BEN_2005_AFB-R3_v01_M DDI_BEN_2005_AFB-R3_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-05-18 Metadata Editor Version 01 (May 2020) BEN_2005_AFB-R3_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2005 Round 3 AFB-R3 2005 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. The survey covered 18 countries in Round 3 (2005-2006). Benin National coverage Individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] In Rounds 1 through 3, the Afrobarometer did only minimal weighting of data to correct for over- or under-samples of certain populations, usually based on region or urban-rural location. Response rate of the survey was 80.0%. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. ben_r3_data.sav 1198 302 .sav Afrobarometer round 3 survey data. Respondent number Numéro d’individu enquêté 1198 Household back-checked? Ménage doublement vérifié? 1198 1 1 1 Yes 1198 2 No 0 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Milieu ZD 1198 1 2 1 Urban 502 2 Rural 696 Province or region or Department Départment 1198 120 131 120 Alibori 88 121 Atacora 96 122 Atlantique 144 123 Borgou 128 124 Collines 96 125 Couffo 88 126 Donga 64 127 Littoral 126 128 Mono 64 129 Ouéme 136 130 Plateau 64 131 Zou 104 Commune Commune 1198 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 1 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 1 1198 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 25 2 Person selected was never at home 43 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 67 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 2 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 3 6 Did not fit gender quota 21 7 No adults in household 16 8 Other 34 997 Not Applicable 987 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 2 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 2 1198 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 6 2 Person selected was never at home 13 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 20 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 1 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 13 7 No adults in household 6 8 Other 15 997 Not Applicable 1123 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 3 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 3 1198 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 2 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 3 7 No adults in household 1 8 Other 5 997 Not Applicable 1184 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 4 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 4 1198 3 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 2 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 1 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 1 997 Not Applicable 1194 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 5 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 5 1198 997 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 1198 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 6 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 6 1198 997 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 1198 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 7 Raisons de Visites Infructueuses – Ménage 7 1198 997 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 1198 Previous interview, gender La personne enquêté précédemment était: 1198 0 2 0 First interview 18 1 Male 587 2 Female 593 This interview, gender Cet entretien doit avoir lieu avec: 1198 1 2 1 Male 600 2 Female 598 Number of calls Combien de visites ont été necessaries dans le ménage sélectionné avant de pouvoir mener l’entretien ? 1198 1 2 1 1 1132 2 2 66 Date of Interview Date de l’entretien 1198 2005-04-22 9 2005-04-23 43 2005-04-24 75 2005-04-25 80 2005-04-26 66 2005-04-27 93 2005-04-28 92 2005-04-29 86 2005-04-30 75 2005-05-01 69 2005-05-02 78 2005-05-03 71 2005-05-04 98 2005-05-05 53 2005-05-06 60 2005-05-07 38 2005-05-08 53 2005-05-09 43 2005-05-10 16 Time interview started Heure de commencement de l’entretien 1198 Q1. Age 1. Quel est votre âge? 1198 -1 120 -1 Missing 2 18 29 19 39 20 37 21 24 22 31 23 22 24 24 25 73 26 21 27 22 28 36 29 22 30 74 31 20 32 58 33 17 34 19 35 91 36 25 37 19 38 27 39 9 40 54 41 8 42 18 43 9 44 8 45 58 46 8 47 15 48 11 49 6 50 56 51 5 52 13 53 5 54 7 55 22 56 7 57 3 58 9 59 5 60 41 61 1 62 9 63 8 64 1 65 12 66 4 67 3 68 5 69 2 70 21 72 2 75 1 76 1 80 8 85 2 88 1 90 4 99 2 101 1 120 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q2. Head of household 2. Etes-vous le chef du ménage ? 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 623 1 Yes 574 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q3. Language of respondent 3. Quelle langue du Bénin parlez vous à la maison ? 1198 120 130 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 2 French 0 120 Fon 510 121 Adja 181 122 Bariba 125 123 Dendi 38 124 Youba 146 125 Ditamari 83 126 Peulh 57 127 Yoa 53 128 Haoussa 3 129 Idé 1 130 Lamba 1 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q4a. Country's present economic condition 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Bad 457 2 Fairly bad 524 3 Neither good nor bad 101 4 Fairly good 93 5 Very good 17 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q4b. Your present living conditions 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 466 2 Fairly bad 432 3 Neither good nor bad 176 4 Fairly good 100 5 Very good 22 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q5. Your living conditions vs. others 5. En général, comment évaluez-vous vos conditions de vie par rapport à celles des autres habitants de ce pays ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 12 1 Much Worse 182 2 Worse 335 3 Same 411 4 Better 177 5 Much Better 15 9 Don't know 66 998 Refused 0 Q6a. Country's economic condition 12 months ago 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 302 2 Worse 385 3 Same 219 4 Better 253 5 Much Better 33 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q6b. Your living conditions 12 months ago 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Much Worse 294 2 Worse 358 3 Same 246 4 Better 241 5 Much Better 53 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q7a. Country's economic condition in 12 months 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 134 2 Worse 199 3 Same 129 4 Better 376 5 Much Better 32 9 Don't know 326 998 Refused 0 Q7b. Your living conditions in 12 months 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 130 2 Worse 186 3 Same 132 4 Better 364 5 Much Better 74 9 Don't know 311 998 Refused 0 Q8a. How often gone without food 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 631 1 Just once or twice 142 2 Several times 211 3 Many times 182 4 Always 29 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q8b. How often gone without water 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 521 1 Just once or twice 82 2 Several times 224 3 Many times 193 4 Always 177 9 Don't Know 1 998 Refused 0 Q8c. How often gone without medical care 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 519 1 Just once or twice 139 2 Several times 252 3 Many times 218 4 Always 66 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 Never 739 1 Just once or twice 133 2 Several times 144 3 Many times 130 4 Always 44 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q8e. How often gone without cash income 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 11 0 Never 152 1 Just once or twice 89 2 Several times 313 3 Many times 372 4 Always 259 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q8f. How often gone without school expenses 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Never 289 1 Just once or twice 107 2 Several times 192 3 Many times 212 4 Always 134 7 No children 254 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q9a. How often feared crime in home 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 835 1 Just once or twice 79 2 Several times 127 3 Many times 86 4 Always 66 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q9b. How often something stolen from house 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 869 1 Just once or twice 170 2 Several times 105 3 Many times 45 4 Always 6 9 Don't Know 1 998 Refused 0 Q9c. How often physically attacked 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1126 1 Just once or twice 39 2 Several times 9 3 Many times 17 4 Always 2 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q10. Free schooling vs. user fees 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 257 2 Agree with A 119 3 Agree with B 224 4 Agree very strongly with B 531 5 Agree with neither 55 9 Don't know 10 998 Refused 0 Q11. Civil servants keep jobs vs. lay offs to reduce costs 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 773 2 Agree with A 219 3 Agree with B 92 4 Agree very strongly with B 53 5 Agree with neither 13 9 Don't know 48 998 Refused 0 Q12. Abandon economic reforms vs. accept hardships 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 276 2 Agree with A 189 3 Agree with B 287 4 Agree very strongly with B 302 5 Agree with neither 72 9 Don't know 72 998 Refused 0 Q13. Economic policies helped most vs. hurt most 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 136 2 Agree with A 46 3 Agree with B 278 4 Agree very strongly with B 720 5 Agree with neither 10 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q14a. Present vs. past: availability of goods 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 391 2 Worse 523 3 Same 136 4 Better 137 5 Much Better 4 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q14b. Present vs. past: job opportunities 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Much Worse 462 2 Worse 514 3 Same 75 4 Better 76 5 Much Better 5 9 Don't know 63 998 Refused 0 Q14c. Present vs. past: gap between rich and poor 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Much Worse 453 2 Worse 509 3 Same 130 4 Better 81 5 Much Better 5 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q15a. Radio news 1198 -1 4 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 84 1 Less than once a month 69 2 A few times a month 113 3 A few times a week 242 4 Every day 688 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q15b. Television news 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 Never 670 1 Less than once a month 97 2 A few times a month 119 3 A few times a week 123 4 Every day 176 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q15c. Newspaper news 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 Never 1010 1 Less than once a month 63 2 A few times a month 45 3 A few times a week 30 4 Every day 28 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q16. Interest in public affairs 16. Comment décririez-vous votre intérêt pour les affaires publiques ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Not at all interested 309 1 Not very interested 142 2 Somewhat interested 343 3 Very interested 390 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q17. Discuss politics 17. Quand vous êtes ensemble avec vos amis ou votre famille, diriez-vous que vous abordez des sujets politiques: 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 0 Never 373 1 Occasionally 552 2 Frequently 256 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q18a. Politics and government too complicated 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 11 1 Strongly Agree 733 2 Agree 175 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 90 4 Disagree 51 5 Strongly Disagree 14 9 Don't know 124 998 Refused 0 Q18b. Others don't listen to you 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Strongly Agree 283 2 Agree 130 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 233 4 Disagree 194 5 Strongly Disagree 120 9 Don't know 232 998 Refused 0 Q19. People responsible for well-being vs. government 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Agree very strongly with A 291 2 Agree with A 143 3 Agree with B 200 4 Agree very strongly with B 517 5 Agree with neither 37 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q20. Question actions of leaders vs. respect authority 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 642 2 Agree with A 245 3 Agree with B 123 4 Agree very strongly with B 154 5 Agree with neither 17 9 Don't know 17 998 Refused 0 Q21. Leaders treat all equally vs. help own community 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 653 2 Agree with A 81 3 Agree with B 177 4 Agree very strongly with B 262 5 Agree with neither 17 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q22. All vote vs. only educated vote 1198 1 5 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 1078 2 Agree with A 76 3 Agree with B 13 4 Agree very strongly with B 27 5 Agree with neither 4 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q23. Women have equal rights vs subject to traditional laws 1198 1 5 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 853 2 Agree with A 95 3 Agree with B 85 4 Agree very strongly with B 161 5 Agree with neither 4 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q24. Women leaders vs. men only as leaders 1198 -1 5 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 897 2 Agree with A 115 3 Agree with B 83 4 Agree very strongly with B 100 5 Agree with neither 2 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q25. Government bans organizations vs. join any 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Agree very strongly with A 209 2 Agree with A 97 3 Agree with B 385 4 Agree very strongly with B 418 5 Agree with neither 32 9 Don't know 53 998 Refused 0 Q26. Government close newspapers vs. free to publish 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 490 2 Agree with A 224 3 Agree with B 248 4 Agree very strongly with B 164 5 Agree with neither 8 9 Don't know 62 998 Refused 0 Q27. Govt. suppress expression vs. people speak minds 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 228 2 Agree with A 67 3 Agree with B 275 4 Agree very strongly with B 603 5 Agree with neither 7 9 Don't know 18 998 Refused 0 Q28a. Member of religious group 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 419 1 Inactive Member 219 2 Active Member 496 3 Official Leader 62 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q28b. Member of trade union or farmers association 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 0 Not a Member 985 1 Inactive Member 64 2 Active Member 106 3 Official Leader 21 9 Don't Know 14 998 Refused 0 Q28c. Member of professional or business association 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Not a Member 1063 1 Inactive Member 30 2 Active Member 52 3 Official Leader 22 9 Don't Know 22 998 Refused 0 Q28d. Member of community development association 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Not a Member 899 1 Inactive Member 101 2 Active Member 121 3 Official Leader 55 9 Don't Know 13 998 Refused 0 Q29. Registered to vote 29. Sachant que certains Béninois n’ont pas pu e faire enregistrer sur les listes électorales pour participer aux élections communales de 2003, quelle affirmation est vraie pour vous ? 1198 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 You were registered to vote 1082 2 You did not want to register 13 3 You could not find a place to register 4 4 You were prevented from registering 3 5 You were too young to register 60 6 Did not register for some other reason 36 9 Don't know/Can't remember 0 998 Refused 0 Q30 Voted last election 30. Concernant ces dernières élections de 2003, laquelle de ces affirmations est vraie pour vous ? 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 You voted in the elections 1066 2 You decided not to vote 6 3 You could not find the polling station 1 4 You were prevented from voting 3 5 You did not have time to vote 2 6 Did not vote for some other reason 16 7 You were not registered 103 9 Don't know/Can't remember 1 998 Refused 0 Q31a. Attend a community meeting 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 53 1 No, but would do if had the chance 466 2 Yes, once or twice 165 3 Yes, several times 316 4 Yes, often 194 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q31b. Join others to raise an issue 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 No, would never do this 138 1 No, but would do if had the chance 591 2 Yes, once or twice 105 3 Yes, several times 206 4 Yes, often 147 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q31c. Attend a demonstration or protest march 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 No, would never do this 352 1 No, but would do if had the chance 667 2 Yes, once or twice 45 3 Yes, several times 33 4 Yes, often 67 9 Don't know 32 998 Refused 0 Q32a. Contact local government councillor 1198 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 948 1 Only once 63 2 A few times 150 3 Often 37 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q32b. Contact MP 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1126 1 Only once 22 2 A few times 41 3 Often 7 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q32c. Contact official of a government ministry 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1152 1 Only once 22 2 A few times 18 3 Often 4 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q32d. Contact political party official 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1100 1 Only once 31 2 A few times 54 3 Often 11 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q32e. Contact religious leader 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 928 1 Only once 67 2 A few times 154 3 Often 46 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q32f. Contact traditional ruler 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1000 1 Only once 51 2 A few times 102 3 Often 42 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q32g. Contact some other influential person 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1027 1 Only once 59 2 A few times 86 3 Often 21 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q33. Why contact 33. Souvenez-vous de la dernière fois que vous avez contacté une des personnalités citées ci-dessus. La raison principale était: 1198 -1 7 -1 Missing data 1 1 Tell about personal problems 232 2 Tell about community or public problem 260 3 Give your view on political issue 7 4 Something else 10 7 Not applicable 688 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q34. Understand democracy 34. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 Understood "democracy" in French 858 2 Required local language translation 149 3 Did not understand either 191 Q35a. First meaning of democracy (verbatim) 35A. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (1ere réponse) 1198 Q35pt1. First meaning of democracy (code) 35A. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (1ere réponse), code 1198 0 999 -1 Missing data 0 0 Nothing/ democracy has no meaning 7 1 Civil liberties/ personal freedoms 415 2 Government by, for, of the people 44 3 Voting/elections/ multiparty competition 41 4 Peace/ unity/ power sharing 46 5 Social/ economic development 41 6 Equality/ justice 33 7 Majority rule 1 8 Governance/ accountability/ rule of law 21 9 National independence/ self-determination 151 10 Mutual respect 10 11 Working together 5 12 Other positive meanings 21 14 Conflict/ confusion 3 15 Corruption/ abuse of power 5 16 Social/ economic hardship 18 17 Other negative meanings 9 19 Civilian politics/ government 1 20 Change of government/ leadership/ laws 14 21 Other neutral/ null meanings 20 990 Interviewer could not code 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 292 Q35b. Second meaning of democracy (verbatim) 35B. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (2ème réponse) 1198 Q35pt2. Second meaning of democracy (code) 35B. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (2ème réponse), code 1198 1 996 -1 Missing data 0 1 Civil liberties/ personal freedoms 115 2 Government by, for, of the people 15 3 Voting/elections/ multiparty competition 28 4 Peace/ unity/ power sharing 41 5 Social/ economic development 22 6 Equality/ justice 21 7 Majority rule 4 8 Governance/ accountability/ rule of law 29 9 National independence/ self-determination 33 10 Mutual respect 17 11 Working together 2 12 Other positive meanings 19 14 Conflict/ confusion 5 15 Corruption/ abuse of power 2 16 Social/ economic hardship 6 17 Other negative meanings 12 19 Civilian politics/ government 0 20 Change of government/ leadership/ laws 3 21 Other neutral/ null meanings 14 990 Interviewer could not code 0 996 No further answer 810 Q35c. Third meaning of democracy (verbatim) 35C. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (3ème réponse) 1198 Q35pt3. Third meaning of democracy (code) 35C. Selon vous, qu’est-ce que le terme “Démocratie” signifie ? (3ème réponse), code 1198 1 996 -1 Missing data 0 1 Civil liberties/ personal freedoms 7 2 Government by, for, of the people 0 3 Voting/elections/ multiparty competition 6 4 Peace/ unity/ power sharing 8 5 Social/ economic development 5 6 Equality/ justice 9 7 Majority rule 3 8 Governance/ accountability/ rule of law 7 9 National independence/ self-determination 9 10 Mutual respect 6 11 Working together 2 12 Other positive meanings 5 14 Conflict/ confusion 2 15 Corruption/ abuse of power 2 16 Social/ economic hardship 1 17 Other negative meanings 5 19 Civilian politics/ government 0 20 Change of government/ leadership/ laws 0 21 Other neutral/ null meanings 3 990 Interviewer could not code 0 996 No further answer 1118 Q36a. Reject one-party rule 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Strongly Disapprove 856 2 Disapprove 134 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 51 4 Approve 39 5 Strongly Approve 48 9 Don't Know 67 998 Refused 0 Q36b. Reject military rule 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Strongly Disapprove 691 2 Disapprove 102 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 137 4 Approve 133 5 Strongly Approve 46 9 Don't Know 82 998 Refused 0 Q36c. Reject one-man rule 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 1 Strongly Disapprove 882 2 Disapprove 83 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 74 4 Approve 27 5 Strongly Approve 26 9 Don't Know 98 998 Refused 0 Q37. Support for democracy 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 STATEMENT C: Doesn't matter. 102 2 STATEMENT B: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 72 3 STATEMENT A: Democracy preferable. 838 9 Don't know 185 998 Refused 0 Q38. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 1075 2 Agree with A 53 3 Agree with B 21 4 Agree very strongly with B 31 5 Agree with neither 6 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q39. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 224 2 Agree with A 111 3 Agree with B 310 4 Agree very strongly with B 470 5 Agree with neither 25 9 Don't know 58 998 Refused 0 Q40. Parliament makes laws vs. president does 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 577 2 Agree with A 305 3 Agree with B 75 4 Agree very strongly with B 54 5 Agree with neither 76 9 Don't know 110 998 Refused 0 Q41. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Agree very strongly with A 99 2 Agree with A 62 3 Agree with B 307 4 Agree very strongly with B 654 5 Agree with neither 19 9 Don't know 53 998 Refused 0 Q42. Time to deal with problems vs. try another form 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 365 2 Agree with A 151 3 Agree with B 210 4 Agree very strongly with B 396 5 Agree with neither 31 9 Don't know 44 998 Refused 0 Q43a1. Identify your deputy to the National Assembly (verbatim) 43A1. Pouvez-vous me donner le nom de : Votre député à l'Assemblée Nationale 1198 Q43a2. Identify your deputy to the National Assembly (code) 43A2. Pouvez-vous me donner le nom de: Votre député à l'Assemblée Nationale 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 156 2 Incorrect guess 65 3 Correct name 248 9 Don't know 729 998 Refused 0 Q43b1. Identify the mayor of your commune (verbatim) 43B1. Pouvez-vous donner le nom de: Le maire de votre commune 1198 Q43b2. Identify the mayor of your commune (code) 43B2. Pouvez-vous donner le nom de: Le maire de votre commune 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 136 2 Incorrect guess 97 3 Correct name 607 9 Don't know 358 998 Refused 0 Q43c1. Identify your Prefect (verbatim) 43C1. Pouvez-vous donner le nom de: Votre préfet 1198 Q43c2. Identify your Prefect (code) 43C2. Pouvez-vous donner le nom de: Votre préfet 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 166 2 Incorrect guess 83 3 Correct name 34 9 Don't know 915 998 Refused 0 Q44a1. Know: Political party w/most seats (verbatim) 44A1. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez quel parti politique a le plus de sieges à l'Assemble Nationale? 1198 FARD ALAFIA 4 MADEP 25 NSP 832 PARTI NATIONAL ENSEMBLE 1 PRD 20 PSD 6 RB 43 UBF (KEREKOU) 267 Q44a2. Know: Political party w/most seats (code) 44A2. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez quel parti politique a le plus de sieges à l'Assemble Nationale? 1198 2 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 0 2 Incorrect guess 99 3 Correct answer 267 9 Don't know 832 998 Refused 0 Q44b1. Know: Presidential term limits (verbatim) 44B1. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez combien de fois de suite quelqu’un peut-il être élu président ? 644 554 1 25 1 85 2 431 3 93 4 16 5 12 6 2 8 1 10 1 20 1 25 2 Sysmiss 554 Q44b2. Know: Presidential term limits (code) 44B2. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez combien de fois de suite quelqu’un peut-il être élu président ? 1198 2 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 0 2 Incorrect guess 213 3 Correct answer 431 9 Don't know 554 998 Refused 0 Q44c1. Know: Determine constitutionality (verbatim) 44C1. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez qui a la responsabilité de déterminer si une loi est conforme à la constitution ou non ? 1198 ASSEMBLEE NATIONALE 56 AVOCAT 1 CENA 4 CITOYENS 1 COUR CONSTITUTIONNELLE 101 COUR SUPREME 7 DELEGUES 3 DELEGUES, MAIRE 1 ETUDIANT 1 GOUVERNEMENT 12 HAAC 3 HAUTE COUR DE JUSTICE 1 JOURNALISTES 1 LE PEUPLE ET LE PRESIDENT 1 MAGISTRATS 8 MAIRE 3 NSP 850 PEUPLE 60 PREMIER MINISTRE 1 PRESIDENT ASSEMBLEE 8 PRESIDENT DE LA REPUBLIQU 74 STRUCTURE ANTI CORRUPTION 1 Q44c2. Know: Determine constitutionality (code) 44C2. Est-ce que par hasard vous connaitriez qui a la responsabilité de déterminer si une loi est conforme à la constitution ou non ? 1198 2 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Know but can't remember 0 2 Incorrect guess 247 3 Correct answer 101 9 Don't know 850 998 Refused 0 Q45. Elections free and fair 45. Dans l’ensemble, comment décririez-vous la liberté et l’équité des dernières élections nationales tenues en 2003 ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 4 1 Completely free and fair 532 2 Free and fair, but with minor problems 358 3 Free and fair, with major problems 190 4 Not free and fair 33 8 Do not understand questions 8 9 Don't know 73 998 Refused 0 Q46. Extent of democracy 46. Selon vous, quel niveau de démocratie le Bénin a atteint en ce moment ? 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not a democracy 12 2 A democracy, with major problems 326 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 403 4 A full democracy 242 8 Do not understand question/democracy 118 9 Don't know 97 998 Refused 0 Q47. Satisfaction with democracy 47. En général, quel est votre degré de satisfaction sur la manière dont la démocratie fonctionne au Bénin ? Etes-vous 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Bénin is not a democracy 4 1 Not at all satisfied 111 2 Not very satisfied 314 3 Fairly satisfied 376 4 Very satisfied 202 9 Don't Know 190 998 Refused 0 Q48. Future of democracy 48. Selon vous, quelles sont les chances pour que le Bénin reste un pays démocratique ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 0 Country is not a democracy 3 1 Not at all likely 64 2 Not very likely 153 3 Likely 428 4 Very likely 291 9 Don't Know 251 998 Refused 0 Q49. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 999 2 Agree with A 156 3 Agree with B 22 4 Agree very strongly with B 14 5 Agree with neither 2 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q50. Lawful vs. immediate solutions to problems 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 796 2 Agree with A 195 3 Agree with B 91 4 Agree very strongly with B 67 5 Agree with neither 13 9 Don't know 36 998 Refused 0 Q51. Violence never justified vs. sometimes necessary 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 952 2 Agree with A 132 3 Agree with B 55 4 Agree very strongly with B 55 5 Agree with neither 2 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q52a. Constitution expresses values and hopes 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 130 2 Disagree 81 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 108 4 Agree 181 5 Strongly Agree 169 9 Don't know 529 998 Refused 0 Q52b. Courts make binding decisions 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 122 2 Disagree 89 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 159 4 Agree 405 5 Strongly Agree 298 9 Don't know 125 998 Refused 0 Q52c. People must obey the law 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 180 2 Disagree 76 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 144 4 Agree 363 5 Strongly Agree 356 9 Don't know 79 998 Refused 0 Q52d. People must pay taxes 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 254 2 Disagree 80 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 150 4 Agree 314 5 Strongly Agree 296 9 Don't know 104 998 Refused 0 Q53a. Careful about what you say 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 0 Never 282 1 Rarely 234 2 Often 316 3 Always 310 9 Don't know 48 998 Refused 0 Q53b. Party competition leads to conflict 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 0 Never 124 1 Rarely 484 2 Often 406 3 Always 113 9 Don't know 61 998 Refused 0 Q53c. Presidents ignore the Constitution 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Never 334 1 Rarely 271 2 Often 180 3 Always 32 9 Don't know 372 998 Refused 0 Q53d. People are treated unequally 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 0 Never 134 1 Rarely 193 2 Often 528 3 Always 210 9 Don't know 123 998 Refused 0 Q54a. Present vs. past: free to say what you think 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 8 2 Worse 26 3 Same 68 4 Better 639 5 Much Better 429 9 Don't know 26 998 Refused 0 Q54b. Present vs. past: free to join any organisation 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 1 2 Worse 27 3 Same 78 4 Better 640 5 Much Better 403 9 Don't know 47 998 Refused 0 Q54c. Present vs. past: fear of unjust arrest 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Much Worse 5 2 Worse 43 3 Same 169 4 Better 664 5 Much Better 245 9 Don't know 69 998 Refused 0 Q54d. Present vs. past: voting freedom 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Much Worse 1 2 Worse 26 3 Same 79 4 Better 595 5 Much Better 457 9 Don't know 33 998 Refused 0 Q54e. Present vs. past: ability to influence government 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Much Worse 38 2 Worse 93 3 Same 191 4 Better 467 5 Much Better 177 9 Don't know 227 998 Refused 0 Q54f. Present vs. past: safety from crime and violence 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Much Worse 137 2 Worse 222 3 Same 150 4 Better 504 5 Much Better 156 9 Don't know 24 998 Refused 0 Q54g. Present vs. past: equal treatment for all 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Much Worse 74 2 Worse 188 3 Same 280 4 Better 430 5 Much Better 118 9 Don't know 103 998 Refused 0 Q55a. Trust the President 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 222 1 Just a little 255 2 Somewhat 192 3 A lot 458 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 70 998 Refused 0 Q55b. Trust Parliament/National Assembly 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 229 1 Just a little 321 2 Somewhat 187 3 A lot 266 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 195 998 Refused 0 Q55c. Trust the Electoral Commission 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 279 1 Just a little 270 2 Somewhat 169 3 A lot 276 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 203 998 Refused 0 Q55d. Trust your local council 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 180 1 Just a little 306 2 Somewhat 294 3 A lot 330 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 87 998 Refused 0 Q55e. Trust the ruling party 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 331 1 Just a little 274 2 Somewhat 188 3 A lot 250 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 154 998 Refused 0 Q55f. Trust opposition political parties 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 285 1 Just a little 407 2 Somewhat 202 3 A lot 132 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 171 998 Refused 0 Q55g. Trust the military 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 225 1 Just a little 310 2 Somewhat 215 3 A lot 355 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 92 998 Refused 0 Q55h. Trust the police 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 265 1 Just a little 330 2 Somewhat 240 3 A lot 275 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 87 998 Refused 0 Q55i. Trust courts of law 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 259 1 Just a little 332 2 Somewhat 258 3 A lot 227 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 121 998 Refused 0 Q55j, Trust government broadcasting service 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 63 1 Just a little 267 2 Somewhat 226 3 A lot 381 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 260 998 Refused 0 Q55k. Trust independent broadcasting services 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 58 1 Just a little 228 2 Somewhat 235 3 A lot 369 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 307 998 Refused 0 Q55l. Trust government newspapers 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 64 1 Just a little 245 2 Somewhat 179 3 A lot 295 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 414 998 Refused 0 Q55m. Trust independent newspapers 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 55 1 Just a little 219 2 Somewhat 186 3 A lot 315 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 422 998 Refused 0 Q56a. Corruption: office of the Presidency 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 151 1 Some of them 257 2 Most of them 238 3 All of them 274 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 277 998 Refused 0 Q56b. Corruption: Members of Parliament 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 142 1 Some of them 242 2 Most of them 256 3 All of them 260 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 297 998 Refused 0 Q56c. Corruption: local government councilors 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 187 1 Some of them 310 2 Most of them 234 3 All of them 236 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 230 998 Refused 0 Q56d. Corruption: national government officials 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 134 1 Some of them 204 2 Most of them 283 3 All of them 318 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 258 998 Refused 0 Q56e. Corruption: local government officials 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 150 1 Some of them 222 2 Most of them 235 3 All of them 252 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 338 998 Refused 0 Q56f. Corruption: police 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 75 1 Some of them 233 2 Most of them 331 3 All of them 358 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 200 998 Refused 0 Q56g. Corruption: tax officials 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 52 1 Some of them 105 2 Most of them 215 3 All of them 645 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 180 998 Refused 0 Q56h. Corruption: judges and magistrates 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 None 68 1 Some of them 215 2 Most of them 325 3 All of them 372 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 216 998 Refused 0 Q56i. Corruption: health workers 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 None 331 1 Some of them 377 2 Most of them 157 3 All of them 140 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 189 998 Refused 0 Q56j. Corruption: teachers and school administrators 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 None 429 1 Some of them 351 2 Most of them 99 3 All of them 116 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 199 998 Refused 0 Q57a. Pay bribe for: document or permit 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 896 1 Once or Twice 131 2 A Few Times 109 3 Often 18 7 No experience with this in past year 31 9 Don't Know 12 998 Refused 0 Q57b. Pay bribe for: school placement 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1042 1 Once or Twice 46 2 A Few Times 29 3 Often 13 7 No experience with this in past year 48 9 Don't Know 20 998 Refused 0 Q57c. Pay bribe for: household service 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 994 1 Once or Twice 49 2 A Few Times 34 3 Often 12 7 No experience with this in past year 64 9 Don't Know 45 998 Refused 0 Q57d. Pay bribe for: get medicine or medical attention 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1042 1 Once or Twice 74 2 A Few Times 44 3 Often 23 7 No experience with this in past year 4 9 Don't Know 10 998 Refused 0 Q57e. Pay bribe for: avoid problem with police 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1059 1 Once or Twice 38 2 A Few Times 25 3 Often 11 7 No experience with this in past year 44 9 Don't Know 21 998 Refused 0 Q57f. Election incentives offered 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 791 1 Once or Twice 141 2 A Few Times 87 3 Often 171 7 No experience with this in past year 4 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q58a. Right or wrong: job for relative 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not wrong at all 55 2 Wrong but understandable 250 3 Wrong and punishable 869 9 Don't know 24 998 Refused 0 Q58b. Right or wrong: favor for service 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not wrong at all 16 2 Wrong but understandable 175 3 Wrong and punishable 985 9 Don't know 22 998 Refused 0 Q58c. Right or wrong: development for supporters 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not wrong at all 130 2 Wrong but understandable 206 3 Wrong and punishable 809 9 Don't know 53 998 Refused 0 Q59. Elected leaders listen vs. follow own ideas 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 14 1 Agree very strongly with A 822 2 Agree with A 139 3 Agree with B 94 4 Agree very strongly with B 118 5 Agree with neither 7 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q60. Time MP should spend 60. Combien de temps votre député de l’Assemblée devrait-il passer dans votre localité où il a été élu pour visiter la communauté et ses citoyens ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 0 Never/ Not necessary 48 1 At least once a year 464 2 At least once a month 501 3 At least weekly 103 4 All of the time 24 9 Don't know 55 998 Refused 0 Q61. Time MP does spend 61. Combien de temps votre député de l’Assemblée passe t’il vraiment dans cette Circonscription électorale? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 0 Never 838 1 At least once a year 175 2 At least once a month 69 3 At least weekly 6 4 Here almost all of the time 3 9 Don't know 104 998 Refused 0 Q62a. MPs listen 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 584 1 Only sometimes 235 2 Often 171 3 Always 31 9 Don't know 173 998 Refused 0 Q62b. Local government councilors listen 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Never 390 1 Only sometimes 328 2 Often 288 3 Always 129 9 Don't know 60 998 Refused 0 Q63pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 63PT1. Selon vous, quels sont les problèmes les plus importants dont le gouvernement devrait s’occuper ? (1ere réponse) 1198 0 999 -1 Missing data 0 0 Nothing/No problems 2 1 Management of economy 109 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 37 3 Unemployment 174 4 Poverty/ destitution 48 5 Rates and taxes 3 6 Loans/ credit 55 7 Farming/ agriculture 45 8 Food shortage/ famine 47 9 Drought 1 10 Land 2 11 Transportation 13 12 Communications 2 13 Infrastructure/ roads 123 14 Education 99 15 Housing 4 16 Electricity 90 17 Water supply 188 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 1 19 Services (other) 7 20 Health 102 21 AIDS 4 22 Sickness/ disease 3 23 Crime and security 17 24 Corruption 14 25 Political violence 0 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 1 27 Discrimination/ inequality 1 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 0 29 Democracy/ political rights 1 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 5 Q63pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 63PT2. Selon vous, quels sont les problèmes les plus importants dont le gouvernement devrait s’occuper ? (2ème réponse) 1198 1 996 -1 Missing data 0 1 Management of economy 38 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 31 3 Unemployment 79 4 Poverty/ destitution 38 5 Rates and taxes 8 6 Loans/ credit 41 7 Farming/ agriculture 44 8 Food shortage/ famine 60 9 Drought 2 10 Land 5 11 Transportation 9 12 Communications 5 13 Infrastructure/ roads 110 14 Education 152 15 Housing 4 16 Electricity 122 17 Water supply 152 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 4 19 Services (other) 4 20 Health 167 21 AIDS 3 22 Sickness/ disease 6 23 Crime and security 24 24 Corruption 14 25 Political violence 1 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 3 27 Discrimination/ inequality 1 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 1 29 Democracy/ political rights 1 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 995 Other 0 996 No further response 69 Q63pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 63PT3. Selon vous, quels sont les problèmes les plus importants dont le gouvernement devrait s’occuper ? (3ème réponse) 1198 1 996 -1 Missing data 0 1 Management of economy 33 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 19 3 Unemployment 48 4 Poverty/ destitution 33 5 Rates and taxes 3 6 Loans/ credit 36 7 Farming/ agriculture 51 8 Food shortage/ famine 38 9 Drought 0 10 Land 7 11 Transportation 12 12 Communications 8 13 Infrastructure/ roads 109 14 Education 99 15 Housing 13 16 Electricity 71 17 Water supply 105 18 Orphans/ street children/ homeless 2 19 Services (other) 1 20 Health 191 21 AIDS 2 22 Sickness/ disease 12 23 Crime and security 42 24 Corruption 17 25 Political violence 1 26 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 6 27 Discrimination/ inequality 1 28 Gender issues/ women's rights 0 29 Democracy/ political rights 1 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 1 995 Other 1 996 No further response 235 Q64. Government solves most important problem 64. Si l’on prend le premier problème que vous avez mentionné, quelle est la probabilité que le gouvernement résolve ce problème dans les années à venir? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 4 0 Not at all likely 76 1 Not very likely 297 2 Likely 325 3 Very likely 392 7 Not applicable 7 9 Don't know 97 998 Refused 0 Q65a. Handling managing the economy 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Badly 568 2 Fairly Badly 364 3 Fairly Well 191 4 Very Well 16 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 58 998 Refused 0 Q65b. Handling creating jobs 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Very Badly 624 2 Fairly Badly 375 3 Fairly Well 137 4 Very Well 5 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 54 998 Refused 0 Q65c. Handling keeping prices stable 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Very Badly 671 2 Fairly Badly 399 3 Fairly Well 102 4 Very Well 3 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 21 998 Refused 0 Q65d. Handling narrowing income gaps 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Very Badly 561 2 Fairly Badly 433 3 Fairly Well 172 4 Very Well 7 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 22 998 Refused 0 Q65e. Handling reducing crime 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 320 2 Fairly Badly 301 3 Fairly Well 525 4 Very Well 30 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 18 998 Refused 0 Q65f. Handling improving basic health services 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Very Badly 180 2 Fairly Badly 294 3 Fairly Well 627 4 Very Well 76 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 16 998 Refused 0 Q65g. Handling addressing educational needs 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 1 Very Badly 211 2 Fairly Badly 356 3 Fairly Well 554 4 Very Well 29 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 39 998 Refused 0 Q65h. Handling delivering household water 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 11 1 Very Badly 399 2 Fairly Badly 320 3 Fairly Well 422 4 Very Well 34 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 12 998 Refused 0 Q65i. Handling ensuring enough to eat 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Very Badly 553 2 Fairly Badly 393 3 Fairly Well 191 4 Very Well 40 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 19 998 Refused 0 Q65j. Handling fighting corruption 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Very Badly 571 2 Fairly Badly 277 3 Fairly Well 139 4 Very Well 13 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 195 998 Refused 0 Q65k. Handling combatting HIV/AIDS 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Very Badly 100 2 Fairly Badly 199 3 Fairly Well 565 4 Very Well 184 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 147 998 Refused 0 Q66. Resources to combat AIDS vs. other problems 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Agree very strongly with A 428 2 Agree with A 115 3 Agree with B 221 4 Agree very strongly with B 364 5 Agree with neither 40 9 Don't know 24 998 Refused 0 Q67a. Local govt. handling maintaining roads 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Badly 435 2 Fairly Badly 325 3 Fairly Well 340 4 Very Well 67 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 30 998 Refused 0 Q67b. Local govt. handling keeping community clean 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Badly 360 2 Fairly Badly 308 3 Fairly Well 399 4 Very Well 80 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 50 998 Refused 0 Q67c. Local govt. handling collecting local taxes 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Very Badly 204 2 Fairly Badly 226 3 Fairly Well 382 4 Very Well 115 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 268 998 Refused 0 Q67d. Local govt. handling spending decisions 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 259 2 Fairly Badly 275 3 Fairly Well 255 4 Very Well 60 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 345 998 Refused 0 Q68a. Performance: President 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 225 2 Disapprove 159 3 Approve 436 4 Strongly Approve 344 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 34 998 Refused 0 Q68b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep. 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disapprove 172 2 Disapprove 285 3 Approve 422 4 Strongly Approve 160 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 157 998 Refused 0 Q68c. Performance: local government councilor 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Strongly Disapprove 162 2 Disapprove 243 3 Approve 545 4 Strongly Approve 205 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 40 998 Refused 0 Q69a. Policy Knowledge: free primary education 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Incorrect answer 479 2 Correct answer 608 9 Don't know 111 998 Refused 0 Q69b. Policy Knowledge: free health care 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Incorrect answer 707 2 Correct answer 366 9 Don't know 125 998 Refused 0 Q70a. Enforce law: top official commits serious crime 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all likely 628 2 Not very likely 151 3 Likely 145 4 Very likely 167 9 Don't know 107 998 Refused 0 Q70b. Enforce law: you commit serious crime 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all likely 26 2 Not very likely 42 3 Likely 211 4 Very likely 859 9 Don't know 60 998 Refused 0 Q70c. Enforce law: top official doesn't pay tax 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Not at all likely 580 2 Not very likely 206 3 Likely 141 4 Very likely 160 9 Don't know 110 998 Refused 0 Q70d. Enforce law: you don't pay tax 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all likely 24 2 Not very likely 50 3 Likely 196 4 Very likely 864 9 Don't know 64 998 Refused 0 Q71a. Difficulty to obtain identity document 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Difficult 367 2 Difficult 201 3 Easy 217 4 Very Easy 162 7 Never Try 243 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q71b. Difficulty to obtain household services 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Difficult 333 2 Difficult 197 3 Easy 103 4 Very Easy 72 7 Never Try 474 9 Don't know 19 998 Refused 0 Q71c. Difficulty to obtain help from the police 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Very Difficult 337 2 Difficult 187 3 Easy 102 4 Very Easy 90 7 Never Try 464 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q71d. Difficulty to obtain primary school placement 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 165 2 Difficult 151 3 Easy 339 4 Very Easy 289 7 Never Try 230 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q71e. Difficulty to obtain medical treatment 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Difficult 246 2 Difficult 273 3 Easy 356 4 Very Easy 243 7 Never Try 71 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q72a. Why not try to get: identity document 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Don't need/use it 158 2 Don't know how 40 3 Govt. does not provide 13 4 No personal connections 13 5 Other 16 7 Not applicable 955 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q72b. Why not try to get: household services 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Don't need/use it 157 2 Don't know how 56 3 Govt. does not provide 207 4 No personal connections 6 5 Other 45 7 Not applicable 724 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 Q72c. Why not try to get: help from police 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 1 Don't need/use it 403 2 Don't know how 15 3 Govt. does not provide 21 4 No personal connections 6 5 Other 16 7 Not applicable 734 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q73a. Problems with schools: too expensive 1198 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 312 1 Once or twice 222 2 A few times 201 3 Often 173 7 No experience 284 9 Don't know 6 998 Refused 0 Q73b. Problems with schools: textbooks and supplies 1198 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 289 1 Once or twice 176 2 A few times 204 3 Often 189 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 15 998 Refused 0 Q73c. Problems with schools: poor teaching 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 260 1 Once or twice 120 2 A few times 222 3 Often 181 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 89 998 Refused 0 Q73d. Problems with schools: absent teachers 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 307 1 Once or twice 192 2 A few times 212 3 Often 118 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 43 998 Refused 0 Q73e. Problems with schools: overcrowded classrooms 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 192 1 Once or twice 126 2 A few times 223 3 Often 300 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 30 998 Refused 0 Q73f. Problems with schools: poor facilities 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 267 1 Once or twice 156 2 A few times 163 3 Often 245 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 41 998 Refused 0 Q73g. Problems with schools: illegal payments 1198 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 530 1 Once or twice 91 2 A few times 112 3 Often 115 7 No experience 325 9 Don't know 25 998 Refused 0 Q74a. Problems with public clinic: too expensive 1198 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 319 1 Once or twice 248 2 A few times 268 3 Often 285 7 No experience 76 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q74b. Problems with public clinic: lack of medicine/supplies 1198 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 508 1 Once or twice 205 2 A few times 214 3 Often 149 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q74c. Problems with public clinic: lack of attention/ respect 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 502 1 Once or twice 225 2 A few times 194 3 Often 156 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q74d. Problems with public clinic: absent doctors 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 678 1 Once or twice 191 2 A few times 116 3 Often 80 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q74e. Problems with public clinic: long waiting time 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 479 1 Once or twice 225 2 A few times 229 3 Often 143 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 5 998 Refused 0 Q74f. Problems with public clinic: dirty facilities 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 757 1 Once or twice 156 2 A few times 68 3 Often 90 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 10 998 Refused 0 Q74g. Problems with public clinic: illegal payments 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 783 1 Once or twice 93 2 A few times 90 3 Often 100 7 No experience 115 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q75a. What do: waiting for permit 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Don't worry, things will resolve 199 2 Lodge complaint through proper channels 219 3 Use connections with influential 194 4 Offer tip or bribe 311 5 Join in public protest 19 6 Other 29 7 Nothing can be done 130 9 Don't know 97 998 Refused 0 Q75b. What do: name missing 1198 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Don't worry, things will resolve 188 2 Lodge complaint through proper channels 415 3 Use connections with influential 157 4 Offer tip or bribe 30 5 Join in public protest 54 6 Other 76 7 Nothing can be done 201 9 Don't know 77 998 Refused 0 Q75c. What do: suspect school official 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 1 Don't worry, things will resolve 97 2 Lodge complaint through proper channels 464 3 Use connections with influential 116 4 Offer tip or bribe 9 5 Join in public protest 89 6 Other 58 7 Nothing can be done 235 9 Don't know 128 998 Refused 0 Q75d. What do: wrongful arrest 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 1 Don't worry, things will resolve 53 2 Lodge complaint through proper channels 611 3 Use connections with influential 263 4 Offer tip or bribe 52 5 Join in public protest 77 6 Other 17 7 Nothing can be done 92 9 Don't know 30 998 Refused 0 Q75e. What do: land seized 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 1 Don't worry, things will resolve 52 2 Lodge complaint through proper channels 892 3 Use connections with influential 86 4 Offer tip or bribe 6 5 Join in public protest 68 6 Other 28 7 Nothing can be done 54 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q76a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 0 The President/ executive 208 1 The Parliament 156 2 Their political party 106 3 The voters 464 9 Don't know 261 998 Refused 0 Q76b. Who responsible: local councilors do jobs 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 3 0 The President/ executive 94 1 The Local Council 150 2 Their political party 84 3 The voters 651 9 Don't know 216 998 Refused 0 Q77a. Elections ensure parliament reflects voters 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 6 0 Not at all well 115 1 Not very well 200 2 Well 364 3 Very well 235 9 Don't know 278 998 Refused 0 Q77b. Elections enable voters to remove leaders 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 6 0 Not at all well 131 1 Not very well 218 2 Well 349 3 Very well 202 9 Don't know 292 998 Refused 0 Q78a. Politicians: make promises to get elected 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 1 0 Never 8 1 Rarely 28 2 Often 246 3 Always 904 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q78b. Politicians: give gifts in campaigns 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 66 1 Rarely 111 2 Often 460 3 Always 547 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q78c. Politicians: keep campaign promises 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 845 1 Rarely 295 2 Often 23 3 Always 11 9 Don't know 22 998 Refused 0 Q78d. Politicians: deliver development 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 Never 679 1 Rarely 383 2 Often 25 3 Always 64 9 Don't know 45 998 Refused 0 Q79. Tribe or ethnic group 79. A quelle ethnie appartenez-vous ? 1198 120 130 -1 Missing data 0 120 Fon 500 121 Adja 188 122 Bariba 125 123 Dendi 39 124 Yoruba 147 125 Ditamari 86 126 Peulh 54 127 Yoa 54 128 Haoussa 3 129 Idé 1 130 Lamba 1 990 Benenese only 0 995 Other ethnie of Bénin 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q80a. Ethnic group's economic conditions 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Better 28 2 Better 105 3 Same 532 4 Worse 268 5 Much Worse 224 7 Not applicable 0 9 Don't know 41 998 Refused 0 Q80b. Ethnic group's political influence 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much more 78 2 More 116 3 Same 540 4 Less 281 5 Much less 103 7 Not applicable 0 9 Don't know 80 998 Refused 0 Q81. Ethnic group treated unfairly 81. Quand les personnes de votre groupe ethnique sont-ils traités injustement par le gouvernement ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Never 522 1 Sometimes 328 2 Often 165 3 Always 72 7 Not applicable 0 9 Don't know 104 998 Refused 0 Q82. Ethnic or national identity 82. Laquelle des affirmations suivantes exprime le mieux votre pensée ? 1198 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Ethnic ID only 47 2 Ethnic ID more than national 240 3 National and ethnic IDs equal 455 4 National ID more than ethnic 91 5 National ID only 357 7 Not applicable 0 9 Don't know 8 998 Refused 0 Q83. Most people can be trusted 83. En général, diriez-vous que vous pouvez faire confiance à la plupart des gens ou qu’il faut faire attention quand vous avez affaire à d’autres personnes ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 29 0 You must be very careful 844 1 Most people can be trusted 319 9 Don't know 6 998 Refused 0 Q84a. Trust relatives 1198 -1 3 -1 Missing data 3 0 Not at all 154 1 Just a little 295 2 Somewhat 220 3 A lot 526 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q84b. Trust neighbors 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 5 0 Not at all 239 1 Just a little 380 2 Somewhat 276 3 A lot 297 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q84c. Trust people from your ethnic group 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 5 0 Not at all 255 1 Just a little 425 2 Somewhat 265 3 A lot 247 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q84d. Trust people from other ethnic groups 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 6 0 Not at all 330 1 Just a little 492 2 Somewhat 175 3 A lot 188 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q85. Close to political party 85. Vous sentez-vous proche d’un parti politique en particulier ? 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not close to any party 793 1 Yes, feels close to a party 393 8 Refused to answer 4 9 Don't know 8 Q86. Which party 86. Si “Oui” : De quel parti s’agit-il ? 1198 120 998 -1 Missing data 0 120 RB 82 121 PRD 59 122 PSD 33 123 FARD-ALAFIA 21 124 UDS 6 125 MADEP 43 126 UBF 113 127 PCB 1 128 CAR 2 129 Yayi Boni 1 130 RDL 5 131 URP 2 132 IPD 2 133 FADES 2 134 EDD 2 135 MAP 4 136 CAPP SURU 1 137 PDB 1 138 UPD 1 139 PNE 1 995 Other 6 997 Not applicable 805 998 Refused 5 999 Don't know 0 Q87. How close to this political party 87. Si “Oui” : Vous sentez-vous très proche, assez proche, ou pas vraiment proche de ce parti ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Not very close 126 2 Somewhat close 93 3 Very close 169 7 Not applicable 805 9 Don't know 3 998 Refused 0 88A_BEN. How well know: Organe d'Audit Interne (DIVI) 88A_BEN. A quel point connaissez-vous les organes de contrôle de gestion de l’Etat suivants: Organe d’Audit Interne (DIVI)? 1198 -1 9 -1 missing 1 1 Not at all 393 2 A little bit 29 3 Well 10 4 Very well 8 9 Don't know 757 998 Refused 0 88B_BEN. How well know: Inspection generale des finances 88B_BEN. A quel point connaissez-vous les organes de contrôle de gestion de l’Etat suivants: Inspection générale des finances? 1198 -1 9 -1 missing 2 1 Not at all 358 2 A little bit 68 3 Well 24 4 Very well 7 9 Don't know 739 998 Refused 0 88C_BEN. How well know: Chambre des comptes 88C_BEN. A quel point connaissez-vous les organes de contrôle de gestion de l’Etat suivants: Chambre des comptes? 1198 -1 9 -1 missing 1 1 Not at all 390 2 A little bit 42 3 Well 8 4 Very well 4 9 Don't know 753 998 Refused 0 Q89_BEN. These organizations contribute vs. don't contribute 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 15 2 Agree with A 21 3 Agree with B 32 4 Agree very strongly with B 25 5 Agree with neither 2 7 Not applicable 975 9 Don't know 127 998 Refused 0 Q90. Education of respondent 90. Quel est votre plus haut niveau d’éducation? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 12 0 No formal schooling 605 1 Informal schooling only 23 2 Some primary schooling 223 3 Primary school completed 78 4 Some secondary school/high school 187 5 Secondary school completed/high school 27 6 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 10 7 Some university 21 8 University completed 11 9 Post-graduate 1 99 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q91. Religion of respondent 91. Quelle est votre religion ? 1198 -1 999 -1 Missing 1 0 None 74 2 Catholic 428 3 Protestant (Mainstream) 45 4 Protestant (Evangelical/Pentecostal) 81 5 African Independent Church 11 6 Traditional religion 191 7 Hindu 1 8 Agnostic (Do not know if there is a God) 0 9 Atheist (Do not believe in a God) 4 10 Christian (general) 84 11 Muslim, Sunni 262 12 Muslim, Shiite 11 13 Jehovah's Witness 1 14 Seventh Day Adventist 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 4 Q92. How often attend religious services 92. En tenant pas compte des mariages et des funérailles, quand allez-vous à la messe ? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Never 167 2 About once a year or less 53 3 About once every several months 80 4 About once a month 114 5 About once a week 313 6 More than once a week 462 9 Don't know 7 998 Refused 0 Q93a. Own book 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 2 0 No, don't own 760 1 Yes, do own 436 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q93b. Own radio 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 2 0 No, don't own 281 1 Yes, do own 915 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q93c. Own television 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 4 0 No, don't own 897 1 Yes, do own 297 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q93d. Own bicycle 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing data 2 0 No, don't own 790 1 Yes, do own 404 9 Don't know 2 998 Refused 0 Q93e. Own motorcycle 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 2 0 No, don't own 857 1 Yes, do own 339 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q93f. Own motor vehicle or car 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 3 0 No, don't own 1139 1 Yes, do own 56 9 Don't know 0 998 Refused 0 Q94. Employment status 94. Avez-vous un travail qui vous procure un revenu? A temps plein ou à temps partiel ? Etes-vous à la recherche d’un emploi en ce moment (même si vous travaillez en ce moment)? 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 17 0 No (not looking) 186 1 No (looking) 107 2 Yes, part time (not looking) 57 3 Yes, part time (looking) 196 4 Yes, full time (not looking) 359 5 Yes, full time (looking) 275 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q95. Main occupation 95. Quelle est votre principale occupation? (si vous êtes au chômage, retraité ou invalide, quelle était la dernière occupation que vous avez exercez ?) 1198 -1 999 -1 Missing 1 0 Never had a job 23 1 Subsistence farmer (own consumption only) 112 2 Peasant farmer (own consumption and sale) 280 3 Commercial farmer (mainly for sale) 65 4 Farm worker 25 5 Fisherman 18 6 Trader/Hawker/Vendor 239 7 Miner 0 8 Domestic worker/ maid 21 9 Police/ Security/ Military 4 10 Artisan/skilled, formal sector 22 11 Artisan/skilled, informal sector 69 12 Clerical 4 13 Unskilled manual, formal sector 12 14 Unskilled manual, informal sector 36 15 Businessperson (works for others) 39 16 Businessperson (own business, less than 10) 11 17 Businessperson (own business, 10 or more) 0 18 Professional worker 24 19 Supervisor/ Foreman 1 20 Teacher 17 21 Government worker 26 22 Retail worker 1 23 Student 62 24 Housewife/ work in household 85 990 Unemployed 0 991 Retired 0 992 Disabled 0 993 Anything 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 1 Q96a. Physical health 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 642 1 Just once or twice 375 2 Many times 143 3 Always 36 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q96b. Mental health 1198 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 517 1 Just once or twice 251 2 Many times 341 3 Always 86 9 Don't Know 2 998 Refused 0 Q97. Know died of AIDS 97. Connaissez-vous un ami ou une personne de votre famille qui est décédée du Sida ? 1198 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 993 1 Yes 197 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 6 Q98. How many died of AIDS 98. Si oui, Combien d’amis ou de personnes de votre famille ? 1198 1 999 -1 Missing 0 1 67 2 51 3 27 4 14 5 9 6 8 7 3 8 1 9 1 10 12 15 1 16 1 25 1 997 1001 998 Will not say/Refused 0 999 Don't know 1 Q99. Vote for which party 99. Si les élections présidentielles avaient lieu demain, pour le candidat de quel parti voteriez-vous ? 1198 120 999 -1 Missing data 0 120 RB Soglo 101 121 PRD Houngbedji 93 122 PSD Amoussou 47 123 FARD-ALAFIA Tawena 10 124 UDS Lafia Sacca 5 125 MADEP Fagbohoun 24 126 UBF kerekou 197 127 PCB Fantodji 2 128 CAR Agbo Lionel 3 129 Yayi Boni 94 130 RDL Adjovi Severin 6 131 URP 0 132 IPD Nata Theophile 1 133 FADES Attin Sourou 1 134 EDD Alia Edgar 2 135 MAP Sehoueto Lazare 2 136 CAPP SURU Gado Giriguissou 1 137 PDB Soule Dankoro 1 138 UPD Hounkponou Theophile 0 139 PNE Gnonlonfon 0 995 Other 3 997 Would not vote 52 998 Refused 57 999 Don't know 496 Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 100. Une dernière question. D’après vous, qui nous a envoyé pour réaliser cet entretien ? 1198 -1 999 -1 Missing 1 0 No one 14 1 Government (general) 200 2 National/ federal government 50 3 Provincial/ regional government 2 4 Local government 8 5 President/PM's office 84 6 Parliament/ National assembly 4 7 Government census/ statistics office 8 8 National Intelligence/ Secret Service 2 9 Education or Social Affairs Dept./Ministry 1 10 Tax or Finance Dept./Ministry 0 11 Health Dept./Ministry 3 12 Other government dept./ministry 5 13 Constitutional Commission 0 14 Electoral Commission 2 15 National Planning Commission 8 16 Public Utility Company 8 17 NGO 203 18 Political party/ politicians 40 19 Research company/org. (AB natl. partner) 262 20 Newspapers/ Media 4 21 University/ School/ College 3 22 Private company 4 23 International Organization 34 24 God or a religious organization 2 995 Other 0 998 Refused 12 999 Don't know 234 Time interview ended Heure de fin de l'entretien 1198 Length of interview Duree de l'entretien 1198 30 208 -1 Missing 0 Q101. Gender of respondent 101. Sexe de la personne enquêtée 1198 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Male 600 2 Female 598 Q102. Race of respondent. 102. Race de la personne enquêtée 1198 1 5 -1 Missing data 0 1 Black/African 1170 2 White/European 26 3 Coloured/Mixed Race 0 4 Arab/Lebanese/North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 2 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 0 95 Other 0 Q103. Language of interview 103. Quelle a été la langue utilisée lors de la réalisation de l’entretien ? 1198 -1 127 -1 Missing 1 1 English 2 2 French 257 120 Fon 546 121 Adja 44 122 Bariba 101 123 Dendi 55 124 Yoruba 73 125 Otamari 64 126 Peulh 32 127 Yoa 23 128 Haoussa 0 129 Idé 0 130 Lamba 0 995 Other 0 Q104. Others present 104. Y avait-il à proximité des personnes qui ont pu écouter l’entretien ? 1198 -1 5 -1 Missing data 4 1 No one 628 2 Spouse 108 3 Children Only 122 4 A few others 193 5 Small crowd 143 Q105a. Check with others 105A. L'enquêté a t-il consulté une autre personne au moins une fois avant de répondre à une question. 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1122 1 Yes 76 Q105b. Influence by others 105B. Pensez qu’une personne a influencé les réponses de l’enquêté au cours de l’entretien ? 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 11 0 No 1146 1 Yes 41 Q105c. Approached by community/ party representatives 105C. Avez-vous été approché par des représentants de la communauté et/ou d’un parti politique ? 1198 -1 1 -1 Missing data 11 0 No 1186 1 Yes 1 Q105d. Interviewer feel threatened 105D. Vous êtes vous senti menacé pendant l’entretien ? 1198 -1 -1 Missing data 11 0 No 1187 1 Yes 0 Q105e. Interviewer physically threatened 105E. Avez-vous été menacé physiquement pendant l’entretien ? 1198 -1 -1 Missing data 11 0 No 1187 1 Yes 0 Q106. Proportion difficulty answering 106. Pour quelle proportion des questions l’enquêté a t-il eu du mal à répondre ? 1198 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 None 954 1 Few 234 2 Some 8 3 Most 2 4 All 0 Q107a. Trouble answering - first response 107A. Identifiez les questions pour lesquelles l’enquêté a eu du mal à répondre. 1198 -1 1 000 1138 001 4 004 1 011 1 012 1 017 1 026 1 032 1 034 6 035 7 039 1 043 5 044 1 052 2 053 1 055 1 056 1 065 1 071 1 077 1 082 2 085 1 088 1 097 6 099 6 100 1 52A 1 54E 1 77A 2 Q107b. Trouble answering - second response 107B. Identifiez les questions pour lesquelles l’enquêté a eu du mal à répondre. 1198 -1 1 000 1168 005 1 014 1 018 1 025 1 035 3 040 1 043 3 044 3 054 1 055 2 059 1 086 1 088 1 092 1 097 1 098 4 52B 1 77B 2 Q107c. Trouble answering - third response 107C. Identifiez les questions pour lesquelles l’enquêté a eu du mal à répondre. 1198 -1 1 000 1180 006 1 032 1 035 1 037 2 043 1 044 3 045 1 055 1 056 1 066 1 088 1 089 1 099 2 Q108a. Respondent friendly 108A. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien? Il ou elle était 1198 -1 3 -1 Missing data 2 1 Friendly 1125 2 In between 66 3 Hostile 5 Q108b. Respondent interested 108B. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien? Il ou elle était 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 Interested 1100 2 In between 79 3 Bored 19 Q108c. Respondent cooperative 108C. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien ? Il ou elle était 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 Cooperative 1116 2 In between 73 3 Uncooperative 9 Q108d. Respondent patient 108D. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien ? Il ou elle était 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 Patient 1055 2 In between 84 3 Impatient 59 Q108e. Respondent at ease 108E. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien ? Il ou elle était 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 At ease 1086 2 In between 81 3 Suspicious 31 Q108f. Respondent honest 108F. Quelle était l’attitude de l’enquêté envers vous pendant l’entretien ? Il ou elle était 1198 1 3 -1 Missing data 0 1 Honest 1124 2 In between 64 3 Misleading 10 Q110. Interviewer's number 110. Numéro Enquêteur 1198 BEN01 58 BEN02 57 BEN03 58 BEN04 59 BEN05 64 BEN06 64 BEN07 64 BEN08 64 BEN09 76 BEN10 76 BEN11 76 BEN12 76 BEN13 70 BEN14 75 BEN15 70 BEN16 70 BEN17 45 BEN18 76 Q111. Interviewer's age 111. Age de l’Enquêteur 1198 23 41 -1 Missing data 0 23 45 24 64 25 216 27 192 28 268 29 59 30 57 32 76 36 75 41 146 Q112. Interviewer's gender 112. Sexe de l'enquêteur 1198 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Male 720 2 Female 478 Q113. Interviewer urban or rural 113. Etes-vous originaire du milieu? 1198 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Rural 765 2 Urban 433 Q114. Interviewer's home language 114. Langue parle à la maison de l'enquêteur. 1198 2 125 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 2 French 59 120 Fon 380 121 Adja 145 122 Bariba 57 123 Dendi 64 124 Yoruba 249 125 Otamari 244 126 Peulh 0 127 Yoa 0 995 Other 0 Q115. Interviewer's education 115. Niveau d’éducation de l’Enquêteur 1198 7 9 -1 Missing 0 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary/high scl 0 5 High school completed 0 6 Post secondary qualifications (not university ) 0 7 Some university 377 8 University completed 605 9 Post graduate 216 Q116a. Post office in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 935 1 Yes 263 9 Can't determine 0 Q116b. School in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 80 1 Yes 1118 9 Can't determine 0 Q116c. Police station in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 887 1 Yes 311 9 Can't determine 0 Q116d. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 742 1 Yes 456 9 Can't determine 0 Q116e. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 681 1 Yes 517 9 Can't determine 0 Q116f. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 961 1 Yes 237 9 Can't determine 0 Q116g. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 460 1 Yes 738 9 Can't determine 0 Q116h. Recreational facilities in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 475 1 Yes 723 9 Can't determine 0 Q116i. Places of worship in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 144 1 Yes 1054 9 Can't determine 0 Q116j. Community buildings in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 668 1 Yes 530 9 Can't determine 0 Q116k. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 531 1 Yes 667 9 Can't determine 0 Q117a. Police in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1118 1 Yes 80 9 Can't determine 0 Q117b. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1171 1 Yes 27 9 Can't determine 0 Q118. Tarred/ paved road 118. A propos du voyage ici: La route au point de départ de la ZD était-elle pavé / goudronnée / en béton? 1198 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 859 1 Yes 339