Senegal Demographic and Health Survey 1997 IPUMS-Demographic and Health Series (IPUMS-DHS) DDI_SEN_1997_DHS_v01_M_v01_A_IPUMS Minnesota Population Center

Minnesota Population Center and ICF

Minnesota Population Center September 25, 2019 Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Minnesota Population Center DDI Document version - Version 01 (February 2020) This version is identical to IPUMS Version 7 except for the following fields that were edited by World Bank: DDI ID and Study ID - adaptation version number changed to v01 as this is the initial DHS-IPUMS adaptation in World Bank catalog. Version 7 . Documentation of Demographic Household Survey data and harmonized variables as found in IPUMS-DHS. IPUMS has distribution rights to the metadata and data. The XML documents generated by this process are viewed as a distribution of the metadata. Fields edited for the World Bank are: DDI ID and study ID to match World Bank study naming convention, as well as DDI Document Version and Version Description to reflect changed included in version 7. Variable ID's and names were changed to add the prefix W_, C_, B_, M_, or H_ to indicate file source as Woman, Child, Birth, Man, or Household Member respectively. This was done to create unique variable IDs and names within the file. These prefixes are not found in the IPUMS-DHS system. Original extract version date 2019-9-25. DDI metadata revised to add DOI number to stdyDscr/notes and correct assignment of variables to record types. All non-ANSI_Latin characters have been replaced. Demographic and Health Survey 1997 - IPUMS Subset DHS 1997 (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) SEN_1997_DHS_v01_M_v01_A_IPUMS Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. Minnesota Population Center (c) Copyright , Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. and Minnesota Population Center Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. Demographic and Health Survey [hh/dhs] Version 7. The datasets contain selected variables from the original microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-DHS database. Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Education Variables -- TOPICS Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fertility Variables -- TOPICS First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS General family planning Variables -- TOPICS General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS General sources Variables -- TOPICS General technical Variables -- TOPICS Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Housing Variables -- TOPICS Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Migration Variables -- TOPICS ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Possessions Variables -- TOPICS Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Social Variables -- TOPICS Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS STI experience Variables -- TOPICS STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Work Variables -- TOPICS 1997 Senegal Woman, Birth, Child, Birth, Man, Household Member Women age 15-49, Births, Children age 0-4, Men age 20+, All persons Demographic and Household Survey [hh/dhs] MICRODATA SOURCE: Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. SAMPLE UNIT: Woman SAMPLE SIZE: 8593 SAMPLE UNIT: Birth SAMPLE SIZE: 27448 SAMPLE UNIT: Child SAMPLE SIZE: 7372 SAMPLE UNIT: Man SAMPLE SIZE: 4306 SAMPLE UNIT: Member SAMPLE SIZE: 44608 Face-to-face [f2f] None Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. Publications and research reports based on the IPUMS-DHS database must cite it appropriately. The citation should include the following: Elizabeth Heger Boyle, Miriam King and Matthew Sobek. IPUMS-Demographic and Health Surveys: Version 7 [dataset]. Minnesota Population Center and ICF, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18128/D080.V7 Researchers should also acknowledge the originally produced the data: Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et du Plan [Senegal] and Macro International Inc. Senegal Demographic and Health Survey 1997 [Dataset]. Data Extract from SNIR32.SAV, SNHR32.SAV, SNKR32.SAV, SNBR32.SAV, SNMR31.SAV, SNPR32.SAV, and SNWI32.SAV. IPUMS Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS DHS), version 7, IPUMS and ICF [Distributors]. Accessed from http://idhsdata.org on DATE. The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS-DHS data requires that users supply us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add your citation to the IPUMS bibliography at http://bibliography.ipums.org/. Users of IPUMS-DHS data must agree to abide by the access restrictions and terms of use set forth by the DHS Program: https://dhsprogram.com/data/Access-Instructions.cfm The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. SEN1997-W.dat Woman records 8593 ascii Minnesota Population Center SEN1997-B.dat Birth records 27448 ascii Minnesota Population Center SEN1997-C.dat Child records 7372 ascii Minnesota Population Center SEN1997-M.dat Man records 4306 ascii Minnesota Population Center SEN1997-H.dat Household member records 44608 ascii Minnesota Population Center IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MEN'S SURVEY? YES 1 NO 2 MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULTS______ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY FILLED OUT 6 ILL/INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE______ INTERVIEWER NAME______ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWERS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN/RURAL ? URBAN 1 RURAL 2 URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DAKAR/REGIONAL CAPITAL/OTHER CITY/RURAL? DAKAR (DAKAR REGION NOT RURAL) 1 REGIONAL CAPITAL (THIES, KAOLACK, ZIGUINCHOR, ST. LOUIS, DIOURBEL) 2 OTHER CITY 3 RURAL 4 DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT LOCALITY OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS_____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in Dakar, another capital, a city, or village? IF A CITY, ASK THE NAME OF THE CITY. DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence To begin, I would like to ask you questions about yourself and your household. 102. Until the age of 12 years, did you like the majority of the time in big city, in a city or in a rural area? DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1986-2017 [integrated; GIS] GEO_SN1986_2017 indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (regions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2005-2017 Senegal samples have greater geographic detail available in their sample-specific variables. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Senegal can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Dakar, Thiès (West) 2 Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Louga, Kaffrine (Center) 3 Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou (North East) 4 Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sedhiou (South) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_SN1997 (V101_SN1997) indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 1997 Senegal survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There are also three integrated variables, GEO_SN1986_2017, GEO_SN2012_2014, and GEO_SN2015_2016, that provide spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_SN1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 1 West 2 Central 3 South 4 North East Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDSON OR GRANDDAUGHTER 06 FATHER OR MOTHER 07 FATHER-IN-LAW OR MOTHER --IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 CO-WIFE 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 NOT RELATED 98 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 223. Are you currently pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 225A) NOT SURE 8 (GO TO 225A) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity, Senegal 114. What is your ethnicity? WOLOF/LEBOU 01 POULAR 02 SERER 03 MANDINGUE/SOCE/MALINKE 04 DIOLA 05 SOLINKE/SARAKOLE 06 BAMBARA 07 MANJAAK 08 MANCAGNE 09 BALANT 10 OTHERS (SPECIFY) ______11 ETHNICITYSN (V131SN) is a variable specific to Senegal that reports the respondent's ethnic group. Responses to this variable differ across samples. See Comparability. 01 Wolof 02 Poular 03 Serer 04 Mandingue 05 Diola 10 Other, Senegalese 11 Soninke 12 Bambara 13 Manjaak 14 Mancagne 15 Balant 19 Other Senegalese, unspecified 20 Other, non-Senegalese 98 Missing Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 501. Are you currently married? YES 1 (GO TO 504) NO 2 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 503. Have you ever been in a union with someone? YES 1 (GO TO 509) NO 2 (GO TO 513) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marriage consummated 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MARCONSUM indicates whether the respondent's marriage was ever consummated. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 510. How old were you when you consummated your union with your first husband/partner? AGE_____ (GO TO 514) DOESN'T KNOW AGE 98 (GO TO 514) AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 505. Does your husband/partner have other wives besides yourself? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 504. Does your husband/partner live with you or elsewhere? LIVES WITH HER 1 LIVES ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to be sure that I have this right: You have had in TOTAL _____births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 228. At what time during the menstrual cycle does a woman have the best chance to get pregnant? DURING HER PERIOD 1 JUST AFTER HER PERIOD 2 IN THE MIDDLE OF THE CYCLE 3 JUST BEFORE HER PERIOD BEGINS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had unwanted pregnancy 619. Have you ever had an undesired pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 624) DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 624) UNWANTPGEV indicates whether the woman ever had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy. The question wording does not indicate whether the respondent wanted no more births at all or just did not want a birth at that time. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Reason did not want pregnancy 621. What is the main reason why you did not want this pregnancy? ECONOMIC REASON 1 NOT MARRIED 2 DID NOT WANT CHILDREN 3 ABANDONED BY PARTNER 4 HEALTH REASONS 5 WANTED TO REST 6 NO RESPONSE 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____8 UNWANTPGWHY reports the main reason why the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy did not want the pregnancy. 01 Economic reasons 02 Not married 03 Didn't want child 04 Partner left respondent 05 Health reasons 07 Wanted to space births 90 No response 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Result of unwanted pregnancy 620. What did you do about this pregnancy? BROUGHT IT TO TERM 1 FAILURE INTERRUPTION 2 INTERRUPTION 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 UNWANTPGRES indicates whether the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy went to term, failed to terminate the pregnancy, terminated the pregnancy, or is still pregnant. 1 Went to term 2 Failed termination 3 Termination 4 Other 5 Still pregnant 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 23. How many rooms in your household do you use to sleep in? NUMBER OF ROOMS _____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION NATURAL MATERIAL EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYLE OR LINO/ASPHALT 32 TILE 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 41 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 21. What kind of toilet facility do the members of your household use? FLUSH PERSONAL FLUSH 11 COMMUNAL FLUSH 12 PIT/LATRINE PIT 21 LATRINES 22 NO FACILITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____41 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of kitchen waste and trash 29. How is your household garbage disposed of? COLLECTED 1 BURIED 2 AUTHORIZED DEPOSITORY 3 WILD (NOT AUTHORIZED) DEPOSITORY 4 INCINERATION 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____6 HHWASTE reports how the household disposes of its kitchen waste and trash. The information in HHWASTE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 996 Non-resident 100 Waste collected 110 Collected from home 120 Collected from container in street 130 Collected by government 131 Regularly collected by government 132 Infrequently collected by government 140 Collected by community association 150 Collected by private company 160 Collected by trash truck, unspecified 161 Collected by animal drawn cart 200 Waste dumped 210 Authorized/civic dump 211 Private/NGO garbage dump 220 Dumped into nature/unauthorized site 221 Dumped into street or empty plot 222 Dumped into canal or drainage 223 Dumped in river 224 Dumped inside hole 230 Dumped in own compound 231 Dump, bury, burn in compound 300 Waste processed 310 Burned 320 Buried 330 Composted 340 Recycled 350 Fed to animals 400 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 121 Collected from central collection point 141 By community members, for municipality, at least weekly 142 By community members, for municipality, lt weekly 143 By community members, at least weekly 144 By community members, lt weekly Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash is collected before disposal 27. In what do you keep your household garbage? GARBAGE CAN WITH LID 1 GARBAGE CAN WITHOUT LID 2 PLASTIC BAGS 3 USED KITCHEN UTENSILS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 HHWASTECOLLECT reports where the household collects trash or garbage before the trash is disposed of--for example, in a covered trash can versus a plastic bag. Some households reported throwing garbage into the street or surrounding land immediately, rather than storing household waste for collection later. The information in HHWASTECOLLECT is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 42 Used kitchen utensils/pan 00 Thrown in street 10 Covered trash can 20 Uncovered trash can 30 Plastic bag 40 Other 41 Old newspapers 96 Non-resident 98 Missing Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash container is stored 28. Where do you put your household garbage before disposing of it? INSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 1 OUTSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 2 HHWASTESTORE reports where the household's garbage container is kept: in the kitchen, in the dwelling but outside the kitchen, or outside the dwelling. The information in HHWASTESTORE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 20 Outside dwelling 12 Elsewhere inside dwelling 11 In kitchen 10 Inside dwelling 30 Elsewhere, away from plot 96 Non-resident 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 17. What is the main source of water that the members of your household use to wash their hands and to wash the dishes? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/INDOOR 11 (GO TO 19) PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 21 (GO TO 19) OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 19) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 20. From where does the drinking water for your household come? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO THE DWELLING/YARD/LOT 11 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/ YARD/PLOT 21 OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 SAMEH2OSRC (V142) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. 8 Missing 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 0 No Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water (HH record) 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 With information taken from the household record, SAMEH2OSRCHH (HV203) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. The information in SAMEH2OSRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of dirty water by HH 26. How do you dispose of your waste water? SEWER SYSTEM 1 CLOSED CANAL 2 OPEN CANAL 3 IN THE SEA/RIVER/POND 4 HOLE DUG IN THE HOUSE 5 IN THE ROAD/NATURE 6 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 7 WTRDISPOSAL reports the household's main method of disposing of dirty water. The information in WTRDISPOSAL is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 10 Improved outlet 11 Sewers 12 Public sewer 13 In the gutter 14 Septic pit 15 Draining 16 Covered pipe waste 17 Grid/Downstream 20 Less improved outlet 21 Courtyard 22 Protected canal 23 Pit/cesspool 24 Open pipe waste 25 Hole 30 Natural outlet 31 Swallow-hole 32 River 33 Nature 34 Canal/river 35 Open canal 40 Other 98 Missing 26 In the street Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has transport equipment (van, van, bus, taxi) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 TRUCKVAN indicates whether any member of the household owns transport equipment, such as a truck, van, bus, or taxi. The related variable CAR may indicate ownership of a truck as well as private car ownership. The information in TRUCKVAN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has video player/recorder 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO indicates whether the household had video equipment, variously described as "a video," "a video player," "a video recorder," or "a video deck." The related variable DVDVCD includes equipment for playing videos as well as DVD and CD players for some samples. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 517D. What is (was) your (last) husband/partner's main kind of work? HUSBAND'S/PARTNER'S OCCUPATION_____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 517C. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Best interval between births 618. In your opinion, what is the best interval in months or in years between the birth of a child and the birth of the next child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 IDEALBTHINT (V615) reports the best number of months or years between the birth of one child and the birth of the next child, according to the respondent. IPUMS-DHS adopts the recoding system from DHS for IDEALBTHINT. Below is a description of the codes from the DHS Recode Manual for Phase 2: The first digit gives the units in which the respondent answered ("1" indicates months, "2" indicates years, and "9" indicates a special response), while the last two digits give the time in those units. If the units' value is 9 then the variable contains a special response, and if the duration value is greater than 90 this also indicates a special response. For example, code 996 is used for "other" answers, and code 299 would mean that the response was given in years but the actual duration was missing on the questionnaire. 169 69 months 168 68 months 165 65 months 164 64 months 163 63 months 162 62 months 161 61 months 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 299 Years, unspecified number 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 167 67 months 166 66 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 225 25 years General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed number of children with partner 612. Have you ever discussed with your partner how many children you would like to have? YES 1 NO 2 FERTPREFTLKH (V620) indicates whether the woman and her husband/partner have discussed the number of children they would like to have. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Do you approve or disapprove of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 NO OPINION 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 610. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever become pregnant while using FP 623. Have you ever gotten pregnant while using a contraceptive method? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPUSEPREG indicates whether the respondent has ever become pregnant while using a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Frequency women generally get abortions 624. In your opinion, do women have abortions never, sometimes, often, very often? NEVER 1 (GO TO 701) SOMETIMES 2 OFTEN 3 VERY OFTEN 4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 701) FPABORTGENFQ reports how frequently women generally get abortions, according to the respondent's stated belief. 0 Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Very often 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Contraception failed 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTFAILFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their method of contraception failed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Did not use contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTNOFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they did not use a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Lack of knowledge about contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDKFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they do not know about contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Partner/family opposed to FP 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOPP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their husband/family is opposed to family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Promiscuous sex 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTSEX indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they have promiscuous sex. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Other 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because of some other reason. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific response categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Don't know 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported she does not know why women get abortions. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 331. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 311. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 324) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Easy or difficult to get to FP source 333. Is it easy or difficult to get to the place where you feel most at ease? EASY 1 DIFFICULT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who know of a source where family planning can be obtained, FPSRCEASE (V383) indicates whether it is easy or difficult to get there. 1 Easy 2 Difficult 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source For women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIME (V381) reports the amount of time it takes them to get there in minutes, hours, or days. The complementary variable FPSRCTIMEGP also reports the amount of time to get to the source of family planning, but that variable is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 1000 Less than 1 minute 1001 1 minute 1002 2 minutes 1003 3 minutes 1004 4 minutes 1005 5 minutes 1006 6 minutes 1007 7 minutes 1008 8 minutes 1009 9 minutes 1010 10 minutes 1011 11 minutes 1012 12 minutes 1013 13 minutes 1014 14 minutes 1015 15 minutes 1016 16 minutes 1017 17 minutes 1018 18 minutes 1019 19 minutes 1020 20 minutes 1021 21 minutes 1022 22 minutes 1023 23 minutes 1024 24 minutes 1025 25 minutes 1026 26 minutes 1027 27 minutes 1028 28 minutes 1029 29 minutes 1030 30 minutes 1031 31 minutes 1032 32 minutes 1033 33 minutes 1034 34 minutes 1035 35 minutes 1036 36 minutes 1037 37 minutes 1038 38 minutes 1039 39 minutes 1040 40 minutes 1041 41 minutes 1042 42 minutes 1043 43 minutes 1044 44 minutes 1045 45 minutes 1046 46 minutes 1047 47 minutes 1048 48 minutes 1049 49 minutes 1050 50 minutes 1051 51 minutes 1052 52 minutes 1053 53 minutes 1054 54 minutes 1055 55 minutes 1056 56 minutes 1057 57 minutes 1058 58 minutes 1059 59 minutes 1060 60 minutes 1061 61 minutes 1062 62 minutes 1063 63 minutes 1064 64 minutes 1065 65 minutes 1066 66 minutes 1067 67 minutes 1068 68 minutes 1069 69 minutes 1070 70 minutes 1071 71 minutes 1072 72 minutes 1073 73 minutes 1074 74 minutes 1075 75 minutes 1076 76 minutes 1077 77 minutes 1078 78 minutes 1079 79 minutes 1080 80 minutes 1081 81 minutes 1082 82 minutes 1083 83 minutes 1084 84 minutes 1085 85 minutes 1086 86 minutes 1087 87 minutes 1088 88 minutes 1089 89 minutes 1090 90 minutes 1091 91 minutes 1092 92 minutes 1093 93 minutes 1094 94 minutes 1095 95 minutes 1096 96 minutes 1097 97 minutes 1098 98 minutes 1099 99 minutes 1100 100 minutes 1101 101 minutes 1102 102 minutes 1103 103 minutes 1104 104 minutes 1105 105 minutes 1106 106 minutes 1107 107 minutes 1108 108 minutes 1109 109 minutes 1110 110 minutes 1111 111 minutes 1112 112 minutes 1113 113 minutes 1114 114 minutes 1115 115 minutes 1116 116 minutes 1117 117 minutes 1118 118 minutes 1119 119 minutes 1120 120 minutes 1121 121 minutes 1122 122 minutes 1123 123 minutes 1124 124 minutes 1125 125 minutes 1126 126 minutes 1127 127 minutes 1128 128 minutes 1129 129 minutes 1130 130 minutes 1131 131 minutes 1132 132 minutes 1133 133 minutes 1134 134 minutes 1135 135 minutes 1136 136 minutes 1137 137 minutes 1138 138 minutes 1139 139 minutes 1140 140 minutes 1141 141 minutes 1142 142 minutes 1143 143 minutes 1144 144 minutes 1145 145 minutes 1146 146 minutes 1147 147 minutes 1148 148 minutes 1149 149 minutes 1150 150 minutes 1151 151 minutes 1152 152 minutes 1153 153 minutes 1154 154 minutes 1155 155 minutes 1156 156 minutes 1157 157 minutes 1158 158 minutes 1159 159 minutes 1160 160 minutes 1161 161 minutes 1162 162 minutes 1163 163 minutes 1164 164 minutes 1165 165 minutes 1166 166 minutes 1167 167 minutes 1168 168 minutes 1169 169 minutes 1170 170 minutes 1171 171 minutes 1172 172 minutes 1173 173 minutes 1174 174 minutes 1175 175 minutes 1176 176 minutes 1177 177 minutes 1178 178 minutes 1179 179 minutes 1180 180 minutes 1181 181 minutes 1182 182 minutes 1183 183 minutes 1184 184 minutes 1185 185 minutes 1186 186 minutes 1187 187 minutes 1188 188 minutes 1189 189 minutes 1190 190 minutes 1191 191 minutes 1192 192 minutes 1193 193 minutes 1194 194 minutes 1195 195 minutes 1196 196 minutes 1197 197 minutes 1198 198 minutes 1199 199 minutes 1200 200 or more minutes 1999 Minutes, number missing 2000 Less than 1 hour 2001 1 hour 2002 2 hours 2003 3 hours 2004 4 hours 2005 5 hours 2006 6 hours 2007 7 hours 2008 8 hours 2009 9 hours 2010 10 hours 2011 11 hours 2012 12 hours 2013 13 hours 2014 14 hours 2015 15 hours 2016 16 hours 2017 17 hours 2018 18 hours 2019 19 hours 2020 20 hours 2021 21 hours 2022 22 hours 2023 23 hours 2024 24 hours 2025 25 hours 2026 26 hours 2027 27 hours 2028 28 hours 2029 29 hours 2030 30 hours 2031 31 hours 2032 32 hours 2033 33 hours 2034 34 hours 2035 35 hours 2036 36 hours 2037 37 hours 2038 38 hours 2039 39 hours 2040 40 hours 2041 41 hours 2042 42 hours 2043 43 hours 2044 44 hours 2045 45 hours 2046 46 hours 2047 47 hours 2048 48 hours 2049 49 hours 2050 50 hours 2051 51 hours 2052 52 hours 2053 53 hours 2054 54 hours 2055 55 hours 2056 56 hours 2057 57 hours 2058 58 hours 2059 59 hours 2060 60 hours 2061 61 hours 2062 62 hours 2063 63 hours 2064 64 hours 2065 65 hours 2066 66 hours 2067 67 hours 2068 68 hours 2069 69 hours 2070 70 hours 2071 71 hours 2072 72 hours 2073 73 hours 2074 74 hours 2075 75 hours 2076 76 hours 2077 77 hours 2078 78 hours 2079 79 hours 2080 80 hours 2081 81 hours 2082 82 hours 2083 83 hours 2084 84 hours 2085 85 hours 2086 86 hours 2087 87 hours 2088 88 hours 2089 89 hours 2090 90 hours 2091 91 hours 2092 92 hours 2093 93 hours 2094 94 hours 2095 95 hours 2096 96 hours 2097 97 hours 2098 98 hours 2099 99 hours 2100 100 hours or more 2999 Hours, number missing 3001 1 day 3002 2 days 3003 3 days 3004 4 days 3005 5 days 3999 Days, number missing 9995 Source comes to respondent 9996 No source known 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source (grouped) Like FPSRCTIME, for women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIMEGP (V382) reports the amount of time it takes to get to there, but the latter variable uses grouped intervals and is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 00 Mobile source 01 0 - 14 minutes 02 15 - 29 minutes 03 30 - 59 minutes 04 60 - 89 minutes 05 90 - 119 minutes 06 120 or more minutes 96 Don't know time 97 Don't know source 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 324. Do you intend to use, in the future, a family planning method to delay or avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 (GO TO 326) NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 330) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 327. When you would use a method, what method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 330) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Source of preferred future FP method, standardized 328. Where can you procure (METHOD CITED IN 327)? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 (GO TO 332) HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 (GO TO 332) HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 (GO TO 332) PHARMACY 22 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 (GO TO 332) OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 (GO TO 332) TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 334) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) DOESN'T KNOW 61 (GO TO 330) For women who plan to use a modern contraceptive method in the future, FPSRCFUTRS (V378) reports the intended source for their preferred future method. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Shop, church, friend, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Got Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinical/Pharm Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 334. In the last month, did you hear a message about family planning on: The radio? The television? RADIO? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 325. What is the main reason you do not intend to use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy? RECORD ALL THE REASONS MENTIONED. WANTS CHILDREN 01 (GO TO 330) LACK OF INFORMATION 02 (GO TO 330) PARTNER DISAPPROVES 03 (GO TO 330 TOO EXPENSIVE 04 (GO TO 330) SECONDARY EFFECTS 05 (GO TO 330) HEALTH PROBLEMS 06 (GO TO 330) HARD TO GET 07 (GO TO 330) RELIGION 08 (GO TO 330) OPPOSED TO FAMILY PLANNING 09 (GO TO 330) FATALISTIC 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER PEOPLE DISAPPROVE 11 (GO TO 330) INFREQUENT SEX 12 (GO TO 330) DIFFICULTY GETTING PREGNANT 13 (GO TO 330) MENOPAUSE/HYSTERECTOMY 14 (GO TO 330) INCONVENIENT TO USE 15 (GO TO 330) NOT MARRIED 16 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____17 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 707B. Do you know or have you ever heard of a disease called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 715) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 711. Is it possible that someone who appears to be in good health has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sexual intercourse 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSEX (V864A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with many partners 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUMANYPARS (V864B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with many partners. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with prostitutes 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUPROST (V864C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with prostitutes. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Not using condom 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUNOCON (V864D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through not using a condom. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Homosexual contact 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSAMESEX (V864E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through homosexual contact. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Blood transfusions 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBLOOD (V864F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through blood transfusions. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don’t know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Injections 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUINJ (V864G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through injections. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Kissing 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUKISS (V864H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through kissing. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Mosquito/insect bites 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBITE (V864I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through mosquito/insect bites. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Razor/shaving 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSHARP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through shaving/razors. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Other 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUOTH (V864X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through some "other" means. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific responses included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Don't know 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUDK (V864Z) indicates whether the respondent didn't know how a person can get HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 709. In your opinion, is there something a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 711) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 711) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding injections reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDINJLOWR (V754H) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding injections reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks limiting number of sexual partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDLIMITLOWR (V754L) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding multiple sexual partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks remaining faithful to partner(s) reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDFAITHLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported remaining faithful to one's partner(s) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times had sex in last 4 weeks Now I would like to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of family planning and fertility. 514. How many times did you have sexual intercourse in the last four weeks? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKNO (V526) reports the number of times the respondent had sexual intercourse in last 4 weeks. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times respondent usually has sex in a month 515. How many times a month do you usually have sexual intercourse? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKAVG (V533) reports the number of times the respondent usually has sex in a month. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Reaction of respondent to sexual experience questions 519. RECORD THE REACTION OF THE RESPONDENT: NOT BOTHERED 1 BOTHERED A BIT 2 HOSTILE 3 SXRESPREACT reports the respondent's reaction (not embarrassed, slightly embarrassed, or hostile) to the survey questions about sexual experience. 0 Not embarrassed 1 Slightly embarrassed 2 Hostile 8 Missing Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 712. Some people use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted illnesses. Have you ever heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center/post 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L ***** 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPUBHC (V762AB) indicates whether the woman reported a public health center or health post as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as HCMPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Due to variability in response category wording, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Church (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMCHURCH (V762AT) indicates whether the woman reported a "church" or "religious institution" (for example mosques and temples) as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPRIVMIS (faith-based health facility). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends/relatives (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMFRND (V762AU) indicates whether the woman reported "friends, acquaintances or relatives" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN1 indicates whether the woman reported a public health center as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN1 is combined with HCMSN2 (public health post) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN1 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health post (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN2 indicates whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN2 is combined with HCMSN1 (public health center) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN2 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections 701. Have you ever heard of an illness that can be transmitted sexually? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707B) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 704. During the last twelve months, have you had any of these illnesses? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707A) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 706. The last time you had one of these illnesses (NAME OF ILLNESSES), did you seek advice or treatment? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic/doctor 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M ***** 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital, clinic, or doctor for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Family planning clinic (private) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private family planning clinic, center, or association for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBFPC (public family planning clinic). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Chuch/Temple (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a church or temple for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Friend/relative (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADFRND indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from friends or relatives for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_ALL (M3A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELDOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELDOC_02, DELDOC_03, DELDOC_04, DELDOC_05, and DELDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELDOC_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care for last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_01 (M3A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (second to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (third to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_ALL (M3G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. DELTBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELTBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELTBA_02, DELTBA_03, DELTBA_04, DELTBA_05, and DELTBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELTBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELTBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELTBA_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_01 (M3G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for second to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for third to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTRBA_ALL (M3F_x) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave delivery care. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELTRBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELTRBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELTRBA_02, DELTRBA_03, DELTRBA_04, DELTRBA_05, and DELTRBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELTRBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELTRBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELTRBA_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTRBA_01 (M3F_1) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave delivery care (for the last birth). Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for second to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for third to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_ALL (M3K_x) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELOTH_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELOTH_02, DELOTH_03, DELOTH_04, DELOTH_05, and DELOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELOTH_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_01 (M3K_1) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for second to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for third to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_ALL (M3N_x) indicates whether no one assisted with the delivery. DELNONE_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNONE_02, DELNONE_03, DELNONE_04, DELNONE_05, and DELNONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELNONE_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_01 (M3N_1) indicates whether no one assisted with delivery (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (second to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (third to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPL_ALL (M15_x) reports where she delivered her child. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. DELPL_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPL_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPL_02, DELPL_03, DELPL_04, DELPL_05, and DELPL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELPL_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (last birth) 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 See DELPL_ALL. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (second to last birth) 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 5900 Othre religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2433 Community midwife Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (third to last birth) 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fourth to last birth) 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fifth to last birth) 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 3530 Private health post 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (sixth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 3530 Private health post 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOMES 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For women who gave birth in the last five years, DELSN3_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. DELSN3_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELSN3_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELSN3_02, DELSN3_03, DELSN3_04, DELSN3_05, and DELSN3_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELSN3_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELSN3_ALL available Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care for last birth (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care for second to last birth (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care for third to last birth (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care for fourth to last birth (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care for fifth to last birth (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARE_ALL indicates whether the woman received antenatal care. ANCARE_ALL variables are the inverse of the ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_X) variables. ANCARE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARE_02, ANCARE_03, ANCARE_04, ANCARE_05, and ANCARE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 ANCARE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARD_ALL (M12_x) indicates whether they received an antenatal card for a pregnancy. Those who did not see anyone for antenatal care were assumed to have no antenatal card. ANCARD_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARD_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARD_02, ANCARD_03, ANCARD_04, ANCARD_05, and ANCARD_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For most surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARD_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARD_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (last birth) 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARD_01 (M12_1) indicates whether they received an antenatal card (for the last birth). Those who did not see anyone for antenatal care were assumed to have no antenatal card. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (second to last birth) 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (third to last birth) 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and saw someone for antenatal care (ANCARE_ALL), ANVISMO_ALL (M13_x) reports the timing of the first antenatal visit, in months from the start of the pregnancy. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISMO_02, ANVISMO_03, ANVISMO_04, ANVISMO_05, and ANVISMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISMO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISMO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (last birth) 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISMO_ALL. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (second to last birth) 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (third to last birth) 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fourth to last birth) 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fifth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (sixth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANVISNO_ALL (M14_x) reports the number of antenatal visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISNO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNO_02, ANVISNO_03, ANVISNO_04, ANVISNO_05, and ANVISNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNO_ALL. 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 84 84 85 85 83 83 81 81 82 82 79 79 80 80 78 78 77 77 76 76 74 74 75 75 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (second to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (third to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20_ALL reports the number of antenatal visits, topcoded at 20+ visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variables for ANVISNO_ALL supply the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. ANVISNOTOP20_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNOTOP20_02, ANVISNOTOP20_03, ANVISNOTOP20_04, ANVISNOTOP20_05, and ANVISNOTOP20_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNOTOP20_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNOTOP20_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNOTOP20_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy, topcoded at 20 (last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNOTOP20_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (second to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (third to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fourth to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fifth to last birth) 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREDOC_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREDOC_02, ANCAREDOC_03, ANCAREDOC_04, ANCAREDOC_05, and ANCAREDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a doctor was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREDOC_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREDOC_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_01 (M2A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_ALL (M2G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCARETBA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARETBA_02, ANCARETBA_03, ANCARETBA_04, ANCARETBA_05, and ANCARETBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARETBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a traditional birth attendant was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARETBA_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARETBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARETBA_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_01 (M2G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETRBA_ALL (M2F_x) indicates whether a trained traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care for the birth. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCARETRBA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARETRBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARETRBA_02, ANCARETRBA_03, ANCARETRBA_04, ANCARETRBA_05, and ANCARETRBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARETRBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARETRBA_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARETRBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARETRBA_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETRBA_01 (M2F_1) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_ALL (M2K_x) indicates whether some other type of person gave antenatal care. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of providers of antenatal care specified in a given survey. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREOTH_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREOTH_02, ANCAREOTH_03, ANCAREOTH_04, ANCAREOTH_05, and ANCAREOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from some other person was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREOTH_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREOTH_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_01 (M2K_1) indicates whether some other person gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_x) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. ANCARENONE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARENONE_02, ANCARENONE_03, ANCARENONE_04, ANCARENONE_05, and ANCAaRENONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARENONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARENONE_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARENONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARENONE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_01 (M2N_1) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (second to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (third to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_ALL indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth. ANTETNUS_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUS_02, ANTETNUS_03, ANTETNUS_04, ANTETNUS_05, and ANTETNUS_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUS_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on receipt of tetanus injections during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUS_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUS_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUS_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_01 indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (second to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (third to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fourth to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUSNO_ALL (M1_x) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS_ALL. ANTETNUSNO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUSNO_02, ANTETNUSNO_03, ANTETNUSNO_04, ANTETNUSNO_05, and ANTETNUSNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUSNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUSNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUSNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth (last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 See ANTETNUSNO_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (second to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (third to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government hospital (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public hospital as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health center (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health center as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health post (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health post as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private hospital/clinic (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private hospital or clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private doctor (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private doctor's office as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private pharmacy (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private pharmacy as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private nurse (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVNUR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private nurse's office as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Family planning center (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a family planning clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Auxiliary midwife (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWAUXMW indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported an auxiliary midwife as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Traditional healer (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWTRAD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a traditional healer as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Church (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a church as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Friend/relative (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWREL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a friend or relative as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Other (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported some other location as a place to receive antenatal care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Don't know 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing of any place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) For women who gave birth in the last five years, ANCARESN3_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse/midwife/health agent gave antenatal care for a recent birth. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. ANCARESN3_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARESN3_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARESN3_02, ANCARESN3_03, ANCARESN3_04, ANCARESN3_05, and ANCARESN3_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARESN3_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 ANCARESN3_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care for last birth (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care for second-to-last birth (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care for third-to-last birth (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care for fourth-to-last birth (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care for fifth-to-last birth (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 418. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 (GO TO 420) NO 2 (GO TO 421) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 422. Have you begun having sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX_ALL reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After saying "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. When women are the unit of analysis, all of their children's characteristics are reported using the index number of the birth history. For example, variables ending with "_01" always refer to the most recent birth. This means that BIDX_01 will always equal "1," BIDX_02 will always equal "2," and so on. Combined with CASEID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level (KR) and birth-level (BR) datasets. BIDX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIDX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIDX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIDX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIDX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIDX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (second-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (third-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventh-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (ninth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (tenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eleventh-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twelfth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twentieth-to-last-born child) 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBORD_ALL (BORD_x) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 equals the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. KIDBORD_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBORD_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBORD_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBORD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBORD_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBORD_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN_ALL (B0_x) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a singleton (single) birth. KIDTWIN_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDTWIN_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDTWIN_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDTWIN_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDTWIN_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDTWIN_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (second-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (third-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHMO_ALL (B1_x) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHYR_ALL (B2_x) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHYR_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHYR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHYR_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHYR_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) KIDDOBCMC_ALL (B3_x) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDDOBCMC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDDOBCMC_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDDOBCMC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX _ALL (B4_x) reports the sex of each birth reported by women of childbearing age. KIDSEX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDSEX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDSEX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDSEX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDSEX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDSEX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (second most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (third most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (ninth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (tenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eleventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twelfth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (thirteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventeenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighteenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (nineteenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twentieth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE _ALL (B5_x) indicates whether each birth reported by a woman of childbearing age is alive. KIDALIVE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDALIVE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDALIVE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDALIVE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDALIVE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDALIVE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (second most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (third most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (ninth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (tenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eleventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twelfth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (thirteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventeenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighteenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (nineteenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twentieth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ KIDAGEDEATH_ALL (B6_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 100: Days 200: Months 300: Years KIDAGEDEATH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ See KIDAGEDEATH_ALL. 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (second-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (third-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistent 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (ninth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Monoths: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (tenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) KIDAGEDIEDIMP _ALL (B7_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death in months (including imputed ages). KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (second-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (third-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventh-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (ninth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (tenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eleventh-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twelfth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (thirteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixteenth-to-last birth) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventeenth-to-last birth) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighteenth-to-last birth) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (nineteenth-to-last birth) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twentieth-to-last birth) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL (B13_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH_ALL). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (second-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (third-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventh-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (ninth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (tenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eleventh-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twelfth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twentieth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ KIDCURAGE_ALL (B8_x) reports the current age of the living child, in years, at the time of the survey. KIDCURAGE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDCURAGE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDCURAGE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDCURAGE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDCURAGE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDCURAGE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (second-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (third-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (ninth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (tenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eleventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twelfth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twentieth-to-last-born child) 34 34 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH_ALL (B9_x) reports the person with whom the child usually lives (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). KIDLIVESWITH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDLIVESWITH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDLIVESWITH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDLIVESWITH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (second-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (third-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (ninth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (tenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eleventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twelfth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twentieth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDAGEINFO_ALL (B10_x) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. KIDAGEINFO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEINFO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEINFO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEINFO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all inputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year- age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL (B11_x) reports the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months until the child was born, after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's next oldest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL relates to the child's older sibling, first-born children and twins of first-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPREMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL (B12_x) reports the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months, after the child was born, until the mother's next birth (i.e., before the child's next youngest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL relates to the child's younger sibling, last-born children and twins of last-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL consists of a set of nineteen separate variables, covering the second-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_02) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all but the most recent birth for a woman, up to a maximum of her twentieth birth. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to the twentieth births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had a 19th or 20th birth). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twentieth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWT_ALL (M19_x) reports the child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. BIRTHWT_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHWT_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BIRTHWT_02, BIRTHWT_03, BIRTHWT_04, BIRTHWT_05, and BIRTHWT_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BIRTHWT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHWT_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHWT_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (last birth) 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWT_01 (M19_1) reports the last-born child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (second to last birth) 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (third to last birth) 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (fourth to last birth) 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (fifth to last birth) 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (sixth to last birth) 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PREMATBR_ALL (M16_x) indicates whether the child was born on time or prematurely. PREMATBR_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PREMATBR_01) up to the sixth most recent birth (PREMATRBR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PREMATRBR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PREMATBR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PREMATBR_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (last birth) 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PREMATBR_01 (M16_1) indicates whether the child was born on time or prematurely (for the last birth). 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (second to last birth) 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (third to last birth) 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (fourth to last birth) 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (fifth to last birth) 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Premature birth (sixth to last birth) 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_ALL (M10_x) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. CHDESIRE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIRE_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIRE_02, CHDESIRE_03, CHDESIRE_04, CHDESIRE_05, and CHDESIRE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIRE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIRE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (last birth) 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_01 (M10_1) indicates whether the last-born child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (second to last birth) 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (third to last birth) 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey and who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL_ALL (M11_x) reports the length of time they would have wanted to wait. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. CHDESIREL_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIREL_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIREREL_02, CHDESIREL_03, CHDESIREREL_04, CHDESIREL_05, and CHDESIREL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIREL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For nearly all samples, this information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. (See Comparability for information about exceptions.) In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIREL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 CHDESIREL_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (last birth) 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 See CHDESIREL_ALL. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (second to last birth) 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (third to last birth) 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 PPAMHMO_ALL reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_ALL, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_ALL. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. PPAMHMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMO_02, PPAMHMO_03, PPAMHMO_04, PPAMHMO_05, and PPAMHMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMHMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPAMHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (last births) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 PPAMHMO_01 reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_01, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (second to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (third to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fourth to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fifth to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 PPAMHMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_ALL. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_ALL. PPAMHMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMOC_02, PPAMHMOC_03, PPAMHMOC_04, PPAMHMOC_05, and PPAMHMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 1 PPAMHMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 PPAMHMOC_01 (M9_1) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_01. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (second to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (third to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fourth to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fifth to last birth) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG_ALL (M28_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. PPAMFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMFLAG_02, PPAMFLAG_03, PPAMFLAG_04, PPAMFLAG_05, and PPAMFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_ALL and PPAMHMOC_ALL, 1 PPAMFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (last birth) PPAMFLAG_01 (M28_1) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_01 and PPAMHMOC_01, 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMO_ALL (M8_x) indicates the duration, in months, of postpartum abstinence. Women who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO_ALL, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC_ALL. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMO_02, PPABMO_03, PPABMO_04, PPABMO_05, and PPABMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 See PPABMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (second to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (third to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fourth to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fifth to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence, including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_ALL also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMOC_02, PPABMOC_03, PPABMOC_04, PPABMOC_05, and PPABMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_01 (M9_1) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence (after the last birth), including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_01 also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_01 and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_01. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (second to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (third to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fourth to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fifth to last birth) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG_ALL (M29_x) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_ALL), for women who had resumed sexual relations after a birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. PPABFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABFLAG_02, PPABFLAG_03, PPABFLAG_04, PPABFLAG_05, and PPABFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (last birth) PPABFLAG_01 (M29_1) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_01), for women who had resumed sexual relations after their last birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Alright to have sex while breastfeeding 615. Should a mother wait until she has completely stopped breast feeding before beginning to have sexual intercourse again, or is this not important? WAIT 1 NOT IMPORTANT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 SEXBRSTFD (V609) indicates whether the woman thinks mothers should wait until they have stopped breastfeeding before resuming sexual relations after the birth of a child. 1 Wait 2 Doesn't matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JAN. 1992 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS OF ALL OF THESE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN THREE BIRTHS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES). Now I would like to some questions about the health of all of your children born in the last three years. (We will talk about each separately). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NO.____ FROM LINE 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING_____ DEAD_____ MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history 441. RECORD THE NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF EACH BIRTH SINCE THE FIRST OF JANUARY 1992 IN THE TABLE. ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT ALL THE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 3 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NUMBER__ FROM 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING (GO TO 460) DEAD (GO TO 480) HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, FEDNOTBRSMILK_ALL (M22_x) indicates whether her child was ever given water or anything else to eat or drink, other than breastmilk. Living children who are no longer breastfeeding are assumed to have been given food other than breastmilk. FEDNOTBRSMILK_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (FEDNOTBRSMILK_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., FEDNOTBRSMILK_02, FEDNOTBRSMILK_03, FEDNOTBRSMILK_04, FEDNOTBRSMILK_05, and FEDNOTBRSMILK_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If FEDNOTBRSMILK_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then FEDNOTBRSMILK_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 FEDNOTBRSMILK_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (last birth) 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, FEDNOTBRSMILK_01 (M22_1) indicates whether her child was ever given water or anything else to eat or drink, other than breastmilk (for the last birth). Living children who are no longer breastfeeding are assumed to have been given food other than breastmilk. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (second to last birth) 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (third to last birth) 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (fourth to last birth) 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (fifth to last birth) 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, AGEWATER_ALL (M24_x) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given water on a regular basis. AGEWATER_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGEWATER_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGEWATER_02, AGEWATER_03, AGEWATER_04, AGEWATER_05, and AGEWATER_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGEWATER_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in AGEWATER_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then AGEWATER_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 AGEWATER_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) See AGEWATER_ALL. 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water (sixth to last birth) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, AGEFORM_ALL (M23_x) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given baby formula or kinds of milk other than breast milk on a regular basis. AGEFORM_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGEFORM_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGEFORM_02, AGEFORM_03, AGEFORM_04, AGEFORM_05, and AGEFORM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGEFORM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in AGEFORM_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then AGEFORM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For some samples, noted in the Comparability section, this information was collected on only the last-born child (AGEFORM_01). 1 AGEFORM_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) See AGEFORM_ALL. 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 46 46 47 47 48 48 Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 50 50 49 49 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk (sixth to last birth) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, AGEOTHLIQ_ALL (M25_x) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given some other liquid on a regular basis. "Other" must be interpreted relative to the specific liquids and foods mentioned in a particular sample. AGEOTHLIQ_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGEOTHLIQ_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGEOTHLIQ_02, AGEOTHLIQ_03, AGEOTHLIQ_04, AGEOTHLIQ_05, and AGEOTHLIQ_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGEOTHLIQ_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in AGEOTHLIQ_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then AGEOTHLIQ_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 AGEOTHLIQ_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) See AGEOTHLIQ_ALL. 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids (sixth to last birth) 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last five years, AGEJUICE_ALL reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given fruit juice on a regular basis. AGEJUICE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGEJUICE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGEJUICE_02, AGEJUICE_03, AGEJUICE_04, AGEJUICE_05, and AGEJUICE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGEJUICE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 AGEJUICE_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last five years, AGETEA_ALL reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given herbal tea on a regular basis. AGETEA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGETEA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGETEA_02, AGETEA_03, AGETEA_04, AGETEA_05, and AGETEA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGETEA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 AGETEA_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 Less than one month 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, AGESOLID_ALL (M26_x) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given solid or mushy food on a regular basis. AGESOLID_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (AGESOLID_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., AGESOLID_02, AGESOLID_03, AGESOLID_04, AGESOLID_05, and AGESOLID_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If AGESOLID_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in AGESOLID_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then AGESOLID_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some samples, noted in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only (AGESOLID_01). 1 AGESOLID_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) See AGESOLID_ALL. 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (second to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (third to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (fourth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (fifth to last birth) 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food (sixth to last birth) 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 429. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 430. Yesterday, how many times did you breastfeed during the day? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 439. Did (NAME) drink something from a bottle yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breast feeding (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 433) BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for a birth, including cases where 1) the woman was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until its death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR_ALL on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the age at death. BRSFEDMO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDMO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDMO_02, BRSFEDMO_03, BRSFEDMO_04, BRSFEDMO_05, and BRSFEDMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDMO_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BRSFEDMO_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) See BRSFEDMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60(+) 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (second to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (third to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fourth to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fifth to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years and were no longer breastfeeding the child. BRSFEDUR_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDUR_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDUR_02, BRSFEDUR_03, BRSFEDUR_04, BRSFEDUR_05, and BRSFEDUR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDUR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDUR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. The related variable BRSFEDMO_ALL differs by including women who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT_ALL provides categorical information about breastfeeding, reporting whether the woman ever breastfed, and, if so, whether she is still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR_ALL during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. For Phase I, cases that exceeded the allowed maximum period were set to "Inconsistent." For Phase II forward, inconsistent durations were left in place, but such cases were flagged in BRSFDFLAG_ALL and were set to "Inconsistent" in BRSFEDMO_ALL. In Phase II only, for Model "A" countries, the "breastfed until died" category was not used. 1 BRSFEDUR_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) See BRSFEDUR_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (second to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (third to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fourth to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fifth to last birth) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_ALL (M27_x) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. BRSFDFLAG_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFDFLAG_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFDFLAG_02, BRSFDFLAG_03, BRSFDFLAG_04, BRSFDFLAG_05, and BRSFDFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFDFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFDFLAG_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFDFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x). 1 BRSFDFLAG_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (last birth) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_01 (M27_01) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_01 (M4_01). 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN ONE HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN DAYS. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1_____ DAYS 2_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and stopped breastfeeding their child, WHYSTBRFD_ALL (M21_x) reports why they stopped breastfeeding. Children who were breastfed until they died are coded 13 (Child died) as the reason for stopping breastfeeding. WHYSTBRFD_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (WHYSTBRFD_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., WHYSTBRFD_02, WHYSTBRFD_03, WHYSTBRFD_04, WHYSTBRFD_05, and WHYSTBRFD_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If WHYSTBRFD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then WHYSTBRFD_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 WHYSTBRFD_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (last child) 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 See WHYSTBRFD_ALL. 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 21 Nipple, breast problem 22 Insufficient milk 30 Mother busy 31 Mother working 32 Mother at school 33 Inconvenient 40 Child's attitude 41 Child refused 42 Child refused food 43 Child preferred bottle 50 Weaning age 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 61 Became pregnant 62 Started using method 63 Wanted to start method 64 Wanted another child 70 Other reason 71 Husband disapproved 72 Mother's figure concern 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (second to last child) 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (third to last child) 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (fourth to last child) 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (fifth to last child) 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (sixth to last child) 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 481. Have you ever heard of a special product called (LOCAL NAME) that you can get to treat diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Ever prepared ORS solution 483. Have you ever prepared a solution with one of these packets to treat diarrhea for yourself or someone else? SHOW THE PACKET. YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the 3 to 5 years before the survey and have heard of ORS (oral rehydration solution), ORSPREPEV (V422) indicates whether the respondent has ever prepared a solution from an ORS packet to treat diarrhea, either for herself or for someone else. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used in last 2 weeks 22 Used previously 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of information on preparing ORS for diarrhea treatment 488. Where did you learn to prepare the recommended liquid made at home with (RECOMMENDED INGREDIENTS) that you gave to (NAME) when s/he had diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For women who prepared ORS for their child's diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, ORSINFOSRC (V425) reports where she learned about preparing a homemade ORS fluid for diarrhea treatment. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 100 PUBLIC SECTOR 110 Government hospital 120 Government health center 121 Rural health center 130 Government mobile clinic 140 Government health post 150 Government health worker 151 Community health worker 152 Village health guide/worker 153 Government paramedic 154 First aid worker 155 Family welfare worker 156 Lady health visitor 160 Maternal child health (MCH) center 170 Government pharmacy/dispensary 200 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 210 Private hospital/clinic 220 Private doctor 230 Private pharmacy 240 Private mobile clinic 250 Private community health worker 300 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 310 Religious hospital/clinic 320 Religious health post 330 Religious pharmacy/dispensary 400 OTHER 410 Shop 420 Traditional practitioner 430 Friend/relative 440 Media 441 Radio 442 Printed material 443 TV 450 Immunization card 995 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Kilometers to ORS source 483D. How far is this place from your house? IF ON SITE OR LESS THAN 1 KM, RECORD '00'. DISTANCE IN KM_____ 98 KM OR MORE 98 ORSDISTANCE reports the distance in kilometers from the respondent to the ORS source. 00 Less than 1 km 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Travel time to ORS source 483C. How long does it take to go from your place to this place? IF LESS THAN 2 HOURS, RECORD THE RESPONSE IN MINUTES. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN HOURS. MINUTES 1_____ HOURS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 9998 ORSTRAVTIME reports the travel time (in minutes and hours) for the respondent to get to the ORS source. 100 Less than 1 minute 101 1 minute 102 2 minutes 103 3 minutes 104 4 minutes 105 5 minutes 106 6 minutes 107 7 minutes 108 8 minutes 109 9 minutes 110 10 minutes 111 11 minutes 112 12 minutes 113 13 minutes 114 14 minutes 115 15 minutes 116 16 minutes 117 17 minutes 118 18 minutes 119 19 minutes 120 20 minutes 121 21 minutes 122 22 minutes 123 23 minutes 124 24 minutes 125 25 minutes 126 26 minutes 127 27 minutes 128 28 minutes 129 29 minutes 130 30 minutes 131 31 minutes 132 32 minutes 133 33 minutes 134 34 minutes 135 35 minutes 136 36 minutes 137 37 minutes 138 38 minutes 139 39 minutes 140 40 minutes 141 41 minutes 142 42 minutes 143 43 minutes 144 44 minutes 145 45 minutes 146 46 minutes 147 47 minutes 148 48 minutes 149 49 minutes 150 50 minutes 151 51 minutes 152 52 minutes 153 53 minutes 154 54 minutes 155 55 minutes 156 56 minutes 157 57 minutes 158 58 minutes 159 59 minutes 160 60 minutes 161 61 minutes 162 62 minutes 163 63 minutes 164 64 minutes 165 65 minutes 166 66 minutes 167 67 minutes 168 68 minutes 169 69 minutes 170 70 minutes 171 71 minutes 172 72 minutes 173 73 minutes 174 74 minutes 175 75 minutes 176 76 minutes 177 77 minutes 178 78 minutes 179 79 minutes 180 80 minutes 181 81 minutes 182 82 minutes 183 83 minutes 184 84 minutes 185 85 minutes 186 86 minutes 187 87 minutes 188 88 minutes 189 89 minutes 190 90 minutes 191 91 minutes 192 92 minutes 193 93 minutes 194 94 minutes 195 95 minutes 196 96 minutes 197 97 minutes 198 98 minutes 199 99 minutes 200 Less than 1 hour 201 1 hour 202 2 hours 203 3 hours 204 4 hours 205 5 hours 206 6 hours 207 7 hours 208 8 hours 209 9 hours 210 10 hours 211 11 hours 212 12 hours 213 13 hours 214 14 hours 215 15 hours 216 16 hours 217 17 hours 218 18 hours 219 19 hours 220 20 hours 221 21 hours 222 22 hours 223 23 hours 224 24 hours 225 25 hours 226 26 hours 227 27 hours 228 28 hours 229 29 hours 230 30 hours 231 31 hours 232 32 hours 233 33 hours 234 34 hours 235 35 hours 236 36 hours 237 37 hours 238 38 hours 239 39 hours 240 40 hours 241 41 hours 242 42 hours 243 43 hours 244 44 hours 245 45 hours 246 46 hours 247 47 hours 248 48 hours 249 49 hours 250 50 hours 251 51 hours 252 52 hours 253 53 hours 254 54 hours 255 55 hours 256 56 hours 257 57 hours 258 58 hours 259 59 hours 260 60+ hours 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private doctor 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDR (V424L) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private doctor as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDRUG (V424K) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug vendors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Traditional healer/practitioner (other) 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHL (V424T) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a traditional healer as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private hospital/clinic 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHOS (V424J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private hospital or clinic as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health center 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHC (V424B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public health center as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public hospital 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHOS (V424A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public hospital as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health post 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHP (V424C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Other 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSOTHER (V424X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" place as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 488B. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less food, the same amount of food, or more food? LESS FOOD 1 SAME AMOUNT OF FOOD 2 MORE FOOD 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 488A. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less liquid, the same amount of liquid, or more liquid? LESS LIQUID 1 SAME AMOUNT OF LIQUID 2 MORE LIQUID 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Baobab fruit 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADBAOBAB indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving baobab fruit from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Amulet/charm 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADCHARM indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving charms or amulets from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Gruel 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADGRUEL indicates whether the respondent received gruel from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. This information was collected in response to an open-ended question. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Leaves 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADLEAF indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving leaves from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Powder 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADPOWD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving powder from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Herbal tea 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADTEA indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving herbal tea from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Other 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving, from a traditional practitioner, some other treatment for her child's recent diarrhea. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Effectiveness of diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner 488F. Is this treatment for diarrhea efficient, not very efficient, not at all efficient? VERY EFFICIENT 1 EFFICIENT 2 NOT VERY EFFICIENT 3 NOT AT ALL EFFICIENT 4 DIATRADEFF reports how effective was the treatment received from a traditional practitioner to treat the respondent's child's recent diarrhea. 0 No effect 1 Not very effective 2 Effective 3 Very effective 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index number Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After asking "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. Combined with CASEID, BIDX uniquely identifies children within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX uniquely identifies children across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level and birth-level datasets. 07 7 08 8 09 9 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MEN'S SURVEY? YES 1 NO 2 MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULTS______ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY FILLED OUT 6 ILL/INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE______ INTERVIEWER NAME______ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWERS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN/RURAL ? URBAN 1 RURAL 2 URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DAKAR/REGIONAL CAPITAL/OTHER CITY/RURAL? DAKAR (DAKAR REGION NOT RURAL) 1 REGIONAL CAPITAL (THIES, KAOLACK, ZIGUINCHOR, ST. LOUIS, DIOURBEL) 2 OTHER CITY 3 RURAL 4 DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT LOCALITY OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS_____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in Dakar, another capital, a city, or village? IF A CITY, ASK THE NAME OF THE CITY. DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence To begin, I would like to ask you questions about yourself and your household. 102. Until the age of 12 years, did you like the majority of the time in big city, in a city or in a rural area? DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1986-2017 [integrated; GIS] GEO_SN1986_2017 indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (regions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2005-2017 Senegal samples have greater geographic detail available in their sample-specific variables. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Senegal can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Dakar, Thiès (West) 2 Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Louga, Kaffrine (Center) 3 Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou (North East) 4 Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sedhiou (South) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_SN1997 (V101_SN1997) indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 1997 Senegal survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There are also three integrated variables, GEO_SN1986_2017, GEO_SN2012_2014, and GEO_SN2015_2016, that provide spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_SN1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 1 West 2 Central 3 South 4 North East Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDSON OR GRANDDAUGHTER 06 FATHER OR MOTHER 07 FATHER-IN-LAW OR MOTHER --IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 CO-WIFE 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 NOT RELATED 98 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 223. Are you currently pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 225A) NOT SURE 8 (GO TO 225A) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity, Senegal 114. What is your ethnicity? WOLOF/LEBOU 01 POULAR 02 SERER 03 MANDINGUE/SOCE/MALINKE 04 DIOLA 05 SOLINKE/SARAKOLE 06 BAMBARA 07 MANJAAK 08 MANCAGNE 09 BALANT 10 OTHERS (SPECIFY) ______11 ETHNICITYSN (V131SN) is a variable specific to Senegal that reports the respondent's ethnic group. Responses to this variable differ across samples. See Comparability. 01 Wolof 02 Poular 03 Serer 04 Mandingue 05 Diola 10 Other, Senegalese 11 Soninke 12 Bambara 13 Manjaak 14 Mancagne 15 Balant 19 Other Senegalese, unspecified 20 Other, non-Senegalese 98 Missing Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 501. Are you currently married? YES 1 (GO TO 504) NO 2 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 503. Have you ever been in a union with someone? YES 1 (GO TO 509) NO 2 (GO TO 513) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marriage consummated 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MARCONSUM indicates whether the respondent's marriage was ever consummated. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 510. How old were you when you consummated your union with your first husband/partner? AGE_____ (GO TO 514) DOESN'T KNOW AGE 98 (GO TO 514) AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 505. Does your husband/partner have other wives besides yourself? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 504. Does your husband/partner live with you or elsewhere? LIVES WITH HER 1 LIVES ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to be sure that I have this right: You have had in TOTAL _____births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 228. At what time during the menstrual cycle does a woman have the best chance to get pregnant? DURING HER PERIOD 1 JUST AFTER HER PERIOD 2 IN THE MIDDLE OF THE CYCLE 3 JUST BEFORE HER PERIOD BEGINS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had unwanted pregnancy 619. Have you ever had an undesired pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 624) DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 624) UNWANTPGEV indicates whether the woman ever had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy. The question wording does not indicate whether the respondent wanted no more births at all or just did not want a birth at that time. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Reason did not want pregnancy 621. What is the main reason why you did not want this pregnancy? ECONOMIC REASON 1 NOT MARRIED 2 DID NOT WANT CHILDREN 3 ABANDONED BY PARTNER 4 HEALTH REASONS 5 WANTED TO REST 6 NO RESPONSE 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____8 UNWANTPGWHY reports the main reason why the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy did not want the pregnancy. 01 Economic reasons 02 Not married 03 Didn't want child 04 Partner left respondent 05 Health reasons 07 Wanted to space births 90 No response 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Result of unwanted pregnancy 620. What did you do about this pregnancy? BROUGHT IT TO TERM 1 FAILURE INTERRUPTION 2 INTERRUPTION 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 UNWANTPGRES indicates whether the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy went to term, failed to terminate the pregnancy, terminated the pregnancy, or is still pregnant. 1 Went to term 2 Failed termination 3 Termination 4 Other 5 Still pregnant 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 23. How many rooms in your household do you use to sleep in? NUMBER OF ROOMS _____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION NATURAL MATERIAL EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYLE OR LINO/ASPHALT 32 TILE 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 41 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 21. What kind of toilet facility do the members of your household use? FLUSH PERSONAL FLUSH 11 COMMUNAL FLUSH 12 PIT/LATRINE PIT 21 LATRINES 22 NO FACILITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____41 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of kitchen waste and trash 29. How is your household garbage disposed of? COLLECTED 1 BURIED 2 AUTHORIZED DEPOSITORY 3 WILD (NOT AUTHORIZED) DEPOSITORY 4 INCINERATION 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____6 HHWASTE reports how the household disposes of its kitchen waste and trash. The information in HHWASTE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 996 Non-resident 100 Waste collected 110 Collected from home 120 Collected from container in street 130 Collected by government 131 Regularly collected by government 132 Infrequently collected by government 140 Collected by community association 150 Collected by private company 160 Collected by trash truck, unspecified 161 Collected by animal drawn cart 200 Waste dumped 210 Authorized/civic dump 211 Private/NGO garbage dump 220 Dumped into nature/unauthorized site 221 Dumped into street or empty plot 222 Dumped into canal or drainage 223 Dumped in river 224 Dumped inside hole 230 Dumped in own compound 231 Dump, bury, burn in compound 300 Waste processed 310 Burned 320 Buried 330 Composted 340 Recycled 350 Fed to animals 400 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 121 Collected from central collection point 141 By community members, for municipality, at least weekly 142 By community members, for municipality, lt weekly 143 By community members, at least weekly 144 By community members, lt weekly Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash is collected before disposal 27. In what do you keep your household garbage? GARBAGE CAN WITH LID 1 GARBAGE CAN WITHOUT LID 2 PLASTIC BAGS 3 USED KITCHEN UTENSILS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 HHWASTECOLLECT reports where the household collects trash or garbage before the trash is disposed of--for example, in a covered trash can versus a plastic bag. Some households reported throwing garbage into the street or surrounding land immediately, rather than storing household waste for collection later. The information in HHWASTECOLLECT is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 42 Used kitchen utensils/pan 00 Thrown in street 10 Covered trash can 20 Uncovered trash can 30 Plastic bag 40 Other 41 Old newspapers 96 Non-resident 98 Missing Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash container is stored 28. Where do you put your household garbage before disposing of it? INSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 1 OUTSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 2 HHWASTESTORE reports where the household's garbage container is kept: in the kitchen, in the dwelling but outside the kitchen, or outside the dwelling. The information in HHWASTESTORE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 20 Outside dwelling 12 Elsewhere inside dwelling 11 In kitchen 10 Inside dwelling 30 Elsewhere, away from plot 96 Non-resident 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 17. What is the main source of water that the members of your household use to wash their hands and to wash the dishes? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/INDOOR 11 (GO TO 19) PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 21 (GO TO 19) OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 19) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 20. From where does the drinking water for your household come? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO THE DWELLING/YARD/LOT 11 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/ YARD/PLOT 21 OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 SAMEH2OSRC (V142) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. 8 Missing 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 0 No Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water (HH record) 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 With information taken from the household record, SAMEH2OSRCHH (HV203) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. The information in SAMEH2OSRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of dirty water by HH 26. How do you dispose of your waste water? SEWER SYSTEM 1 CLOSED CANAL 2 OPEN CANAL 3 IN THE SEA/RIVER/POND 4 HOLE DUG IN THE HOUSE 5 IN THE ROAD/NATURE 6 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 7 WTRDISPOSAL reports the household's main method of disposing of dirty water. The information in WTRDISPOSAL is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 10 Improved outlet 11 Sewers 12 Public sewer 13 In the gutter 14 Septic pit 15 Draining 16 Covered pipe waste 17 Grid/Downstream 20 Less improved outlet 21 Courtyard 22 Protected canal 23 Pit/cesspool 24 Open pipe waste 25 Hole 30 Natural outlet 31 Swallow-hole 32 River 33 Nature 34 Canal/river 35 Open canal 40 Other 98 Missing 26 In the street Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has transport equipment (van, van, bus, taxi) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 TRUCKVAN indicates whether any member of the household owns transport equipment, such as a truck, van, bus, or taxi. The related variable CAR may indicate ownership of a truck as well as private car ownership. The information in TRUCKVAN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has video player/recorder 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO indicates whether the household had video equipment, variously described as "a video," "a video player," "a video recorder," or "a video deck." The related variable DVDVCD includes equipment for playing videos as well as DVD and CD players for some samples. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 517D. What is (was) your (last) husband/partner's main kind of work? HUSBAND'S/PARTNER'S OCCUPATION_____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 517C. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Best interval between births 618. In your opinion, what is the best interval in months or in years between the birth of a child and the birth of the next child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 IDEALBTHINT (V615) reports the best number of months or years between the birth of one child and the birth of the next child, according to the respondent. IPUMS-DHS adopts the recoding system from DHS for IDEALBTHINT. Below is a description of the codes from the DHS Recode Manual for Phase 2: The first digit gives the units in which the respondent answered ("1" indicates months, "2" indicates years, and "9" indicates a special response), while the last two digits give the time in those units. If the units' value is 9 then the variable contains a special response, and if the duration value is greater than 90 this also indicates a special response. For example, code 996 is used for "other" answers, and code 299 would mean that the response was given in years but the actual duration was missing on the questionnaire. 169 69 months 168 68 months 165 65 months 164 64 months 163 63 months 162 62 months 161 61 months 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 299 Years, unspecified number 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 167 67 months 166 66 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 225 25 years General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed number of children with partner 612. Have you ever discussed with your partner how many children you would like to have? YES 1 NO 2 FERTPREFTLKH (V620) indicates whether the woman and her husband/partner have discussed the number of children they would like to have. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Do you approve or disapprove of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 NO OPINION 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 610. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever become pregnant while using FP 623. Have you ever gotten pregnant while using a contraceptive method? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPUSEPREG indicates whether the respondent has ever become pregnant while using a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Frequency women generally get abortions 624. In your opinion, do women have abortions never, sometimes, often, very often? NEVER 1 (GO TO 701) SOMETIMES 2 OFTEN 3 VERY OFTEN 4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 701) FPABORTGENFQ reports how frequently women generally get abortions, according to the respondent's stated belief. 0 Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Very often 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Contraception failed 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTFAILFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their method of contraception failed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Did not use contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTNOFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they did not use a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Lack of knowledge about contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDKFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they do not know about contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Partner/family opposed to FP 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOPP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their husband/family is opposed to family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Promiscuous sex 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTSEX indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they have promiscuous sex. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Other 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because of some other reason. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific response categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Don't know 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported she does not know why women get abortions. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 331. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 311. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 324) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Easy or difficult to get to FP source 333. Is it easy or difficult to get to the place where you feel most at ease? EASY 1 DIFFICULT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who know of a source where family planning can be obtained, FPSRCEASE (V383) indicates whether it is easy or difficult to get there. 1 Easy 2 Difficult 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source For women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIME (V381) reports the amount of time it takes them to get there in minutes, hours, or days. The complementary variable FPSRCTIMEGP also reports the amount of time to get to the source of family planning, but that variable is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 1000 Less than 1 minute 1001 1 minute 1002 2 minutes 1003 3 minutes 1004 4 minutes 1005 5 minutes 1006 6 minutes 1007 7 minutes 1008 8 minutes 1009 9 minutes 1010 10 minutes 1011 11 minutes 1012 12 minutes 1013 13 minutes 1014 14 minutes 1015 15 minutes 1016 16 minutes 1017 17 minutes 1018 18 minutes 1019 19 minutes 1020 20 minutes 1021 21 minutes 1022 22 minutes 1023 23 minutes 1024 24 minutes 1025 25 minutes 1026 26 minutes 1027 27 minutes 1028 28 minutes 1029 29 minutes 1030 30 minutes 1031 31 minutes 1032 32 minutes 1033 33 minutes 1034 34 minutes 1035 35 minutes 1036 36 minutes 1037 37 minutes 1038 38 minutes 1039 39 minutes 1040 40 minutes 1041 41 minutes 1042 42 minutes 1043 43 minutes 1044 44 minutes 1045 45 minutes 1046 46 minutes 1047 47 minutes 1048 48 minutes 1049 49 minutes 1050 50 minutes 1051 51 minutes 1052 52 minutes 1053 53 minutes 1054 54 minutes 1055 55 minutes 1056 56 minutes 1057 57 minutes 1058 58 minutes 1059 59 minutes 1060 60 minutes 1061 61 minutes 1062 62 minutes 1063 63 minutes 1064 64 minutes 1065 65 minutes 1066 66 minutes 1067 67 minutes 1068 68 minutes 1069 69 minutes 1070 70 minutes 1071 71 minutes 1072 72 minutes 1073 73 minutes 1074 74 minutes 1075 75 minutes 1076 76 minutes 1077 77 minutes 1078 78 minutes 1079 79 minutes 1080 80 minutes 1081 81 minutes 1082 82 minutes 1083 83 minutes 1084 84 minutes 1085 85 minutes 1086 86 minutes 1087 87 minutes 1088 88 minutes 1089 89 minutes 1090 90 minutes 1091 91 minutes 1092 92 minutes 1093 93 minutes 1094 94 minutes 1095 95 minutes 1096 96 minutes 1097 97 minutes 1098 98 minutes 1099 99 minutes 1100 100 minutes 1101 101 minutes 1102 102 minutes 1103 103 minutes 1104 104 minutes 1105 105 minutes 1106 106 minutes 1107 107 minutes 1108 108 minutes 1109 109 minutes 1110 110 minutes 1111 111 minutes 1112 112 minutes 1113 113 minutes 1114 114 minutes 1115 115 minutes 1116 116 minutes 1117 117 minutes 1118 118 minutes 1119 119 minutes 1120 120 minutes 1121 121 minutes 1122 122 minutes 1123 123 minutes 1124 124 minutes 1125 125 minutes 1126 126 minutes 1127 127 minutes 1128 128 minutes 1129 129 minutes 1130 130 minutes 1131 131 minutes 1132 132 minutes 1133 133 minutes 1134 134 minutes 1135 135 minutes 1136 136 minutes 1137 137 minutes 1138 138 minutes 1139 139 minutes 1140 140 minutes 1141 141 minutes 1142 142 minutes 1143 143 minutes 1144 144 minutes 1145 145 minutes 1146 146 minutes 1147 147 minutes 1148 148 minutes 1149 149 minutes 1150 150 minutes 1151 151 minutes 1152 152 minutes 1153 153 minutes 1154 154 minutes 1155 155 minutes 1156 156 minutes 1157 157 minutes 1158 158 minutes 1159 159 minutes 1160 160 minutes 1161 161 minutes 1162 162 minutes 1163 163 minutes 1164 164 minutes 1165 165 minutes 1166 166 minutes 1167 167 minutes 1168 168 minutes 1169 169 minutes 1170 170 minutes 1171 171 minutes 1172 172 minutes 1173 173 minutes 1174 174 minutes 1175 175 minutes 1176 176 minutes 1177 177 minutes 1178 178 minutes 1179 179 minutes 1180 180 minutes 1181 181 minutes 1182 182 minutes 1183 183 minutes 1184 184 minutes 1185 185 minutes 1186 186 minutes 1187 187 minutes 1188 188 minutes 1189 189 minutes 1190 190 minutes 1191 191 minutes 1192 192 minutes 1193 193 minutes 1194 194 minutes 1195 195 minutes 1196 196 minutes 1197 197 minutes 1198 198 minutes 1199 199 minutes 1200 200 or more minutes 1999 Minutes, number missing 2000 Less than 1 hour 2001 1 hour 2002 2 hours 2003 3 hours 2004 4 hours 2005 5 hours 2006 6 hours 2007 7 hours 2008 8 hours 2009 9 hours 2010 10 hours 2011 11 hours 2012 12 hours 2013 13 hours 2014 14 hours 2015 15 hours 2016 16 hours 2017 17 hours 2018 18 hours 2019 19 hours 2020 20 hours 2021 21 hours 2022 22 hours 2023 23 hours 2024 24 hours 2025 25 hours 2026 26 hours 2027 27 hours 2028 28 hours 2029 29 hours 2030 30 hours 2031 31 hours 2032 32 hours 2033 33 hours 2034 34 hours 2035 35 hours 2036 36 hours 2037 37 hours 2038 38 hours 2039 39 hours 2040 40 hours 2041 41 hours 2042 42 hours 2043 43 hours 2044 44 hours 2045 45 hours 2046 46 hours 2047 47 hours 2048 48 hours 2049 49 hours 2050 50 hours 2051 51 hours 2052 52 hours 2053 53 hours 2054 54 hours 2055 55 hours 2056 56 hours 2057 57 hours 2058 58 hours 2059 59 hours 2060 60 hours 2061 61 hours 2062 62 hours 2063 63 hours 2064 64 hours 2065 65 hours 2066 66 hours 2067 67 hours 2068 68 hours 2069 69 hours 2070 70 hours 2071 71 hours 2072 72 hours 2073 73 hours 2074 74 hours 2075 75 hours 2076 76 hours 2077 77 hours 2078 78 hours 2079 79 hours 2080 80 hours 2081 81 hours 2082 82 hours 2083 83 hours 2084 84 hours 2085 85 hours 2086 86 hours 2087 87 hours 2088 88 hours 2089 89 hours 2090 90 hours 2091 91 hours 2092 92 hours 2093 93 hours 2094 94 hours 2095 95 hours 2096 96 hours 2097 97 hours 2098 98 hours 2099 99 hours 2100 100 hours or more 2999 Hours, number missing 3001 1 day 3002 2 days 3003 3 days 3004 4 days 3005 5 days 3999 Days, number missing 9995 Source comes to respondent 9996 No source known 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source (grouped) Like FPSRCTIME, for women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIMEGP (V382) reports the amount of time it takes to get to there, but the latter variable uses grouped intervals and is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 00 Mobile source 01 0 - 14 minutes 02 15 - 29 minutes 03 30 - 59 minutes 04 60 - 89 minutes 05 90 - 119 minutes 06 120 or more minutes 96 Don't know time 97 Don't know source 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 324. Do you intend to use, in the future, a family planning method to delay or avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 (GO TO 326) NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 330) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 327. When you would use a method, what method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 330) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Source of preferred future FP method, standardized 328. Where can you procure (METHOD CITED IN 327)? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 (GO TO 332) HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 (GO TO 332) HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 (GO TO 332) PHARMACY 22 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 (GO TO 332) OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 (GO TO 332) TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 334) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) DOESN'T KNOW 61 (GO TO 330) For women who plan to use a modern contraceptive method in the future, FPSRCFUTRS (V378) reports the intended source for their preferred future method. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Shop, church, friend, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Got Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinical/Pharm Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 334. In the last month, did you hear a message about family planning on: The radio? The television? RADIO? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 325. What is the main reason you do not intend to use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy? RECORD ALL THE REASONS MENTIONED. WANTS CHILDREN 01 (GO TO 330) LACK OF INFORMATION 02 (GO TO 330) PARTNER DISAPPROVES 03 (GO TO 330 TOO EXPENSIVE 04 (GO TO 330) SECONDARY EFFECTS 05 (GO TO 330) HEALTH PROBLEMS 06 (GO TO 330) HARD TO GET 07 (GO TO 330) RELIGION 08 (GO TO 330) OPPOSED TO FAMILY PLANNING 09 (GO TO 330) FATALISTIC 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER PEOPLE DISAPPROVE 11 (GO TO 330) INFREQUENT SEX 12 (GO TO 330) DIFFICULTY GETTING PREGNANT 13 (GO TO 330) MENOPAUSE/HYSTERECTOMY 14 (GO TO 330) INCONVENIENT TO USE 15 (GO TO 330) NOT MARRIED 16 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____17 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 707B. Do you know or have you ever heard of a disease called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 715) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 711. Is it possible that someone who appears to be in good health has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sexual intercourse 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSEX (V864A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with many partners 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUMANYPARS (V864B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with many partners. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with prostitutes 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUPROST (V864C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with prostitutes. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Not using condom 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUNOCON (V864D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through not using a condom. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Homosexual contact 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSAMESEX (V864E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through homosexual contact. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Blood transfusions 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBLOOD (V864F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through blood transfusions. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don’t know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Injections 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUINJ (V864G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through injections. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Kissing 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUKISS (V864H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through kissing. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Mosquito/insect bites 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBITE (V864I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through mosquito/insect bites. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Razor/shaving 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSHARP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through shaving/razors. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Other 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUOTH (V864X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through some "other" means. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific responses included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Don't know 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUDK (V864Z) indicates whether the respondent didn't know how a person can get HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 709. In your opinion, is there something a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 711) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 711) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding injections reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDINJLOWR (V754H) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding injections reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks limiting number of sexual partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDLIMITLOWR (V754L) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding multiple sexual partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks remaining faithful to partner(s) reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDFAITHLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported remaining faithful to one's partner(s) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times had sex in last 4 weeks Now I would like to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of family planning and fertility. 514. How many times did you have sexual intercourse in the last four weeks? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKNO (V526) reports the number of times the respondent had sexual intercourse in last 4 weeks. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times respondent usually has sex in a month 515. How many times a month do you usually have sexual intercourse? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKAVG (V533) reports the number of times the respondent usually has sex in a month. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Reaction of respondent to sexual experience questions 519. RECORD THE REACTION OF THE RESPONDENT: NOT BOTHERED 1 BOTHERED A BIT 2 HOSTILE 3 SXRESPREACT reports the respondent's reaction (not embarrassed, slightly embarrassed, or hostile) to the survey questions about sexual experience. 0 Not embarrassed 1 Slightly embarrassed 2 Hostile 8 Missing Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 712. Some people use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted illnesses. Have you ever heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Church (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMCHURCH (V762AT) indicates whether the woman reported a "church" or "religious institution" (for example mosques and temples) as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPRIVMIS (faith-based health facility). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends/relatives (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMFRND (V762AU) indicates whether the woman reported "friends, acquaintances or relatives" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN1 indicates whether the woman reported a public health center as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN1 is combined with HCMSN2 (public health post) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN1 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health post (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN2 indicates whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN2 is combined with HCMSN1 (public health center) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN2 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections 701. Have you ever heard of an illness that can be transmitted sexually? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707B) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 704. During the last twelve months, have you had any of these illnesses? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707A) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 706. The last time you had one of these illnesses (NAME OF ILLNESSES), did you seek advice or treatment? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Family planning clinic (private) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private family planning clinic, center, or association for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBFPC (public family planning clinic). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Chuch/Temple (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a church or temple for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Friend/relative (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADFRND indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from friends or relatives for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government hospital (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public hospital as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health center (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health center as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health post (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health post as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private hospital/clinic (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private hospital or clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private doctor (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private doctor's office as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private pharmacy (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private pharmacy as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private nurse (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVNUR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private nurse's office as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Family planning center (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a family planning clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Auxiliary midwife (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWAUXMW indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported an auxiliary midwife as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Traditional healer (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWTRAD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a traditional healer as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Church (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a church as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Friend/relative (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWREL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a friend or relative as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Other (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported some other location as a place to receive antenatal care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Don't know 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing of any place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 418. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 (GO TO 420) NO 2 (GO TO 421) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 422. Have you begun having sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Alright to have sex while breastfeeding 615. Should a mother wait until she has completely stopped breast feeding before beginning to have sexual intercourse again, or is this not important? WAIT 1 NOT IMPORTANT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 SEXBRSTFD (V609) indicates whether the woman thinks mothers should wait until they have stopped breastfeeding before resuming sexual relations after the birth of a child. 1 Wait 2 Doesn't matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JAN. 1992 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS OF ALL OF THESE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN THREE BIRTHS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES). Now I would like to some questions about the health of all of your children born in the last three years. (We will talk about each separately). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NO.____ FROM LINE 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING_____ DEAD_____ MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history 441. RECORD THE NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF EACH BIRTH SINCE THE FIRST OF JANUARY 1992 IN THE TABLE. ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT ALL THE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 3 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NUMBER__ FROM 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING (GO TO 460) DEAD (GO TO 480) HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 429. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 430. Yesterday, how many times did you breastfeed during the day? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 439. Did (NAME) drink something from a bottle yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breast feeding (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 433) BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN ONE HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN DAYS. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1_____ DAYS 2_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 481. Have you ever heard of a special product called (LOCAL NAME) that you can get to treat diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Ever prepared ORS solution 483. Have you ever prepared a solution with one of these packets to treat diarrhea for yourself or someone else? SHOW THE PACKET. YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the 3 to 5 years before the survey and have heard of ORS (oral rehydration solution), ORSPREPEV (V422) indicates whether the respondent has ever prepared a solution from an ORS packet to treat diarrhea, either for herself or for someone else. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used in last 2 weeks 22 Used previously 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of information on preparing ORS for diarrhea treatment 488. Where did you learn to prepare the recommended liquid made at home with (RECOMMENDED INGREDIENTS) that you gave to (NAME) when s/he had diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For women who prepared ORS for their child's diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, ORSINFOSRC (V425) reports where she learned about preparing a homemade ORS fluid for diarrhea treatment. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 100 PUBLIC SECTOR 110 Government hospital 120 Government health center 121 Rural health center 130 Government mobile clinic 140 Government health post 150 Government health worker 151 Community health worker 152 Village health guide/worker 153 Government paramedic 154 First aid worker 155 Family welfare worker 156 Lady health visitor 160 Maternal child health (MCH) center 170 Government pharmacy/dispensary 200 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 210 Private hospital/clinic 220 Private doctor 230 Private pharmacy 240 Private mobile clinic 250 Private community health worker 300 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 310 Religious hospital/clinic 320 Religious health post 330 Religious pharmacy/dispensary 400 OTHER 410 Shop 420 Traditional practitioner 430 Friend/relative 440 Media 441 Radio 442 Printed material 443 TV 450 Immunization card 995 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Kilometers to ORS source 483D. How far is this place from your house? IF ON SITE OR LESS THAN 1 KM, RECORD '00'. DISTANCE IN KM_____ 98 KM OR MORE 98 ORSDISTANCE reports the distance in kilometers from the respondent to the ORS source. 00 Less than 1 km 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Travel time to ORS source 483C. How long does it take to go from your place to this place? IF LESS THAN 2 HOURS, RECORD THE RESPONSE IN MINUTES. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN HOURS. MINUTES 1_____ HOURS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 9998 ORSTRAVTIME reports the travel time (in minutes and hours) for the respondent to get to the ORS source. 100 Less than 1 minute 101 1 minute 102 2 minutes 103 3 minutes 104 4 minutes 105 5 minutes 106 6 minutes 107 7 minutes 108 8 minutes 109 9 minutes 110 10 minutes 111 11 minutes 112 12 minutes 113 13 minutes 114 14 minutes 115 15 minutes 116 16 minutes 117 17 minutes 118 18 minutes 119 19 minutes 120 20 minutes 121 21 minutes 122 22 minutes 123 23 minutes 124 24 minutes 125 25 minutes 126 26 minutes 127 27 minutes 128 28 minutes 129 29 minutes 130 30 minutes 131 31 minutes 132 32 minutes 133 33 minutes 134 34 minutes 135 35 minutes 136 36 minutes 137 37 minutes 138 38 minutes 139 39 minutes 140 40 minutes 141 41 minutes 142 42 minutes 143 43 minutes 144 44 minutes 145 45 minutes 146 46 minutes 147 47 minutes 148 48 minutes 149 49 minutes 150 50 minutes 151 51 minutes 152 52 minutes 153 53 minutes 154 54 minutes 155 55 minutes 156 56 minutes 157 57 minutes 158 58 minutes 159 59 minutes 160 60 minutes 161 61 minutes 162 62 minutes 163 63 minutes 164 64 minutes 165 65 minutes 166 66 minutes 167 67 minutes 168 68 minutes 169 69 minutes 170 70 minutes 171 71 minutes 172 72 minutes 173 73 minutes 174 74 minutes 175 75 minutes 176 76 minutes 177 77 minutes 178 78 minutes 179 79 minutes 180 80 minutes 181 81 minutes 182 82 minutes 183 83 minutes 184 84 minutes 185 85 minutes 186 86 minutes 187 87 minutes 188 88 minutes 189 89 minutes 190 90 minutes 191 91 minutes 192 92 minutes 193 93 minutes 194 94 minutes 195 95 minutes 196 96 minutes 197 97 minutes 198 98 minutes 199 99 minutes 200 Less than 1 hour 201 1 hour 202 2 hours 203 3 hours 204 4 hours 205 5 hours 206 6 hours 207 7 hours 208 8 hours 209 9 hours 210 10 hours 211 11 hours 212 12 hours 213 13 hours 214 14 hours 215 15 hours 216 16 hours 217 17 hours 218 18 hours 219 19 hours 220 20 hours 221 21 hours 222 22 hours 223 23 hours 224 24 hours 225 25 hours 226 26 hours 227 27 hours 228 28 hours 229 29 hours 230 30 hours 231 31 hours 232 32 hours 233 33 hours 234 34 hours 235 35 hours 236 36 hours 237 37 hours 238 38 hours 239 39 hours 240 40 hours 241 41 hours 242 42 hours 243 43 hours 244 44 hours 245 45 hours 246 46 hours 247 47 hours 248 48 hours 249 49 hours 250 50 hours 251 51 hours 252 52 hours 253 53 hours 254 54 hours 255 55 hours 256 56 hours 257 57 hours 258 58 hours 259 59 hours 260 60+ hours 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private doctor 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDR (V424L) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private doctor as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDRUG (V424K) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug vendors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Traditional healer/practitioner (other) 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHL (V424T) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a traditional healer as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private hospital/clinic 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHOS (V424J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private hospital or clinic as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health center 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHC (V424B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public health center as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public hospital 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHOS (V424A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public hospital as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health post 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHP (V424C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Other 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSOTHER (V424X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" place as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 488B. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less food, the same amount of food, or more food? LESS FOOD 1 SAME AMOUNT OF FOOD 2 MORE FOOD 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 488A. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less liquid, the same amount of liquid, or more liquid? LESS LIQUID 1 SAME AMOUNT OF LIQUID 2 MORE LIQUID 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Baobab fruit 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADBAOBAB indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving baobab fruit from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Amulet/charm 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADCHARM indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving charms or amulets from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Gruel 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADGRUEL indicates whether the respondent received gruel from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. This information was collected in response to an open-ended question. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Leaves 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADLEAF indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving leaves from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Powder 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADPOWD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving powder from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Herbal tea 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADTEA indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving herbal tea from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Other 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving, from a traditional practitioner, some other treatment for her child's recent diarrhea. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Effectiveness of diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner 488F. Is this treatment for diarrhea efficient, not very efficient, not at all efficient? VERY EFFICIENT 1 EFFICIENT 2 NOT VERY EFFICIENT 3 NOT AT ALL EFFICIENT 4 DIATRADEFF reports how effective was the treatment received from a traditional practitioner to treat the respondent's child's recent diarrhea. 0 No effect 1 Not very effective 2 Effective 3 Very effective 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Maternity history index to birth history 402. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JAN. 1992 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS OF ALL OF THESE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN THREE BIRTHS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES). Now I would like to some questions about the health of all of your children born in the last three years. (We will talk about each separately). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NO.____ FROM LINE 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING_____ DEAD_____ MIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's maternity history. For children who are included in the maternity history (pregnancy and postnatal care section of the questionnaire, normally children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of MIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "For twins, the information in their entries will be identical for all variables relating to prenatal care." 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index number Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After asking "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. Combined with CASEID, BIDX uniquely identifies children within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX uniquely identifies children across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level and birth-level datasets. 07 7 08 8 09 9 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Health history index to birth history 441. RECORD THE NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF EACH BIRTH SINCE THE FIRST OF JANUARY 1992 IN THE TABLE. ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT ALL THE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 3 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NUMBER__ FROM 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING (GO TO 460) DEAD (GO TO 480) HIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's health history section. For children who are included in the health history (normally, children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of HIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). After asking, "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MEN'S SURVEY? YES 1 NO 2 MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) 715. RECORD THE TIME: HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULTS______ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY FILLED OUT 6 ILL/INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE______ INTERVIEWER NAME______ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWERS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN/RURAL ? URBAN 1 RURAL 2 URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DAKAR/REGIONAL CAPITAL/OTHER CITY/RURAL? DAKAR (DAKAR REGION NOT RURAL) 1 REGIONAL CAPITAL (THIES, KAOLACK, ZIGUINCHOR, ST. LOUIS, DIOURBEL) 2 OTHER CITY 3 RURAL 4 DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT LOCALITY OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS_____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in Dakar, another capital, a city, or village? IF A CITY, ASK THE NAME OF THE CITY. DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence To begin, I would like to ask you questions about yourself and your household. 102. Until the age of 12 years, did you like the majority of the time in big city, in a city or in a rural area? DAKAR 1 LARGE CITY 2 CITY 3 COUNTRYSIDE 4 FOREIGN COUNTRY 5 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1986-2017 [integrated; GIS] GEO_SN1986_2017 indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (regions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2005-2017 Senegal samples have greater geographic detail available in their sample-specific variables. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Senegal can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Dakar, Thiès (West) 2 Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Louga, Kaffrine (Center) 3 Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou (North East) 4 Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sedhiou (South) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_SN1997 (V101_SN1997) indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 1997 Senegal survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There are also three integrated variables, GEO_SN1986_2017, GEO_SN2012_2014, and GEO_SN2015_2016, that provide spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_SN1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 1 West 2 Central 3 South 4 North East Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDSON OR GRANDDAUGHTER 06 FATHER OR MOTHER 07 FATHER-IN-LAW OR MOTHER --IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 CO-WIFE 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 NOT RELATED 98 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 223. Are you currently pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 225A) NOT SURE 8 (GO TO 225A) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity, Senegal 114. What is your ethnicity? WOLOF/LEBOU 01 POULAR 02 SERER 03 MANDINGUE/SOCE/MALINKE 04 DIOLA 05 SOLINKE/SARAKOLE 06 BAMBARA 07 MANJAAK 08 MANCAGNE 09 BALANT 10 OTHERS (SPECIFY) ______11 ETHNICITYSN (V131SN) is a variable specific to Senegal that reports the respondent's ethnic group. Responses to this variable differ across samples. See Comparability. 01 Wolof 02 Poular 03 Serer 04 Mandingue 05 Diola 10 Other, Senegalese 11 Soninke 12 Bambara 13 Manjaak 14 Mancagne 15 Balant 19 Other Senegalese, unspecified 20 Other, non-Senegalese 98 Missing Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 501. Are you currently married? YES 1 (GO TO 504) NO 2 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 503. Have you ever been in a union with someone? YES 1 (GO TO 509) NO 2 (GO TO 513) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marriage consummated 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MARCONSUM indicates whether the respondent's marriage was ever consummated. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 510. How old were you when you consummated your union with your first husband/partner? AGE_____ (GO TO 514) DOESN'T KNOW AGE 98 (GO TO 514) AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 509. In which month and in which year did you consummate your union for the first time with your (first) husband/partner? MONTH_____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR_____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT CONSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 513) MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 505. Does your husband/partner have other wives besides yourself? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 504. Does your husband/partner live with you or elsewhere? LIVES WITH HER 1 LIVES ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to be sure that I have this right: You have had in TOTAL _____births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to make a list of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD THE NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS AND TRIPLETS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? How many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE _____ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE_____ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many sons have died? And how many daughters have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS DEAD_____ DAUGHTERS DEAD_____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 228. At what time during the menstrual cycle does a woman have the best chance to get pregnant? DURING HER PERIOD 1 JUST AFTER HER PERIOD 2 IN THE MIDDLE OF THE CYCLE 3 JUST BEFORE HER PERIOD BEGINS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? How many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME_____ DAUGHTERS AT HOME_____ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 224. How many months pregnant are you? NUMBER OF MONTHS_____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had unwanted pregnancy 619. Have you ever had an undesired pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 624) DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 624) UNWANTPGEV indicates whether the woman ever had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy. The question wording does not indicate whether the respondent wanted no more births at all or just did not want a birth at that time. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Reason did not want pregnancy 621. What is the main reason why you did not want this pregnancy? ECONOMIC REASON 1 NOT MARRIED 2 DID NOT WANT CHILDREN 3 ABANDONED BY PARTNER 4 HEALTH REASONS 5 WANTED TO REST 6 NO RESPONSE 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____8 UNWANTPGWHY reports the main reason why the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy did not want the pregnancy. 01 Economic reasons 02 Not married 03 Didn't want child 04 Partner left respondent 05 Health reasons 07 Wanted to space births 90 No response 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Result of unwanted pregnancy 620. What did you do about this pregnancy? BROUGHT IT TO TERM 1 FAILURE INTERRUPTION 2 INTERRUPTION 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 UNWANTPGRES indicates whether the woman who had an unwanted or unintended pregnancy went to term, failed to terminate the pregnancy, terminated the pregnancy, or is still pregnant. 1 Went to term 2 Failed termination 3 Termination 4 Other 5 Still pregnant 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 23. How many rooms in your household do you use to sleep in? NUMBER OF ROOMS _____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION NATURAL MATERIAL EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYLE OR LINO/ASPHALT 32 TILE 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 41 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 21. What kind of toilet facility do the members of your household use? FLUSH PERSONAL FLUSH 11 COMMUNAL FLUSH 12 PIT/LATRINE PIT 21 LATRINES 22 NO FACILITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____41 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of kitchen waste and trash 29. How is your household garbage disposed of? COLLECTED 1 BURIED 2 AUTHORIZED DEPOSITORY 3 WILD (NOT AUTHORIZED) DEPOSITORY 4 INCINERATION 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____6 HHWASTE reports how the household disposes of its kitchen waste and trash. The information in HHWASTE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 996 Non-resident 100 Waste collected 110 Collected from home 120 Collected from container in street 130 Collected by government 131 Regularly collected by government 132 Infrequently collected by government 140 Collected by community association 150 Collected by private company 160 Collected by trash truck, unspecified 161 Collected by animal drawn cart 200 Waste dumped 210 Authorized/civic dump 211 Private/NGO garbage dump 220 Dumped into nature/unauthorized site 221 Dumped into street or empty plot 222 Dumped into canal or drainage 223 Dumped in river 224 Dumped inside hole 230 Dumped in own compound 231 Dump, bury, burn in compound 300 Waste processed 310 Burned 320 Buried 330 Composted 340 Recycled 350 Fed to animals 400 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 121 Collected from central collection point 141 By community members, for municipality, at least weekly 142 By community members, for municipality, lt weekly 143 By community members, at least weekly 144 By community members, lt weekly Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash is collected before disposal 27. In what do you keep your household garbage? GARBAGE CAN WITH LID 1 GARBAGE CAN WITHOUT LID 2 PLASTIC BAGS 3 USED KITCHEN UTENSILS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 HHWASTECOLLECT reports where the household collects trash or garbage before the trash is disposed of--for example, in a covered trash can versus a plastic bag. Some households reported throwing garbage into the street or surrounding land immediately, rather than storing household waste for collection later. The information in HHWASTECOLLECT is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 42 Used kitchen utensils/pan 00 Thrown in street 10 Covered trash can 20 Uncovered trash can 30 Plastic bag 40 Other 41 Old newspapers 96 Non-resident 98 Missing Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash container is stored 28. Where do you put your household garbage before disposing of it? INSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 1 OUTSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 2 HHWASTESTORE reports where the household's garbage container is kept: in the kitchen, in the dwelling but outside the kitchen, or outside the dwelling. The information in HHWASTESTORE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 20 Outside dwelling 12 Elsewhere inside dwelling 11 In kitchen 10 Inside dwelling 30 Elsewhere, away from plot 96 Non-resident 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 17. What is the main source of water that the members of your household use to wash their hands and to wash the dishes? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/INDOOR 11 (GO TO 19) PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 21 (GO TO 19) OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 19) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 20. From where does the drinking water for your household come? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO THE DWELLING/YARD/LOT 11 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/ YARD/PLOT 21 OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 SAMEH2OSRC (V142) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. 8 Missing 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 0 No Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water (HH record) 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 With information taken from the household record, SAMEH2OSRCHH (HV203) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. The information in SAMEH2OSRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of dirty water by HH 26. How do you dispose of your waste water? SEWER SYSTEM 1 CLOSED CANAL 2 OPEN CANAL 3 IN THE SEA/RIVER/POND 4 HOLE DUG IN THE HOUSE 5 IN THE ROAD/NATURE 6 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 7 WTRDISPOSAL reports the household's main method of disposing of dirty water. The information in WTRDISPOSAL is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 10 Improved outlet 11 Sewers 12 Public sewer 13 In the gutter 14 Septic pit 15 Draining 16 Covered pipe waste 17 Grid/Downstream 20 Less improved outlet 21 Courtyard 22 Protected canal 23 Pit/cesspool 24 Open pipe waste 25 Hole 30 Natural outlet 31 Swallow-hole 32 River 33 Nature 34 Canal/river 35 Open canal 40 Other 98 Missing 26 In the street Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has transport equipment (van, van, bus, taxi) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 TRUCKVAN indicates whether any member of the household owns transport equipment, such as a truck, van, bus, or taxi. The related variable CAR may indicate ownership of a truck as well as private car ownership. The information in TRUCKVAN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has video player/recorder 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO indicates whether the household had video equipment, variously described as "a video," "a video player," "a video recorder," or "a video deck." The related variable DVDVCD includes equipment for playing videos as well as DVD and CD players for some samples. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 114A. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you mainly do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 517D. What is (was) your (last) husband/partner's main kind of work? HUSBAND'S/PARTNER'S OCCUPATION_____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 517C. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 336. Do you listen to the radio at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 603. CHECK 216 AND 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: Now I have a few questions about the future. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? PREGNANT: Now I have a few questions about the future. After the child that you are expecting, would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 610) SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 610) NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 225. At the moment you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant at that time, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to become pregnant? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 NO OPINION 8 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 617. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Best interval between births 618. In your opinion, what is the best interval in months or in years between the birth of a child and the birth of the next child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 IDEALBTHINT (V615) reports the best number of months or years between the birth of one child and the birth of the next child, according to the respondent. IPUMS-DHS adopts the recoding system from DHS for IDEALBTHINT. Below is a description of the codes from the DHS Recode Manual for Phase 2: The first digit gives the units in which the respondent answered ("1" indicates months, "2" indicates years, and "9" indicates a special response), while the last two digits give the time in those units. If the units' value is 9 then the variable contains a special response, and if the duration value is greater than 90 this also indicates a special response. For example, code 996 is used for "other" answers, and code 299 would mean that the response was given in years but the actual duration was missing on the questionnaire. 169 69 months 168 68 months 165 65 months 164 64 months 163 63 months 162 62 months 161 61 months 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 299 Years, unspecified number 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 167 67 months 166 66 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 225 25 years General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 604. CHECK 223: NOT PREGNANT OR NOT SURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting, how long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ SOON/NOW 994 SAYS SHE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 995 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed number of children with partner 612. Have you ever discussed with your partner how many children you would like to have? YES 1 NO 2 FERTPREFTLKH (V620) indicates whether the woman and her husband/partner have discussed the number of children they would like to have. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Do you approve or disapprove of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 NO OPINION 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 610. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples who use a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever become pregnant while using FP 623. Have you ever gotten pregnant while using a contraceptive method? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPUSEPREG indicates whether the respondent has ever become pregnant while using a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Frequency women generally get abortions 624. In your opinion, do women have abortions never, sometimes, often, very often? NEVER 1 (GO TO 701) SOMETIMES 2 OFTEN 3 VERY OFTEN 4 DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE 8 (GO TO 701) FPABORTGENFQ reports how frequently women generally get abortions, according to the respondent's stated belief. 0 Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Very often 7 Don't know/No response 8 Missing General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Contraception failed 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTFAILFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their method of contraception failed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Did not use contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTNOFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they did not use a method of contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Lack of knowledge about contraception 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDKFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they do not know about contraception. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Partner/family opposed to FP 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOPP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because their husband/family is opposed to family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Promiscuous sex 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTSEX indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because they have promiscuous sex. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Other 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that women get abortions because of some other reason. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific response categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason women get abortions: Don't know 625. In your opinion, what are the reasons why women have abortions? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO RESPONSES MENTIONED FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION A NOT USING CONTRACEPTION B IGNORANCE OF CONTRACEPTION C OPPOSITION OF HUSBAND/FAMILY TO FAMILY PLANNING D CARELESS SEXUAL BEHAVIORS E OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____F DOESN'T KNOW/NO RESPONSE G FPABORTDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported she does not know why women get abortions. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 331. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 311. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 324) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 312. What method are you using? 312A. CIRCLE '07' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 324) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 324) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 324) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 318. CHECK 312: SHE/HE STERILIZED: Where did the sterilization take place? USES ANOTHER METHOD: Where did you get (METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 321) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 321) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 321) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 321) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 321) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 321) For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Easy or difficult to get to FP source 333. Is it easy or difficult to get to the place where you feel most at ease? EASY 1 DIFFICULT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who know of a source where family planning can be obtained, FPSRCEASE (V383) indicates whether it is easy or difficult to get there. 1 Easy 2 Difficult 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source For women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIME (V381) reports the amount of time it takes them to get there in minutes, hours, or days. The complementary variable FPSRCTIMEGP also reports the amount of time to get to the source of family planning, but that variable is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 1000 Less than 1 minute 1001 1 minute 1002 2 minutes 1003 3 minutes 1004 4 minutes 1005 5 minutes 1006 6 minutes 1007 7 minutes 1008 8 minutes 1009 9 minutes 1010 10 minutes 1011 11 minutes 1012 12 minutes 1013 13 minutes 1014 14 minutes 1015 15 minutes 1016 16 minutes 1017 17 minutes 1018 18 minutes 1019 19 minutes 1020 20 minutes 1021 21 minutes 1022 22 minutes 1023 23 minutes 1024 24 minutes 1025 25 minutes 1026 26 minutes 1027 27 minutes 1028 28 minutes 1029 29 minutes 1030 30 minutes 1031 31 minutes 1032 32 minutes 1033 33 minutes 1034 34 minutes 1035 35 minutes 1036 36 minutes 1037 37 minutes 1038 38 minutes 1039 39 minutes 1040 40 minutes 1041 41 minutes 1042 42 minutes 1043 43 minutes 1044 44 minutes 1045 45 minutes 1046 46 minutes 1047 47 minutes 1048 48 minutes 1049 49 minutes 1050 50 minutes 1051 51 minutes 1052 52 minutes 1053 53 minutes 1054 54 minutes 1055 55 minutes 1056 56 minutes 1057 57 minutes 1058 58 minutes 1059 59 minutes 1060 60 minutes 1061 61 minutes 1062 62 minutes 1063 63 minutes 1064 64 minutes 1065 65 minutes 1066 66 minutes 1067 67 minutes 1068 68 minutes 1069 69 minutes 1070 70 minutes 1071 71 minutes 1072 72 minutes 1073 73 minutes 1074 74 minutes 1075 75 minutes 1076 76 minutes 1077 77 minutes 1078 78 minutes 1079 79 minutes 1080 80 minutes 1081 81 minutes 1082 82 minutes 1083 83 minutes 1084 84 minutes 1085 85 minutes 1086 86 minutes 1087 87 minutes 1088 88 minutes 1089 89 minutes 1090 90 minutes 1091 91 minutes 1092 92 minutes 1093 93 minutes 1094 94 minutes 1095 95 minutes 1096 96 minutes 1097 97 minutes 1098 98 minutes 1099 99 minutes 1100 100 minutes 1101 101 minutes 1102 102 minutes 1103 103 minutes 1104 104 minutes 1105 105 minutes 1106 106 minutes 1107 107 minutes 1108 108 minutes 1109 109 minutes 1110 110 minutes 1111 111 minutes 1112 112 minutes 1113 113 minutes 1114 114 minutes 1115 115 minutes 1116 116 minutes 1117 117 minutes 1118 118 minutes 1119 119 minutes 1120 120 minutes 1121 121 minutes 1122 122 minutes 1123 123 minutes 1124 124 minutes 1125 125 minutes 1126 126 minutes 1127 127 minutes 1128 128 minutes 1129 129 minutes 1130 130 minutes 1131 131 minutes 1132 132 minutes 1133 133 minutes 1134 134 minutes 1135 135 minutes 1136 136 minutes 1137 137 minutes 1138 138 minutes 1139 139 minutes 1140 140 minutes 1141 141 minutes 1142 142 minutes 1143 143 minutes 1144 144 minutes 1145 145 minutes 1146 146 minutes 1147 147 minutes 1148 148 minutes 1149 149 minutes 1150 150 minutes 1151 151 minutes 1152 152 minutes 1153 153 minutes 1154 154 minutes 1155 155 minutes 1156 156 minutes 1157 157 minutes 1158 158 minutes 1159 159 minutes 1160 160 minutes 1161 161 minutes 1162 162 minutes 1163 163 minutes 1164 164 minutes 1165 165 minutes 1166 166 minutes 1167 167 minutes 1168 168 minutes 1169 169 minutes 1170 170 minutes 1171 171 minutes 1172 172 minutes 1173 173 minutes 1174 174 minutes 1175 175 minutes 1176 176 minutes 1177 177 minutes 1178 178 minutes 1179 179 minutes 1180 180 minutes 1181 181 minutes 1182 182 minutes 1183 183 minutes 1184 184 minutes 1185 185 minutes 1186 186 minutes 1187 187 minutes 1188 188 minutes 1189 189 minutes 1190 190 minutes 1191 191 minutes 1192 192 minutes 1193 193 minutes 1194 194 minutes 1195 195 minutes 1196 196 minutes 1197 197 minutes 1198 198 minutes 1199 199 minutes 1200 200 or more minutes 1999 Minutes, number missing 2000 Less than 1 hour 2001 1 hour 2002 2 hours 2003 3 hours 2004 4 hours 2005 5 hours 2006 6 hours 2007 7 hours 2008 8 hours 2009 9 hours 2010 10 hours 2011 11 hours 2012 12 hours 2013 13 hours 2014 14 hours 2015 15 hours 2016 16 hours 2017 17 hours 2018 18 hours 2019 19 hours 2020 20 hours 2021 21 hours 2022 22 hours 2023 23 hours 2024 24 hours 2025 25 hours 2026 26 hours 2027 27 hours 2028 28 hours 2029 29 hours 2030 30 hours 2031 31 hours 2032 32 hours 2033 33 hours 2034 34 hours 2035 35 hours 2036 36 hours 2037 37 hours 2038 38 hours 2039 39 hours 2040 40 hours 2041 41 hours 2042 42 hours 2043 43 hours 2044 44 hours 2045 45 hours 2046 46 hours 2047 47 hours 2048 48 hours 2049 49 hours 2050 50 hours 2051 51 hours 2052 52 hours 2053 53 hours 2054 54 hours 2055 55 hours 2056 56 hours 2057 57 hours 2058 58 hours 2059 59 hours 2060 60 hours 2061 61 hours 2062 62 hours 2063 63 hours 2064 64 hours 2065 65 hours 2066 66 hours 2067 67 hours 2068 68 hours 2069 69 hours 2070 70 hours 2071 71 hours 2072 72 hours 2073 73 hours 2074 74 hours 2075 75 hours 2076 76 hours 2077 77 hours 2078 78 hours 2079 79 hours 2080 80 hours 2081 81 hours 2082 82 hours 2083 83 hours 2084 84 hours 2085 85 hours 2086 86 hours 2087 87 hours 2088 88 hours 2089 89 hours 2090 90 hours 2091 91 hours 2092 92 hours 2093 93 hours 2094 94 hours 2095 95 hours 2096 96 hours 2097 97 hours 2098 98 hours 2099 99 hours 2100 100 hours or more 2999 Hours, number missing 3001 1 day 3002 2 days 3003 3 days 3004 4 days 3005 5 days 3999 Days, number missing 9995 Source comes to respondent 9996 No source known 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time to get to FP source (grouped) Like FPSRCTIME, for women who know of a source where contraception can be obtained, FPSRCTIMEGP (V382) reports the amount of time it takes to get to there, but the latter variable uses grouped intervals and is top-coded at 120+ minutes. 00 Mobile source 01 0 - 14 minutes 02 15 - 29 minutes 03 30 - 59 minutes 04 60 - 89 minutes 05 90 - 119 minutes 06 120 or more minutes 96 Don't know time 97 Don't know source 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to talk about the time when, for the first time you did or used something to avoid getting pregnant. 308. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN_____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 324. Do you intend to use, in the future, a family planning method to delay or avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 (GO TO 326) NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 330) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 327. When you would use a method, what method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 330) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Source of preferred future FP method, standardized 328. Where can you procure (METHOD CITED IN 327)? NAME OF PLACE_____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 (GO TO 332) HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 (GO TO 332) HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 (GO TO 332) PHARMACY 22 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 (GO TO 332) PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 (GO TO 332) OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 (GO TO 332) TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 (GO TO 334) CHURCH 33 (GO TO 334) FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 (GO TO 334) AUXILIARY 41 (GO TO 334) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 (GO TO 334) DOESN'T KNOW 61 (GO TO 330) For women who plan to use a modern contraceptive method in the future, FPSRCFUTRS (V378) reports the intended source for their preferred future method. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Shop, church, friend, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Got Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinical/Pharm Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD(S) (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 322. In which month and in which year did the sterilization take place? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ (GO TO 334) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 334. In the last month, did you hear a message about family planning on: The radio? The television? RADIO? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 325. What is the main reason you do not intend to use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy? RECORD ALL THE REASONS MENTIONED. WANTS CHILDREN 01 (GO TO 330) LACK OF INFORMATION 02 (GO TO 330) PARTNER DISAPPROVES 03 (GO TO 330 TOO EXPENSIVE 04 (GO TO 330) SECONDARY EFFECTS 05 (GO TO 330) HEALTH PROBLEMS 06 (GO TO 330) HARD TO GET 07 (GO TO 330) RELIGION 08 (GO TO 330) OPPOSED TO FAMILY PLANNING 09 (GO TO 330) FATALISTIC 10 (GO TO 330) OTHER PEOPLE DISAPPROVE 11 (GO TO 330) INFREQUENT SEX 12 (GO TO 330) DIFFICULTY GETTING PREGNANT 13 (GO TO 330) MENOPAUSE/HYSTERECTOMY 14 (GO TO 330) INCONVENIENT TO USE 15 (GO TO 330) NOT MARRIED 16 (GO TO 330) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____17 (GO TO 330) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 330) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Which ways or methods have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 302 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 302, ASK 303-303A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ___ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 (GO TO 305) FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 707B. Do you know or have you ever heard of a disease called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 715) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 711. Is it possible that someone who appears to be in good health has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sexual intercourse 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSEX (V864A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with many partners 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUMANYPARS (V864B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with many partners. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with prostitutes 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUPROST (V864C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse with prostitutes. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Not using condom 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUNOCON (V864D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through not using a condom. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Homosexual contact 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSAMESEX (V864E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through homosexual contact. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Blood transfusions 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBLOOD (V864F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through blood transfusions. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don’t know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Injections 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUINJ (V864G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through injections. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Kissing 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUKISS (V864H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through kissing. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Mosquito/insect bites 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUBITE (V864I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through mosquito/insect bites. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Razor/shaving 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUSHARP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through shaving/razors. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Other 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUOTH (V864X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent said a person can get HIV/AIDS through some "other" means. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific responses included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Don't know 708. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K DOESN'T KNOW L AIDTHRUDK (V864Z) indicates whether the respondent didn't know how a person can get HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 709. In your opinion, is there something a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 711) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 711) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding injections reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDINJLOWR (V754H) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding injections reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks limiting number of sexual partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDLIMITLOWR (V754L) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding multiple sexual partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks remaining faithful to partner(s) reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDFAITHLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported remaining faithful to one's partner(s) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 710. In your opinion, what can a person do to protect himself/herself from AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) 516. How long has it been since you last had sexual intercourse? DAYS 1_____ WEEKS 2_____ MONTHS 3_____ YEARS 4 _____ BEFORE THE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times had sex in last 4 weeks Now I would like to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of family planning and fertility. 514. How many times did you have sexual intercourse in the last four weeks? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKNO (V526) reports the number of times the respondent had sexual intercourse in last 4 weeks. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Times respondent usually has sex in a month 515. How many times a month do you usually have sexual intercourse? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ SX4WKAVG (V533) reports the number of times the respondent usually has sex in a month. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 517. How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time? AGE_____ FIRST TIME IN MARRIAGE 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions 518. OTHER PEOPLE PRESENT AT THIS MOMENT: CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MEN YES 1 NO 2 OTHER WOMEN YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Reaction of respondent to sexual experience questions 519. RECORD THE REACTION OF THE RESPONDENT: NOT BOTHERED 1 BOTHERED A BIT 2 HOSTILE 3 SXRESPREACT reports the respondent's reaction (not embarrassed, slightly embarrassed, or hostile) to the survey questions about sexual experience. 0 Not embarrassed 1 Slightly embarrassed 2 Hostile 8 Missing Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 712. Some people use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted illnesses. Have you ever heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Church (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMCHURCH (V762AT) indicates whether the woman reported a "church" or "religious institution" (for example mosques and temples) as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPRIVMIS (faith-based health facility). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends/relatives (other) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMFRND (V762AU) indicates whether the woman reported "friends, acquaintances or relatives" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN1 indicates whether the woman reported a public health center as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN1 is combined with HCMSN2 (public health post) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN1 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health post (Senegal) 714. Which place(s) do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J TRADITIONAL HEALER/WITCH DOCTOR K OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L HCMSN2 indicates whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMSN2 is combined with HCMSN1 (public health center) in HCMPUBHC (all public health centers and health posts) for the 1997, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016 Senegal samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMSN2 are encouraged to review HCMPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections 701. Have you ever heard of an illness that can be transmitted sexually? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707B) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 702. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 704. During the last twelve months, have you had any of these illnesses? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707A) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 705. Among these illnesses, which have you had? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 706. The last time you had one of these illnesses (NAME OF ILLNESSES), did you seek advice or treatment? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707A) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Family planning clinic (private) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private family planning clinic, center, or association for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBFPC (public family planning clinic). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Chuch/Temple (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a church or temple for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Friend/relative (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADFRND indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from friends or relatives for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 707. Where did you seek advice or treatment? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO RESPONSES GIVEN. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B HEALTH POST/ PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H CHURCH I FRIEND/RELATIVE J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____L DOESN'T KNOW M For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government hospital (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public hospital as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health center (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health center as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Government health post (public) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPUBHP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a public health post as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private hospital/clinic (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private hospital or clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private doctor (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private doctor's office as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private pharmacy (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private pharmacy as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Private nurse (private) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWPRIVNUR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a private nurse's office as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Family planning center (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWFPC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a family planning clinic as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Auxiliary midwife (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWAUXMW indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported an auxiliary midwife as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Traditional healer (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWTRAD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a traditional healer as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Church (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWCHURCH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a church as a place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Friend/relative (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWREL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a friend or relative as a source for receiving antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Other (other) 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported some other location as a place to receive antenatal care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Knows place for antenatal care: Don't know 225B. What places do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL D PHARMACY E PRIVATE DOCTOR F PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES G OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) H TRADITIONAL HEALER I CHURCH J FRIEND/RELATIVE K AUXILIARY L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M ANKNOWSRCDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing of any place to receive antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 418. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 (GO TO 420) NO 2 (GO TO 421) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 422. Have you begun having sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Alright to have sex while breastfeeding 615. Should a mother wait until she has completely stopped breast feeding before beginning to have sexual intercourse again, or is this not important? WAIT 1 NOT IMPORTANT 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 SEXBRSTFD (V609) indicates whether the woman thinks mothers should wait until they have stopped breastfeeding before resuming sexual relations after the birth of a child. 1 Wait 2 Doesn't matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JAN. 1992 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS OF ALL OF THESE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN THREE BIRTHS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES). Now I would like to some questions about the health of all of your children born in the last three years. (We will talk about each separately). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NO.____ FROM LINE 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING_____ DEAD_____ MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history 441. RECORD THE NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF EACH BIRTH SINCE THE FIRST OF JANUARY 1992 IN THE TABLE. ASK QUESTIONS ABOUT ALL THE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 3 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE). LINE NUMBER FROM 212: LINE NUMBER__ FROM 212 AND 216: NAME_____ LIVING (GO TO 460) DEAD (GO TO 480) HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 429. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 430. Yesterday, how many times did you breastfeed during the day? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 439. Did (NAME) drink something from a bottle yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breast feeding (NAME)? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 433) BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN ONE HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN DAYS. [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1_____ DAYS 2_____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 481. Have you ever heard of a special product called (LOCAL NAME) that you can get to treat diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Ever prepared ORS solution 483. Have you ever prepared a solution with one of these packets to treat diarrhea for yourself or someone else? SHOW THE PACKET. YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the 3 to 5 years before the survey and have heard of ORS (oral rehydration solution), ORSPREPEV (V422) indicates whether the respondent has ever prepared a solution from an ORS packet to treat diarrhea, either for herself or for someone else. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used in last 2 weeks 22 Used previously 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of information on preparing ORS for diarrhea treatment 488. Where did you learn to prepare the recommended liquid made at home with (RECOMMENDED INGREDIENTS) that you gave to (NAME) when s/he had diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For women who prepared ORS for their child's diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, ORSINFOSRC (V425) reports where she learned about preparing a homemade ORS fluid for diarrhea treatment. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 100 PUBLIC SECTOR 110 Government hospital 120 Government health center 121 Rural health center 130 Government mobile clinic 140 Government health post 150 Government health worker 151 Community health worker 152 Village health guide/worker 153 Government paramedic 154 First aid worker 155 Family welfare worker 156 Lady health visitor 160 Maternal child health (MCH) center 170 Government pharmacy/dispensary 200 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 210 Private hospital/clinic 220 Private doctor 230 Private pharmacy 240 Private mobile clinic 250 Private community health worker 300 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 310 Religious hospital/clinic 320 Religious health post 330 Religious pharmacy/dispensary 400 OTHER 410 Shop 420 Traditional practitioner 430 Friend/relative 440 Media 441 Radio 442 Printed material 443 TV 450 Immunization card 995 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Kilometers to ORS source 483D. How far is this place from your house? IF ON SITE OR LESS THAN 1 KM, RECORD '00'. DISTANCE IN KM_____ 98 KM OR MORE 98 ORSDISTANCE reports the distance in kilometers from the respondent to the ORS source. 00 Less than 1 km 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Travel time to ORS source 483C. How long does it take to go from your place to this place? IF LESS THAN 2 HOURS, RECORD THE RESPONSE IN MINUTES. OTHERWISE, RECORD IN HOURS. MINUTES 1_____ HOURS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 9998 ORSTRAVTIME reports the travel time (in minutes and hours) for the respondent to get to the ORS source. 100 Less than 1 minute 101 1 minute 102 2 minutes 103 3 minutes 104 4 minutes 105 5 minutes 106 6 minutes 107 7 minutes 108 8 minutes 109 9 minutes 110 10 minutes 111 11 minutes 112 12 minutes 113 13 minutes 114 14 minutes 115 15 minutes 116 16 minutes 117 17 minutes 118 18 minutes 119 19 minutes 120 20 minutes 121 21 minutes 122 22 minutes 123 23 minutes 124 24 minutes 125 25 minutes 126 26 minutes 127 27 minutes 128 28 minutes 129 29 minutes 130 30 minutes 131 31 minutes 132 32 minutes 133 33 minutes 134 34 minutes 135 35 minutes 136 36 minutes 137 37 minutes 138 38 minutes 139 39 minutes 140 40 minutes 141 41 minutes 142 42 minutes 143 43 minutes 144 44 minutes 145 45 minutes 146 46 minutes 147 47 minutes 148 48 minutes 149 49 minutes 150 50 minutes 151 51 minutes 152 52 minutes 153 53 minutes 154 54 minutes 155 55 minutes 156 56 minutes 157 57 minutes 158 58 minutes 159 59 minutes 160 60 minutes 161 61 minutes 162 62 minutes 163 63 minutes 164 64 minutes 165 65 minutes 166 66 minutes 167 67 minutes 168 68 minutes 169 69 minutes 170 70 minutes 171 71 minutes 172 72 minutes 173 73 minutes 174 74 minutes 175 75 minutes 176 76 minutes 177 77 minutes 178 78 minutes 179 79 minutes 180 80 minutes 181 81 minutes 182 82 minutes 183 83 minutes 184 84 minutes 185 85 minutes 186 86 minutes 187 87 minutes 188 88 minutes 189 89 minutes 190 90 minutes 191 91 minutes 192 92 minutes 193 93 minutes 194 94 minutes 195 95 minutes 196 96 minutes 197 97 minutes 198 98 minutes 199 99 minutes 200 Less than 1 hour 201 1 hour 202 2 hours 203 3 hours 204 4 hours 205 5 hours 206 6 hours 207 7 hours 208 8 hours 209 9 hours 210 10 hours 211 11 hours 212 12 hours 213 13 hours 214 14 hours 215 15 hours 216 16 hours 217 17 hours 218 18 hours 219 19 hours 220 20 hours 221 21 hours 222 22 hours 223 23 hours 224 24 hours 225 25 hours 226 26 hours 227 27 hours 228 28 hours 229 29 hours 230 30 hours 231 31 hours 232 32 hours 233 33 hours 234 34 hours 235 35 hours 236 36 hours 237 37 hours 238 38 hours 239 39 hours 240 40 hours 241 41 hours 242 42 hours 243 43 hours 244 44 hours 245 45 hours 246 46 hours 247 47 hours 248 48 hours 249 49 hours 250 50 hours 251 51 hours 252 52 hours 253 53 hours 254 54 hours 255 55 hours 256 56 hours 257 57 hours 258 58 hours 259 59 hours 260 60+ hours 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private doctor 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDR (V424L) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private doctor as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVDRUG (V424K) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug vendors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Traditional healer/practitioner (other) 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHL (V424T) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a traditional healer as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Private hospital/clinic 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPRIVHOS (V424J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a private hospital or clinic as a source for an oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health center 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHC (V424B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public health center as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in ORSPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public hospital 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHOS (V424A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a public hospital as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source for ORS: Public health post 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSPUBHP (V424C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the woman reported a public health post as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. Some samples in the "ORS" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Known source of ORS: Other 483B. What place do you know of? NAME OF PLACE _____ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) 12 HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC 13 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL 21 PHARMACY 22 PRIVATE DOCTOR 23 PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES 24 OTHER SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) 31 TRADITIONAL HEALER 32 CHURCH 33 FRIEND/RELATIVE 34 AUXILIARY 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____51 ORSOTHER (V424X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" place as a source for oral rehydration solution (ORS). The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. ORS is a typically used to treat dehydration in individuals with diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 488B. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less food, the same amount of food, or more food? LESS FOOD 1 SAME AMOUNT OF FOOD 2 MORE FOOD 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 488A. In general, when a child has diarrhea, should you give him/her less liquid, the same amount of liquid, or more liquid? LESS LIQUID 1 SAME AMOUNT OF LIQUID 2 MORE LIQUID 3 DOESN'T KNOW 4 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 488C. In your opinion, what signs indicate that you must bring a child who has diarrhea to a health establishment? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. VERY LIQUID STOOL A REPEATED VOMITING B INTENSE THIRST C DOES NOT EAT/DRINK WELL D FEVER E BLOOD IN STOOL F DOES NOT GET BETTER G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ H DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Baobab fruit 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADBAOBAB indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving baobab fruit from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Amulet/charm 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADCHARM indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving charms or amulets from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Gruel 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADGRUEL indicates whether the respondent received gruel from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. This information was collected in response to an open-ended question. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Leaves 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADLEAF indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving leaves from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Powder 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADPOWD indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving powder from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Herbal tea 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADTEA indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving herbal tea from a traditional practitioner to treat her child's recent diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner: Other 488E. What did the healer give you to treat diarrhea? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONDENT'S RESPONSES. POWDER A INFUSION B MONKEY BREAD C RICE BROTH D GUAVA LEAVES E AMULET F OTHER (SPECIFY) _____G DIATRADOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported receiving, from a traditional practitioner, some other treatment for her child's recent diarrhea. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Effectiveness of diarrhea treatment from traditional practitioner 488F. Is this treatment for diarrhea efficient, not very efficient, not at all efficient? VERY EFFICIENT 1 EFFICIENT 2 NOT VERY EFFICIENT 3 NOT AT ALL EFFICIENT 4 DIATRADEFF reports how effective was the treatment received from a traditional practitioner to treat the respondent's child's recent diarrhea. 0 No effect 1 Not very effective 2 Effective 3 Very effective 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether and when this child's pregnancy wanted 403. When you got pregnant with (NAME), did you want to get pregnant at that moment, wait until later or did you not want to have any more children? AT THAT MOMENT 1 (GO TO 405) LATER 2 DIDN'T WANT MORE CHILDREN 3 (GO TO 405) WITHOUT OPINION 8 (GO TO 405) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, CHDESIRE (M10) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Wanted then 2 Wanted later 3 No more wanted 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 404. How long would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1_____ YEARS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey to women who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL (M11) reports the length of time the mother would have wanted to wait for that pregnancy. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number unspecified 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS_____ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. RECORD THE TYPE OF BIRTH: SINGLE OR MULTIPLE? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR' PROBE: How old was (NAME) in months? RECORD IN DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; IN MONTHS IF LESS THAN 2 YEARS; OR IN YEARS DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ YEARS 3_____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: In what season was he/she born? MONTH_____ YEAR_____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCARE indicates whether the child's mother received any antenatal care while the child was in utero. This variable is the inverse of ANCARENONE (M2N). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal card for this pregnancy 406. Did they give you a health card for this pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 ANCARD (M12) indicates whether the child's mother received an antenatal card. Mothers who did not see anyone for antenatal care were assumed to have no antenatal card. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, card seen 12 Yes, card not seen 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCAREDOC (M2A) indicates whether a doctor gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCARETBA (M2G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCARETRBA (M2F) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCAREOTH (M2K) indicates whether some other (unspecified) person gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCARENONE (M2N) indicates whether the child's mother did not receive antenatal care while the child was in utero. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for this pregnancy: Months 407. How many months pregnant were you when you had your first prenatal consultation? MONTHS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, and whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero (ANCARE), ANVISMO (M13) indicates the timing of the mother's first antenatal visit during that pregnancy, in months from the start of the pregnancy. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNO (M14) reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNOTOP20 supplies the same material with a consistently applied top-code of 20+ visits. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 (or 20+) 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 (or 30+) 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 80 80 88 88 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero, topcoded at 20 408. How many times did you get consultation during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20 reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero, with values topcoded at 20+ visits. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNO supplies the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 ANTETNUS indicates whether the child's mother was given tetanus (toxoid) injections while the child was in utero, to avoid convulsions after birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth 410. During this pregnancy, how many times did you have this injection? NUMBER OF TIMES_____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANTETNUSNO (M1) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given to the mother while the child was in utero, to avoid convulsions after birth. For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave prenatal care (Senegal) 405. When you were pregnant with (NAME) did you consult someone for prenatal care? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH CARE WORKER/MIDWIFE/ NURSE B OTHER PERSON DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F (GO TO 409) ANCARESN3 indicates whether a nurse/midwife/health agent gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos 417. How much did (NAME) weigh? KILOGRAMS_____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BIRTHWT (M19) reports the child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child born prematurely or on time 413. Was (NAME) born prematurely or at term? AT TERM 1 PREMATURELY 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, PREMATBR (M16) indicates whether the child was born on time or prematurely. 00 On time 10 Premature 11 Less than 7 months 12 7 to 8 months 20 Overdue 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place child was delivered 411. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME RESPONDENT'S HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 HEALTH POST 23 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 41 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, DELPL (M15) reports where the child was delivered. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planning clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELDOC (M3A) indicates whether a doctor assisted with the child's delivery. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELTBA (M3G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant assisted with the child's delivery. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELTRBA (M3F) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant assisted with the child's delivery. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELOTH (M3K) indicates whether some other person assisted with the child's delivery. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNONE (M3N) indicates whether no one assisted with the child's delivery. 0 No, received care 1 Yes, received no care 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife/health agent gave delivery care (Senegal) 412. Who assisted you during the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO THE GIVEN RESPONSES. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DOCTOR A HEALTH WORKER/ NURSE /MIDEWIFE B OTHER PERSONNEL DOULA C TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDENT D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E NO ONE F For children born in the five years preceding the survey, DELSN3 indicates whether a nurse/midwife/health agent assisted with the child's delivery. This response category is country-specific to Senegal. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum abstinence 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPABMO (M8) indicates the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum abstinence after the child was born. Children with mothers who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC (M9). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG (M29) and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC. 93 Sex res/no duration 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 423. How long after the birth of (NAME) did you begin to have sexual intercourse again? DAY 1_____ MONTH 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, PPABMOC (M9) reports the calculated months of the child's mother's postpartum abstinence, including the duration for mothers who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC. 60 60+ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG (M29) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of mother's postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO), for mothers who had resumed sexual relations after the child was born (in the last three to five years). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea in months 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPAMHMO (M6) reports the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum amenorrhea after delivery of the child. Children whose mothers' periods had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO, but children whose mothers were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC (M7). The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 93 Pd. ret /no duration 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 420. For how long after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? DAYS 1_____ MONTHS 2_____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 PPAMHMOC (M9) reports the duration, in months, of mother's postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for children born in the three to five years preceding the survey. Mothers whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC. By contrast, only children of women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the mother's following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (code "96" in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea extended into her pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG (M28) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of the child's mother's postpartum amenorrhea, for children born in the three to five years before the survey. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO and PPAMHMOC, 1 No flag 2 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 4 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 6 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFEDUR (M4) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for those who are no longer being breastfed. The related variable BRSFEDMO (M5) differs by including children who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT provides categorical information about breastfeeding, by indicating whether children were ever breastfed, and, if so, whether they are still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. See the "Comparability" tab for more information regarding comparability across phases. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 433. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTH_____ UNTIL S/HE DIED 96 (GO TO 436) For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BRSFEDMO (M5) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, including cases where 1) the child's mother was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until his or her death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, the duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the child's age at death. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFDFLAG (M27) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on their duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR (M4). 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason mother stopped breastfeeding child 434. Why did you stop breast feeding (NAME)? MOTHER ILL/WEAK 01 CHILD ILL/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 BREAST/NIPPLE PROBLEM 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 WORK 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 GOT PREGNANT 09 BEGAN TO USE CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 For children who were born in the three to five years preceding the survey and whose mothers had stopped breastfeeding them, WHYSTBRFD (M21) reports why the mother stopped breastfeeding. Children who were breastfed until they died are automatically coded 13 (Child died) as the reason for stopping breastfeeding. 15 Improve child health 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 14 Child had diarrhea 96 Inconsistent 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 20 Breastmilk problem 30 Mother busy 31 Mother working 32 Mother at school 33 Inconvenient 40 Child's attitude 41 Child refused 42 Child refused food 43 Child preferred bottle 50 Weaning age 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 61 Became pregnant 62 Started using method 63 Wanted to start method 64 Wanted another child 70 Other reason 71 Husband disapproved 72 Mother's figure concern 95 Other Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (last birth) 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDANY24H (M39A) indicates whether the child ate any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDANY24H (V414) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods during the previous day. The related variable FEDANY24HX (M39) reports the number of times the child ate any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in the previous 24 hours. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child ever given anything other than breastmilk 436. Did you ever give (NAME) water or something else to eat (besides mother's milk)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 440) For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, FEDNOTBRSMILK (M22) indicates whether the child was ever given water or anything else to eat or drink other than breastmilk. Living children who are no longer breastfeeding are assumed to have been given food other than breastmilk. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for formula or other milk 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGEFORM (M23) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given baby formula or kinds of milk other than breast milk on a regular basis. 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for plain water 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGEWATER (M24) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given water on a regular basis. 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given this food 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for fruit juice 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGEJUICE reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given fruit juice on a regular basis. 00 Less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given this food 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for herbal tea 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGETEA reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given herbal tea on a regular basis. 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 95 Not given this food 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for other liquids 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGEOTHLIQ (M25) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given some other liquid on a regular basis. "Other" must be interpreted relative to the specific liquids and foods mentioned in a particular sample. 00 less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given this food 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Age (in months) for solid or mushy food 437. How many months old was (NAME) when you began to give him one of these foods or drinks regularly? Fresh milk/boxed milk (other than mother's)? Water? Quinquéliba? Fruit juice? Other liquids? Other solid or broth foods? IF LESS THAN A MONTH, RECORD '00.' FRESH MILK/BOXED MILK AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 WATER AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 QUINQUELIBA AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 FRUIT JUICE AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER LIQUIDS AGE IN MONTHS_____ NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 OTHER SOLID OR BROTH FOODS AGE IN MONTHS_____ (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) NEVER GIVEN REGULARLY 96 (FOR SECOND-TO-LAST BIRTH AND LATER BIRTHS, GO TO 440) AGESOLID (M26) reports the age, in months, at which the child was first given solid or mushy food on a regular basis. 00 less than one month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 95 Not given this food 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed plain water in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDWATER24H (M37A) indicates whether the child drank plain water during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDWATER24H (V409) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child water during the previous day. The related variable FEDWATER24HX reports the number of times the child drank plain water in the previous 24 hours. FEDWATERWKD (M40A) reports the number of days the child drank plain water during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed juice in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDJUICE24H (M37C) indicates whether the child drank juice during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDJUICE24H (V410) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child juice during the previous day. The related variable FEDJUICE24HX reports the number of times the child drank juice in the previous 24 hours. FEDJUICEWKD (M40C) reports the number of days the child drank juice during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed herbal tea in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDTEA24H (M37D) indicates whether the child drank herbal tea during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDTEA24H indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child herbal tea during the previous day. The related variable FEDTEA24HX reports the number of times the child drank herbal tea in the previous 24 hours. FEDTEAWKD (M40D) reports the number of days the child drank herbal tea during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed fresh milk in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDFRMILK24H (M37G) indicates whether the child drank fresh animal milk during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDTINMILK24H (M37E) indicates whether the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the previous day. The complementary variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, during the previous day. The related variable MAFEDFRMILK24H (V412) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child fresh animal milk during the previous day. The related variable FEDFRMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank fresh animal milk in the previous 24 hours. FEDFRMILKWKD (M40G) reports the number of days the child drank fresh animal milk during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed tinned or powdered milk in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDTINMILK24H (M37E) indicates whether the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDFRMILK24H (M37G) indicates whether the child drank fresh animal milk during the previous day. The complementary variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, during the previous day. The related variable MAFEDTINMILK24H indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child tinned or powdered milk during the previous day. The related variable FEDTINMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank tinned or powdered milk in the previous 24 hours. FEDTINMILKWKD (M40E) reports the number of days the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed other liquid in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDOTHLIQ24H (M37L) indicates whether the child drank other liquids during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHLIQ24H (V413) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child other liquids during the previous day. The related variable FEDOTHLIQ24HX reports the number of times the child drank other liquids in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHLIQWKD (M40L) reports the number of days the child drank other liquids during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed commercially fortified baby food/cereal in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDCEREAL24H indicates whether the child ate any commercially fortified baby food, such as Cerelac, during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDCEREAL24H (V412A) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any commercially fortified baby food during the previous day. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed porridge or gruel in past 24 hours 431. Did you give (NAME) any of the following foods yesterday or last night? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] WATER YES 1 NO 2 FRUIT JUICE YES 1 NO 2 BOXED/POWDERED MILK YES 1 NO 2 COW/GOAT MILK YES 1 NO 2 QUINQUELIBA YES 1 NO 2 OTHER LIQUID (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 GRAIN BROTH YES 1 NO 2 CERELAC YES 1 NO 2 SOLID FOODS YES 1 NO 2 FEDPORR24H indicates whether the child ate porridge or gruel during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDPORR24H (V412B) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child porridge or gruel during the previous day. The related variable FEDPORR24HX reports the number of times the child ate other porridge or gruel in the previous 24 hours. FEDPORRWKD reports the number of days the child ate porridge or gruel during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child had diarrhea recently 460. Has (NAME) had diarrhea during the past two weeks? YES 1 (GO TO 462) NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5, DIARRECENT (H11) indicates whether the child had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks. Question wording differences affect the comparability of DIARRECENT; see Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes, recently 21 Yes, last 24 hours 22 Yes, last 2-14 days 23 Yes, last two weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Days child's diarrhea lasted 463. How many days did the diarrhea last? IF LESS THAN 1 DAY, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF DAYS_____ For surviving children under age five who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIADAYS (H11A) reports the duration in days for which the last episode of diarrhea lasted. 97 Don't know 00 Less than 1 day 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 90 90+ 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Blood in child's stools during diarrhea 464. Was there blood in the stools? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age five who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIABLOODST (H11B) indicates whether there was blood in the child's stools. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Specific change in breastfeeding when child had diarrhea 466. When (NAME) had diarrhea, did you change the number of breast feedings/feedings? [ASK ONLY FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 468) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea and were still breastfed in the past 2 weeks, DIABFEDAMT (H18A) indicates whether the child was breastfed more, less, or the same amount as usual during the illness. Question wording and response categories vary across samples; see Comparability. 10 Unchanged 20 Increased 30 Reduced 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 40 Stopped completely 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed the same, more, or less fluid with diarrhea 468. Did you give him/her less or more to drink (besides breast milk) than before the diarrhea? SAME 1 MORE 2 LESS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAFLUIDUPDN (H38) reports whether the child was given more, less, or the same amount of fluid as usual during the illness. Question wording differences limit the comparability of DIAFLUIDUPDN across samples; see Comparability. 10 Same 20 Increase 30 Decrease 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 33 Nothing to drink 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received any treatment for diarrhea 469. Was something given to (NAME) to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 471) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 471) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATREANY (H21) is a summary variable indicating whether the child received any treatment for diarrhea. Based on standard DHS variables H11 to H21, DIATREANY indicates whether the child was taken to a public or private facility/practitioner for treatment and/or was given some medication (which could include a homemade sugar-salt-water solution) to treat the illness. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether no treatment or advice sought for child's diarrhea 471. Did you seek advice or treatment for the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 473) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRENONE (H12Y) indicates whether no treatment or advice was sought for the child's diarrhea. 0 No, received treatment 1 Yes, no treatment or advice sought 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child taken to medical facility for diarrhea treatment 471. Did you seek advice or treatment for the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 473) For young children with diarrhea in the last two weeks, DIATREMEDFAC (H12Z) indicates whether they were taken to a medical facility for treatment. Based on standard DHS variables H12A to H12X, DIATREMEDFAC indicates whether the child was taken to any of the facilities listed under the "Public Sector" and "Medical Private Sector" headers, except for Pharmacy. The exact sources of treatment included in this grouping may vary across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes, treatment at medical facility 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given antibiotics for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVANTIB (H15A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given antibiotics to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given unspecified injection for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVINJUNSPEC indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an unknown injection to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given an IV for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVIV (H15C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an IV (intravenous fluids) to treat this illness. The IV could have been used to deliver drugs and/or fluids to prevent dehydration and supply calories. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given pills or syrups (unspecified) for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVPILSYR (H15) indicates whether the child was given some unspecified other pills or syrup to treat this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific medications included in a given survey, For Phase 5 forward, the similar variable DIAGIVPILUNK reports whether the child was given an "unknown" type of pill or syrup to treat diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given home remedy or herbal medicine for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVHERB (H15D) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given home remedies or herbal medicines to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given oral rehydration for diarrhea 474. Did (NAME) receive a liquid prepared from a special powder to fight diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 476) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 476) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVORS (H13) indicates whether the child was given a sugar-salt-water solution or oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat this illness. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Yes, ORS - spontaneous 22 Yes, ORS - probed 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Days child given ORS for diarrhea treatment 475. During how many days did (NAME) receive (LOCAL NAME)? IF LESS THAN ONE DAY, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF DAYS _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For young children with diarrhea in the last 2 weeks, DIAGIVORSDAYS (H13A) reports the number of days they were given an oral rehydration solution (ORS). The related variable DIAGIVORS (H13) indicates whether the young child was given ORS at all to treat the diarrhea. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 96 Given at health facility 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given recommended home solution with salt and sugar for diarrhea 477. Did (NAME) get a liquid recommended by health care personnel and prepared at home with (RECOMMENDED INGREDIENTS) when s/he had diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 479) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 479) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVSOLUT (H14) indicates whether the child was given a recommended homemade solution to treat this illness. 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Days child given recommended home solution for diarrhea 478. During how many days did s/he receive prepared (RECOMMENDED INGREDIENTS) when s/he had diarrhea? IF LESS THAN ONE DAY, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF DAYS _____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIAGIVHOMSOLDAYS (H14A) reports the number of days the young child was given a recommended homemade solution to treat a recent episode of diarrhea. The related variable DIAGIVSOLUT (H14) indicates whether the young child was given a homemade solution at all to treat the diarrhea. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given other treatment for diarrhea 470. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD EVERYTHING MENTIONED. LIQUID FROM ORS PACKET A LIQUID MADE AT HOME B ANTIBIOTIC C OTHER PILL OR SYRUP D INJECTION E (IV) INTRAVENOUS/SERUM F HOMEMADE REMEDIES/MEDICINAL PLANTS G OTHER (SPECIFY) _____H For young children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVOTHER (H20) indicates whether they were given some "other" treatment for this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of diarrhea treatment specified in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given nothing as treatment for diarrhea 469. Was something given to (NAME) to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 471) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 471) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVNONE (H21A) indicates whether the child was given no treatment for this illness. 0 No, given some treatment 1 Yes, nothing given as treatment 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private hospital/clinic 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHOS (H12J) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private hospital or clinic. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private doctor 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDR (H12L) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a private doctor. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private doctors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDR. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Traditional Practitioner/Healer 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHL (H12T) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional healer or practitioner. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of traditional practitioners/healers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHL. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private pharmacy 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDRUG (H12K) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBDRUG and DIATROTHDRUG, which refer to public drug sources and informal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public hospital 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHOS (H12A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public hospital for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public health center 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHC (H12B) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health center for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Health post (public) 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHP (H12C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health post for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health posts that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Fieldworker (public) 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBFW (H12E) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public fieldworker for this illness. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPRIVFW ("fieldworker" under the private medical sector category). Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public fieldworkers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Friend/relative/neighbor 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRFRND indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a friend, neighbor, and/or relative. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Other 472. Where did you ask for advice or treatment? To anyone else? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES FOR ALL THE RESPONSES. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER/PMI (Protection Maternelle et Infantile) B HEALTH POST/FREE CLINIC C COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSONNEL D PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE CLINIC/HOSPITAL E PHARMACY F PRIVATE DOCTOR G PRIVATE NURSE/CONFES H OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR ASBEF (Senegalese Association for Family Well-Being) I TRADITIONAL HEALER J OTHER (SPECIFY) _____K For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATROTH (H12X) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" source. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Survey Text tab to better discern the exact meaning of "other" for samples of interest. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and DIATRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). DIATROTH includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier MCASEID is the unique identifier for each man in the men's sample for a given sample year. Using MCASEID and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001), analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use MCASEID and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the men's file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify men who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of MCASEID (and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. MCASEID is created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNOMN (MV001), HHNUMMN (MV002), and LINENOMN (MV003). The last three characters indicate the male respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] MCASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSUMN (MV021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU, for men's samples. It should be used along with the variable DOMAINMN (MV023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSUMN (MV021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata For men's samples, STRATAMN (MV022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATAMN is not the same as DOMAINMN (MV023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATAMN along with the variable PSUMN (MV021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors, for men's samples. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATAMN (MV022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain For men's samples, DOMAINMN (MV023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired and analyzing men's samples, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAINMN (MV023) and PSUMN (MV021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHTMN (MV005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN (or DOMAINMN for men's samples) defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). 99999 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME (COMMUNE/VILLAGE) _____ NAME OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD_____ CLUSTER NUMBER_____ HOUSEHOLD NUMBER_____ REGION_____ HHNUMMN (MV002) is the number identifying the household in which the male respondent was interviewed, within each men's sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUMMN with CLUSTERNOMN (MV001). For most samples, HHNUMMN (MV002) and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the men's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM (V002) and CLUSTERNO (V001) do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUMMN is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME (COMMUNE/VILLAGE) _____ NAME OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD_____ CLUSTER NUMBER_____ HOUSEHOLD NUMBER_____ REGION_____ CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) reports the cluster number for de facto residence of the man in the men's sample. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNOMN is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATAMN (MV022) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) and HHNUMMN (MV002) can be used to merge the men's sample file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNOMN is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit For men's samples, ULTAREAUNITMN (MV004) reports the ultimate area unit for the man's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNITMN can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNITMN (MV004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of man respondent NAME/LINE NUMBER OF THE HUSBAND: NAME _____ LINE NO. _____ LINENOMN (MV003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the man's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Men's sample weight PERWEIGHTMN (MV005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population in men's samples. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHTMN before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHTMN should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data from the men's samples. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHTMN mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHTMN is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHTMN. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTYEARMN (MV007) reports the year when the interview with the male respondent took place. The dates reported in INTYEARMN are based on the Gregorian calendar. 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ MONTHINTMN (MV006) reports the month when the interview with the male respondent took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTDAYMN (MV016) reports the day of the month on which the interview with the male respondent took place. INTDAYMN uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTDATECMCMN (MV008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview with the male respondent took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMCMN are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMCMN (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time men's interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTSTARTMN (MV801) reports the time of the start of the interview for the men's sample. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time men's interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 415. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR_____ MINUTES_____ INTENDMN (MV802) reports the time of the end of the men's interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of men's interview in minutes INTDURATIONMN (MV803) reports the duration of the interview for the male survey (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNOMN (MV804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATIONMN is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTARTMN (MV801) and INTENDMN (MV802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ Visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of men's interview RESULTS_____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY FILLED OUT 6 ILL/INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ INTRESULTMN (MV015) reports the result of the interview for the men's sample. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS men's sample files, which provide the source material for men as a unit of analysis in IPUMS-DHS. 1 Completed 2 Not at home 3 Postponed 4 Refused 5 Partly completed 6 Incapacitated 7 Other General technical Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for male interviews VISITNOMN (MV017) reports the number of visits by an interviewer required to complete the interview for the men's survey. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, men's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTERVIEWERIDMR (MV028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the interviews for a men's survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. 99998 Missing General technical Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of residence For men's samples, URBANMN (MV025) indicates whether the man's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 1 Urban 2 Rural Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORESMN (MV026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the man was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Small city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1986-2017 [integrated; GIS] GEO_SN1986_2017 indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (regions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2005-2017 Senegal samples have greater geographic detail available in their sample-specific variables. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Senegal can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Dakar, Thiès (West) 2 Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Louga, Kaffrine (Center) 3 Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou (North East) 4 Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sedhiou (South) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_SN1997 (V101_SN1997) indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 1997 Senegal survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There are also three integrated variables, GEO_SN1986_2017, GEO_SN2012_2014, and GEO_SN2015_2016, that provide spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_SN1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 1 West 2 Central 3 South 4 North East Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENTMN (MV135) indicates whether the man, in a men's sample, was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENTMN variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age 103. How old are you currently? COMPARE AND CORRECT 102 AND/OR 103 IS INCONSISTENT AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ AGEMN (MV012) reports the man's age. DHS surveys collect information about the man's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (MV011) and the century month code of the date of interview (MV008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but he had not yet had his birthday. If the respondent correctly reported his age at his last birthday (and not his age at his next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97+ 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5-year groups AGE5YEARMN (MV013) reports the man's age in 5-year age groups, based on data from the AGEMN (MV012) variable. The age range of men interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 15-19 02 20-24 03 25-29 04 30-34 05 35-39 06 40-44 07 45-49 08 50-54 09 55-59 10 60+ 11 60-64 12 65+ Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's month of birth 102. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH ______ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ______ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHMOMN (MV009) reports the man's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's year of birth 102. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH ______ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ______ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 BIRTHYEARMN (MV010) reports the man's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1899 1899 or earlier 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's date of birth (century month code) 102. In which month and in which year were you born? MONTH ______ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ______ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 DOBCMCMN (MV011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the man's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth DOBINFORESPMN (MV014) reports the completeness of information about the male respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and year, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDSON OR GRANDDAUGHTER 06 FATHER OR MOTHER 07 FATHER-IN-LAW OR MOTHER --IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 CO-WIFE 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 NOT RELATED 98 DOESN'T KNOW RELATEMN (MV150) reports the man's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 010 Head 020 Husband 030 Son 040 Son-in-law 050 Grandson 060 Father 070 Father-in-law 080 Brother 090 Adopted/foster son/stepson 100 Other relative 110 Nephew 111 Nephew by blood 112 Nephew by marriage 120 Brother-in-law 130 Uncle 200 Not related 210 Domestic servant 211 Herdboy 997 Don't know 998 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity, Senegal 111. What is your ethnicity? WOLOF/LEBOU 01 POULAR 02 SERER 03 MANDINGUE/SOCE/MALINKE 04 DIOLA 05 SOLINKE/SARAKOLE 06 BAMBARA 07 MANJAAK 08 MANCAGNE 09 BALANT 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______11 ETHNICITYMN_SN (MV131SN) is a variable specific to Senegal that reports the man's ethnic group. Responses to this variable differ across samples. See Comparability. 01 Wolof 02 Poular 03 Serer 04 Mandingue 05 Diola 10 Other, Senegalese 11 Soninke 12 Bambara 13 Manjaak 14 Mancagne 15 Balant 19 Other Senegalese, unspecified 20 Other, non-Senegalese 98 Missing Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Man's current marital or union status 114. Are you celibate, widowed, divorced or separated or do you live in a union with someone? LIVES IN UNION 1 WIDOWED 2 (GO TO 116) DIVORCED 3 (GO TO 116) SEPARATED 4 (GO TO 116) CELIBATE 5 (GO TO 118A) MARSTATMN (MV501) reports the man's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 00 Never married 10 Married or living together 11 Married 12 Living together 20 Formerly in union 21 Widowed 22 Divorced 23 Separated/not living together 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Man never, currently, or formerly married/in union 114. Are you celibate, widowed, divorced or separated or do you live in a union with someone? LIVES IN UNION 1 WIDOWED 2 (GO TO 116) DIVORCED 3 (GO TO 116) SEPARATED 4 (GO TO 116) CELIBATE 5 (GO TO 118A) CURRMARRMN (MV502) reports the man's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes men who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes men who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes men who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married men, only men who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of current wives/partners 115. How many wives/partners do you currently have? NUMBER OF WIVES/PARTNERS _____ FIVE OR MORE 5 For men who are currently married or living with a woman, WIFENUMMN (MV505) reports the number of wives (or co-resident partners) he has. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 95 More than one wife/partner, number unspecified 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, MAR1STMOMN (MV507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the man's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYRMN (MV508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, MAR1STYRMN (MV508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the man's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMOMN (MV507). 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) MAR1STCMCMN (MV509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the man's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" [URL omitted from DDI.] (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) MAR1STDATINFOMN (MV510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the man's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 1 Month and year reported 2 Month and age reported, year imputed 3 Year and age reported, month imputed 4 Year reported, age and month imputed 5 Age reported, year and month imputed 6 Month reported, age and year imputed 7 Year and age reported, year ignored 8 All values imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 118. How old were you when you were married/began living with someone for the first time? AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS_____ (GO TO 118B) DOESN'T KNOW AGE 98 (GO TO 118B) AGE1STMARMN (MV511) reports the man's age at the start of his first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the man first started to live with his first wife or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of first marriage/cohabitation 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, YRSTO1STMARMN (MV512) reports the number of years from the start of the man's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMOMN (MV507) and MAR1STYRMN (MV508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 96 Inconsistent 97 Don’t know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since date of 1st marriage or cohabitation (grouped) 117. In which month and in which year were you married for the first time? MONTH _____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR _____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 98 MARRIAGE NOT COMSUMMATED 96 (GO TO 118A) DURMARGRPMN (MV513) reports the number of years elapsed since the man's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with his first partner. 0 Never married 1 0 to 4 2 5 to 9 3 10 to 14 4 15 to 19 5 20 to 24 6 25 to 29 7 30+ Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of wives/partners in man's household 115. How many wives/partners do you currently have? NUMBER OF WIVES/PARTNERS _____ FIVE OR MORE 5 WIFEPARNUM (MV035) reports the number of wives or co-resident partners the man has for whom household line numbers are available or who are coded as "Not in household" (LINENOWIFE_ALL (MV034_x). The related variable WIFENUMMN (MV505) reports the number of wives or partners the man currently has. 00 No wives or partners 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number(s) of man's wives/partners in HH LINE NUMBER(S) OF ELIGIBLE WIFE/WIVES: LINE NO. _____ LINENOWIFE_ALL (MV034_x) reports the line number of the man's wives/partners. These variables can be used, in conjunction with HHID to match the men - s data with the women - s data, to allow for the analysis of couples. A value of "0" means the wife was not listed as a member of the household. LINENOWIFE_ALL consists of a set of eight separate variables, covering the man's first wife/partner (LINENOWIFE_01) up to his eighth wife/partner (LINENOWIFE_08). If LINENOWIFE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all of the man's wives/partners, up to a maximum of eight. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to eight wives/partners, but no men in the survey had so many wives/partners (e.g., no man had seven or eight wives/partners). If, for example, no man in a survey had eight wives/partners and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then LINENOWIFE_08 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 LINENOWIFE_ALL available Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 1st wife/partner in HH LINE NUMBER(S) OF ELIGIBLE WIFE/WIVES: LINE NO. _____ 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 2nd wife/partner in HH LINE NUMBER(S) OF ELIGIBLE WIFE/WIVES: LINE NO. _____ 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 3rd wife/partner in HH LINE NUMBER(S) OF ELIGIBLE WIFE/WIVES: LINE NO. _____ 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 4th wife/partner in HH LINE NUMBER(S) OF ELIGIBLE WIFE/WIVES: LINE NO. _____ 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 5th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 6th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 7th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 8th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of living biological children of male respondent 302. How many boys do you have? How many girls do you have? NUMBER OF BOYS_____ NUMBER OF GIRLS_____ CHEBALIVEMN (MV218) reports the total number of surviving biological children fathered by the male respondent. The number reported in CHEBALIVEMN (MV218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (MV202 to MV205 - SONSATHOMEMN, DAUSATHOMEMN, SONSAWAYHOMEMN, and DAUSAWAYHOMEMN). The related variable CHEBMN (MV201) reports the total number of children ever fathered by the male respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members HHMEMTOTALMN (MV136) reports the total number of members of the male respondent's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTALMN is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible men in household (de facto) HHELIGMENMN (MV138) reports the number of eligible men in the household, usually defined as males over age 15 who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible men varies across samples. See the Universe tab for samples of interest. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGEMN (MV152) reports the age of the head of the household. 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEXMN (MV151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 1 Male 2 Female 8 Missing Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 23. How many rooms in your household do you use to sleep in? NUMBER OF ROOMS _____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION NATURAL MATERIAL EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYLE OR LINO/ASPHALT 32 TILE 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 41 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 21. What kind of toilet facility do the members of your household use? FLUSH PERSONAL FLUSH 11 COMMUNAL FLUSH 12 PIT/LATRINE PIT 21 LATRINES 22 NO FACILITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____41 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of kitchen waste and trash 29. How is your household garbage disposed of? COLLECTED 1 BURIED 2 AUTHORIZED DEPOSITORY 3 WILD (NOT AUTHORIZED) DEPOSITORY 4 INCINERATION 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____6 HHWASTE reports how the household disposes of its kitchen waste and trash. The information in HHWASTE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 996 Non-resident 100 Waste collected 110 Collected from home 120 Collected from container in street 130 Collected by government 131 Regularly collected by government 132 Infrequently collected by government 140 Collected by community association 150 Collected by private company 160 Collected by trash truck, unspecified 161 Collected by animal drawn cart 200 Waste dumped 210 Authorized/civic dump 211 Private/NGO garbage dump 220 Dumped into nature/unauthorized site 221 Dumped into street or empty plot 222 Dumped into canal or drainage 223 Dumped in river 224 Dumped inside hole 230 Dumped in own compound 231 Dump, bury, burn in compound 300 Waste processed 310 Burned 320 Buried 330 Composted 340 Recycled 350 Fed to animals 400 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 121 Collected from central collection point 141 By community members, for municipality, at least weekly 142 By community members, for municipality, lt weekly 143 By community members, at least weekly 144 By community members, lt weekly Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash is collected before disposal 27. In what do you keep your household garbage? GARBAGE CAN WITH LID 1 GARBAGE CAN WITHOUT LID 2 PLASTIC BAGS 3 USED KITCHEN UTENSILS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 HHWASTECOLLECT reports where the household collects trash or garbage before the trash is disposed of--for example, in a covered trash can versus a plastic bag. Some households reported throwing garbage into the street or surrounding land immediately, rather than storing household waste for collection later. The information in HHWASTECOLLECT is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 42 Used kitchen utensils/pan 00 Thrown in street 10 Covered trash can 20 Uncovered trash can 30 Plastic bag 40 Other 41 Old newspapers 96 Non-resident 98 Missing Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash container is stored 28. Where do you put your household garbage before disposing of it? INSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 1 OUTSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 2 HHWASTESTORE reports where the household's garbage container is kept: in the kitchen, in the dwelling but outside the kitchen, or outside the dwelling. The information in HHWASTESTORE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 20 Outside dwelling 12 Elsewhere inside dwelling 11 In kitchen 10 Inside dwelling 30 Elsewhere, away from plot 96 Non-resident 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 17. What is the main source of water that the members of your household use to wash their hands and to wash the dishes? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/INDOOR 11 (GO TO 19) PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 21 (GO TO 19) OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 19) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 20. From where does the drinking water for your household come? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO THE DWELLING/YARD/LOT 11 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/ YARD/PLOT 21 OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water (HH record) 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 With information taken from the household record, SAMEH2OSRCHH (HV203) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. The information in SAMEH2OSRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of dirty water by HH 26. How do you dispose of your waste water? SEWER SYSTEM 1 CLOSED CANAL 2 OPEN CANAL 3 IN THE SEA/RIVER/POND 4 HOLE DUG IN THE HOUSE 5 IN THE ROAD/NATURE 6 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 7 WTRDISPOSAL reports the household's main method of disposing of dirty water. The information in WTRDISPOSAL is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 10 Improved outlet 11 Sewers 12 Public sewer 13 In the gutter 14 Septic pit 15 Draining 16 Covered pipe waste 17 Grid/Downstream 20 Less improved outlet 21 Courtyard 22 Protected canal 23 Pit/cesspool 24 Open pipe waste 25 Hole 30 Natural outlet 31 Swallow-hole 32 River 33 Nature 34 Canal/river 35 Open canal 40 Other 98 Missing 26 In the street Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has transport equipment (van, van, bus, taxi) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 TRUCKVAN indicates whether any member of the household owns transport equipment, such as a truck, van, bus, or taxi. The related variable CAR may indicate ownership of a truck as well as private car ownership. The information in TRUCKVAN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has video player/recorder 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO indicates whether the household had video equipment, variously described as "a video," "a video player," "a video recorder," or "a video deck." The related variable DVDVCD includes equipment for playing videos as well as DVD and CD players for some samples. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Man's occupation 112. What is your occupation? That is, what kind of work do you do? RESPONDENT'S WORK_____ WKCURRJOBMN (MV717) reports the occupation of the male respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial 20 Clerical or sales 21 Clerical 22 Sales 30 Agricultural 31 Agricultural, self-employed 32 Agricultural, employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic 42 Services 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual 52 Unskilled manual 60 Armed forces 95 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQMN (MV190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the male respondent lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHSMN reports the wealth index factor score for the man's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQMN and WEALTHSMN are included on the man's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the men's data files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHSMN (MV191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQMN (MV190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the man's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQMN, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on - The DHS Wealth Indexâ? here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHSMN (MV191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 105. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 EDUCLVLMN (MV106) reports the highest level of school the male respondent attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVLMN is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education Primary Secondary Higher The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 6 Other 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 106. What is the last (year/grade) that you achieved at this level? GRADE _____ For men who ever attended school, YRSCHLMN (MV107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVLMN (MV106). See Comparability. For the man's total years of education, see EDYRTOTALMN (MV133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Man's total years of education 105. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 EDYRTOTALMN (MV133) reports the man's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVLMN (MV106) and YRSCHLMN (MV107) as follows: If EDUCLVLMN = "No education," EDYRTOTALMN = "0" If EDUCLVLMN = "Primary," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN If EDUCLVLMN = "Secondary," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN + x If EDUCLVLMN = "Higher," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN + y If EDUCLVLMN = "Missing," EDYRTOTALMN = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Man's summary educational achievement 105. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary or superior? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 SUPERIOR 3 EDACHIEVERMN (MV149) is a summary variable that reports the man's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVERMN is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary Complete primary Incomplete secondary Complete secondary Higher EDACHIEVERMN is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVLMN (MV106) and YRSCHLMN (MV107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 6 Other 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preference 305. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 SAYS HIS WIFE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 SAYS HE CANNOT HAVE ANY MORE CHILDREN 4 NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 FERTPREFMN (MV602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "undecided," and various categories related to not being at risk of having more children (such as sterilization, infecundity, and not having a partner). In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of having more children" share a common first digit of 4, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons (for example, code "41" for "Sterilized [respondent or partners]"). 10 Have another 20 Undecided 30 No more 40 Not at risk of having more children 41 Sterilized (respondent or partners) 42 Wife/partner declared infecund 43 Never had sex 44 Man declared infecund 45 No partner 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 305. Would you like to have (a/another) child, or would you prefer not to have (other) children at all? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 SAYS HIS WIFE CANNOT GET PREGNANT 3 SAYS HE CANNOT HAVE ANY MORE CHILDREN 4 NOT DECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 KIDDESIREMN (MV605) is a constructed variable distinguishing between men who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired), This variable also identifies male respondents who are not at risk of having (more) children. 10 Wants more children 11 Wants within 2 years 12 Wants after 2+ years 13 Wants, unsure timing 20 Undecided 30 Wants no more 40 Not at risk of pregnancy 41 Sterilized 42 Declared infecuned 43 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 312. CHECK 301: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 IDEALKIDMN (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the man would have liked to have in his whole life, regardless of how many children he had actually fathered. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for men with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for men without living children). If the man responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90+ 94 God's will/ choice 95 As many as possible 96 Other non-numeric responses 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 312. CHECK 301: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER_____ OTHER RESPONSE (SPECIFY) _____96 Like IDEALKIDMN, IDEALKIDGRPMN (MV614) reports the total number of children the man would hypothetically like to have in his whole life, regardless of how many children he actually had, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 7 Non-numeric response 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wife's desire for children 309. Do you think that your wife/wives/partner(s) would like to have the same number of children as you would like to have? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 WIFEFERTPREFMN (MV621) reports whether the male respondent believes his partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than he wants. 1 Both want same 2 Wife wants more 3 Wife wants fewer 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows any type of FP method SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOTYPMN (MV301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the man knows about any family planning method(s) and, if so, what type of method (modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method). In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUDs, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 0 Knows no method 1 Knows only folkloric method 2 Knows only traditional method 3 Knows modern method 9 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about the Pill for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOPILLMN (MV304_01) indicates whether the man knows about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the Pill is often described by the following text: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about IUD for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOIUDMN (MV304_02) indicates whether the man knows about IUDs (intra-uterine devices) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, an IUD is often described by the following text: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about injectable FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOINJMN (MV304_03) indicates whether the man knows about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, injectables are often described by the following text: Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about condom for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOCONMN (MV304_05) indicates whether the man knows about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, male condoms are often described by the following text: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about female sterilization for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOFSTMN (MV304_06) indicates whether the man knows about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, female sterilization is often described by the following text: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about male sterilization for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOMSTMN (MV304_07) indicates whether the man knows about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, male sterilization is often described by the following text: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about rhythm/periodic abstinence for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNORHYMN (MV304_08) indicates whether the man knows about the rhythm method or periodic abstinence as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the rhythm method or period abstinence is often described by the following text: To avoid pregnancy, women do not have sexual intercourse on the days of the month they think they can get pregnant. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about withdrawal for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOWDMN (MV304_09) indicates whether the man knows about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, withdrawal is often described by the following text: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOIMPMN (MV304_11) indicates whether the man knows about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, implants are often described by the following text: Women can have one or more small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about abstinence for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOABSMN (MV304_12) indicates whether the man knows about (prolonged) abstinence as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about diaphragm, foam, or jelly for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNODIAFJMN indicates whether the man knows about the diaphragm, foam, or (spermacidal) jelly as methods for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the diaphragm, foam, or jelly is often described by the following text: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream inside themselves before intercourse. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about charms or amulets for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOCHARMMN indicates whether the man knows about charms, amulets, or gris-gris as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other method for FP SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPKNOOMMN indicates whether the man knows about any other family planning methods. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type 208. What method are you using? PILL 01 (GO TO 301) IUD 02 (GO TO 301) INJECTIONS 03 (GO TO 301) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 301) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05(GO TO 301) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 301) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 301) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 301) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 301) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 301) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 301) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPTYPNOWMN (MV313) indicates whether the man is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 0 No method 1 Folkloric method 2 Traditional method 3 Modern method 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 208. What method are you using? PILL 01 (GO TO 301) IUD 02 (GO TO 301) INJECTIONS 03 (GO TO 301) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 301) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05(GO TO 301) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 301) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 301) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 301) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 301) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 301) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 (GO TO 301) DOESN'T KNOW 98 FPMETHNOWMN (MV312) reports the contraceptive method the man is currently using. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSEMN (MV302) for more information on broad categories of contraceptive methods. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/implants 104 Injections 110 Diaphragm/foam/jelly 111 Diaphragm 112 Foam or jelly 120 Condom 121 Male condom 122 Female condom 130 Sterilization 131 Female sterilization 132 Male sterilization 140 Lactional amenorrhea (LAM) 141 Prolonged breastfeeding 150 Emergency contraception 190 Other modern method 191 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or period abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle beads/standard days method (SDM) 213 (Prolonged) abstinence 214 Cervical mucus method 219 National family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 290 Other traditional/folkloric 291 Herbs 292 Gris-gris/amulet 293 Tafo 294 Strings 300 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 209. Do you or your wife/wives/partner(s) intend to use, in the future, a family planning method to delay or avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 (GO TO 211) NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 301) FPUSPATRNMN (MV361) reports the man's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether he is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used in last 12 months 22 Used before last 12 months 30 Never used Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention 211. Do you intend to use, in the next 12 months, a family planning method? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPUSINTENTMN (MV364) is a constructed variable, drawing on responses to multiple survey questions, that divides men into the following categories: Men who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional) Men who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future Men who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future Men (in a minority of samples) who never had sex. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOWMN (MV312) and FPUSPLANMN (MV362) for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENTMN. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 211. Do you intend to use, in the next 12 months, a family planning method? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPUSPLANMN (MV362) is a constructed variable, based on multiple survey questions. The variable reports, for men not currently using contraception, whether the man intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when he intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Men uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 212. When you would use a method, what method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 IUD 02 INJECTIONS 03 IMPLANTS 04 DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 CONDOM 06 FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 MALE STERILIZATION 08 RHYTHM METHOD 09 WITHDRAWAL 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____11 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For men not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTRMN (MV363) reports the family planning method the man would prefer to use. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/implants 104 Injections 110 Diaphragm/foam/jelly 111 Diaphragm 112 Foam or jelly 120 Condom 121 Male condom 122 Female condom 130 Sterilization 131 Female sterilization 132 Male sterilization 140 Lactional amenorrhea (LAM) 141 Prolonged breastfeeding 150 Emergency contraception 190 Other modern method 191 Contraceptive patch 192 Menstrual regulation 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or period abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle beads/standard days method (SDM) 213 (Prolonged) abstinence 214 Cervical mucus method 219 National family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 290 Other traditional/folkloric 291 Herbs 292 Gris-gris/amulet 293 Tafo 294 Strings 295 Religion 300 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why does not intend to use FP in future 210. What is the main reason you do not intend to use a method? RECORD ALL THE REASONS MENTIONED. WANTS CHILDREN 01 (GO TO 301) LACK OF INFORMATION 02 (GO TO 301) PARTNER DISAPPROVES 03 (GO TO 301) TOO EXPENSIVE 04 (GO TO 301) SECONDARY EFFECTS 05 (GO TO 301) HEALTH PROBLEMS 06 (GO TO 301) HARD TO GET 07 (GO TO 301) RELIGION 08 (GO TO 301) OPPOSED TO FAMILY PLANNING 09 (GO TO 301) FATALISTIC 10 (GO TO 301) OTHER PEOPLE DISAPPROVE 11 (GO TO 301) INFREQUENT SEX 12 (GO TO 301) WOMAN HAS DIFFICULTY GETTING PREGNANT 13 (GO TO 301) WOMAN IN MENOPAUSE/HYSTERECTOMY 14 (GO TO 301) INCONVENIENT TO USE 15 (GO TO 301) NOT MARRIED 16 (GO TO 301) OTHER (SPECIFY) ______17 (GO TO 301) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 301) For men who are not currently using a contraceptive method and do not intend to do so in future, FPYNOTFUSMN (MV376) reports why the man does not intend to use family planning in the future. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund or infecund 25 Postpartum or breastfeeding 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Wife/partner opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboo 46 Up to women to use 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear of side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 94 No reason 95 Other 96 Doesn't know if will use in future 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folkloric, traditional, modern) 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSEMN (MV302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the man has ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether he used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 0 Never used 1 Used only folkloric method 2 Used only traditional method 3 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever usethe Pill for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILLMN (MV305_01) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used the Pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUDMN (MV305_02) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJMN (MV305_03) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used injectables to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCONMN (MV305_05) indicates whether the man has ever used condoms to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFSTMN (MV305_06) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMSTMN (MV305_07) indicates whether the man has ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm/periodic abstinence for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHYMN (MV305_08) indicates whether the man or his partners have ever used the rhythm method or periodic abstinence to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWDMN (MV305_09) indicates whether the man has ever used the withdrawal method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMPMN (MV305_11) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use abstinence for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSABSMN (MV305_12) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used (prolonged) abstinence to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm, foam, or jelly for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIAFJMN indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used diaphragms, foam, or jelly to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use charms or amulets for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCHARMMN indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used charms, amulets, or gris-gris to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other method for FP 203. Have ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Has/have your wife/wives had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you had an operation to avoid having other children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHODS (SPECIFY) _____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOMMN (MV305_10) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used some other method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: the Pill SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPPILLMN (M304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPIUDMN (M304A_02) reports whether IUDs (intrauterine devices) are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPINJMN (M304A_03) reports whether injectables are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPCONMN (M304A_05) reports whether condoms are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPFSTMN (M304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPMSTMN (M304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method/periodic abstinence SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPRHYMN (M304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method or periodic abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPWDMN (M304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or Norplant SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPIMPMN (M304A_11) reports whether implants or Norplant are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPABSMN (M304A_12) reports whether (prolonged) abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm, foam, or jelly SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPDIAFJMN reports whether the diaphragm, foam, or (spermacidal) jelly are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Charms or amulets SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPCHARMMN reports whether charms or amulets are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 0 Modern method 1 Traditional method 2 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method (unspecified) SECTION 2. CONTRACEPTION 201. Now I would like to talk to you about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. What methods or ways have you heard of? CIRCLE CODE '1' ON LINE 202 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN CONTINUE DOWN THE COLUMN READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE '2' IF THE METHOD IS RECOGNIZED AND CODE '3' IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE '1' OR '2' CIRCLED IN 202, ASK 203-203A BEFORE GOING ON TO THE NEXT QUESTION. 202. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 02. IUD: Women can have a loop or a coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse to avoid becoming pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 03. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor, mid-wife or nurse to avoid becoming pregnant during many months SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 04. IMPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 05. SPERMICIDES/DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream in their vagina before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 06. CONDOM: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis during sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 08. MALE STERILIZATION: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 09. RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid pregnancy by not having intercourse on the days of the month the woman is most likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful to pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 (GO TO NEXT METHOD) 11. Have you heard of other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? LIST UP TO THREE OTHER METHODS. (SPECIFY) ______ SPONTANEOUS YES 1 NO 3 FPTYPOMMN reports whether the unspecified "other" methods are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of HIV/AIDS 407B. Do you know or have you ever heard of a disease called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 415) AIDSHEARDMN (MV751) indicates whether the man has heard of AIDS/HIV. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have HIV 411. Is it possible that someone who appears to be in good health actually has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHYMN (MV756) indicates whether the man thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have the AIDS virus/HIV. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sexual intercourse 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUSEXMN (MV864A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through sexual intercourse. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with many partners 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUMANYPARSMN (MV864B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through having many sex partners. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Sex with prostitutes 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUPROSTMN (MV864C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through having sex with prostitutes. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Not using condom 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUNOCONMN (MV864D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS by not using a condom during sex. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Homosexual contact 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUSAMESEXMN (MV864E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS by having homosexual contact. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Blood transfusions 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUBLOODMN (MV864F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through blood transfusions. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Injections 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUINJMN (MV864G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through injections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Kissing 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUKISSMN (MV864H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS by kissing (someone with HIV/AIDS). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Mosquito bites 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUBITEMN (MV864I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through mosquito bites. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Dirty/contaminated blades 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUSHARPMN indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through contaminated or dirty blades or needles. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Other 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUOTHMN (MV864X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported a person can get HIV/AIDS through some other way. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS AIDS transmission: Don't know 408. How can a person get AIDS? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. NORMAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH AN UNKNOWN PERSON B SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES C NOT USING A CONDOM D INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS E BLOOD TRANSFUSION F INJECTION G BY KISSES H BLADE/RAZOR I BY MOSQUITOS J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______K DOESN'T KNOW L For men who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDTHRUDKMN (MV864Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing how a person can get HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 409. In your opinion, is there something a person can do to avoid getting an STD, AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 411) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 411) AIDPREVENTMN (MV753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Not having sex (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDABSTLOWRMN (MV754B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYNMN (MV754BP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Use condoms (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDCONLOWRMN (MV754C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that using a condom during sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYNMN (MV754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Only one sex partner (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AID1PARLOWRMN (MV754D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that having only one sex partner reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYNMN (MV754DP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid sex with prostitutes (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDPROSTLOWRMN (MV754E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid homosexual intercourse (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDSAMESEXLOWRMN (MV754F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding homosexual intercourse, or avoiding sex with homosexuals, reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid blood transfusions (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBLOODLOWRMN (MV754G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid injections (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDINJLOWRMN (MV754H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding injections reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid kissing (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDKISSLOWRMN (MV754I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid mosquito bites (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDBITELOWRMN (MV754J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Seek protection from traditional healer (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDHEALLOWRMN (MV754K) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Limit number of sexual partners (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDLIMITLOWRMN (MV754L) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that limiting the number of sexual partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Remain faithful to partner(s) (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDFAITHLOWRMN indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that remaining faithful to his partner(s) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Other (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDOTHLOWRMN (MV754X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported some other way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Don't know (open-ended) 410. In your opinion, what can a person do? CIRCLE THE CORRESPONDING CODES TO THE RESPONSES GIVEN. ONLY ONE PARTNER A LOYALTY TO PARTNERS B USE A CONDOM C ABSTINENCE D NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH PROSTITUTES E NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH HOMOSEXUALS F NO SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH MULTIPLE PARTNERS G NO BLOOD TRANSFUSION H NO INJECTIONS I NO KISSES J` NO MOSQUITO BITES K SEEK PROTECTION FROM A HEALER/TRADITIONAL WITCH DOCTOR L OTHER (SPECIFY) _____M OTHER (SPECIFY) _____N DOESN'T KNOW O AIDDKLOWRMN (MV754Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported he did not know any way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows way to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know way to avoid AIDS 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 118B. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse? AGE _____ FIRST TIME WHEN MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXMN (MV525) indicates the man's self-reported age for the first time he had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 118B. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse? AGE _____ FIRST TIME WHEN MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXIMPMN (MV531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEXMN (MV525), except for men who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their first union. For these men, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse 118B. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse? AGE _____ FIRST TIME WHEN MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXFLAGMN (MV532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds his current age (AGEMN (MV012)) 2 = Respondent reported his age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of his first child 3 = Respondent reported his age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of his first child 4 = Respondent reported that his first sexual intercourse was at the time of his first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIEDMN (MV535)) 5 = Respondent reported that his first sexual intercourse was at the time of his first marriage, but his first marriage occurred after the conception of his first child 6 = Respondent reported his first sexual intercourse as being some time after his first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage 8 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of condom use for FP and/or STI prevention 412. Some people use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted illnesses. Have you ever heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONHEARDMN (MV764) reports whether the respondent knew of condoms, and if so, whether he knew about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both reasons. Men are asked about their knowledge of using condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONHEARDMN also draws upon a question asking about the man's knowledge of using condoms for STI prevention. This question is often worded as "Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you ever heard of this?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONUSEMN (MV764), which indicates whether the man has ever used condoms, and if so, whether he used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both reasons. 00 Does not know of condoms 10 Knows of condoms 11 Knows of condoms for FP 12 Knows of condoms for STI prevention 13 Knows of condoms for FP and STI prevention 19 Knows of condoms, purpose unclear Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Heard of condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 412. Some people use condoms during sexual intercourse to avoid getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted illnesses. Have you ever heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDCONKNOWMN (MV870) indicates whether the man has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of HIV/AIDS or Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) 401. Have you ever heard of an illness that can be transmitted sexually? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 407B) STIHEARDMN (MV750) indicates whether the man had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the male respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTHMN (MV785). For a variable that indicates whether the male respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARDMN (MV751). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 402. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWSYPHMN (MV856A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 402. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWGONMN (MV856B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 402. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWAIDSMN (MV856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARDMN (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 402. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWOTHMN (MV856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 402. Which sexually transmitted diseases do you know of? CIRCLE THE CODES CORRESPONDING TO ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F STIKNOWDKMN (MV856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 404. During the last twelve months, have you had any of these illnesses? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 407A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 407A) STIANYRMN (MV763A) indicates whether the man had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 405. Among these illnesses, which have you had? SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For men who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYRMN (MV858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 405. Among these illnesses, which have you had? SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For men who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYRMN (MV858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 405. Among these illnesses, which have you had? SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For men who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYRMN (MV858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 405. Among these illnesses, which have you had? SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For men who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYRMN (MV858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 405. Among these illnesses, which have you had? SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA/HOT URINE D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____E DOESN'T KNOW F For men who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYRMN (MV858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown type of sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSUHH (HV021) indicates the primary sampling unit for household members. This variable should be used along with the variable DOMAINHH (HV023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe the primary sampling unit as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSUHH (HV021) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATAHH (HV022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. The STRATAHH variable is not the same as DOMAINHH (HV023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATAHH along with the variable PSUHH (HV021) to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATAHH (HV022) is a 3-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAINHH (HV023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAINHH as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When representative estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAINHH (HV023) and PSUHH (HV021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., HHWEIGHT (HV005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for the DHS Program's sample design. In most countries, DOMAINHH defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUMALL (HV002) is the number identifying the household within the cluster or sample point. In some cases, this variable may be the combination of the dwelling number and the household number within the dwelling. To uniquely identify households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUMALL with CLUSTERNOALL (HV001). HHNUMALL is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) reports the cluster number for the household member's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNOALL is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. CLUSTERNOALL should be used along with the variable STRATAHH (HV022) to account for the impact of sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) and HHNUMALL (HV002) can be used to merge the household member recode file to the women's individual recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNOALL is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units used in the collection of data. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNOALL (HV001)], but it may be a sequentially-numbered variable for samples with a more complicated sampling structure. ULTAREAUNITALL can be used to account for the effects of sampling design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Line number in household 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ HHLINENO (HVIDX) reports the line number of the household member in the household schedule. 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household sample weight (6 decimals) HHWEIGHT (HV005) is an 8-digit numeric variable, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population, when household members are the unit of analysis. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Population factor weight POPWT is a population adjustment factor created by IPUMS to generate count estimates of household members for samples that are nationally representative. See our documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about how POPWT was created. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ ELIGFEMNO (HV010) reports the number of women in the household who are eligible for the individual survey (for women of childbearing age). The selection criteria for eligibility are usually women age 15 to 49. In some countries, the selection criteria are further restricted to ever-married women. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Eligibility for female interview ELIGIBILITY OF WOMEN: 15. CIRCLE THE LINE NUMBER OF ALL FEMALE RESIDENTS OR VISITORS BETWEEN 15-49 YEARS. (SEE 5, 6 AND 7) ELIGFEMINT (HV117) indicates whether the household member is eligible for the individual women's survey (i.e., those who could be part of the individual recode [IR] file). According to the DHS recode manuals: In most surveys, both de facto and non-de facto women are interviewed; however, women are included in the individual recode only if they were eligible for the interview and were de facto members of the household. (A few surveys use a de jure sample, and the above selection does not apply in those countries.) 0 Not eligible 1 Eligible 9 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible men in household TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ ELIGMALNO (HV011) reports the number of men in the household who are eligible for the men's or husband's survey. The selection criteria for eligibility are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Eligible for men's survey ELIGIBILITY OF MEN: 16. CIRCLE THE LINE NUMBER OF ALL MALE RESIDENTS OR VISITORS AGED 20 YEARS OR MORE. (SEE 5, 6 AND 7) ELIGMALEINT (HV118) indicates whether the household member is eligible for the individual men's survey. 0 Not eligible 1 Eligible 9 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household weight for male subsample (6 decimals) HHMWEIGHT (HV028) is an 8-digit numeric variable, which should be used as a weighting factor for the subset of households that were randomly selected for the men's or husband's survey. HHMWEIGHT should be used to weight all estimates produced using the households selected for the men's or husband's survey. For households not included in the men's or husband's survey, HHMWEIGHT is set to zero. Note: For researchers using a flat data file (.dat), HHMWEIGHT contains 6 implied decimal places, and researchers should divide this variable by 1,000,000 before applying it as a weighting factor. For all other data formats, HHMWEIGHT has already been adjusted, and researchers do not need to make any changes before using this variable. 00000000 0 Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Line number of the head of household 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ HHEADLINENO (HV218) reports the line number of the head of the household. According to the DHS recode manual: This should always be 01; however, there are some households in certain surveys in which the head of household has not been listed as the first person in the household listing. To determine the proportion of households (rather than persons in households) with a given characteristic (e.g., the share of households with electricity), researchers should restrict the sample of household members to one representative per household. Such restriction can be done by selecting only persons with line number 01 in the household roster (using HHLINENO) or selecting only persons coded as head of household in HHRELATE). HHEADLINENO demonstrates that these two criteria usually but not always identify the same person as a representative of the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview HHINTYR (HV007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in HHINTYR are based on the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 2017 2017 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview HHINTMO (HV006) reports the month when the interview took place, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview HHINTDAY (HV016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. HHINTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview HHINTCMC (HV008) reports the century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in HHINTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. HHINTCMC (HV008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits by interviewer TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS_____ VISITNO (HV017) reports the number of visits by an interviewer required to complete the interview. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married sample EVMARHH (HV020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 0 All woman sample 1 Ever-married sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST INTERVIEW (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWERS) DATE_____ INTERVIEWER NAME_____ RESULT___ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN/RURAL URBAN 1 RURAL 2 URBANHH (HV025) indicates whether the household member's de facto place of residence (i.e., where the person actually was at the time of the survey) was in an urban or rural location. 1 Urban 2 Rural Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1986-2017 [integrated; GIS] GEO_SN1986_2017 indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (regions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2005-2017 Senegal samples have greater geographic detail available in their sample-specific variables. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Senegal can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Dakar, Thiès (West) 2 Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Louga, Kaffrine (Center) 3 Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Matam, Kedougou (North East) 4 Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sedhiou (South) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Senegal regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_SN1997 (V101_SN1997) indicates the region of Senegal where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 1997 Senegal survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There are also three integrated variables, GEO_SN1986_2017, GEO_SN2012_2014, and GEO_SN2015_2016, that provide spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_SN1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 1 West 2 Central 3 South 4 North East Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household member 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 SEX (HV104) reports the sex of the household member, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 1 Male 2 Female 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household member 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHAGE (HV105) reports the household member's age, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 HHRESIDENT (HV102) indicates whether the household member is a usual resident of the household or is just visiting. As defined by the HHRESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place, but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Slept last night in HH 5. RESIDENCE: Did (NAME) stay here last night? YES 1 NO 2 HHSLEPT (HV103) indicates whether the household member is a de facto member of the household, in terms of whether the individual slept in the household the previous night. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship to household head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDSON OR GRANDDAUGHTER 06 FATHER OR MOTHER 07 FATHER-IN-LAW OR MOTHER --IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 CO-WIFE 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 NOT RELATED 98 DOESN'T KNOW HHRELATE (HV101) reports the household member's relationship to the head of the household/householder. 42 Herdboy 14 Stepson/daughter 41 Domestic servant 01 Head 02 Wife or husband 03 Son/daughter 04 Son/daughter-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Parent 07 Parent-in-law 08 Brother/sister 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster child 11 Brother/sister-in-law 12 Grandparent 13 Aunt/uncle 20 Niece/nephew 21 Niece/nephew by blood 22 Niece/nephew by marriage 30 Other relative 40 Not related 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of household members TOTAL IN THE HOUSEHOLD_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN_____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN_____ HHMEMBERS (HV009) reports the number of household members in the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de jure members DEJURENO (HV012) reports the total number of de jure household members, or the number of household members who usually live in the household (i.e., excluding visitors). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de facto members DEFACTONO (HV013) reports the total number of de facto household members, or the number of household members who slept in the household the previous night, including visitors. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children 5 and under (de jure) KIDLT5NO (HV014) reports the number of children under age 5 in the household (de jure). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? RECORD '97' FOR 97 YEARS OR MORE. YEARS ___ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 1. LINE NUMBER (THE NUMBER OF PERSONS LISTED BY THE RESPONDENT) LINE NO. _____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 23. How many rooms in your household do you use to sleep in? NUMBER OF ROOMS _____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION NATURAL MATERIAL EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYLE OR LINO/ASPHALT 32 TILE 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 41 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 21. What kind of toilet facility do the members of your household use? FLUSH PERSONAL FLUSH 11 COMMUNAL FLUSH 12 PIT/LATRINE PIT 21 LATRINES 22 NO FACILITY IN THE HOUSEHOLD 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____41 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of kitchen waste and trash 29. How is your household garbage disposed of? COLLECTED 1 BURIED 2 AUTHORIZED DEPOSITORY 3 WILD (NOT AUTHORIZED) DEPOSITORY 4 INCINERATION 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____6 HHWASTE reports how the household disposes of its kitchen waste and trash. The information in HHWASTE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 996 Non-resident 100 Waste collected 110 Collected from home 120 Collected from container in street 130 Collected by government 131 Regularly collected by government 132 Infrequently collected by government 140 Collected by community association 150 Collected by private company 160 Collected by trash truck, unspecified 161 Collected by animal drawn cart 200 Waste dumped 210 Authorized/civic dump 211 Private/NGO garbage dump 220 Dumped into nature/unauthorized site 221 Dumped into street or empty plot 222 Dumped into canal or drainage 223 Dumped in river 224 Dumped inside hole 230 Dumped in own compound 231 Dump, bury, burn in compound 300 Waste processed 310 Burned 320 Buried 330 Composted 340 Recycled 350 Fed to animals 400 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 121 Collected from central collection point 141 By community members, for municipality, at least weekly 142 By community members, for municipality, lt weekly 143 By community members, at least weekly 144 By community members, lt weekly Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash is collected before disposal 27. In what do you keep your household garbage? GARBAGE CAN WITH LID 1 GARBAGE CAN WITHOUT LID 2 PLASTIC BAGS 3 USED KITCHEN UTENSILS 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____5 HHWASTECOLLECT reports where the household collects trash or garbage before the trash is disposed of--for example, in a covered trash can versus a plastic bag. Some households reported throwing garbage into the street or surrounding land immediately, rather than storing household waste for collection later. The information in HHWASTECOLLECT is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 42 Used kitchen utensils/pan 00 Thrown in street 10 Covered trash can 20 Uncovered trash can 30 Plastic bag 40 Other 41 Old newspapers 96 Non-resident 98 Missing Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Where trash container is stored 28. Where do you put your household garbage before disposing of it? INSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 1 OUTSIDE THE CONCESSION (YARD/PLOT) 2 HHWASTESTORE reports where the household's garbage container is kept: in the kitchen, in the dwelling but outside the kitchen, or outside the dwelling. The information in HHWASTESTORE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 20 Outside dwelling 12 Elsewhere inside dwelling 11 In kitchen 10 Inside dwelling 30 Elsewhere, away from plot 96 Non-resident 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 17. What is the main source of water that the members of your household use to wash their hands and to wash the dishes? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/INDOOR 11 (GO TO 19) PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 21 (GO TO 19) OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 19) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 20. From where does the drinking water for your household come? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO THE DWELLING/YARD/LOT 11 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 12 OPEN WELL OPEN WELL IN DWELLING/ YARD/PLOT 21 OPEN PUBLIC WELL 22 PROTECTED WELL 23 SURFACE WATER RIVER/STREAM/BROOK 31 SWAMP/LAKE/POND 32 SPRING 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 71 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Same water source used for drinking and other water (HH record) 19. Do the members of your household obtain water from the same origin to drink? YES 1 (GO TO 21) NO 2 With information taken from the household record, SAMEH2OSRCHH (HV203) indicates whether the household used the same source of water for drinking and for other uses (such as laundry and dishwashing). For samples without this variable, the information could be calculated by comparing the household's reported sources of drinking water and water for other uses. The information in SAMEH2OSRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 18. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES_____ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Disposal of dirty water by HH 26. How do you dispose of your waste water? SEWER SYSTEM 1 CLOSED CANAL 2 OPEN CANAL 3 IN THE SEA/RIVER/POND 4 HOLE DUG IN THE HOUSE 5 IN THE ROAD/NATURE 6 OTHERS (SPECIFY) _____ 7 WTRDISPOSAL reports the household's main method of disposing of dirty water. The information in WTRDISPOSAL is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 10 Improved outlet 11 Sewers 12 Public sewer 13 In the gutter 14 Septic pit 15 Draining 16 Covered pipe waste 17 Grid/Downstream 20 Less improved outlet 21 Courtyard 22 Protected canal 23 Pit/cesspool 24 Open pipe waste 25 Hole 30 Natural outlet 31 Swallow-hole 32 River 33 Nature 34 Canal/river 35 Open canal 40 Other 98 Missing 26 In the street Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has transport equipment (van, van, bus, taxi) 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 TRUCKVAN indicates whether any member of the household owns transport equipment, such as a truck, van, bus, or taxi. The related variable CAR may indicate ownership of a truck as well as private car ownership. The information in TRUCKVAN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has video player/recorder 22. Does your household have: Electricity? Radio? Television? Refrigerator or freezer? Video? Telephone? ELECTRICITY YES 1 NO 2 RADIO YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION YES 1 NO 2 REFRIGERATOR/FREEZER YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO YES 1 NO 2 TELEPHONE YES 1 NO 2 VIDEO indicates whether the household had video equipment, variously described as "a video," "a video player," "a video recorder," or "a video deck." The related variable DVDVCD includes equipment for playing videos as well as DVD and CD players for some samples. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 25. Is there anyone in your household who owns: A bicycle? A scooter or motorcycle? A car? A carriage or cart? Another mode of transportation? BICYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 SCOOTER OR MOTORCYCLE? YES 1 NO 2 CAR ? YES 1 NO 2 CARRIAGE OR CART? YES 1 NO 2 ANOTHER MODE OF TRANSPORTATION? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles, from HH form WEALTHQHH (HV270) refers to the relative wealth of the household, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHSHH (HV271) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQHH (HV270), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information available on the DHS Program website, including The DHS Program - Research Topics - Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.] and The DHS Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.], a DHS Comparative Report. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHSHH (HV271) is an 8-digit numeric variable with 5 implied decimal places. 99999998 = Missing 99999999 = NIU (not in universe) Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS