes vs. no need to tax the people 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1336 2 Agree with 1 684 3 Agree with 2 181 4 Agree very strongly with 2 164 5 Agree with neither 24 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q51. Higher taxes with more govt services vs. lower taxes with fewer govt services 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 754 2 Agree with 1 636 3 Agree with 2 436 4 Agree very strongly with 2 402 5 Agree with neither 143 9 Don't know 29 998 Refused 0 Q52a. How often news media abuse its freedom 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 349 1 Rarely 691 2 Often 835 3 Always 379 9 Don't know 146 998 Refused 0 Q52b. How often party competition leads to conflict 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 440 1 Rarely 685 2 Often 840 3 Always 365 9 Don't know 70 998 Refused 0 Q52c. How often president ignores laws 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1456 1 Rarely 508 2 Often 191 3 Always 45 9 Don't know 200 998 Refused 0 Q52d. How often opposition parties silenced by government 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1358 1 Rarely 589 2 Often 232 3 Always 49 9 Don't know 172 998 Refused 0 Q52e. How often president ignore parliament 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1556 1 Rarely 471 2 Often 133 3 Always 49 9 Don't know 191 998 Refused 0 Q53. How effective the news media reveals government mistakes and corruption 53. In this country, how effective is the news media in revealing government mistakes and corruption? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all effective 63 1 Not very effective 246 2 Somewhat effective 957 3 Very effective 1007 9 Don't know 127 998 Refused 0 Q54. How much fear political intimidation or violence 54. During election campaigns in this country, how much do you personally fear becoming a victim of political intimidation or violence? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 A lot 218 1 Somewhat 246 2 A little bit 577 3 Not at all 1331 9 Don't know 28 998 Refused 0 Q55. How likely powerful find out your vote 55. How likely do you think it is that powerful people can find out how you voted, even though there is supposed to be a secret ballot in this country? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 1691 1 Not very likely 326 2 Somewhat likely 202 3 Very likely 108 9 Don't know 73 998 Refused 0 Q56a. How often careful what you say 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 292 1 Rarely 588 2 Often 511 3 Always 976 9 Don't know 33 998 Refused 0 Q56b. How often people treated unequally 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 663 1 Rarely 650 2 Often 739 3 Always 279 9 Don't know 69 998 Refused 0 Q56c. How often women treated unequally by traditional leaders 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 792 1 Rarely 682 2 Often 668 3 Always 180 9 Don't know 78 998 Refused 0 Q56d. How often women treated unequally by police and courts 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 814 1 Rarely 775 2 Often 556 3 Always 143 9 Don't know 112 998 Refused 0 Q56e. How often women treated unequally by employers 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 691 1 Rarely 689 2 Often 690 3 Always 228 9 Don't know 102 998 Refused 0 Q56f. How often officials unpunished 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 697 1 Rarely 572 2 Often 748 3 Always 290 9 Don't know 93 998 Refused 0 Q56g. How often ordinary people unpunished 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1182 1 Rarely 576 2 Often 394 3 Always 180 9 Don't know 68 998 Refused 0 Q56h. How often obtain household services without paying 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1130 1 Rarely 607 2 Often 437 3 Always 90 9 Don't know 136 998 Refused 0 Q56i. How often avoid paying taxes 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 935 1 Rarely 610 2 Often 566 3 Always 138 9 Don't know 151 998 Refused 0 Q57. Essential characteristics of democracy: legislature, government, people etc 57. Let me ask you again about the most essential characteristics of democracy. If you have to choose only one of the things that I am going to read, which one would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 The Paliament closely monitors the actions of the President 668 2 Government provides basic necessities for everyone 556 3 People are free to form organisations to influence gvt. 693 4 Public services work well and do not break down 361 8 None of these 33 9 Don't know 89 998 Refused 0 Q58. Essential characteristics of democracy: participation, no corruption, courts etc. 58. And here is another list. Which one of these things would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 People are free to take part in demonstrations and protests 594 2 Politics is clean and free from corruption 928 3 The court protects ordinary people if gvt. mistreats them 469 4 People receive aid from gvt. when they are in need 230 8 None of these 87 9 Don't know 92 998 Refused 0 Q59a. Trust President 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 495 1 Just a little 533 2 Somewhat 560 3 A lot 789 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 23 998 Refused 0 Q59b. Trust Parliament 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 447 1 Just a little 749 2 Somewhat 745 3 A lot 430 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 29 998 Refused 0 Q59c. Trust national electoral commission 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 335 1 Just a little 618 2 Somewhat 760 3 A lot 659 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 28 998 Refused 0 Q59d. Trust tax department 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 579 1 Just a little 780 2 Somewhat 635 3 A lot 338 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 68 998 Refused 0 Q59e. Trust your elected local government council 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 536 1 Just a little 773 2 Somewhat 666 3 A lot 367 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 58 998 Refused 0 Q59f. Trust the ruling party 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 610 1 Just a little 620 2 Somewhat 601 3 A lot 535 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 34 998 Refused 0 Q59g. Trust opposition political parties 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 411 1 Just a little 613 2 Somewhat 771 3 A lot 545 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 60 998 Refused 0 Q59h. Trust police 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 664 1 Just a little 699 2 Somewhat 568 3 A lot 455 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 14 998 Refused 0 Q59i. Trust army 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 251 1 Just a little 392 2 Somewhat 642 3 A lot 1088 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 27 998 Refused 0 Q59j. Trust courts of law 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 356 1 Just a little 631 2 Somewhat 768 3 A lot 587 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 58 998 Refused 0 Q60a. Corruption: office of the Presidency 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 195 1 Some of them 1397 2 Most of them 489 3 All of them 226 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 93 998 Refused 0 Q60b. Corruption: Members of Parliament 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 152 1 Some of them 1397 2 Most of them 575 3 All of them 192 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 84 998 Refused 0 Q60c. Corruption: government officials 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 137 1 Some of them 1350 2 Most of them 615 3 All of them 220 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 78 998 Refused 0 Q60d. Corruption: local government councillors 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 274 1 Some of them 1452 2 Most of them 426 3 All of them 156 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 92 998 Refused 0 Q60d1-gha. Corruption: district chief executives 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 146 1 Some of them 1349 2 Most of them 540 3 All of them 241 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 124 998 Refused 0 Q60e. Corruption: police 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 88 1 Some of them 923 2 Most of them 738 3 All of them 597 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 54 998 Refused 0 Q60f. Corruption: tax officials 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 125 1 Some of them 1198 2 Most of them 673 3 All of them 295 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 109 998 Refused 0 Q60g. Corruption: judges and magistrates 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 139 1 Some of them 1334 2 Most of them 547 3 All of them 254 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 126 998 Refused 0 Q61a. Pay bribe for: document or permit 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 950 1 Once or Twice 162 2 A Few Times 60 3 Often 37 7 No experience with this in past year 1184 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q61b. Pay bribe for: water or sanitation services 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1102 1 Once or Twice 127 2 A Few Times 37 3 Often 18 7 No experience with this in past year 1113 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q61c. Pay bribe for: treatment at local health clinic or hospital 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1288 1 Once or Twice 97 2 A Few Times 57 3 Often 41 7 No experience with this in past year 915 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q61d. Pay bribe for: avoid problem with police 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1049 1 Once or Twice 128 2 A Few Times 62 3 Often 82 7 No experience with this in past year 1076 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q61e. Pay bribe for: school placement 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1252 1 Once or Twice 87 2 A Few Times 45 3 Often 13 7 No experience with this in past year 1001 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q61f. Election incentives offered 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2220 1 Once or Twice 115 2 A Few Times 27 3 Often 26 9 Don't Know 12 998 Refused 0 Q62a. MPs listen 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1508 1 Only sometimes 538 2 Often 192 3 Always 58 9 Don't know 104 998 Refused 0 Q62b. Local government councillors listen 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1255 1 Only sometimes 594 2 Often 311 3 Always 172 9 Don't know 68 998 Refused 0 Q63pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 Nothing/No problems 1 1 Management of economy 184 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 106 3 Unemployment 556 4 Poverty/ destitution 139 5 Rates and taxes 21 6 Loans/ credit 38 7 Farming/ agriculture 87 8 Food shortage/ famine 21 9 Drought 6 10 Land 3 11 Transportation 47 12 Communications 14 13 Infrastructure/ roads 274 14 Education 322 15 Housing 20 16 Electricity 121 17 Water supply 164 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 4 19 Services (other) 2 20 Health 97 21 AIDS 6 22 Sickness/ disease 4 23 Crime and security 26 24 Corruption 51 25 Political violence 6 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 8 27 Discrimination/ inequality 3 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 4 29 Democracy/ political rights 2 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 3 32 Agricultural marketing 28 260 Toilet Facilities 15 9995 Other 8 9996 No further answer 0 9998 Refused to answer 0 9999 Don't know 9 Q63pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response (Other specify) 2400 2347 ACCOUTABILITY AND CORRUPTION 1 CREATING JOBS 1 EMPOWER WOMEN 1 ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION 1 EVERYBODY SHOULD OBEY THE RULE OF GHANA 1 FISHING WITH LIGHT SHOULD BE STOPPED 1 FULANI HERDSMEN ATTACK 2 HELP DISABLED 1 HIGH COST OF PETROLEUM 1 HIGH PRICES AND TRANSPORT FARES 1 HOSPITAL 1 HOUSE RENT AND ACCOMMODATION 1 INFLATION 3 LATRINES 1 LIVING CONDITION OF THE AGED 1 NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE IS NOT WORKING WELL 1 POLITICAL INSULTS 1 POLITICAL RIGHTS 1 PRICES ARE TOO HIGH 1 PRICES OF GOODS MUST BE LOWERED 1 PUBLIC TOILET 5 REDUCE PETROL PRICE 1 REDUCE PRICES OF GOODS 1 REDUCE SCHOOL FEES 1 RESPECT BETWEEN POLITICAL PARTIES 1 RESPECT EACH OTHER 1 ROAD CONSTRUCTION 1 SANITATION 2 SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAM 1 SCHOOLS 1 SEWAGE AND DRAINS 1 SOCIAL AMENITIES 1 SOME OF US DON'T HAVE A PLACE TO SLEEP 1 STABILIZE THE FOREIGN CURRENCY 1 TAKING CARE OF THE YOUTH 1 TEACHERS WALFARE 1 THEY HAVE PROMISE US ROADS 1 TOILET 1 TOILET FACILITIES 4 TOILET FACILITY 1 UNITY AND PEACE 1 WE SHOULD HAVE A FREE PORT 1 Q63pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response 2400 1 9996 -1 Missing 0 0 Nothing/No problems 0 1 Management of economy 118 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 71 3 Unemployment 307 4 Poverty/ destitution 101 5 Rates and taxes 20 6 Loans/ credit 47 7 Farming/ agriculture 92 8 Food shortage/ famine 35 9 Drought 5 10 Land 8 11 Transportation 56 12 Communications 12 13 Infrastructure/ roads 302 14 Education 338 15 Housing 42 16 Electricity 193 17 Water supply 199 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 7 19 Services (other) 7 20 Health 210 21 AIDS 3 22 Sickness/ disease 6 23 Crime and security 44 24 Corruption 50 25 Political violence 7 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 11 27 Discrimination/ inequality 6 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 5 29 Democracy/ political rights 15 30 War (international) 2 31 Civil war 1 32 Agricultural marketing 32 260 Toilet Facilities 23 9995 Other 8 9996 No further answer 17 9998 Refused to answer 0 9999 Don't know 0 Q63pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response (other specify) 2400 Q63pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response 2400 -1 9996 -1 Missing 3 0 Nothing/No problems 0 1 Management of economy 102 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 45 3 Unemployment 239 4 Poverty/ destitution 93 5 Rates and taxes 28 6 Loans/ credit 47 7 Farming/ agriculture 88 8 Food shortage/ famine 46 9 Drought 9 10 Land 3 11 Transportation 57 12 Communications 5 13 Infrastructure/ roads 223 14 Education 272 15 Housing 58 16 Electricity 167 17 Water supply 186 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 7 19 Services (other) 7 20 Health 293 21 AIDS 3 22 Sickness/ disease 18 23 Crime and security 56 24 Corruption 84 25 Political violence 9 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 20 27 Discrimination/ inequality 17 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 4 29 Democracy/ political rights 9 30 War (international) 1 31 Civil war 2 32 Agricultural marketing 46 260 Toilet Facilities 28 261 Lack of markets 7 9995 Other 6 9996 No further answer 112 9998 Refused to answer 0 9999 Don't know 0 Q63pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) 63. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response (other specify) 2400 Q64. How likely government will solve this problem within the next five years 64. Taking the problem that you mentioned first [Interviewer: remind respondent of first problem identified], how likely do you think it is that government will solve this problem within the next five years? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 109 1 Not very likely 310 2 Somewhat likely 973 3 Very likely 869 7 Not applicable 10 9 Don't know 129 998 Refused 0 Q65a. Handling managing the economy 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 696 2 Fairly Badly 561 3 Fairly Well 833 4 Very Well 273 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 37 998 Refused 0 Q65b. Handling improving living standards of the poor 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 797 2 Fairly Badly 770 3 Fairly Well 636 4 Very Well 166 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 31 998 Refused 0 Q65c. Handling creating jobs 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 884 2 Fairly Badly 714 3 Fairly Well 604 4 Very Well 168 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 30 998 Refused 0 Q65d. Handling keeping prices down 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 1137 2 Fairly Badly 696 3 Fairly Well 409 4 Very Well 136 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 22 998 Refused 0 Q65e. Handling narrowing income gaps 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 867 2 Fairly Badly 815 3 Fairly Well 491 4 Very Well 151 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 76 998 Refused 0 Q65f. Handling reducing crime 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 436 2 Fairly Badly 486 3 Fairly Well 978 4 Very Well 470 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 30 998 Refused 0 Q65g. Handling improving basic health services 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 387 2 Fairly Badly 484 3 Fairly Well 1095 4 Very Well 413 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 21 998 Refused 0 Q65h. Handling addressing educational needs 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 409 2 Fairly Badly 543 3 Fairly Well 1011 4 Very Well 419 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 18 998 Refused 0 Q65i. Handling providing water and sanitation services 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 552 2 Fairly Badly 677 3 Fairly Well 877 4 Very Well 277 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 17 998 Refused 0 Q65j. Handling ensuring enough to eat 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 649 2 Fairly Badly 770 3 Fairly Well 735 4 Very Well 206 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 40 998 Refused 0 Q65k. Handling fighting corruption 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 702 2 Fairly Badly 602 3 Fairly Well 781 4 Very Well 241 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 74 998 Refused 0 Q65l. Handling resolving violent conflict between communities 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 357 2 Fairly Badly 454 3 Fairly Well 1033 4 Very Well 473 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 83 998 Refused 0 Q65m. Handling combatting HIV/AIDS 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 265 2 Fairly Badly 333 3 Fairly Well 928 4 Very Well 696 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 178 998 Refused 0 Q65n. Handling maintaining roads and bridges 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 593 2 Fairly Badly 587 3 Fairly Well 803 4 Very Well 384 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 33 998 Refused 0 Q65o. Handling providing reliable electric supply 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 590 2 Fairly Badly 631 3 Fairly Well 812 4 Very Well 342 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 25 998 Refused 0 Q65p. Handling empowering women 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 332 2 Fairly Badly 462 3 Fairly Well 1040 4 Very Well 422 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 144 998 Refused 0 Q66a. Local govt. handling maintaining roads 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 751 2 Fairly Badly 726 3 Fairly Well 708 4 Very Well 171 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 44 998 Refused 0 Q66b. Local govt. handling maintaining local markets 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 678 2 Fairly Badly 735 3 Fairly Well 755 4 Very Well 165 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 67 998 Refused 0 Q66c. Local govt. handling health standards in restaurants 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 500 2 Fairly Badly 714 3 Fairly Well 849 4 Very Well 217 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 120 998 Refused 0 Q66d. Local govt. handling keeping community clean 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 457 2 Fairly Badly 679 3 Fairly Well 887 4 Very Well 324 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 53 998 Refused 0 Q66e. Local govt. handling the use of land 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 447 2 Fairly Badly 668 3 Fairly Well 834 4 Very Well 208 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 243 998 Refused 0 Q66e1-gha. Local govt. handling Assembly's program of work known to ordinary people 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 751 2 Fairly Badly 787 3 Fairly Well 483 4 Very Well 169 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 210 998 Refused 0 Q66e2-gha. Local govt. handling the Assembly's budget 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 872 2 Fairly Badly 735 3 Fairly Well 434 4 Very Well 152 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 207 998 Refused 0 Q67a. Difficulty to obtain identity document 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 459 2 Difficult 713 3 Easy 600 4 Very easy 315 5 Never try 262 9 Don't know 51 998 Refused 0 Q67b. Difficulty to obtain household services 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 573 2 Difficult 812 3 Easy 386 4 Very easy 131 5 Never try 451 9 Don't know 47 998 Refused 0 Q67c. Difficulty to obtain help from the police 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 393 2 Difficult 717 3 Easy 524 4 Very easy 221 5 Never try 507 9 Don't know 38 998 Refused 0 Q67d. Difficulty to obtain primary school placement 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 130 2 Difficult 340 3 Easy 850 4 Very easy 593 5 Never try 437 9 Don't know 50 998 Refused 0 Q67e. Difficulty to obtain medical treatment 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 190 2 Difficult 563 3 Easy 980 4 Very easy 479 5 Never try 167 9 Don't know 21 998 Refused 0 Q68a. Problems with schools: too expensive 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 32 0 Never 934 1 Once or Twice 228 2 A Few Times 117 3 Often 104 7 No experience with public schools in past year 960 9 Don't Know 25 998 Refused 0 Q68b. Problems with schools: textbooks and supplies 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 Never 838 1 Once or Twice 248 2 A Few Times 146 3 Often 96 7 No experience with public schools in past year 1043 9 Don't Know 24 998 Refused 0 Q68c. Problems with schools: poor teaching 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 911 1 Once or Twice 153 2 A Few Times 142 3 Often 118 7 No experience with public schools in past year 1043 9 Don't Know 32 998 Refused 0 Q68d. Problems with schools: absent teachers 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 838 1 Once or Twice 210 2 A Few Times 167 3 Often 108 7 No experience with public schools in past year 1043 9 Don't Know 33 998 Refused 0 Q68e. Problems with schools: overcrowded classrooms 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 850 1 Once or Twice 151 2 A Few Times 130 3 Often 194 7 No experience with public schools in past year 1043 9 Don't Know 32 998 Refused 0 Q68f. Problems with schools: poor facilities 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 821 1 Once or Twice 141 2 A Few Times 159 3 Often 204 7 No experience with public schools in past year 1043 9 Don't Know 31 998 Refused 0 Q69a. Problems with public clinic: too expensive 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 16 0 Never 1075 1 Once or Twice 365 2 A Few Times 225 3 Often 138 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 568 9 Don't Know 13 998 Refused 0 Q69b. Problems with public clinic: lack of medicine/supplies 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 977 1 Once or Twice 384 2 A Few Times 242 3 Often 132 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 654 9 Don't Know 11 998 Refused 0 Q69c. Problems with public clinic: lack of attention/ respect 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1046 1 Once or Twice 264 2 A Few Times 228 3 Often 202 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 654 9 Don't Know 6 998 Refused 0 Q69d. Problems with public clinic: absent doctors 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1109 1 Once or Twice 290 2 A Few Times 236 3 Often 105 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 654 9 Don't Know 6 998 Refused 0 Q69e. Problems with public clinic: long waiting time 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 687 1 Once or Twice 324 2 A Few Times 372 3 Often 359 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 654 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q69f. Problems with public clinic: dirty facilities 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1361 1 Once or Twice 186 2 A Few Times 138 3 Often 45 7 No experience with public clinics in past year 654 9 Don't Know 16 998 Refused 0 Q70a. Received free visits or medicines 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1489 1 Yes 897 9 Don't know 14 998 Refused 0 Q70b. Received food for children 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1745 1 Yes 622 9 Don't know 33 998 Refused 0 Q70c. Received pension or grant 2400 77 77 -1 Missing 0 0 No 0 1 Yes 0 9 Don't know 0 77 Not Asked 2400 998 Refused 0 Q71a. Performance: President 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 455 2 Disapprove 451 3 Approve 968 4 Strongly Approve 474 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 52 998 Refused 0 Q71b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 441 2 Disapprove 664 3 Approve 936 4 Strongly Approve 255 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 104 998 Refused 0 Q71c. Performance: local government councillor 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 340 2 Disapprove 669 3 Approve 993 4 Strongly Approve 299 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 99 998 Refused 0 Q71c1-gha. Performance: district chief executive 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 414 2 Disapprove 709 3 Approve 868 4 Strongly Approve 195 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 214 998 Refused 0 Q72a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The president/executive 845 1 The parliament/local council 393 2 Their political party 126 3 The voters 963 4 No one 14 9 Don't know 59 998 Refused 0 Q72b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The president/executive 286 1 The parliament/local council 869 2 Their political party 130 3 The voters 1049 4 No one 16 9 Don't know 50 998 Refused 0 Q72c. Who responsible: president does job 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The president/executive 400 1 The parliament/local council 768 2 Their political party 136 3 The voters 1012 4 No one 16 9 Don't know 68 998 Refused 0 Q73a. Payments required: general sales tax 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I am not required to pay 570 1 Yes, I am required to pay 1734 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 96 Q73b. Payments made: license fees to local government 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I am not required to pay 449 1 Yes, I am required to pay 1847 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 104 Q73c. Payments made: property rates or taxes 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I am not required to pay 401 1 Yes, I am required to pay 1882 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 117 Q73d. Payments made: income taxes 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I am not required to pay 167 1 Yes, I am required to pay 1159 7 Not applicable 1015 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 59 Q73e. Payments required: self-employer taxes 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I am not required to pay 327 1 Yes, I am required to pay 1361 7 Not applicable 651 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 61 Q74. Payments required to powerful people 74. In the last year, how often have powerful people or groups other than government, such as criminals or gangs, made people in your community or neighbourhood pay them money in return for protecting them, their property or their businesses? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2132 1 Only once 75 2 A Few Times 41 3 Often 19 9 Don't Know 133 998 Refused 0 Q75a. Difficulty to find out what taxes or fees to pay 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 56 2 Easy 409 3 Difficult 994 4 Very difficult 621 9 Don't know 320 998 Refused 0 Q75b. Difficulty to find out how government uses the revenues 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 45 2 Easy 301 3 Difficult 964 4 Very difficult 794 9 Don't know 296 998 Refused 0 Q75c. Difficulty to avoid paying taxes 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 81 2 Easy 394 3 Difficult 940 4 Very difficult 590 7 Don't have to pay taxes 42 9 Don't know 353 998 Refused 0 Q76a. Right or wrong: not paying for the government services 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not wrong at all 149 2 Wrong but understandable 654 3 Wrong and punishable 1554 9 Don't know 43 998 Refused 0 Q76b. Right or wrong: not paying the taxes 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not wrong at all 144 2 Wrong but understandable 697 3 Wrong and punishable 1511 9 Don't know 48 998 Refused 0 Q77. Why avoid paying taxes 77. What do you think is the main reason that some people avoid paying government the taxes and fees that they owe? 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 People don't avoid paying 99 1 The tax system is unfair 227 2 The taxes are too high 585 3 People cannot afford to pay 502 4 The poor services they receive from government 326 5 Government does not listen to them 25 6 Government wastes tax money 231 7 Government officials steal tax money 90 8 They know they will not be caught 60 9 Greed / selfishness 10 10 Ignorance, don't know how to pay or don't understand need to 20 260 Wickedness 7 261 The Government does not come for it 3 9995 Other 2 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 213 Q77other. Why avoid paying taxes (verbatim) 77. What do you think is the main reason that some people avoid paying government the taxes and fees that they owe? Other [specify] 2400 Q78. Violence never justified vs. sometimes necessary 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1317 2 Agree with 1 700 3 Agree with 2 200 4 Agree very strongly with 2 99 5 Agree with neither 45 9 Don't know 39 998 Refused 0 Q78a1. Help from African Union 78A1. In your opinion, how much does the African Union do to help this country, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Do nothing, no help 272 1 Help a little bit 592 2 Help somewhat 338 3 Help a lot 268 9 Don't know 930 Q79a-gha. M/M/DCE be elected vs. M/M/DCE be appointed 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with statement 1 1127 2 Agree with statement 1 561 3 Agree with statement 2 246 4 Agree very strongly with statement 2 337 5 Agree with neither 57 9 Don't know 72 998 refused 0 Q79b1-gha. Elected M/M/DCE will be accountable and responsive at local level 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 35 1 Disagree 202 2 Neither agree nor disagree 113 3 Agree 1044 4 Strongly agree 920 9 Don't know 86 998 refused 0 Q79b2-gha. Elected M/M/DCEs with different political party to that of the President undermine the President 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 256 1 Disagree 472 2 Neither agree nor disagree 224 3 Agree 817 4 Strongly agree 500 9 Don't know 131 998 refused 0 Q79b3-gha. Gvts. have retained arrangement for fear of losing partisan advantage gained by M/M/DCEs 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 50 1 Disagree 270 2 Neither agree nor disagree 216 3 Agree 993 4 Strongly agree 710 9 Don't know 161 998 refused 0 Q79b4-gha. Electing M/M/DCEs lower chances of persons from disadvantaged groups getting elected 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 175 1 Disagree 510 2 Neither agree nor disagree 220 3 Agree 805 4 Strongly agree 459 9 Don't know 231 998 refused 0 Q79b5-gha. Election of M/M/DCEs promote grassroots participation in local governance 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 29 1 Disagree 194 2 Neither agree nor disagree 202 3 Agree 1040 4 Strongly agree 753 9 Don't know 182 998 refused 0 Q80a1-gha. Activities grassroots political party activists engaged in during election campaigns and elections? 1st response 80A-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? 2400 1 9999 -1 Missing 0 1 Explaining their party's plans, policies and programs during campaign 527 2 Influencing electorates with material goods for their votes 162 3 Selling their party's achievements to voters to secure their votes 141 4 Mobilizing people to support their party during elections 299 5 Conducting research and opinion polls for their parties 50 6 Distributing party souvenirs (e.g. T-shirt, cap, scarf etc) to electorates 124 7 Acting as bodyguards for party officials 126 8 Disrupting electoral process at polling stations during elections 38 9 Developing adverts and media campaign kits for their parties 24 10 Moving from one polling station to another creating confusion during elections 50 11 Snatching ballot boxes and destroying ballots 37 12 Conveying electorates to polling stations during elections 30 13 Intimidate voters at polling stations during elections 39 14 Fighting with and brutalizing supporters of other parties 98 15 Acting as party agents during elections 143 9995 other 13 9998 refused 0 9999 Don't know 499 Q80a1-ghaother. 1st response (verbatim) 80A-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? Other [specify] 2400 2387 BRINGING PEOPLE FROM ELSE WHERE TO VOTE 1 CAUSE TOO MUCH TROUBLE 1 EDUCATE THEIR PARTY MEMBERS 1 ENGAGE THEMSELVES IN VIOLENCE TO DEFEND THEIR PARTY 1 MAKE SURE THERE IS NO CHEATING 1 MONETORY GAINS 1 MOTIVATE VOTERS OR SUPPORTERS 1 PROTECTING THE BALLOT BOXES 1 SERVE AS COUNSEL FOR ELDERS 1 THEY SEE TO IT THAT THERE IS PEACE 1 THEY SUPERVISE ELECTIONS 1 THEY WANT MONEY 1 TO GET FAVOUR 1 Q80a2-gha. Activities grassroots political party activists engaged in during election campaigns and elections? 2nd response 80A2-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? 2400 1 9999 -1 Missing 0 1 Explaining their party's plans, policies and programs during campaign 216 2 Influencing electorates with material goods for their votes 155 3 Selling their party's achievements to voters to secure their votes 196 4 Mobilizing people to support their party during elections 344 5 Conducting research and opinion polls for their parties 49 6 Distributing party souvenirs (e.g. T-shirt, cap, scarf etc) to electorates 174 7 Acting as bodyguards for party officials 170 8 Disrupting electoral process at polling stations during elections 96 9 Developing adverts and media campaign kits for their parties 57 10 Moving from one polling station to another creating confusion during elections 44 11 Snatching ballot boxes and destroying ballots 52 12 Conveying electorates to polling stations during elections 48 13 Intimidate voters at polling stations during elections 45 14 Fighting with and brutalizing supporters of other parties 60 15 Acting as party agents during elections 108 9995 other 11 9998 refused 0 9999 Don't know 575 Q80a2-ghaother. 2nd response (verbatim) 80A2-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? Other [specify] 2400 2389 HELPING TO STOP CHAOS 1 MAKE SURE THERE IS NO VIOLENCE 1 MAKE THINGS VERY DIFFICULT 1 MONEY 1 MONEY GAINS 1 SERVE AS CONSULTANT 1 SO THAT THERE ARE NO CONFUSION 1 THEY MAKE SURE NOTHING BAD HAPPENS IN THE COUNTRY 1 THEY SEE TO IT THAT PEACE PREVAILS IN THE CAMPAIGN 1 THEY SEE TO IT THAT THERE IS PEACE DURING ELECTION 1 THEY WANT FAVOUR 1 Q80a3-gha. Activities grassroots political party activists engaged in during election campaigns and elections? 3rd response 80A3-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? 2400 1 9999 -1 Missing 0 1 Explaining their party's plans, policies and programs during campaign 171 2 Influencing electorates with material goods for their votes 136 3 Selling their party's achievements to voters to secure their votes 163 4 Mobilizing people to support their party during elections 273 5 Conducting research and opinion polls for their parties 60 6 Distributing party souvenirs (e.g. T-shirt, cap, scarf etc) to electorates 148 7 Acting as bodyguards for party officials 119 8 Disrupting electoral process at polling stations during elections 108 9 Developing adverts and media campaign kits for their parties 52 10 Moving from one polling station to another creating confusion during elections 56 11 Snatching ballot boxes and destroying ballots 60 12 Conveying electorates to polling stations during elections 65 13 Intimidate voters at polling stations during elections 57 14 Fighting with and brutalizing supporters of other parties 66 15 Acting as party agents during elections 169 9995 other 8 9998 refused 0 9999 Don't know 689 Q80a3-ghaother. 3rd response (verbatim) 80A3-GHA. In your opinion, which three main activities would you say grassroots political party activists (or foot soldiers) primarily engage themselves in during election campaigns and elections? Other [specify] 2400 2392 DISCIPLINE PERSONS WHO MISBEHAVE 1 FREE AND FARE ELECTIONS 1 GIVEN BRIBES 1 GOOD BELIEVE AND GUN FOR SUPPORT 1 PROCUREMENT OFFICERS 1 PROTECT BALLOT BOX 1 SUPPORT THE PARTY WHEN THEY ARE IN NEED 1 THEY SEE TO IT THAT THE EVENT BECOMES A SUCCESS 1 Q80b-gha. Political party foot soldiers toil for their parties vrs expect material rewards after winning political power 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with statement 1 404 2 Agree with statement 1 340 3 Agree with statement 2 471 4 Agree very strongly with statement 2 962 5 Agree with neither 64 9 Don't know 159 998 refused 0 Q81a1-gha. Political party foot soldier activities that border on criminality must be prosecuted by police 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 38 1 Disagree 78 2 Neither agree nor disagree 37 3 Agree 880 4 Strongly agree 1237 9 Don't know 130 998 refused 0 Q81a2-gha. Political party foot soldiers who toiled to get parties elected are legitimate and should be satisfied by govt 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 243 1 Disagree 480 2 Neither agree nor disagree 146 3 Agree 829 4 Strongly agree 557 9 Don't know 145 998 refused 0 Q81a3-gha. Political party foot soldiers have no right to special treatment by govt. in spite of efforts to get their parties elected 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 197 1 Disagree 390 2 Neither agree nor disagree 158 3 Agree 836 4 Strongly agree 674 9 Don't know 145 998 refused 0 Q81a4-gha. Political party foot soldiers could threaten peace and security of country if left unchecked 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 84 1 Disagree 109 2 Neither agree nor disagree 110 3 Agree 900 4 Strongly agree 1051 9 Don't know 146 998 refused 0 Q81a5-gha. Political interference has made it impossible for police to arrest party foot soldiers involved in criminal activities 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 60 1 Disagree 130 2 Neither agree nor disagree 104 3 Agree 918 4 Strongly agree 1029 9 Don't know 159 998 refused 0 Q81b1-gha. Govt. make appointments on the basis of party membership and competency 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Wrong and must be discouraged 1689 1 Wrong but reasonable to politicians 565 2 Not at all wrong 84 9 Don't know 62 998 refused 0 Q81b2-gha. Govt. appoint party foot soldiers into public service regardless of their qualification and skills 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Wrong and must be discouraged 1794 1 Wrong but reasonable to politicians 451 2 Not at all wrong 77 9 Don't know 78 998 refused 0 Q81b3-gha. Govt. awards contracts for projects on basis of party membership and not expertise 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Wrong and must be discouraged 1816 1 Wrong but reasonable to politicians 451 2 Not at all wrong 86 9 Don't know 47 998 refused 0 Q82a1-gha. Govt. give country's oil revenue to public enterprises or private sector entities as loans 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 245 1 Disagree 339 2 Neither agree nor disagree 83 3 Agree 732 4 Strongly agree 892 9 Don't know 109 998 refused 0 Q82a2-gha. The country should not use future oil revenues as guarantee for current borrowing 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 290 1 Disagree 287 2 Neither agree nor disagree 92 3 Agree 724 4 Strongly agree 894 9 Don't know 113 998 refused 0 Q82a3-gha. The country should save part of its oil revenue in a special account for future generations 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 11 1 Disagree 41 2 Neither agree nor disagree 69 3 Agree 868 4 Strongly agree 1334 9 Don't know 77 998 refused 0 Q82a4-gha. The country use only some percentage of the oil revenue to be determined by parliament to finance annual budget 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 48 1 Disagree 161 2 Neither agree nor disagree 121 3 Agree 962 4 Strongly agree 1010 9 Don't know 98 998 refused 0 Q82a5-gha. Govt. distribute oil revenues equally to all citizens in the form of cash transfers 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Strongly disagree 683 1 Disagree 483 2 Neither agree nor disagree 124 3 Agree 523 4 Strongly agree 488 9 Don't know 99 998 refused 0 Q82b-gha. Govt create fund dedicated to development of region with oil resource vs. pursue development on basis of resource endowments of region 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with statement 1 510 2 Agree with statement 1 458 3 Agree with statement 2 405 4 Agree very strongly with statement 2 863 5 Agree with neither 94 9 Don't know 70 998 refused 0 Q82c-gha. Percentage of oil revenue used to support annual budget vs. use to finance current consumption 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with statement 1 1456 2 Agree with statement 1 552 3 Agree with statement 2 151 4 Agree very strongly with statement 2 142 5 Agree with neither 47 9 Don't know 52 998 refused 0 Q83a-gha. Institutions more transparent or accountable be made to manage all oil revenues accruing to the state 83A-GHA. In your opinion, which of these institutions would be more transparent or accountable to Ghanaians if made to manage all oil revenues accruing to the state? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None of these 37 1 The Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MoFEP) 382 2 The Bank of Ghana (BoG) 559 3 The Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) 83 4 The Ghana National Petroleum Company (GNPC) 574 5 An independent or non-state oversight body comprising parlia 493 9 Don't know 272 Q83b1-gha. Govt. should publish all contracts between the oil companies and the state 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 18 2 Disapprove 69 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 71 4 Approve 1078 5 Strongly approve 1095 9 Don't know 69 998 refused 0 Q83b2-gha. Annual audit of account on oil revenue accrued to the state should be published in national newspapers 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 8 2 Disapprove 40 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 87 4 Approve 1054 5 Strongly approve 1141 9 Don't know 70 998 refused 0 Q83b3-gha. Information on oil revenue management be made available to the general public through radio and tv 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 5 2 Disapprove 41 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 61 4 Approve 1070 5 Strongly approve 1162 9 Don't know 61 998 refused 0 Q83b4-gha. MoFEP publish projects in annual budgets financed with oil money in newspapers 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 7 2 Disapprove 36 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 93 4 Approve 1073 5 Strongly approve 1106 9 Don't know 85 998 refused 0 Q83b5-gha. Capital investment undertaken with oil revenue should be published in national newspapers 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 5 2 Disapprove 51 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 121 4 Approve 1082 5 Strongly approve 1077 9 Don't know 64 998 refused 0 Q83b6-gha. Information on oil revenue management be made publicly available on the website 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 11 2 Disapprove 75 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 124 4 Approve 1079 5 Strongly approve 1038 9 Don't know 73 998 refused 0 Q83b7-gha. Parliament call body mandated to manage oil revenue on yearly basis 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 6 2 Disapprove 46 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 99 4 Approve 1053 5 Strongly approve 1130 9 Don't know 66 998 refused 0 Q83c1-gha. Active demand for responsible management for govt. to invest oil revenues to improve quality of public service 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 61 1 Not very likely 198 2 Somewhat likely 769 3 Very likely 1284 9 Don't know 88 998 refused 0 Q83c2-gha. Active demand for responsible management for govt. to invest oil revenues in infrastructure development 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 72 1 Not very likely 201 2 Somewhat likely 814 3 Very likely 1225 9 Don't know 88 998 refused 0 Q83c3-gha. Active demand for responsible management for govt. to pay a regular (monthly) cash income from the oil revenues 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 957 1 Not very likely 395 2 Somewhat likely 496 3 Very likely 461 9 Don't know 91 998 refused 0 Q83d-gha. How often information on oil revenue, expenditure and savings should be made available to citizens 83D-GHA. How often do you expect information on oil revenue accrued to the state, what has been spent and what remains in savings to be made publicly available to citizens by the relevant authority? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Once in a year 456 2 Twice in a year 474 3 Once in a quarter 576 4 Once in a month 740 7 Not Applicable 42 9 Don't know 112 Q84. Tribe or ethnic group 84. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Akan 1296 261 Ewe/Anglo 324 262 Ga/Adangbe 172 263 Dagomba 155 264 Hausa 45 265 Dagarti 81 266 Waale 5 267 Mosi 9 268 Sissala 5 269 Kontonkoli 7 270 Talensi 11 271 Kasina 5 272 Frafra 27 273 Gruma 24 274 Bimoba 2 275 Bulsa 20 276 Nandom 7 277 Kusasi 52 278 Mamprusi 25 279 Konkomba 49 280 Guan 6 281 Gonja 14 282 Nzema 1 283 Other Northern tribes 55 9990 [Ghanaian] only or "doesn't think of self in those terms" 0 9995 Others 0 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 3 Q84other. Tribe or ethnic group (verbatim) 84. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? Other [specify] 2400 Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly 85A. How often are ___________s [R’s Ethnic Group] treated unfairly by the government? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1499 1 Sometimes 452 2 Often 147 3 Always 151 7 Not applicable 3 9 Don't know 148 998 Refused 0 Q85b. Ethnic or national identity 85B. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Ghanaian and being a ________[R’s ETHNIC GROUP]. Which of the following statements best expresses your feelings? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 I feel only [ethnic group] 12 2 I feel more Ghanaian than [ethnic group] 84 3 I feel equally Ghanaian and [ethnic group] 1259 4 I feel more [ethnic group] than Ghanaian 245 5 I feel only Ghanaian 786 7 Not applicable 3 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q85c. Proud of nationality 85C. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statement: It makes you proud to be called a Ghanaian. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 94 2 Disagree 34 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 41 4 Agree 574 5 Strongly Agree 1655 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q86a. Right to be citizen: born in country with one non-citizen parent 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 221 1 Yes 2109 9 Don't know 70 998 Refused 0 Q86b. Right to be citizen: born in country with two non-citizen parents 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 1126 1 Yes 1200 9 Don't know 74 998 Refused 0 Q86c. Right to be citizen: wife of citizen husband 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 841 1 Yes 1472 9 Don't know 87 998 Refused 0 Q86d. Right to be citizen: husband of citizen wife 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 1026 1 Yes 1276 9 Don't know 98 998 Refused 0 Q86e. Right to be citizen: lived and worked in country 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 895 1 Yes 1416 9 Don't know 89 998 Refused 0 Q86f. Right to be citizen: hold dual citizenship 2400 0 9 -1 MIssing 0 0 No 1545 1 Yes 734 9 Don't know 121 998 Refused 0 Q87. Most people can be trusted 87. Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Must be very careful 2101 1 Most people can be trusted 274 9 Don't know 25 Q88a. Trust relatives 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 158 1 Just a little 457 2 Somewhat 523 3 A lot 1258 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q88b. Trust neighbours 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 384 1 Just a little 738 2 Somewhat 704 3 A lot 564 9 Don't know 10 998 Refused 0 Q88c. Trust other people you know 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 544 1 Just a little 855 2 Somewhat 642 3 A lot 350 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q89a. Close to political party 89A. Do you feel close to any particular political party? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not close to any party 845 1 Yes, feels close to a party 1432 8 Refused to answer 88 9 Don't know 35 Q89b. Which party if "Yes" to Q89A] 89B. Which party is that? [If answer to Q89A was “No,” “Don't Know,” or “Refused to answer,” circle 9997 = Not applicable.] 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 CPP 36 261 NDC 593 262 NPP 693 263 PNC 8 264 NRP 19 266 GCPP 0 267 DFP 0 9995 Others 1 9997 Not Applicable 968 9998 Refused to answer 75 9999 Don't know 7 Q89bother. Which party (verbatim) 89B. Which party is that? [If answer to Q89A was "No," "Don't Know," or "Refused to answer," circle 9997 = Not applicable.] Other [specify] 2400 2399 JESUS PARTY 1 89c-gha. Your relationship with political party you feel close to 89C-GHA. Which of the following describes your relationship with the political party you feel close to: 2400 0 9998 -1 Missing 0 0 Non card bearing member and never campaign for the party in 704 1 Non card bearing member but actively campaign for the party 305 2 A card bearing member but never campaign for the party in my 166 3 A card bearing member who actively campaign for the party in 223 9997 Not Applicable [DNR] 968 9998 Refused to answer [DNR] 34 9999 Don't know [DNR] 0 Q90a. Own radio 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don't own 515 1 Yes, do own 1881 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q90b. Own television 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don't own 1044 1 Yes, do own 1348 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q90c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don't own 2142 1 Yes, do own 245 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q91a. How often use a computer 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1962 1 Less than once a month 84 2 A few times a month 83 3 A few times a week 123 4 Every day 147 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q91b. How often use the internet 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1983 1 Less than once a month 70 2 A few times a month 80 3 A few times a week 116 4 Every day 145 9 Don't know 6 998 Refused 0 Q92. Usage and ownership of mobile phone 92. Do you ever use a mobile phone? If so, who owns the mobile phone that you use most often? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, I never use a mobile phone 308 1 Yes, I use a mobile phone that I own 1796 2 Yes, I use a mobile owned by someone else in my household 245 3 Yes, I use a mobile owned by someone else outside my hhold 49 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q93a. How often use a cell phone 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 271 1 Less than one time per day 217 2 One or two times per day 277 3 Three or four times per day 469 4 Five or more times per day 1149 9 Don't know 17 998 Refused 0 Q93b. How often send or receive a text message 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1244 1 Less than one time per day 308 2 One or two times per day 391 3 Three or four times per day 202 4 Five or more times per day 240 9 Don't know 15 998 Refused 0 Q93c. How often send or receive money 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2253 1 Less than one time per day 62 2 One or two times per day 30 3 Three or four times per day 28 4 Five or more times per day 15 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q94. How many mobile phones in household 94. How many mobile phones are owned in total by members of your household, including yourself? If it is 100% clear that there is no electricity supply to the home, e.g., in an unserved rural area, do not ask the question of the respondent. Just select 0=No electricity supply and continue to the next question. 2400 0 99 -1 MIssing 0 0 125 1 599 2 671 3 411 4 284 5 126 6 97 7 29 8 23 9 18 99 Don't know 17 998 Refused 0 Q95a. Source of water for household use 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Inside the house 206 2 Inside the compound 375 3 Outside the compound 1815 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q95b. Location of toilet or latrine 2400 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 None, no latrine available 210 1 Inside the house 262 2 Inside the compound 524 3 Outside the compound 1404 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q96. Employment status 96. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? [If yes, ask:] Is it full-time or part-time? [If no, ask:] Are you presently looking for a job? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No (not looking) 424 1 No (looking) 723 2 Yes, part time 275 3 Yes, full time 972 9 Don't know 6 998 Refused 0 Q97. Education of respondent 97. What is the highest level of education you have completed? 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No formal schooling 480 1 Informal schooling only 78 2 Some primary schooling 372 3 Primary school completed 518 4 Some secondary school/high school 363 5 Secondary school completed/high school 371 6 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 155 7 Some university 21 8 University completed 31 9 Post-graduate 8 99 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q98a. Religion of respondent 98A. What is your religion, if any? 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 None 44 1 Christian only 434 2 Roman Catholic 307 3 Orthodox 18 4 Coptic 0 5 Anglican 39 6 Lutheran 3 7 Methodist 184 8 Presbyterian 190 9 Baptist 24 10 Quaker/Friends 0 11 Mennonite 0 12 Evangelical 86 13 Pentecostal 417 14 Independent 60 15 Jehovah's Witness 21 16 Seventh Day Adventist 46 17 Mormon 5 18 Muslim only 327 19 Sunni only 19 20 Ismaeli 1 21 Mouridiya Brotherhood 4 22 Tijaniya Brotherhood 14 23 Qadiriya Brotherhood 0 24 Shia only 4 25 Traditional/ethnic religion 61 26 Hindu 0 27 Bahai 0 28 Agnostic(Do not know if there is a God) 0 29 Atheist(Do not believe in a God) 5 30 Dutch Reformed 1 31 Calvinist 1 32 Church of Christ 50 33 Zionist Christain Church 13 260 The Apostolic 12 9995 Other 2 9998 Refused 7 9999 Don't know 1 Q98aother. Religion of respondent (verbatim) 98A. What is your religion, if any? Other [specify] 2400 Q98b. Importance of religion 98B. How important is religion in your life? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all important 21 2 Not very important 44 3 Somewhat important 162 4 Very important 2115 8 Refused to answer 49 9 Don't know 9 Q99a-gha. Vote for which party's candidate in 2004 99-GHA. Which party's candidate did you vote for in 2004? 2400 95 263 -1 Missing 0 95 Other [Specify] 6 96 Did not vote, even though was a registered voter 139 97 Did not vote (under age 18 by then) 527 98 Refused to answer [Do not read] 196 99 Don't know [Do not read] 31 260 Convention People's Party (CPP) 37 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 698 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 755 263 People's National Convention (PNC) 11 264 Progressive People's Party (PPP) 0 265 Democratic People's Party (DPP) 0 266 Did not Register 0 267 Travelled/Not in the Country 0 Q99a-ghaother. Vote for which party's candidate in 2004 (verbatim) 99-GHA. Which party's candidate did you vote for in 2004? Other [specify] 2400 2394 DID NOT REGISTER 2 DID NOT REGISTER TO VOTE 1 DID NOT VOTE. WAS NOT A REGISTERED VOTER 1 DO NOT HAVE AN ID CARD 1 WAS NOT REGISTERED 1 Q99b-gha. Vote for which party's candidate in 2008 99B-GHA. Which party's candidate did you vote for in 2008? 2400 95 266 -1 Missing 0 95 Other [Specify] 8 96 Did not vote, even though was a registered voter 170 97 Did not vote (under age 18 by then) 297 98 Refused to answer [Do not read] 228 99 Don't know [Do not read] 25 260 Convention People's Party (CPP) 45 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 802 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 813 263 People's National Convention (PNC) 11 264 Progressive People's Party (PPP) 0 265 Democratic People's Party (DPP) 0 266 Did not Register 1 267 Travelled/Not in the Country 0 Q99b-ghaother. Vote for which party's candidate in 2008 (verbatim) 99B-GHA. Which party's candidate did you vote for in 2008? Other [specify] 2400 2392 COULD NOT REGISTER 1 DID NOT REGISTER 3 WAS NOT IN GHANA 2 WAS NOT IN THE COUNTRY 2 Q99. Vote for which party 99. If a presidential election were held tomorrow, which party's candidate would you vote for? 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People's Party (CPP) 49 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 750 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 874 263 People's National Convention (PNC) 12 264 Progressive People's Party (PPP) 31 265 Democratic People's Party (DPP) 0 266 Undecided 17 9995 Other [Specify] 1 9997 Would not vote 124 9998 Refused to answer [Do not read] 374 9999 Don't know [Do not read] 168 Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) 99. If a presidential election were held tomorrow, which party's candidate would you vote for? Other [specify] 2400 2382 HAVE NOT DECIDED 1 HAVE NOT DECIDED YET 1 I HAVE NOT MADE UP MY MIND 1 I WILL DECIDE WHEN TOMORROW COMES 1 NOT CERTAIN YET 1 NOT DECIDED 3 NOT DECIDED YET 4 TRAVELLED AND WAS NOT IN THE COUNTRY 1 UNDECIDED 4 WHATEVER THE HEART DECIDES 1 Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 100. Just one more question: Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 2400 0 999 -1 Missing 0 0 No one 5 1 Government (general) 1297 2 National/ federal government 34 3 Provincial/ regional government 0 4 Local government 18 5 President/PM's office 70 6 Parliament/ National assembly 7 7 Government census/ statistics office 15 8 National Intelligence/ Secret Service 1 9 Education or Social Affairs Dept./Ministry 9 10 Tax or Finance Dept./Ministry 0 11 Health Dept./Ministry 2 12 Other government dept./ministry 5 13 Constitutional Commission 4 14 Electoral Commission 21 15 National Planning Commission 3 16 Public Utility Company 1 17 NGO 92 18 Political party/ politicians 85 19 Research company/org. (AB natl. partner) 169 20 Newspapers/ Media 9 21 University/ School/ College 26 22 Private company 31 23 International Organization 5 24 God or a religious organization 4 995 Other 14 998 Refused 13 999 Don't know 460 Time interview ended ENDTIME. Time interview ended Enter hour and minute, use 24 hr. clock 2400 Length of interview LENGTH. For Office Use: Duration of interview in minutes 2400 20 119 -1 Missing 0 20 1 22 2 24 2 25 1 26 1 27 2 28 3 29 1 30 3 31 3 32 2 33 3 34 3 35 1 36 4 37 2 38 2 39 5 40 6 41 7 42 10 43 11 44 10 45 34 46 18 47 13 48 22 49 28 50 81 51 34 52 51 53 37 54 42 55 81 56 46 57 48 58 45 59 26 60 142 61 52 62 77 63 79 64 57 65 120 66 67 67 52 68 63 69 57 70 110 71 47 72 52 73 30 74 50 75 88 76 27 77 30 78 27 79 35 80 71 81 24 82 20 83 21 84 13 85 35 86 25 87 20 88 17 89 10 90 54 91 10 92 6 93 6 94 8 95 16 96 9 97 5 98 7 99 8 100 14 101 6 102 6 103 2 104 6 105 3 106 5 107 1 108 1 109 2 111 1 112 3 113 2 115 4 117 2 118 2 119 2 Q101. Gender of respondent 101. Respondent's gender 2400 1 2 -1 Missing 0 1 Male 1200 2 Female 1200 Q102. Race of respondent 102. Respondent’s race? 2400 1 1 -1 Missing 0 1 Black/African 2400 2 White/European 0 3 Coloured/Mixed Race 0 4 Arab/Lebanese/North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 0 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 0 95 Other 0 Q103. Language of interview 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? 2400 1 264 -1 Missing 0 1 English 527 260 Akan 1434 261 Ewe 191 262 Ga/Dangbe 30 263 Dagbani 208 264 Hausa 10 995 Other 0 Q104. Type of shelter of respondent 104. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 2400 1 8 -1 Missing 0 1 Non-traditional / formal house 794 2 Traditional house / hut 572 3 Temporary structure / shack 120 4 Flat in a block of flats 131 5 Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard 730 6 Room in a hotel, or a residential hotel 15 7 Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound 1 8 Other 37 Q105. Roof of respondent's home 105. What was the roof of the respondent’s home or shelter made of? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Metal, tin or zinc 1878 2 Tiles 55 3 Shingles 28 4 Thatch or grass 273 5 Plastic sheets 6 6 Asbestos 105 7 Multiple materials 13 8 Some other material 37 9 Could not tell/could not see 5 Q106. Others present 106. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 2400 1 5 -1 Missing 0 1 No one 1476 2 Spouse 154 3 Children Only 198 4 A few others 523 5 Small crowd 49 Q107a. Check with others 107A. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2290 1 Yes 110 Q107b. Influence by others 107B. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2342 1 Yes 58 Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives 107C. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2397 1 Yes 3 Q107d. Feel threatened 107D. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2397 1 Yes 3 Q107e. Physically threatened 107E. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2399 1 Yes 1 Q108. Proportion difficulty answering 108. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 2400 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 None 2231 1 Few 133 2 Some 28 3 Most 8 4 All 0 Q109a. Trouble answering - first response 2400 Q109b. Trouble answering - second response 2400 000 2285 005 1 028 1 031 2 035 1 039 1 041 1 042 3 043 2 044 1 045 2 046 8 047 22 048 1 050 1 052 2 056 2 059 3 060 4 063 3 065 2 066 3 069 1 070 1 071 3 073 2 075 3 076 1 078 5 079 2 080 10 081 2 082 4 083 1 085 1 086 4 089 2 099 6 100 1 Q109c. Trouble answering - third response 2400 000 2323 032 2 044 1 045 1 046 4 047 6 052 1 058 1 059 1 060 3 061 1 062 1 063 1 071 3 072 1 075 1 077 1 079 2 080 13 081 2 082 6 083 9 085 1 086 6 089 2 099 7 Q110a. Respondent friendly 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Friendly 2198 2 In between 190 3 Hostile 12 Q110b. Respondent interested 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Interested 2067 2 In between 303 3 Bored 30 Q110c. Respondent cooperative 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Cooperative 2108 2 In between 269 3 Uncooperative 23 Q110d. Respondent patient 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Patient 2202 2 In between 186 3 Impatient 12 Q110e. Respondent at ease 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 At ease 2013 2 In between 327 3 Suspicious 60 Q110f. Respondent honest 2400 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Honest 2027 2 In between 355 3 Misleading 18 Q112. Interviewer's number 112. Interviewer’s Number 2400 Q113. Interviewer's age 113. Interviewer’s Age 2400 22 39 -1 Missing 0 22 114 23 184 24 524 25 196 26 424 27 464 29 200 30 40 31 66 36 32 37 58 38 58 39 40 Q114. Interviewer's gender 114. Interviewer’s gender 2400 1 2 -1 Missing 0 1 Male 1360 2 Female 1040 Q115. Interviewer rural or urban 115. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 2400 2 2 -1 Missing 0 1 Rural 0 2 Urban 2400 Q116. Interviewer's home language 116. Interviewer's home language: 2400 1 272 -1 Missing 0 1 English 40 260 Akan 1202 261 Ewe 504 262 Ga/Dangbe 120 263 Dagbani 276 264 Hausa 166 265 Dagare 32 266 Waale 32 272 Frafra 28 995 Others 0 Q116other. Interview's home language of interview 116. Interviewer's home language. Other [specify] 2400 2308 DAGAARE 32 FRAFRA 28 WAALE 32 Q117. Interviewer's education 117. Interviewer’s highest level of education 2400 6 9 -1 Missing 0 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary/high scl 0 5 High school completed 0 6 Post secondary qualifications (not university ) 1772 7 Some university 178 8 University completed 370 9 Post graduate 80 Within country weighting variable 2400 0.247659418651753 1.91874818038927