KEN_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M DDI_KEN_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-06-18 Metadata Editor Version 01 (June 2020) KEN_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2003 Round 2 AFB-R2 2003 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. The survey covered 16 countries in Round 2 (2002-2004). Kenya National coverage Individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] In Rounds 1 through 3, the Afrobarometer did only minimal weighting of data to correct for over- or under-samples of certain populations, usually based on region or urban-rural location. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. ken_r2_data.sav 2398 338 .sav Afrobarometer round 2 survey data. Respondent number Respondent Number 2398 Household back-checked? Household back-checked? 2398 1 2 1 Yes 591 2 No 1807 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 2398 1 2 1 Urban 482 2 Rural 1916 Province Region 2398 Central 296 Coast 208 Eastern 390 Nairobi 176 North Eastern 120 Nyanza 352 Rift-Valley 584 Western 272 District District 2398 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 1 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 289 2 Person selected was never at home 140 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 227 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 27 6 Did not fit gender quota 166 7 Other 22 997 Not Applicable 1521 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 2 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 73 2 Person selected was never at home 88 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 135 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 11 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 16 6 Did not fit gender quota 122 7 Other 9 997 Not Applicable 1944 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 3 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 36 2 Person selected was never at home 21 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 47 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 14 6 Did not fit gender quota 60 7 Other 3 997 Not Applicable 2211 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 4 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 3 2 Person selected was never at home 7 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 18 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 4 6 Did not fit gender quota 28 7 Other 3 997 Not Applicable 2329 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 5 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 4 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 6 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 12 7 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2373 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 6 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 2398 1 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 2 Person selected was never at home 1 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 1 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 2 7 Other 1 997 Not Applicable 2391 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 7 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 2398 7 997 -1 Missing data 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 Other 1 997 Not Applicable 2397 Previous interview, gender Previous interview was with a 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing data 197 1 Male 1116 2 Female 1085 This interview, gender This interview must be with a 2398 1 2 1 Male 1198 2 Female 1200 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2398 1 2 1 1 2349 2 2 49 Date of Interview Date of interview 2398 2003-08-17 33 2003-08-18 126 2003-08-19 11 2003-08-20 8 2003-08-21 12 2003-08-22 173 2003-08-23 182 2003-08-24 179 2003-08-25 153 2003-08-26 173 2003-08-27 164 2003-08-28 160 2003-08-29 169 2003-08-30 170 2003-08-31 117 2003-09-01 131 2003-09-02 80 2003-09-03 94 2003-09-04 49 2003-09-05 53 2003-09-06 25 2003-09-07 15 2003-09-08 16 2003-09-09 15 2003-09-10 10 2003-09-11 11 2003-09-12 8 2003-09-13 4 2003-09-14 16 2003-09-15 6 2003-09-16 6 2003-09-17 5 2003-09-21 8 2003-09-22 8 2003-09-23 8 Time interview started Time interview started 2398 Q1a. Country's present economic condition 1A. Let’s begin by talking about economic conditions. In general, how would you describe: The present economic conditions of this country? 2398 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 246 2 Fairly bad 505 3 Neither good nor bad 549 4 Fairly good 1009 5 Very good 56 9 Don't know 33 98 Refused 0 Q1b. Your present living conditions 1B. In general, how would you describe: Your own present living conditions? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Very Bad 289 2 Fairly bad 569 3 Neither good nor bad 603 4 Fairly good 882 5 Very good 46 9 Don't know 3 98 Refused 0 Q2a. Country's economic condition vs. neighbours 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Much Worse 40 2 Worse 384 3 Same 415 4 Better 1026 5 Much Better 128 9 Don't know 401 98 Refused 0 Q2b. Your living conditions vs. others 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 11 1 Much Worse 92 2 Worse 504 3 Same 893 4 Better 710 5 Much Better 80 9 Don't know 108 98 Refused 0 Q3a. Country's economic condition 12 months ago 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Much Worse 109 2 Worse 447 3 Same 568 4 Better 1040 5 Much Better 184 9 Don't know 47 98 Refused 0 Q3b. Your living conditions 12 months ago 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 1 Much Worse 87 2 Worse 414 3 Same 820 4 Better 927 5 Much Better 128 9 Don't know 14 98 Refused 0 Q4a. Country's economic condition in 12 months 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Much Worse 19 2 Worse 85 3 Same 175 4 Better 1293 5 Much Better 586 9 Don't know 233 98 Refused 0 Q4b. Your living conditions in 12 months 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 1 Much Worse 23 2 Worse 69 3 Same 217 4 Better 1300 5 Much Better 522 9 Don't know 257 98 Refused 0 Q5a. First meaning of "poor" 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing data 1 0 Nothing 0 1 Lack of food 548 2 Lack of shelter 147 3 Lack of clothing 54 4 Lack of money 432 5 Low living standards 146 6 Lack of social amenities 1 7 Lack of education/knowledge 68 8 Lack of employment/job 165 9 Low levels of health 52 10 Powerlessness 4 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 3 12 Any life-threatening situation 0 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 16 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 2 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 0 16 Psychological status/mental health 12 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 5 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 12 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 36 21 Lack of family/social support network 4 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 19 23 Beggar/destitute 11 24 Unreligious 1 25 A farmer 0 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified) 1 27 No water 9 28 No electricity 2 29 No cattle or livestock 95 30 No land 161 31 No vehicle/car 0 32 In debt 0 33 To have too many children to support 3 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 3 36 To depend on or revert to crime 0 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 2 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 1 39 To have to rely on others for help 26 40 Low social status/no community standing 1 41 Street children/living on the street 0 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 1 43 Unable to contribute to the country 0 49 Drought/lack of rain 2 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 28 51 Handicapped 166 52 Racism/Suffering from discrimination 0 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad, miserable, poor of spirit 6 55 Having lots of problems, difficult life 8 56 Lack of opportunities 2 57 Lack of common sense 7 58 A natural condition 0 59 A national problem 5 60 Lack of assets, property, wealth 66 61 Lack of school fees 24 62 Insecurity, lack of peace 2 63 Being rural 1 64 Income below a certain level 8 75 Can't afford luxuries 0 81 An orphan, no parents 14 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 0 170 Having bad luck, misfortune 0 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of businesses or markets 3 995 Other 8 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 4 Q5b. Second meaning of "poor" 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 1 1 Lack of food 381 2 Lack of shelter 327 3 Lack of clothing 184 4 Lack of money 230 5 Low living standards 93 6 Lack of social amenities 0 7 Lack of education/knowledge 92 8 Lack of employment/job 145 9 Low levels of health 89 10 Powerlessness 4 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 4 12 Any life-threatening situation 0 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 30 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 2 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 2 16 Psychological status/mental health 9 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 6 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 16 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 28 21 Lack of family/social support network 11 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 17 23 Beggar/destitute 8 24 Unreligious 2 25 A farmer 1 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified) 7 27 No water 16 28 No electricity 2 29 No cattle or livestock 72 30 No land 183 31 No vehicle/car 2 32 In debt 2 33 To have too many children to support 6 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 7 36 To depend on or revert to crime 1 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 4 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 0 39 To have to rely on others for help 20 40 Low social status/no community standing 0 41 Street children/living on the street 1 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 4 43 Unable to contribute to the country 0 49 Drought/lack of rain 1 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 6 51 Handicapped 93 52 Racism/Suffering from discrimination 0 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad, miserable, poor of spirit 8 55 Having lots of problems, difficult life 6 56 Lack of opportunities 0 57 Lack of common sense 7 58 A natural condition 0 59 A national problem 3 60 Lack of assets, property, wealth 37 61 Lack of school fees 62 62 Insecurity, lack of peace 11 63 Being rural 1 64 Income below a certain level 5 65 1 75 Can't afford luxuries 0 81 An orphan, no parents 13 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 2 170 Having bad luck, misfortune 0 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of businesses or markets 4 995 Other 15 996 No further answer 114 Q5c. Third meaning of "poor" 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 1 1 Lack of food 210 2 Lack of shelter 311 3 Lack of clothing 215 4 Lack of money 169 5 Low living standards 94 6 Lack of social amenities 5 7 Lack of education/knowledge 116 8 Lack of employment/job 92 9 Low levels of health 124 10 Powerlessness 3 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 5 12 Any life-threatening situation 0 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 28 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 3 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 0 16 Psychological status/mental health 15 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 0 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 15 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 12 21 Lack of family/social support network 13 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 11 23 Beggar/destitute 5 24 Unreligious 1 25 A farmer 0 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified) 2 27 No water 19 28 No electricity 0 29 No cattle or livestock 54 30 No land 130 31 No vehicle/car 4 32 In debt 2 33 To have too many children to support 9 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 4 36 To depend on or revert to crime 1 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 3 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 0 39 To have to rely on others for help 24 40 Low social status/no community standing 3 41 Street children/living on the street 0 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 5 43 Unable to contribute to the country 1 49 Drought/lack of rain 5 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 2 51 Handicapped 63 52 Racism/Suffering from discrimination 0 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad, miserable, poor of spirit 10 55 Having lots of problems, difficult life 2 56 Lack of opportunities 4 57 Lack of common sense 5 58 A natural condition 0 59 A national problem 1 60 Lack of assets, property, wealth 25 61 Lack of school fees 67 62 Insecurity, lack of peace 9 63 Being rural 0 64 Income below a certain level 1 65 2 75 Can't afford luxuries 0 81 An orphan, no parents 24 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 2 170 Having bad luck, misfortune 0 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of businesses or markets 9 995 Other 15 996 No further answer 443 Q6a. Score self rich/poor today 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 4 0 00 171 1 01 136 2 02 297 3 03 413 4 04 386 5 05 675 6 06 136 7 07 43 8 08 19 9 09 5 10 10 61 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 52 Q6b. Score parent rich/poor 10 years ago 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 6 0 00 189 1 01 200 2 02 272 3 03 323 4 04 314 5 05 444 6 06 204 7 07 141 8 08 112 9 09 38 10 10 87 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 68 Q6c. Score children rich/poor in future 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 6 0 00 23 1 01 15 2 02 31 3 03 54 4 04 58 5 05 279 6 06 255 7 07 289 8 08 386 9 09 236 10 10 680 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 86 Q7a. Depend on earning wage or salary 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing 4 0 Not at All 1459 1 A Little 521 2 A Lot 414 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q7b. Depend on buying and selling goods 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing 5 0 Not at All 1383 1 A Little 635 2 A Lot 375 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q7c. Depend on work in-kind 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Not at All 1699 1 A Little 464 2 A Lot 223 9 Don't Know 3 98 Refused 0 Q7d. Depend on employing others to work for you 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing 8 0 Not at All 1801 1 A Little 484 2 A Lot 105 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q7e. Depend on community savings group 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 0 Not at All 1513 1 A Little 661 2 A Lot 209 9 Don't Know 5 98 Refused 0 Q7f. Depend on borrowing money from friends or family 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing 3 0 Not at All 1236 1 A Little 985 2 A Lot 174 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q7g. Depend on borrowing money from a bank 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Not at All 2039 1 A Little 274 2 A Lot 70 9 Don't Know 8 98 Refused 0 Q7h. Depend on receiving money from family working elsewhere in the country 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 Not at All 1709 1 A Little 554 2 A Lot 127 9 Don't Know 2 98 Refused 0 Q7i. Depend on receiving money from family working in other countries 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Not at All 2230 1 A Little 112 2 A Lot 46 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q7j-ken. Depend on receiving assistance from others 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 Not at All 1970 1 A Little 332 2 A Lot 83 9 Don't Know 7 98 Refused 0 Q8a. Time spent working to earn money 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Spend no time 831 1 Less than 1 hour 60 2 1-2 hours 107 3 3-5 hours 270 4 More than 5 hours 1121 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 Q8b. Time spent growing own food 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Spend no time 623 1 Less than 1 hour 118 2 1-2 hours 241 3 3-5 hours 581 4 More than 5 hours 823 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 Q8c. Time spent doing household work 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Spend no time 423 1 Less than 1 hour 387 2 1-2 hours 666 3 3-5 hours 483 4 More than 5 hours 428 9 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 Q8d1. Time spent caring for own family's children 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 12 0 Spend no time 473 1 Less than 1 hour 300 2 1-2 hours 526 3 3-5 hours 474 4 More than 5 hours 608 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 Q8d2. Time spent caring for orphaned children 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 14 0 Spend no time 1621 1 Less than 1 hour 198 2 1-2 hours 224 3 3-5 hours 146 4 More than 5 hours 179 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q8e. Time spent caring for sick household members 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Spend no time 946 1 Less than 1 hour 376 2 1-2 hours 441 3 3-5 hours 263 4 More than 5 hours 300 9 Don't know 63 98 Refused 0 Q8f. Time spent taking care of own illness 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 0 Spend no time 865 1 Less than 1 hour 391 2 1-2 hours 342 3 3-5 hours 300 4 More than 5 hours 407 9 Don't know 85 98 Refused 0 Q9a. How often gone without food 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 Never 1041 1 Just once or twice 485 2 Several times 518 3 Many times 298 4 Always 48 9 Don't Know 2 98 Refused 0 Q9b. How often gone without water 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 1295 1 Just once or twice 251 2 Several times 488 3 Many times 262 4 Always 97 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q9c. How often gone without medical care 2398 -1 4 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 757 1 Just once or twice 435 2 Several times 745 3 Many times 361 4 Always 99 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q9d. How often gone without electricity 2398 -1 7 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 188 1 Just once or twice 87 2 Several times 118 3 Many times 37 4 Always 38 7 No access to electricity 1929 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q9e. How often gone without cooking fuel 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1340 1 Just once or twice 426 2 Several times 428 3 Many times 171 4 Always 29 9 Don't Know 2 98 Refused 0 Q9f. How often gone without cash income 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 0 Never 347 1 Just once or twice 427 2 Several times 809 3 Many times 546 4 Always 259 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q10a. Who assists with food 2398 -1 7 -1 Missing 5 0 No-one 270 1 Kin 546 2 Community 228 3 Market 274 4 Government 27 5 Illicit 1 7 Not Applicable 1047 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q10b. Who assists with water 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 0 No-one 232 1 Kin 92 2 Community 483 3 Market 210 4 Government 74 5 Illicit 1 7 Not Applicable 1299 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q10c. Who assists with medical care 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 15 0 No-one 344 1 Kin 306 2 Community 221 3 Market 353 4 Government 393 5 Illicit 5 7 Not Applicable 758 9 Don't Know 3 98 Refused 0 Q10d. Who assists with electricity 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 No-one 108 1 Kin 8 2 Community 2 3 Market 74 4 Government 80 5 Illicit 1 7 Not Applicable 2118 9 Don't Know 5 98 Refused 0 Q10e. Who assists with cooking fuel 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 No-one 200 1 Kin 157 2 Community 308 3 Market 357 4 Government 13 5 Illicit 18 7 Not Applicable 1342 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q10f. Who assists with cash income 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 0 No-one 525 1 Kin 1018 2 Community 330 3 Market 111 4 Government 43 5 Illicit 4 7 Not Applicable 356 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q11a. How often feared crime in home 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1010 1 Just once or twice 433 2 Several times 457 3 Many times 271 4 Always 225 9 Don't Know 1 98 Refused 0 Q11b. How often home broken into 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1460 1 Just once or twice 577 2 Several times 262 3 Many times 85 4 Always 11 9 Don't Know 2 98 Refused 0 Q11b1-KEN How often crops or livestock stolen 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Never 1468 1 Just once or twice 429 2 Several times 337 3 Many times 137 4 Always 18 9 Don't Know 6 98 Refused 0 Q11c. How often physically attacked 2398 0 4 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1980 1 Just once or twice 271 2 Several times 102 3 Many times 38 4 Always 7 9 Don't Know 0 98 Refused 0 Q12. Prefer market or government-run economy 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 STATEMENT C: doesn't matter 110 2 STATEMENT B: government-run economy 1135 3 STATEMENT A: market economy 1028 9 Don't know 120 98 Refused 0 Q13a. Government plans production and distribution 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Disapprove 200 2 Disapprove 445 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 158 4 Approve 957 5 Strongly Approve 537 9 Don't Know 97 98 Refused 0 Q13b. Individuals decide what to produce, buy, sell 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Disapprove 140 2 Disapprove 442 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 190 4 Approve 981 5 Strongly Approve 562 9 Don't Know 79 98 Refused 0 Q13c. People go back to the land 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 15 1 Strongly Disapprove 211 2 Disapprove 431 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 246 4 Approve 938 5 Strongly Approve 482 9 Don't Know 75 98 Refused 0 Q13d. Economic experts make important decisions 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 1 Strongly Disapprove 620 2 Disapprove 518 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 197 4 Approve 575 5 Strongly Approve 237 9 Don't Know 241 98 Refused 0 Q13e. Wealthy people provide for community needs 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 1 Strongly Disapprove 417 2 Disapprove 475 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 197 4 Approve 825 5 Strongly Approve 390 9 Don't Know 84 98 Refused 0 Q14. Free schooling vs. user fees 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 10 1 Agree very strongly with A 1005 2 Agree with A 279 3 Agree with B 359 4 Agree very strongly with B 678 5 Agree with neither 61 9 Don't know 6 98 Refused 0 Q15. Privatized agricultural marketing vs. government control 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Agree very strongly with A 336 2 Agree with A 308 3 Agree with B 713 4 Agree very strongly with B 804 5 Agree with neither 117 9 Don't know 115 98 Refused 0 Q16. More jobs, low wages vs. fewer jobs, high wages 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 1644 2 Agree with A 436 3 Agree with B 145 4 Agree very strongly with B 120 5 Agree with neither 38 9 Don't know 12 98 Refused 0 Q17. Respect for property rights vs. right to seize 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Agree very strongly with A 1313 2 Agree with A 748 3 Agree with B 135 4 Agree very strongly with B 80 5 Agree with neither 50 9 Don't know 71 98 Refused 0 Q18. Civil servants keep jobs vs. lay offs to reduce costs 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 1170 2 Agree with A 633 3 Agree with B 286 4 Agree very strongly with B 180 5 Agree with neither 85 9 Don't know 42 98 Refused 0 Q19. Allow imports vs. protect local producers 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 261 2 Agree with A 207 3 Agree with B 637 4 Agree very strongly with B 1156 5 Agree with neither 45 9 Don't know 89 98 Refused 0 Q20. Abandon economic reforms vs. accept hardships 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 138 2 Agree with A 183 3 Agree with B 823 4 Agree very strongly with B 1029 5 Agree with neither 59 9 Don't know 164 98 Refused 0 Q21. Economic policies helped most vs. hurt most 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 304 2 Agree with A 253 3 Agree with B 717 4 Agree very strongly with B 872 5 Agree with neither 94 9 Don't know 156 98 Refused 0 Q22a. Present vs. past: Availability of goods 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 49 2 Worse 272 3 About the same 715 4 Better 1098 5 Much Better 224 9 Don't know 39 98 Refused 0 Q22b. Present vs. past: People's living standard 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 100 2 Worse 397 3 About the same 763 4 Better 967 5 Much Better 137 9 Don't know 33 98 Refused 0 Q22c. Present vs. past: Job opportunities 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 244 2 Worse 584 3 About the same 721 4 Better 642 5 Much Better 111 9 Don't know 95 98 Refused 0 Q22d. Present vs. past: Gap between rich and poor 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 320 2 Worse 600 3 About the same 817 4 Better 434 5 Much Better 81 9 Don't know 145 98 Refused 0 Q22e. Present vs. past: Security of property 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Much Worse 88 2 Worse 266 3 About the same 615 4 Better 1006 5 Much Better 209 9 Don't know 213 98 Refused 0 Q23. Satisfied with government's reduced economic role 23. As you may know, the government has reduced its role in the economy. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way this policy works? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Government has not reduced its role 54 1 Not at all satisfied 180 2 Not very satisfied 374 3 Fairly satisfied 1244 4 Very satisfied 361 9 Don't Know 183 98 Refused 0 Q24a. Member of religious group 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Not a Member 286 1 Inactive Member 431 2 Active Member 1427 3 Official Leader 247 9 Don't Know 3 98 Refused 0 Q24b. Member of trade union or farmers association 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not a Member 1717 1 Inactive Member 204 2 Active Member 398 3 Official Leader 38 9 Don't Know 40 98 Refused 0 Q24c. Member of professional or business association 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Not a Member 1932 1 Inactive Member 130 2 Active Member 276 3 Official Leader 23 9 Don't Know 34 98 Refused 0 Q24d. Member of community development association 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Not a Member 1291 1 Inactive Member 211 2 Active Member 754 3 Official Leader 116 9 Don't Know 22 98 Refused 0 Q24e-KEN Member of ethnic/home welfare organization 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Not a Member 1414 1 Inactive Member 187 2 Active Member 704 3 Official Leader 62 9 Don't Know 28 98 Refused 0 Q24f-KEN Member of music/sports group 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Not a Member 1839 1 Inactive Member 90 2 Active Member 396 3 Official Leader 48 9 Don't Know 23 98 Refused 0 Q25a. Discuss politics 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No, would never do this 351 1 No, but would do if had the chance 285 2 Yes, once or twice 435 3 Yes, several times 842 4 Yes, often 475 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 Q25b. Attend a community meeting 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No, would never do this 196 1 No, but would do if had the chance 375 2 Yes, once or twice 576 3 Yes, several times 926 4 Yes, often 316 9 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 Q25c. Join others to raise an issue 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No, would never do this 303 1 No, but would do if had the chance 492 2 Yes, once or twice 572 3 Yes, several times 793 4 Yes, often 228 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 Q25d. Attend a demonstration or protest march 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No, would never do this 1324 1 No, but would do if had the chance 653 2 Yes, once or twice 216 3 Yes, several times 146 4 Yes, often 41 9 Don't know 13 98 Refused 0 Q25e. Used force or violence for political cause 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No, would never do this 2095 1 No, but would do if had the chance 188 2 Yes, once or twice 47 3 Yes, several times 32 4 Yes, often 15 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q26a. Radio news 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 117 1 Less than once a month 38 2 A few times a month 81 3 A few times a week 332 4 Every day 1827 9 Don't know 2 98 Refused 0 Q26b. Television news 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1110 1 Less than once a month 186 2 A few times a month 224 3 A few times a week 336 4 Every day 521 9 Don't know 20 98 Refused 0 Q26c. Newspaper news 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 869 1 Less than once a month 260 2 A few times a month 348 3 A few times a week 540 4 Every day 364 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q27. Interest in public affairs 27. How interested are you in public affairs? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 Not interested 405 1 Somewhat interested 980 2 Very interested 980 9 Don't know 28 98 Refused 0 q27a-KEN Registered to vote 2398 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 No 462 2 Yes 1936 9 Don't know 0 98 Refused 0 Q27b-ken. Constituency 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing data 39 1 Makadara 10 2 Kamkunji 19 3 Starehe 10 4 Langata 14 5 Dagoretti 11 6 Westlands 12 7 Kasarani 16 8 Embakasi 18 9 Changamwe 23 10 Kisauni 12 11 Likoni 2 12 Mvita 7 13 Msambweni 13 14 Matuga 10 15 Kinango 0 16 Bahari 25 17 Kaloleni 10 18 Ganze 0 19 Malindi 10 20 Magarini 0 21 Garsen 0 22 Galole 0 23 Bura 1 24 Lamu East 15 25 Lamu West 7 26 Taveta 8 27 Wundanyi 2 28 Mwatate 14 29 Voi 2 30 Dujis 5 31 Lagdera 8 32 Fafi 12 33 Ijara 0 34 Wajir North 0 35 Wajir West 24 36 Wajir East 26 37 Wajir South 2 38 Mandera West 0 39 Mandera Central 20 40 Mandera East 8 41 Moyale 0 42 North Horr 0 43 Saku 6 44 Laisamis 6 45 Isiolo North 7 46 Isiolo South 0 47 Igembe 7 48 Ntonyiri 14 49 Tigania West 1 50 Tigania East 18 51 North Imenti 13 52 Central Imenti 0 53 South Imenti 32 54 Nithi 16 55 Tharaka 0 56 Manyatta 0 57 Runyenjes 19 58 Gachoka 0 59 Siakago 1 60 Mwingi North 1 61 Mwingi South 24 62 Kitui West 22 63 Kitui Central 14 64 Mutito 0 65 Kitui South 2 66 Masinga 13 67 Yatta 16 68 Kangundo 16 69 Kathiani 7 70 Machakos Town 1 71 Mwala 11 72 Mbooni 2 73 Kilome 27 74 Kaiti 0 75 Makueni 13 76 Kibwezi 14 77 Kinangop 11 78 Kipipiri 0 79 Ol-Kalou 20 80 Ndaragua 0 81 Tetu 0 82 Kieni 15 83 Mathira 15 84 Othaya 16 85 Mukurweini 0 86 Nyeri Town 0 87 Mwea 14 88 Gichugu 0 89 Ndia 2 90 Kerugoya/Kutus 12 91 Kangema 1 92 Mathioya 0 93 Kiharu 24 94 Kigumo 16 95 Maragwa 5 96 Kandara 7 97 Gatanga 16 98 Gatundu South 9 99 Gatundu North 13 100 Juja 6 101 Githunguri 13 102 Kiambaa 14 103 Kabete 1 104 Limuru 5 105 Lari 4 106 Turkana North 7 107 Turkana Central 5 108 Turkana South 8 109 Kacheliba 1 110 Kapenguria 9 111 Sigor 1 112 Samburu West 0 113 Samburu East 0 114 Kwanza 23 115 Saboti 6 116 Cheregany 15 117 Eldoret North 17 118 Eldoret East 2 119 Eldoret South 11 120 Marakwet East 7 121 Marakwet West 7 122 Keiyo North 14 123 Keiyo South 3 124 Mosop 0 125 Aldai 25 126 Emgwen 5 127 Tinderet 11 128 Baringo East 0 129 Baringo North 14 130 Baringo Central 1 131 Mogotio 0 132 Eldama Ravine 0 133 Laikipia West 19 134 Laikipia East 6 135 Naivasha 24 136 Nakuru Town 8 137 Kuresoi 19 138 Molo 15 139 Rongai 0 140 Subukia 1 141 Kilgoris 21 142 Narok north 0 143 Narok South 12 144 Kajiado North 15 145 Kajiado Central 17 146 Kajiado South 11 147 Bomet 15 148 Chepalungu 0 149 Sotik 11 150 Konoin 11 151 Buret 19 152 Belgut 27 153 Ainamoi 8 154 Kipkelion 0 155 Malava 19 156 Lugari 8 157 Mumias 13 158 Matungu 13 159 Lurambi 9 160 Shinyalu 0 161 Ikolomani 14 162 Butere 10 163 Khwisero 14 164 Emuhaya 0 165 Sabatia 0 166 Vihiga 1 167 Hamisi 0 168 Mt. Elgon 1 169 Kimilili 12 170 Webuye 14 171 Sirisia 18 172 Kanduyi 15 173 Bumula 13 174 Amagoro 1 175 Nambale 14 176 Butula 12 177 Funyula 14 178 Budalangi 2 179 Ugenya 18 180 Alego 11 181 Gem 12 182 Bondo 20 183 Rarieda 0 184 Kisumu Town East 7 185 Kisumu Town West 15 186 Kisumu Rural 2 187 Nyando 9 188 Muhoroni 3 189 Nyakach 18 190 Kasipul-Kabondo 14 191 Karachuonyo 2 192 Rangwe 13 193 Ndhiwa 0 194 Rongo 0 195 Migori 9 196 Uriri 15 197 Nyatike 10 198 Mbita 2 199 Gwasi 1 200 Kuria 13 201 Bonchari 0 202 South Mugirango 16 203 Bomachoge 1 204 Bobasi 25 205 Nyaribari Masaba 15 206 Nyaribari Chache 13 207 Kitutu Chache 1 208 Kitutu Masaba 0 209 West Mugirango 12 210 North Mugirango Borabu 14 997 Not Applicable 462 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 q27c-KEN Voted last election 2398 -1 2 -1 Missing data 43 1 No 580 2 Yes 1775 9 Don't know 0 98 Refused 0 Q28a. Politics and government too complicated 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Strongly Agree 547 2 Agree 1019 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 206 4 Disagree 356 5 Strongly Disagree 122 9 Don't know 142 98 Refused 0 Q28b. Others don't listen to you 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Strongly Agree 147 2 Agree 648 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 352 4 Disagree 808 5 Strongly Disagree 245 9 Don't know 192 98 Refused 0 Q28c. Can make elected representatives listen 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Agree 763 2 Agree 1033 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 191 4 Disagree 193 5 Strongly Disagree 73 9 Don't know 141 98 Refused 0 Q29a. Contact local government councillor 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1668 1 Only once 261 2 A few times 330 3 Often 134 9 Don't know 3 98 Refused 0 Q29a1. Contact District Commissioner 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 2123 1 Only once 148 2 A few times 82 3 Often 28 9 Don't know 15 98 Refused 0 Q29b. Contact Member of Parliament 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1943 1 Only once 221 2 A few times 173 3 Often 58 9 Don't know 1 98 Refused 0 Q29c. Contact official of a government ministry 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1790 1 Only once 232 2 A few times 263 3 Often 107 9 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 Q29d. Contact political party official 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 2010 1 Only once 150 2 A few times 162 3 Often 66 9 Don't know 8 98 Refused 0 Q29e. Contact religious leader 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 917 1 Only once 264 2 A few times 667 3 Often 544 9 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 Q29f. Contact local elders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1087 1 Only once 291 2 A few times 591 3 Often 425 9 Don't know 2 98 Refused 0 Q29g. Contact some other influential person 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 1824 1 Only once 173 2 A few times 241 3 Often 117 9 Don't know 41 98 Refused 0 Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods If response to Q29 was2-6 = not registered, circle Code 7. If response to Q29 was that they were registered to vote (code 1) or “don’t know / Can’t remember (code 9) , ask 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Agree very strongly with A 1633 2 Agree with A 495 3 Agree with B 129 4 Agree very strongly with B 108 5 Agree with neither 13 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Agree very strongly with A 347 2 Agree with A 219 3 Agree with B 644 4 Agree very strongly with B 1111 5 Agree with neither 27 9 Don't know 44 98 Refused 0 Q32. No term limits for president vs. two terms only 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 233 2 Agree with A 185 3 Agree with B 568 4 Agree very strongly with B 1345 5 Agree with neither 31 9 Don't know 34 98 Refused 0 Q33. Parliament makes laws vs. president does 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Agree very strongly with A 1173 2 Agree with A 664 3 Agree with B 156 4 Agree very strongly with B 123 5 Agree with neither 213 9 Don't know 63 98 Refused 0 Q34. Time to deal with problems vs. try another form 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 1283 2 Agree with A 708 3 Agree with B 179 4 Agree very strongly with B 162 5 Agree with neither 28 9 Don't know 35 98 Refused 0 Q35a. Reject one-party rule 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disapprove 1064 2 Disapprove 717 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 53 4 Approve 332 5 Strongly Approve 172 9 Don't Know 58 98 Refused 0 Q35b. Reject rule by elders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Strongly Disapprove 725 2 Disapprove 669 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 203 4 Approve 526 5 Strongly Approve 197 9 Don't Know 72 98 Refused 0 Q35c. Reject military rule 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Strongly Disapprove 1637 2 Disapprove 566 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 32 4 Approve 62 5 Strongly Approve 37 9 Don't Know 61 98 Refused 0 Q35d. Reject one -man rule 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Strongly Disapprove 1584 2 Disapprove 569 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 55 4 Approve 86 5 Strongly Approve 43 9 Don't Know 58 98 Refused 0 Q36a. Present vs. past: Free to say what you think 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 12 2 Worse 45 3 Same 288 4 Better 1331 5 Much Better 669 9 Don't know 51 98 Refused 0 Q36b. Present vs. past: Free to join any organisation 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 11 2 Worse 51 3 Same 322 4 Better 1376 5 Much Better 562 9 Don't know 74 98 Refused 0 Q36c. Present vs. past: Freedom of unjust arrest 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 47 2 Worse 144 3 Same 492 4 Better 1226 5 Much Better 412 9 Don't know 75 98 Refused 0 Q36d. Present vs. past: Voting freedom 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 10 2 Worse 37 3 Same 360 4 Better 1299 5 Much Better 630 9 Don't know 60 98 Refused 0 Q36e. Present vs. past: Ability to influence government 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 22 2 Worse 125 3 Same 517 4 Better 1180 5 Much Better 404 9 Don't know 148 98 Refused 0 Q36f. Present vs. past: Safety from crime and violence 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 70 2 Worse 169 3 Same 601 4 Better 1145 5 Much Better 359 9 Don't know 52 98 Refused 0 Q36g. Present vs. past: Equal treatment for all 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Much Worse 46 2 Worse 106 3 Same 594 4 Better 1178 5 Much Better 357 9 Don't know 115 98 Refused 0 Q37. How democratic 37. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Kenya today? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Not a democracy 39 2 A democracy, with major problems 365 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 1511 4 A full democracy 302 8 Do not understand question/democracy 80 9 Don't know 98 98 Refused 0 Q38. Support for democracy 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 STATEMENT C: Doesn't matter. 124 2 STATEMENT B: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 182 3 STATEMENT A: Democracy preferable. 1924 9 Don't know 164 98 Refused 0 Q39. Democracy for voice vs. for basic needs 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Agree very strongly with A 796 2 Agree with A 520 3 Agree with B 393 4 Agree very strongly with B 502 5 Agree with neither 46 9 Don't know 135 98 Refused 0 Q40. Satisfaction with democracy 40. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Kenya? Are you: 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 0 Kenya is not a democracy 10 1 Not at all satisfied 97 2 Not very satisfied 278 3 Fairly satisfied 1428 4 Very satisfied 448 9 Don't Know 129 98 Refused 0 Q41a. Careful about what you say 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Never 410 1 Rarely 980 2 Often 491 3 Always 413 9 Don't know 101 98 Refused 0 Q41b. Party competition leads to conflict 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 0 Never 239 1 Rarely 800 2 Often 977 3 Always 306 9 Don't know 73 98 Refused 0 Q41c. President ignores the Constitution 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 471 1 Rarely 849 2 Often 590 3 Always 103 9 Don't know 381 98 Refused 0 Q41d. People are treated unequally 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 Never 291 1 Rarely 857 2 Often 843 3 Always 211 9 Don't know 191 98 Refused 0 Q42a. Constitution expresses values and hopes 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disagree 102 2 Disagree 358 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 159 4 Agree 1092 5 Strongly Agree 436 9 Don't know 249 98 Refused 0 Q42b. Courts make binding decisions 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disagree 110 2 Disagree 393 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 195 4 Agree 1162 5 Strongly Agree 424 9 Don't know 112 98 Refused 0 Q42c. People must obey the law 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disagree 153 2 Disagree 385 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 185 4 Agree 1114 5 Strongly Agree 500 9 Don't know 59 98 Refused 0 Q42d. People must pay taxes 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Strongly Disagree 146 2 Disagree 358 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 164 4 Agree 1092 5 Strongly Agree 451 9 Don't know 185 98 Refused 0 Q43a. Trust the President 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 55 1 A little bit 614 2 A lot 935 3 A very great deal 737 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 56 98 Refused 0 Q43b. Trust Parliament 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 152 1 A little bit 883 2 A lot 974 3 A very great deal 308 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 80 98 Refused 0 Q43c. Trust the Electoral Commission 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 139 1 A little bit 875 2 A lot 951 3 A very great deal 269 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 163 98 Refused 0 Q43d. Trust Your District Administration 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 279 1 A little bit 1076 2 A lot 704 3 A very great deal 122 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 216 98 Refused 0 Q43e. Trust your local council 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 357 1 A little bit 1045 2 A lot 700 3 A very great deal 159 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 136 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 Q43f. Trust the ruling party 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 113 1 A little bit 682 2 A lot 1027 3 A very great deal 530 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 45 98 Refused 0 Q43g. Trust opposition political parties 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 1004 1 A little bit 944 2 A lot 310 3 A very great deal 71 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 68 98 Refused 0 Q43h. Trust the military 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 196 1 A little bit 659 2 A lot 963 3 A very great deal 431 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 148 98 Refused 0 Q43i. Trust the police 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 670 1 A little bit 1017 2 A lot 554 3 A very great deal 108 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 48 98 Refused 0 Q43j. Trust courts of law 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 272 1 A little bit 1108 2 A lot 774 3 A very great deal 125 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 118 98 Refused 0 Q43k. Trust traditional leaders/elders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 221 1 A little bit 921 2 A lot 855 3 A very great deal 321 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 79 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 Q43l. Trust government broadcasting service 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 182 1 A little bit 959 2 A lot 898 3 A very great deal 211 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 147 98 Refused 0 Q43m. Trust independent broadcasting services 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 129 1 A little bit 688 2 A lot 810 3 A very great deal 248 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 522 98 Refused 0 Q43o. Trust independent newspapers 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 128 1 A little bit 709 2 A lot 872 3 A very great deal 216 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 472 98 Refused 0 Q43p. Trust traders in local markets 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 318 1 A little bit 1284 2 A lot 590 3 A very great deal 86 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 119 98 Refused 0 Q43q. Trust small businesses/shopkeepers 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 311 1 A little bit 1286 2 A lot 602 3 A very great deal 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 115 98 Refused 0 Q43r. Trust big private corporations 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 302 1 A little bit 949 2 A lot 548 3 A very great deal 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 515 98 Refused 0 Q43s. Trust public corporations 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Not at all 237 1 A little bit 964 2 A lot 614 3 A very great deal 113 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 469 98 Refused 0 Q44pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing data 2 0 Nothing/No problems 1 1 Unemployment 723 2 Management of the economy 238 3 Poverty/destitution 225 4 Farming/agriculture 181 5 Food shortage/famine 89 6 Communications 13 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 26 8 Rates and Taxes 8 9 Education 158 10 Health 137 11 AIDS 31 12 Crime and Security 102 13 Water supply 120 14 Services (other) 4 15 Transportation 45 16 Housing 7 17 Corruption 85 18 Political violence 4 19 Political instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 15 20 Discrimination/inequality 10 21 Gender issues/women's rights 1 22 Democracy/political rights 8 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 1 24 Civil war 2 25 Drought 3 26 Orphans/street children/homeless children 8 27 Infrastructure/roads 62 28 Loans/credit 11 29 Land 18 30 Electricity 16 31 Religious conflict 0 32 Social welfare (care of widows, elderly, poor) 3 33 Social problems (alcohol or drug abuse, prostitution,etc.) 3 34 Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 0 35 Overpopulation 0 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatization of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth problems 0 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 0 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 0 160 Protection of citizens living abroad 0 161 Decentralization 0 163 Environmental problems 0 180 Governance 5 380 Terrorism 2 381 Transitional justice 4 382 Protect/promote/revive business and industry 9 383 Control wild animals 1 384 Lack of rural development 4 995 Other 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 12 Q44pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 2 1 Unemployment 308 2 Management of the economy 195 3 Poverty/destitution 221 4 Farming/agriculture 210 5 Food shortage/famine 123 6 Communications 23 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 31 8 Rates and Taxes 25 9 Education 243 10 Health 265 11 AIDS 86 12 Crime and Security 117 13 Water supply 94 14 Services (other) 4 15 Transportation 63 16 Housing 25 17 Corruption 69 18 Political violence 6 19 Political instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 25 20 Discrimination/inequality 12 21 Gender issues/women's rights 5 22 Democracy/political rights 13 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 0 24 Civil war 2 25 Drought 7 26 Orphans/street children/homeless children 10 27 Infrastructure/roads 68 28 Loans/credit 17 29 Land 12 30 Electricity 49 31 Religious conflict 0 32 Social welfare (care of widows, elderly, poor) 0 33 Social problems (alcohol or drug abuse, prostitution,etc.) 3 34 Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 1 35 Overpopulation 2 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatization of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth problems 0 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 0 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 1 160 Protection of citizens living abroad 0 161 Decentralization 0 163 Environmental problems 0 180 Governance 2 380 Terrorism 3 381 Transitional justice 1 382 Protect/promote/revive business and industry 8 383 Control wild animals 0 384 Lack of rural development 0 995 Other 5 996 No further answer 42 Q44pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 2 1 Unemployment 208 2 Management of the economy 125 3 Poverty/destitution 151 4 Farming/agriculture 155 5 Food shortage/famine 83 6 Communications 27 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 34 8 Rates and Taxes 27 9 Education 219 10 Health 289 11 AIDS 107 12 Crime and Security 154 13 Water supply 120 14 Services (other) 3 15 Transportation 78 16 Housing 23 17 Corruption 104 18 Political violence 7 19 Political instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 30 20 Discrimination/inequality 17 21 Gender issues/women's rights 5 22 Democracy/political rights 11 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 1 24 Civil war 1 25 Drought 8 26 Orphans/street children/homeless children 21 27 Infrastructure/roads 92 28 Loans/credit 13 29 Land 22 30 Electricity 53 31 Religious conflict 0 32 Social welfare (care of widows, elderly, poor) 1 33 Social problems (alcohol or drug abuse, prostitution,etc.) 4 34 Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 3 35 Overpopulation 0 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatization of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth problems 0 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 0 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 0 160 Protection of citizens living abroad 0 161 Decentralization 0 163 Environmental problems 4 180 Governance 6 380 Terrorism 4 381 Transitional justice 5 382 Protect/promote/revive business and industry 4 383 Control wild animals 0 384 Lack of rural development 1 995 Other 4 996 No further answer 172 Q45a. Handling managing the economy 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 60 2 Fairly Badly 256 3 Fairly Well 1675 4 Very Well 286 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 117 98 Refused 0 Q45b. Handling creating jobs 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 244 2 Fairly Badly 780 3 Fairly Well 1096 4 Very Well 138 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 136 98 Refused 0 Q45c. Handling keeping prices stable 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 240 2 Fairly Badly 858 3 Fairly Well 1038 4 Very Well 127 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 131 98 Refused 0 Q45d. Handling narrowing gaps between rich and poor 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 364 2 Fairly Badly 921 3 Fairly Well 797 4 Very Well 110 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 202 98 Refused 0 Q45e. Handling reducing crime 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 127 2 Fairly Badly 423 3 Fairly Well 1414 4 Very Well 377 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 53 98 Refused 0 Q45f. Handling improving basic health services 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 121 2 Fairly Badly 458 3 Fairly Well 1366 4 Very Well 411 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 38 98 Refused 0 Q45g. Handling addressing educational needs 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 41 2 Fairly Badly 109 3 Fairly Well 931 4 Very Well 1297 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 16 98 Refused 0 Q45h. Handling delivering household water 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 463 2 Fairly Badly 822 3 Fairly Well 827 4 Very Well 147 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 135 98 Refused 0 Q45i. Handling ensuring everyone has enough to eat 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 597 2 Fairly Badly 853 3 Fairly Well 714 4 Very Well 106 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 124 98 Refused 0 Q45j. Handling fighting corruption in government 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 57 2 Fairly Badly 204 3 Fairly Well 1303 4 Very Well 704 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 126 98 Refused 0 Q45k. Handling resolving conflicts between communities 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 82 2 Fairly Badly 298 3 Fairly Well 1460 4 Very Well 347 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 207 98 Refused 0 Q45k1. Handling combating malaria 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 76 2 Fairly Badly 316 3 Fairly Well 1341 4 Very Well 545 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 116 98 Refused 0 Q45l. Handling combating HIV/AIDS 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 110 2 Fairly Badly 291 3 Fairly Well 1270 4 Very Well 593 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 130 98 Refused 0 Q45m-KEN Handling terrorism threat 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Very Badly 96 2 Fairly Badly 192 3 Fairly Well 1133 4 Very Well 547 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 426 98 Refused 0 Q46. Resources to combat AIDS vs. other problems 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 1 Agree very strongly with A 509 2 Agree with A 351 3 Agree with B 581 4 Agree very strongly with B 820 5 Agree with neither 79 9 Don't know 53 98 Refused 0 Q47. Proportion of problems solvable 47. What proportion of the country’s problems do you think the government can solve? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None of them 6 1 Very few of them 152 2 Some of them 686 3 Most of them 993 4 All of them 537 9 Don't know 23 98 Refused 0 Q48a. Performance: President 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Disapprove 31 2 Disapprove 111 3 Approve 1154 4 Strongly Approve 1049 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 49 98 Refused 0 Q48b. Performance: Member of Parliament 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Disapprove 233 2 Disapprove 487 3 Approve 1059 4 Strongly Approve 502 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 113 98 Refused 0 Q48c. Performance: District Commissioner 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Strongly Disapprove 106 2 Disapprove 432 3 Approve 1125 4 Strongly Approve 265 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 466 98 Refused 0 Q48d. Performance: Local government councilor 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Strongly Disapprove 203 2 Disapprove 460 3 Approve 1162 4 Strongly Approve 364 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 206 98 Refused 0 Q49a. Responsibilities of Member of Parliament - 1st response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your Member of Parliament? 1st response 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing data 6 0 None/No responsibilities 4 1 Make laws 19 2 Approve/ratify budget 0 3 Listen to the people 60 4 Represent the people 193 5 Check and balance executive branch 0 6 Deliver development 271 7 Fight corruption 6 8 Make the government work better 5 9 Ensure economic equality 5 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 3 11 To ensure justice 3 12 To rule/to govern 12 13 Ensure national unity 7 14 National security 104 15 Interpret laws/constitution 0 16 Civic education 1 17 Environment 0 20 Implement education policies 142 21 Implement health policies 88 22 Create employment 172 23 Control prices 3 24 Control crime 15 25 Manage the macro-economy 19 26 Help the poor 29 27 Improve infrastructure 519 28 International relations 0 29 Ensure/protect/promote democracy 13 30 Handle AIDS issues/AIDS awareness 14 31 Debate/discuss/solve pr 9 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor, elderly) 51 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 24 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 89 35 Housing issues 13 50 Help the population 34 51 Keep promises, obey law 2 60 Improve water supply 182 61 Give feedback from government 0 62 Help people with loans 11 63 Improve electricity supply 72 64 Advise/guide/teach the people 9 65 Assist women 11 66 Reduce or help with taxes 0 67 Connect people and government 5 80 Control the population 2 165 Work for themselves 1 380 Assisting communities or individuals with fundraising 53 381 Promote/support businesses 8 382 Focus on national problems 1 383 Improve sanitation 7 384 Control of or protection from wild animals 7 385 Provide food/help obtain food 26 386 Help self-help groups/projects 6 387 Help needy with school fees 37 388 Assist constituents with personal problems 0 995 Other 11 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 14 Q49b. Responsibilities of Member of Parliament - 2nd response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your Member of Parliament? 2nd response 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 6 1 Make laws 19 2 Approve/ratify budget 0 3 Listen to the people 57 4 Represent the people 106 5 Check and balance executive branch 0 6 Deliver development 182 7 Fight corruption 8 8 Make the government work better 2 9 Ensure economic equality 1 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 6 11 To ensure justice 1 12 To rule/to govern 3 13 Ensure national unity 11 14 National security 102 15 Interpret laws/constitution 0 16 Civic education 0 17 Environment 2 20 Implement education policies 197 21 Implement health policies 208 22 Create employment 139 23 Control prices 2 24 Control crime 19 25 Manage the macro-economy 19 26 Help the poor 24 27 Improve infrastructure 324 28 International relations 0 29 Ensure/protect/promote democracy 6 30 Handle AIDS issues/AIDS awareness 11 31 Debate/discuss/solve pr 7 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor, elderly) 84 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 18 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 89 35 Housing issues 20 50 Help the population 7 51 Keep promises, obey law 7 60 Improve water supply 219 61 Give feedback from government 1 62 Help people with loans 17 63 Improve electricity supply 92 64 Advise/guide/teach the people 19 65 Assist women 4 66 Reduce or help with taxes 0 67 Connect people and government 9 80 Control the population 2 165 Work for themselves 0 380 Assist communities/individuals with fundraising 65 381 Promote/support businesses 16 382 Focus on national problems 0 383 Improve sanitation 3 384 Control of or protection from wild animals 4 385 Provide food/help obtain food 39 386 Help self-help groups/projects 9 387 Help needy with school fees 72 388 Assist constitutents with personal problems 5 995 Other 33 996 No further answer 102 Q49c. Responsibilities of Member of Parliament - 3rd response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your Member of Parliament? 3rd response 2398 -1 996 -1 Missing data 6 1 Make laws 9 2 Approve/ratify budget 1 3 Listen to the people 53 4 Represent the people 79 5 Check and balance executive branch 0 6 Deliver development 124 7 Fight corruption 16 8 Make the government work better 7 9 Ensure economic equality 3 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 5 11 To ensure justice 2 12 To rule/to govern 1 13 Ensure national unity 11 14 National security 100 15 Interpret laws/constitution 0 16 Civic education 2 17 Environment 8 20 Implement education policies 168 21 Implement health policies 228 22 Create employment 127 23 Control prices 5 24 Control crime 26 25 Manage the macro-economy 15 26 Help the poor 16 27 Improve infrastructure 221 28 International relations 1 29 Ensure/protect/promote democracy 9 30 Handle AIDS issues/AIDS awareness 16 31 Debate/discuss/solve pr 6 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor, elderly) 88 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 24 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 89 35 Housing issues 10 50 Help the population 7 51 Keep promises, obey law 1 60 Improve water supply 155 61 Give feedback from government 5 62 Help people with loans 14 63 Improve electricity supply 79 64 Advise/guide/teach the people 4 65 Assist women 2 66 Reduce or help with taxes 1 67 Connect people and government 5 80 Control the population 0 165 Work for themselves 0 380 Assist communities/individuals with fundraising 43 381 Promote/support businesses 17 382 Focus on national problems 8 383 Improve sanitation 6 384 Control of or protection from wild animals 3 385 Provide food/help obtain food 51 386 Help self-help groups/projects 10 387 Help needy with school fees 61 388 Assist constitutents with personal problems 2 995 Other 21 996 No further answer 427 Q50a. Leaders look after people's interests 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 18 0 Never 695 1 Some of the time 1338 2 Most of the time 234 3 Always 79 9 Don't know 34 98 Refused 0 Q50b. Leaders listen to people 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 15 0 Never 787 1 Some of the time 1242 2 Most of the time 241 3 Always 73 9 Don't know 40 98 Refused 0 Q51a. Corruption: Office of the Presidency 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 598 1 Some of them 1229 2 Most of them 142 3 All of them 37 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 391 98 Refused 0 Q51b. Corruption: Elected leaders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 396 1 Some of them 1393 2 Most of them 306 3 All of them 48 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 254 98 Refused 0 Q51c. Corruption: Government officials 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 224 1 Some of them 1263 2 Most of them 655 3 All of them 56 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 199 98 Refused 0 Q51d. Corruption: Police 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 123 1 Some of them 750 2 Most of them 1002 3 All of them 405 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 117 98 Refused 0 Q51e. Corruption: Border officials 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 149 1 Some of them 803 2 Most of them 690 3 All of them 166 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 589 98 Refused 0 Q51f. Corruption: Judges and magistrates 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 222 1 Some of them 1205 2 Most of them 563 3 All of them 106 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 301 98 Refused 0 Q51g. Corruption: Local businessmen 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 273 1 Some of them 1464 2 Most of them 428 3 All of them 67 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 165 98 Refused 0 Q51h. Corruption: Foreign businessmen 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 257 1 Some of them 1190 2 Most of them 379 3 All of them 83 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 488 98 Refused 0 Q51i. Corruption: Teachers and school administrators 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 560 1 Some of them 1368 2 Most of them 272 3 All of them 45 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 152 98 Refused 0 Q51j. Corruption: Religious leaders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 988 1 Some of them 1112 2 Most of them 125 3 All of them 25 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 147 98 Refused 0 Q51k. Corruption: NGO leaders 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 None 459 1 Some of them 1168 2 Most of them 256 3 All of them 56 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 458 98 Refused 0 Q52a. Enforce the law: Serious crime 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Not at all likely 25 2 Not very likely 126 3 Likely 965 4 Very likely 1230 9 Don't know 45 98 Refused 0 Q52b. Enforce the law: Tax evasion 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Not at all likely 70 2 Not very likely 264 3 Likely 1039 4 Very likely 825 9 Don't know 193 98 Refused 0 Q52c. Enforce the law: Services without paying 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Not at all likely 69 2 Not very likely 197 3 Likely 951 4 Very likely 911 9 Don't know 264 98 Refused 0 Q53a. Present vs. past: Ability to enforce the law 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Much Less 9 2 Less 36 3 About the same 260 4 More 1255 5 Much More 802 9 Don't Know 32 98 Refused 0 Q53b. Present vs. past: Effective service delivery 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Much Less 13 2 Less 66 3 About the same 344 4 More 1353 5 Much More 558 9 Don't Know 57 98 Refused 0 Q53c. Present vs. past: Corrupt 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Much Less 648 2 Less 1115 3 About the same 255 4 More 190 5 Much More 99 9 Don't Know 87 98 Refused 0 Q53d. Present vs. past: Trustworthy 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Much Less 24 2 Less 81 3 About the same 361 4 More 1219 5 Much More 637 9 Don't Know 69 98 Refused 0 Q53e-KEN Present vs. past: Obedient to the Constitution 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Much Less 18 2 Less 93 3 About the same 527 4 More 1080 5 Much More 490 9 Don't Know 183 98 Refused 0 Q53a_NEW Effectiveness of AU/OAU 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 2 0 00 54 1 01 47 2 02 98 3 03 144 4 04 217 5 05 334 6 06 192 7 07 145 8 08 103 9 09 28 10 10 94 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 940 Q53b_NEW Effectiveness of EU 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 2 0 00 27 1 01 30 2 02 70 3 03 133 4 04 148 5 05 247 6 06 200 7 07 149 8 08 103 9 09 43 10 10 97 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 1149 Q53c_NEW Effectiveness of UN 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 7 0 00 13 1 01 20 2 02 42 3 03 108 4 04 144 5 05 251 6 06 235 7 07 249 8 08 204 9 09 125 10 10 181 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 819 Q53d_NEW Effectiveness of WB 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 6 0 00 33 1 01 25 2 02 49 3 03 91 4 04 144 5 05 280 6 06 262 7 07 226 8 08 204 9 09 121 10 10 177 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 780 Q53e_NEW Effectiveness of IMF 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 5 0 00 28 1 01 30 2 02 51 3 03 100 4 04 138 5 05 284 6 06 256 7 07 228 8 08 189 9 09 96 10 10 159 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 834 Q53f_NEW Effectiveness of WTO 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 7 0 00 41 1 01 31 2 02 65 3 03 103 4 04 165 5 05 233 6 06 207 7 07 152 8 08 121 9 09 52 10 10 115 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 1106 Q53_NEW Effectiveness of EAC 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 3 0 00 29 1 01 42 2 02 69 3 03 92 4 04 156 5 05 246 6 06 246 7 07 198 8 08 211 9 09 117 10 10 145 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 844 Q54. Identity group 54. Let’s go back to talking about you. We have spoken to many kenyans and they have all described themselves in different ways. Some people describe themselves in terms of their language, ethnic group, race, religion, or gender and others describe themselves in economic terms such as working class, middle class, or a farmer. Besides being Kenyan, which specific group do you feel you belong to first and foremost? 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing data 13 0 Can't explain 11 1 Language/tribe/ethnic group 319 2 Race 3 3 Region 2 4 Religion 153 5 Occupation 928 6 Class 136 7 Gender 49 8 Individual/personal 1 10 Won't differentiate/National identity 668 12 Traditional leader 6 13 Political party indentity 0 14 Age-related 20 15 African/West African/Pan African 13 16 Island 0 17 Nomad 0 50 Portuguese 0 51 American 0 60 Family/relationship based 31 61 Marginalized group 2 995 Other 4 998 Refused to answer 12 999 Don't know 27 Q55. Identity group's economic conditions 55. Are ____________s’ [respondent’s identity group] economic conditions worse, the same as, or better than other groups in this country? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 9 1 Much Better 62 2 Better 312 3 About the same 571 4 Worse 474 5 Much Worse 230 7 Not applicable 731 9 Don't know 9 98 Refused 0 Q56. Identity group treated unfairly 56. How often are ___________s [respondent’s identity group] treated unfairly by the government? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 17 0 Never 236 1 Sometimes 876 2 Often 312 3 Always 197 7 Not applicable 731 9 Don't know 29 98 Refused 0 Q57. Group or national identity 57. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Kenyan and being a ________ [respondent’s identity group]. Which of these two groups do you feel most strongly attached to? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 30 0 National identity 1174 1 Group identity 443 7 Not applicable 731 9 Don't know 20 98 Refused 0 Q58a. Difficulty to obtain identity document 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 601 2 Difficult 859 3 Easy 648 4 Very Easy 135 7 Never Try 129 9 Don't know 25 98 Refused 0 Q58b. Difficulty to obtain primary school placement 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 58 2 Difficult 292 3 Easy 1262 4 Very Easy 629 7 Never Try 141 9 Don't know 15 98 Refused 0 Q58c. Difficulty to obtain voter registration card 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 43 2 Difficult 136 3 Easy 1203 4 Very Easy 891 7 Never Try 105 9 Don't know 19 98 Refused 0 Q58d. Difficulty to obtain household services 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 797 2 Difficult 633 3 Easy 208 4 Very Easy 32 7 Never Try 669 9 Don't know 58 98 Refused 0 Q58e. Difficulty to obtain government loan or payment 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 767 2 Difficult 516 3 Easy 126 4 Very Easy 13 7 Never Try 861 9 Don't know 114 98 Refused 0 Q58f. Difficulty to obtain help from the police 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 1 Very Difficult 758 2 Difficult 753 3 Easy 495 4 Very Easy 57 7 Never Try 306 9 Don't know 28 98 Refused 0 Q59a. Pay bribe for: Document or permit 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1701 1 Once or Twice 366 2 A Few Times 194 3 Often 130 9 Don't Know 6 98 Refused 0 Q59b. Pay bribe for: School placement 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 2093 1 Once or Twice 161 2 A Few Times 88 3 Often 42 9 Don't Know 13 98 Refused 0 Q59c. Pay bribe for: Get household service 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 2058 1 Once or Twice 134 2 A Few Times 86 3 Often 41 9 Don't Know 78 98 Refused 0 Q59d. Pay bribe for: Cross a border 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 2116 1 Once or Twice 104 2 A Few Times 55 3 Often 39 9 Don't Know 83 98 Refused 0 Q59e. Pay bribe for: Avoid problem with police 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 0 Never 1727 1 Once or Twice 258 2 A Few Times 235 3 Often 160 9 Don't Know 17 98 Refused 0 Q59f. Pay bribe for: Anything else 2398 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2236 1 Once or Twice 66 2 A Few Times 28 3 Often 28 9 Don't Know 40 98 Refused 0 Q59g. Pay bribe for: Other things for which bribes are paid 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing 37 1 To get a government job 18 2 To get healthcare 19 3 For university placement/exemption 6 6 To get products through customs 0 7 To join a political party 0 80 To obtain justice 1 160 To get a benefit from government 20 180 To get a desired outcome in courts 3 380 To security forces for protection of property 1 381 To avoid or solve a problem with the police 11 995 Other 6 997 Not applicable 2276 Q60. Do if permit/license delay 60. What would you do if you were waiting for a government permit or license, but kept encountering delays? 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing 4 1 Don't worry, just wait 542 2 Offer a tip or a gift to the official 452 3 Use connections to influential people 297 4 Write a letter to the head office 815 5 Do what you want without the permit 92 6 Do nothing because nothing can be done 155 380 Go ask why, demand assistance, see the head 7 381 Take them to court 1 995 Other 3 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 30 Q61. People responsible for well-being vs. government 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 516 2 Agree with A 466 3 Agree with B 669 4 Agree very strongly with B 675 5 Agree with neither 51 9 Don't know 18 98 Refused 0 Q62. Community well-being vs. individual interests 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 669 2 Agree with A 578 3 Agree with B 613 4 Agree very strongly with B 483 5 Agree with neither 37 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q63. Wealth differences ok vs. avoid large gaps 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 387 2 Agree with A 353 3 Agree with B 725 4 Agree very strongly with B 843 5 Agree with neither 67 9 Don't know 20 98 Refused 0 Q64. Talk until consensus vs. accept differences 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 561 2 Agree with A 415 3 Agree with B 742 4 Agree very strongly with B 638 5 Agree with neither 25 9 Don't know 14 98 Refused 0 Q65. Question actions of leaders vs. respect authority 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Agree very strongly with A 1167 2 Agree with A 616 3 Agree with B 345 4 Agree very strongly with B 223 5 Agree with neither 32 9 Don't know 11 98 Refused 0 Q66. All vote vs. only educated vote 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 1699 2 Agree with A 467 3 Agree with B 117 4 Agree very strongly with B 69 5 Agree with neither 37 9 Don't know 7 98 Refused 0 Q67. Women subject to traditional laws vs. equal rights 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 355 2 Agree with A 312 3 Agree with B 583 4 Agree very strongly with B 1104 5 Agree with neither 35 9 Don't know 6 98 Refused 0 Q68. Wealthy people as leaders vs. ordinary people 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 180 2 Agree with A 174 3 Agree with B 747 4 Agree very strongly with B 1174 5 Agree with neither 114 9 Don't know 6 98 Refused 0 Q69. Leaders treat all equally vs. help own community 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 1377 2 Agree with A 680 3 Agree with B 175 4 Agree very strongly with B 92 5 Agree with neither 61 9 Don't know 11 98 Refused 0 Q70. Government like a parent vs. an employee 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 3 1 Agree very strongly with A 639 2 Agree with A 420 3 Agree with B 603 4 Agree very strongly with B 631 5 Agree with neither 86 9 Don't know 16 98 Refused 0 Q71a. Violent conflicts within family 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 739 1 Rarely 1046 2 Sometimes 488 3 Often 99 4 Always 20 9 Don't Know 2 98 Refused 0 Q71b. Violent conflicts within community 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 441 1 Rarely 786 2 Sometimes 914 3 Often 215 4 Always 30 9 Don't Know 8 98 Refused 0 Q71c. Violent conflicts between groups in country 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 Never 370 1 Rarely 459 2 Sometimes 1017 3 Often 423 4 Always 74 9 Don't Know 51 98 Refused 0 Q72a. Cause of violent conflicts-- 1st response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 1st response 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing data 37 0 Nothing 0 1 Religion 9 2 Ethnic/tribal differences 183 3 Exclusion from political leadership 0 4 Political party disputes 6 5 Political leadership disputes 139 6 Personal properties / inheritance 19 7 Natural resources 14 8 Boundary or land disputes 659 9 Economic problems 10 10 Social deprivation 57 11 Traditional leadership disputes 1 12 Location of local government centers 0 13 Interpersonal/family matters 4 14 Group conflict 4 15 Corruption/illegal activity 28 16 Labour/workplace disputes 4 17 Sports supporters 0 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 2 19 Personal behaviors 5 20 Crime 21 21 Discrimination/inequality 3 22 Politics/political issues 208 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 50 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 0 25 Overpopulation 0 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 0 27 Unwanted children/orphans 0 28 Business competition 11 29 Loans/unpaid debts 32 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 9 51 Drugs/drug use 1 52 Racism 0 53 Lack of education/ignorance 3 54 Envy, jealousy, gossip 37 55 Lack of respect for others 6 56 Hate 6 60 Poor leadership 16 61 Bad governance 8 62 Disagreements, differences of opinion 22 63 Lack of cooperation, disunity, mistrust 16 64 Insecurity, instability, weapons 3 65 Gender issues 0 66 Witchcraft 1 67 Income distribution, rich vs. poor 31 68 Greed 8 70 Problems over animals/livestock 237 71 International relations 1 72 Disease, deaths 0 86 Cultural differences 4 90 Immigration (incl. illegal) 0 120 Problems over women 9 167 Problems over water 25 168 Fate, destiny 0 171 Decentralization 0 380 Rent/housing issues 21 381 Competition for transport routes 5 382 Political incitement 25 383 Terrorism 4 384 Hawker/street vendor fights 0 385 Intermarriage 0 386 Student unrest 0 995 Other 7 997 Not applicable 370 998 Refused to answer 1 999 Don't know 16 Q72b. Cause of violent conflicts -- 2nd response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 2nd response 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing data 37 1 Religion 14 2 Ethnic/tribal differences 136 3 Exclusion from political leadership 0 4 Political party disputes 5 5 Political leadership disputes 100 6 Personal properties / inheritance 36 7 Natural resources 8 8 Boundary or land disputes 445 9 Economic problems 35 10 Social deprivation 61 11 Traditional leadership disputes 0 12 Location of local government centers 0 13 Interpersonal/family matters 7 14 Group conflict 0 15 Corruption/illegal activity 33 16 Labour/workplace disputes 0 17 Sports supporters 3 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 3 19 Personal behaviors 8 20 Crime 28 21 Discrimination/inequality 11 22 Politics/political issues 181 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 14 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 0 25 Overpopulation 1 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 0 27 Unwanted children/orphans 6 28 Business competition 13 29 Loans/unpaid debts 27 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 17 51 Drugs/drug use 1 52 Racism 0 53 Lack of education/ignorance 10 54 Envy, jealousy, gossip 47 55 Lack of respect for others 10 56 Hate 11 60 Poor leadership 11 61 Bad governance 9 62 Disagreements, differences of opinion 9 63 Lack of cooperation, disunity, mistrust 8 64 Insecurity, instability, weapons 14 65 Gender issues 3 66 Witchcraft 4 67 Income distribution, rich vs. poor 33 68 Greed 6 70 Problems over animals/livestock 294 71 International relations 1 72 Disease, deaths 3 86 Cultural differences 7 90 Immigration (incl. illegal) 2 120 Problems over women 11 167 Problems over water 48 168 Fate, destiny 0 171 Decentralization 0 380 Rent/housing issues 9 381 Competition for transport routes 3 382 Political incitement (deliberate) 52 383 Terrorism 4 384 Hawker/street vendor fights 1 385 Intermarriage (between ethnic groups) 2 386 Student unrest 0 387 Vigilante groups 1 995 Other 13 996 No further answer 172 997 Not applicable 370 Q72c. Cause of violent conflicts -- 3rd response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 3rd response 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing data 37 1 Religion 27 2 Ethnic/tribal differences 138 3 Exclusion from political leadership 1 4 Political party disputes 2 5 Political leadership disputes 80 6 Personal properties / inheritance 28 7 Natural resources 10 8 Boundary or land disputes 267 9 Economic problems 21 10 Social deprivation 50 11 Traditional leadership disputes 0 12 Location of local government centers 0 13 Interpersonal/family matters 14 14 Group conflict 7 15 Corruption/illegal activity 16 16 Labour/workplace disputes 2 17 Sports supporters 1 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 1 19 Personal behaviors 10 20 Crime 33 21 Discrimination/inequality 5 22 Politics/political issues 156 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 21 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 1 25 Overpopulation 0 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 0 27 Unwanted children/orphans 6 28 Business competition 13 29 Loans/unpaid debts 22 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 10 51 Drugs/drug use 2 52 Racism 1 53 Lack of education/ignorance 16 54 Envy, jealousy, gossip 41 55 Lack of respect for others 12 56 Hate 9 60 Poor leadership 9 61 Bad governance 1 62 Disagreements, differences of opinion 8 63 Lack of cooperation, disunity, mistrust 5 64 Insecurity, instability, weapons 14 65 Gender issues 1 66 Witchcraft 3 67 Income distribution, rich vs. poor 18 68 Greed 4 70 Problems over animals/livestock 218 71 International relations 0 72 Disease, deaths 9 86 Cultural differences 9 90 Immigration (incl. illegal) 1 120 Problems over women 11 167 Problems over water 38 168 Fate, destiny 3 171 Decentralization 0 380 Rent/housing issues 8 381 Competition for transport routes 4 382 Political incitement (deliberate) 40 383 Terrorism 1 384 Hawker/street vendor fights 0 385 Intermarriage (between ethnic groups) 0 386 Student unrest 1 387 Vigilante groups 0 995 Other 11 996 No further answer 551 997 Not applicable 370 Q73pt1. Who resolves conflicts -- 1st response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 1st response 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing 37 0 No-one 25 1 The people involved in the conflict 205 2 Family/friends/neighbors 117 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 559 4 Traditional courts 41 5 Local courts 70 6 Local administration 342 7 A religious organization or leader 70 8 A non-governmental organization 4 9 A vigilante group 15 10 The armed forces/police 310 11 Other government agencies 77 12 National courts 18 13 The armed forces of other countries 0 14 International mediators 6 15 Federal Government 0 16 Divine Intervention/God 9 17 All levels of government 17 18 President 40 19 Law makers 44 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime Minister 0 160 Witches, witchcraft, traditional healers 0 380 The cabinet 1 381 Other senior government officials 0 382 Media/press 0 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 6 995 Other 3 997 Not applicable 370 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 12 Q73pt2. Who resolves conflicts -- 2nd response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 2nd response 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing 37 1 The people involved in the conflict 58 2 Family/friends/neighbors 76 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 354 4 Traditional courts 70 5 Local courts 145 6 Local administration 467 7 A religious organization or leader 141 8 A non-governmental organization 14 9 A vigilante group 41 10 The armed forces/police 260 11 Other government agencies 77 12 National courts 21 13 The armed forces of other countries 6 14 International mediators 9 15 Federal Government 0 16 Divine Intervention/God 6 17 All levels of government 2 18 President 15 19 Law makers 43 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime Minister 0 160 Witches, witchcraft, traditional healers 0 380 The cabinet 4 381 Other senior government officials 2 382 Media/press 0 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 0 995 Other 1 996 No further answer 179 997 Not applicable 370 Q73pt3. Who resolves conflicts -- 3rd response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 3rd response 2398 -1 997 -1 Missing 37 1 The people involved in the conflict 77 2 Family/friends/neighbors 70 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 187 4 Traditional courts 59 5 Local courts 154 6 Local administration 220 7 A religious organization or leader 154 8 A non-governmental organization 16 9 A vigilante group 30 10 The armed forces/police 343 11 Other government agencies 127 12 National courts 74 13 The armed forces of other countries 9 14 International mediators 5 15 Federal Government 1 16 Divine Intervention/God 5 17 All levels of government 0 18 President 13 19 Law makers 37 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime Minister 0 160 Witches, witchcraft, traditional healers 1 380 The cabinet 2 381 Other senior government officials 2 382 Media/press 1 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 0 995 Other 3 996 No further answer 401 997 Not applicable 370 Q74. Right to beat vs. no use of violence 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Agree very strongly with A 428 2 Agree with A 318 3 Agree with B 486 4 Agree very strongly with B 1116 5 Agree with neither 43 9 Don't know 3 98 Refused 0 Q75. Turn to police vs. take revenge 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 1477 2 Agree with A 756 3 Agree with B 72 4 Agree very strongly with B 44 5 Agree with neither 44 9 Don't know 3 98 Refused 0 Q76. Violence never justified vs. sometimes necessary 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 1 Agree very strongly with A 1126 2 Agree with A 788 3 Agree with B 245 4 Agree very strongly with B 172 5 Agree with neither 30 9 Don't know 35 98 Refused 0 Q77. Country should remain united vs. country should break apart 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 Agree very strongly with A 1609 2 Agree with A 662 3 Agree with B 64 4 Agree very strongly with B 32 5 Agree with neither 11 9 Don't know 13 98 Refused 0 Q78a-KEN Need for constitutional reform 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 1 Statement A - never necessary 117 2 Statement B - no longer necessary 123 3 Statement C - still necessary 1924 9 Don't know 226 98 Refused 0 Q78b-KEN Need for Prime Minister 78B-KEN. If there is a new constitution, which of the following do you think it should include? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 13 1 No prime minister 495 2 Limited Prime Minister 913 3 Strong/independent Prime Minister 748 9 Don't know 229 98 Refused 0 Q78c-KEN Quality of government appointments 78C-KEN. How important do you believe considerations of merit and ability have been in the appointments to senior government positions under the new government? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 8 1 Very important 1023 2 Somewhat important 858 3 Not very important 263 9 Don't know 246 98 Refused 0 Q79a-KEN Investigate past crimes 79A-KEN. Should the possible crimes of past governments be investigated, and if so, how far back should the investigations go? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 1 No, no investigation 386 2 Yes, Moi era 951 3 Yes, independence era 1014 9 Don't know 40 98 Refused 0 Q79b-KEN Punishment or amnesty - general 79B-KEN. If investigations are conducted, and those investigated are found to be guilty, should there be: 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Do not agree with any of the above 73 1 Full prosecution and punishment 561 2 Amnesty for those who confess and repay 1545 3 Unconditional or complete amnesty 195 9 Don't know 17 98 Refused 0 Q79c-KEN Punishment or amnesty -- Moi 79C-KEN. What about former President Moi? What should be done if he is found to be guilty of any crimes? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 11 0 Do not agree with any of the above 56 1 Full prosecution and punishment 399 2 Amnesty for those who confess and repay 1518 3 Unconditional or complete amnesty 394 9 Don't know 20 98 Refused 0 Q80. Age 80. Finally, let us record a few facts about yourself. How old were you at your last birthday? 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing 1 18 71 19 73 20 94 21 75 22 93 23 95 24 69 25 110 26 82 27 75 28 82 29 73 30 94 31 38 32 73 33 46 34 45 35 79 36 56 37 37 38 67 39 52 40 90 41 30 42 53 43 34 44 26 45 57 46 26 47 24 48 33 49 35 50 41 51 25 52 33 53 28 54 15 55 16 56 16 57 17 58 12 59 12 60 16 61 9 62 9 63 16 64 9 65 11 66 10 67 10 68 7 69 3 70 21 71 3 72 10 73 2 74 3 75 3 76 3 77 2 78 2 79 2 80 5 81 3 82 2 86 1 87 1 88 1 89 3 90 1 99 1 100 1 998 Refused 1 999 Don't know 24 Q81. Head of household 81. Are you the head of the household? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 32 0 No 1078 1 Yes 1283 9 Don't know 5 98 Refused 0 82. In your household, how many children are there under the age of 18? 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 188 0 316 1 302 2 455 3 376 4 318 5 184 6 120 7 54 8 23 9 16 10 12 11 5 12 4 14 3 15 3 16 2 17 2 20 3 24 1 27 1 28 1 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 9 Q83. Language of respondent 83. Which Kenyan language is your home language? 2398 -1 995 -1 Missing 4 1 English 11 2 French 0 3 Portuguese 0 4 Kiswahili 50 380 Kalenjin 280 381 Kamba 270 382 Kikuyu 450 383 Kisii 134 384 Luhya 354 385 Luo 284 386 Maasai/Samburu 53 387 Mijikenda 105 388 Somali 120 389 Taita 26 390 Turkana 35 391 Meru 132 392 Embu 32 393 Borana 21 394 Kuria 17 395 Teso 3 396 Pokot 1 397 Bajuni 7 399 Rendille 6 995 Other 3 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q84. Education of respondent 84. What is the highest level of education you have completed? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 0 No formal schooling 266 1 Informal schooling only 54 2 Some primary schooling 416 3 Primary school completed 486 4 Some secondary school/high school 333 5 Secondary school completed/high school 524 6 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 231 7 Some university 18 8 University completed 52 9 Post-graduate 14 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 0 Q85. Religion of respondent 85. What is your religion, if any? 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing 1 0 None 51 1 Islam 1 2 Catholic 718 3 Protestant (Mainstream) 607 4 Protestant (Evangelical/Pentecostal) 531 5 African Independent Church 150 6 Traditional religion 27 7 Hindu 2 8 Agnostic (Do not know if there is a God) 4 9 Atheist (Do not believe in a God) 1 10 Christian (general) 4 11 Jehovah's Witness 0 12 Seventh Day Adventist/Mormon 12 50 Racionalismo Cristao/Christian Rationalism 0 51 New Apostolic 3 52 Jesus Christ of the Last Days 1 380 Sunni Muslim 217 381 Ithnashiri Muslim (Shi'a) 3 382 Ismaili Muslim (Shi'a) 9 383 Khodja Muslim (Shi'a) 2 384 Bohra Muslim (Shi'a) 0 385 Memon Muslim (Shi'a) 1 386 Other Muslim 14 387 Quaker 31 388 Neo-traditional religion (Munigiki, Tent of Living God) 5 995 Other 2 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 1 Q86. How often attend religious services 86. Excluding weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 6 1 Never 84 2 About once a year or less 37 3 About once every several months 82 4 About once a month 221 5 About once a week 1270 6 More than once a week 690 9 Don't know 8 98 Refused 0 Q87a. Close to political party 87A. Do you feel close to any particular political party? If so, which party is that? 2398 -1 999 -1 Missing 5 0 No, not close to any party 759 380 Yes, Democratic Party (DP) 46 381 Yes, Ford-Asili 3 382 Yes, Ford-K 25 383 Yes, Ford People (F/P) 53 384 Yes, Islamic Party of Kenya 1 385 Yes, Kenya African National Union (KANU) 108 386 Yes, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 122 387 Yes, National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) 1242 388 Yes, National Party of Kenya (NPK) 9 389 Yes, Safina 0 390 Yes, Shirikisho 0 391 Yes, Sisi kwa Sisi 0 392 Yes, Social Democratic Party (SDP) 0 995 Other 3 998 Refused to answer 12 999 Don't know 10 Q87b. How close to this political party 87B. Do you feel very close to this party, somewhat close, or not very close? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 4 1 Not very close 137 2 Somewhat close 550 3 Very close 917 7 Not applicable 786 9 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 Q88. Main occupation 88. What is your main occupation? (If unemployed, retired, or disabled, what was your last main occupation?) 2398 -1 995 -1 Missing 9 0 Never had a job 248 1 Farmer (produces only for home consumption) 320 2 Farmer (produces surplus for sale) 570 3 Farmer (produces mainly for sale) 30 4 Farm worker 40 5 Fisherman 11 6 Trader/Hawker/Vendor 96 7 Businessperson 230 8 Professional Worker (e.g., lawyer, accountant, nurse, etc.) 93 9 Supervisor/Foreman 13 10 Clerical Worker 27 12 Miner 6 14 Domestic Worker/Maid/Char/Househelp 14 15 Teacher 100 16 Government Worker 39 17 Armed Services/Police/ Security Personnel 19 18 Student 111 19 Housewife/Works In the Household 153 22 Retail worker 16 23 Artisan/skilled manual worker - formal sector 27 24 Artisan/skilled manual worker - informal sector 87 25 Unskilled manual in the formal sector 23 26 Unskilled manual worker in the informal sector 68 27 Driver 9 50 Marine/sailor 0 60 Traditional healer 1 161 Local chief, headman, leader 0 380 Religious leader 12 381 Pastoralist 17 382 Catering/cook/chef 4 990 Unemployed 1 991 Retired 1 992 Disabled 0 993 Anything 0 995 Other 3 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q89. Employment status 89. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? Is it full-time or part-time? And are you presently looking for a job (even if you are presently working)? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 No (not looking) 862 1 No (looking) 661 2 Yes, part time (not looking) 90 3 Yes, part time (looking) 262 4 Yes, full time (not looking) 311 5 Yes, full time (looking) 200 9 Don't know 7 98 Refused 0 Q90. Household income 90. Before taxes, how much money do you (and your spouse together) earn per month? 2398 -1 99 -1 Missing 5 0 None 594 1 Less than KSh 500 137 2 KSh 501-1000 209 3 KSh 1001-1500 132 4 KSh 1501-2500 193 5 KSh 2501-5000 284 6 KSh 5001-7500 174 7 KSh 7501-15,000 170 8 KSh 15,001-25,000 69 9 KSh 25,001-50,000 53 10 Over KSh 50,000 17 98 Refused 159 99 Don't know 202 Q91. Government salary in household 91 Do you or your household rely on the income of anyone who works for the government? [If “No,” interviewer prompted 1:] Including anyone who works for local government as well as central government? [If still “No,” interviewer prompted 2:] Including anyone who works as a teacher in a public school? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 No 1812 1 Yes 565 9 Don't know 14 98 Refused 0 Q92. Household financial situation 92. How would you describe your household financial situation in the last year? Did you save money, spend all your income, spend some of your own savings, or borrow money to live on? 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 5 0 Both spend savings AND borrow money 197 1 Borrow money to live on 184 2 Spend some savings 247 3 Spend all income (break even) 1310 4 Save money 328 9 Don't know 127 98 Refused 0 Q93a. Physical health 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 2 0 Never 911 1 Just once or twice 969 2 Many times 484 3 Always 29 9 Don't Know 3 98 Refused 0 Q93b. Mental health 2398 -1 9 -1 Missing 7 0 Never 784 1 Just once or twice 774 2 Many times 685 3 Always 137 9 Don't Know 11 98 Refused 0 Q94. Died of AIDS 94. How many close friends or relatives do you know who have died of AIDS? 2398 0 999 -1 Missing 0 0 436 1 159 2 209 3 206 4 152 5 207 6 95 7 51 8 47 9 29 10 198 11 5 12 25 13 13 14 2 15 21 16 4 17 1 18 3 19 6 20 70 24 1 25 5 27 1 29 1 30 9 32 1 35 2 40 2 42 1 50 16 55 1 60 2 80 1 99 1 998 Will not say/Refused 121 999 Don't know 294 Q95. Perceived survey sponsor 95. Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 2398 0 999 -1 Missing 0 0 No one 1 1 Government (general) 1294 2 Government -- Federal/central 0 3 Government -- State/regional/provincial 0 4 Government -- Local 8 5 President or President's Office 118 6 State/Regional/Provincial Governor 0 7 National/Federal Office of Statistics or Census Office 0 8 National/Federal Ministry of Health 5 9 NGOs 207 10 Government Ministry/Agency (general) 20 12 International Organizations or Actors 39 13 National/Federal Ministry of Information 0 20 Research programme/research company (e.g.,RMS) 15 21 Newspapers/media 7 22 Political parties/politicians 52 23 University/college/school 10 24 Private company 12 25 Public service company (including utility company) 0 26 National planning commission 10 27 White people/boers 2 28 National/Federal Ministry of Agriculture 0 29 Idasa/CDD, or national AB partner 237 30 The courts 1 31 Religious organization 5 32 Enemies/people who want to hurt us/take our property 1 33 Secret service/national intelligence service 3 50 Prime Minister 0 51 God 13 52 Important Person 0 53 Electoral commission 5 54 Ministry of Finance/Economic Affairs 2 55 Employment office 0 56 Ministry of Education/Social Affairs 4 60 People from the capital city 0 61 Lawyers/Law society 2 62 Human Rights Organization 4 63 Your boss 2 64 Tax department 0 65 Women/Women's organizations 0 66 Insepctor General 0 67 Parliament/National Assembly 6 68 Constitutional Commission 57 84 The people 1 85 People who want to help us 4 380 An AIDS group/organization 6 382 Foreign intelligence/security 2 995 Other 10 998 Refused 3 999 Don't know 230 Time interview ended Time interview ended 2398 Q96. Gender of respondent 96. Respondent’s gender 2398 1 2 1 Male 1198 2 Female 1200 Q96new Race of respondent 96NEW. Respondent’s race? 2398 -1 5 -1 3 1 Black/African 2379 2 White/European 0 3 Coloured/Mixed Race 4 4 Arab/Lebanese/North African 4 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 8 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Japanese, etc.) 0 95 Other 0 Q97. Language of interview 97. Which languages was the interview conducted in? 2398 -1 995 -1 Missing 20 1 English 625 2 French 2 3 Portuguese 2 4 Kiswahili 749 380 Kalenjin 41 381 Kamba 180 382 Kikuyu 139 383 Kisii 75 384 Luhya 71 385 Luo 189 386 Maasai/Samburu 8 387 Mijikenda 0 388 Somali 92 389 Taita 1 390 Turkana 29 391 Meru/Kimeru 97 392 Embu 9 393 English and Kikuyu 18 394 English and Kamba 6 395 English and Kiswahili 28 396 Kiswahili and Kamba 1 397 English, Kiswahili and Kamba 2 398 English, Kiswahili and Kikuyu 2 399 English, Kiswahili and Meru 1 480 Kiswahili and Luhya 2 481 English, Kiswahili and Kalenjin 3 482 Kiswahili and Kalenjin 1 483 English and Luo 1 484 Kiswahili and Kikuyu 3 995 Other 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q98. Type of shelter 98. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 2398 -1 7 -1 24 1 Non-traditional/Formal House/Duplex 1048 2 Traditional House/Hut 880 3 Temporary structure/Shack 295 4 Flat in block of flats 85 5 Single Room in larger dwelling structure or backyard 61 6 Room in hotel, residential hotel 1 7 Hostel in Industrial or Farming Compound 4 160 Tent 0 995 Other 0 Q99. Others present 99. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 2398 -1 5 -1 22 1 No one 779 2 Spouse 262 3 Children Only 573 4 A few others 705 5 Small crowd 57 Q100. Check with others 100. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 2398 -1 1 -1 8 0 No 2094 1 Yes 296 Q101. Influence by others 101. Do you think that anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 2398 -1 1 -1 10 0 No 2169 1 Yes 219 Q102. Difficulty answering 102. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 2398 -1 4 -1 7 0 None 726 1 Few 852 2 Some 588 3 Most 212 4 All 13 Q103a. Respondent friendly 2398 -1 3 -1 14 1 Friendly 2120 2 In between 254 3 Hostile 10 Q103b. Respondent interested 2398 -1 3 -1 13 1 Interested 1902 2 In between 454 3 Bored 29 Q103c. Respondent cooperative 2398 -1 3 -1 10 1 Cooperative 2036 2 In between 323 3 Uncooperative 29 Q103d. Respondent patient 2398 -1 3 -1 10 1 Patient 1835 2 In between 474 3 Impatient 79 Q103e. Respondent at ease 2398 -1 3 -1 7 1 At ease 1799 2 In between 525 3 Suspicious 67 Q103f. Respondent honest 2398 -1 3 -1 14 1 Honest 1901 2 In between 442 3 Misleading 41 Q104a. Neighbors interested 104A. Did your presence in the area arouse interest from neighbors? 2398 -1 1 -1 36 0 No 1112 1 Yes 1250 Q104b. Neighbors suspicious 104B. Did your presence in the area arouse suspicion from neighbors? 2398 -1 1 -1 35 0 No 1869 1 Yes 494 Q104c. Neighbors afraid 104C. Did your presence in the area arouse fear from neighbors? 2398 -1 1 -1 35 0 No 2181 1 Yes 182 Q104d. Approached by community or party 104D. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 2398 -1 1 -1 34 0 No 2246 1 Yes 118 Q104e. Interviewer feel threatened 104E. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 2398 -1 1 -1 33 0 No 2321 1 Yes 44 Q104f. Interviewer physically threatened 104F. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 2398 -1 1 -1 37 0 No 2343 1 Yes 18 Q106. Interviewer's number 106. Interviewer’s number 2398 1 171 -1 Missing data 0 1 2 10 12 11 38 12 42 13 36 14 36 21 29 22 42 23 41 24 41 30 7 31 41 32 42 33 38 34 40 41 57 42 55 43 52 44 52 50 2 51 42 52 41 53 41 54 38 61 36 62 36 63 35 64 36 70 7 71 37 72 36 73 32 74 36 80 6 81 34 82 36 83 37 84 37 90 2 91 47 92 43 93 42 94 47 100 1 101 44 102 38 103 44 104 42 110 6 111 34 112 33 113 36 114 41 121 43 122 38 123 39 124 36 131 42 132 44 133 44 140 6 141 45 142 49 143 50 144 52 150 4 153 54 161 16 162 16 171 12 Q107. Interviewer's age 107. Interviewer’s age 2398 20 49 20 36 21 74 22 124 23 129 24 249 25 34 26 70 27 467 28 190 29 149 30 164 31 77 32 120 33 122 34 80 35 92 36 92 37 56 39 37 49 36 Q108. Interviewer's gender 108. Interviewer’s gender 2398 1 2 1 Male 1702 2 Female 696 Q109. Interviewer urban or rural 109. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 2398 1 2 1 Rural 1459 2 Urban 939 Q110. Interviewer's home language 110. Interviewer’s home language 2398 4 399 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 2 French 0 3 Portuguese 0 4 Kiswahili 86 380 Kalenjin 126 381 Kamba 245 382 Kikuyu 216 383 Kisii 150 384 Luhya 244 385 Luo 655 386 Maasai/Samburu 67 387 Mijikenda 2 388 Somali 238 389 Taita 40 390 Turkana 32 391 Meru 204 392 Embu 2 393 Borana 4 397 Bajuni 38 398 Taveta 42 399 Gujarati 7 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q111. Interviewer's education 111. Interviewer’s highest level of education. 2398 5 9 0 No formal schooling 0 1 Informal schooling (including Koranic) only 0 2 Some primary schooling 0 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary/high scl 0 5 High school completed 92 6 Post secondary qualifications (not university ) 369 7 Some university 190 8 University completed 978 9 Post graduate 769 Q112a. Post office in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 2196 1 Yes 162 9 Can't determine 40 Q112b. School in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 568 1 Yes 1814 9 Can't determine 16 Q112c. Police station in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 2132 1 Yes 232 9 Can't determine 34 112d. Bus or taxi service in the PSU/EA 2398 0 1 0 No 1455 1 Yes 943 9 Can't determine 0 Q112e. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 1518 1 Yes 872 9 Can't determine 8 Q112f. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 1590 1 Yes 784 9 Can't determine 24 Q112g. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 2062 1 Yes 288 9 Can't determine 48 Q112h. Railway Station in the PSU/EA 2398 0 1 0 No 2341 1 Yes 57 9 Can't determine 0 Q112i. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 1572 1 Yes 794 9 Can't determine 32 Q112j. Recreational facilities in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 1209 1 Yes 1166 9 Can't determine 23 Q112k. Places of worship in the PSU/EA 2398 0 9 0 No 392 1 Yes 1950 9 Can't determine 56 Q112l. Community buildings in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 10 0 No 1969 1 Yes 279 9 Can't determine 140 Q112m. Petrol station in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 8 0 No 2116 1 Yes 256 9 Can't determine 18 Q112n. Bottle store/bar/beer parlour in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 5 0 No 1497 1 Yes 895 9 Can't determine 1 Q112o. Supermarket in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 9 0 No 2050 1 Yes 315 9 Can't determine 24 Q112p. Cafes/eating places/corner shops in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 5 0 No 744 1 Yes 1642 9 Can't determine 7 Q112q. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 8 0 No 996 1 Yes 1393 9 Can't determine 1 Q113a. Police in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 13 0 No 1921 1 Yes 443 9 Can't determine 21 Q113b. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 14 0 No 2303 1 Yes 77 9 Can't determine 4 Q113c. Crops/vegetables in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 14 0 No 440 1 Yes 1943 9 Can't determine 1 Q113d. Livestock in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 15 0 No 323 1 Yes 2056 9 Can't determine 4 Q113e. Trees in the PSU/EA 2398 -1 9 -1 15 0 No 627 1 Yes 1754 9 Can't determine 2 Q114a. Destination sign posted 2398 -1 1 -1 9 0 No 1402 1 Yes 987 Q114b. Stop/give way signs 2398 -1 1 -1 11 0 No 1932 1 Yes 455 Q114c. Traffic lights/wardens 2398 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2248 1 Yes 150 Q114d. Traffic lights working 2398 -1 7 -1 Missing 8 0 No 59 1 Yes 83 7 Not applicable 2248 Q114e. Water-filled river 2398 -1 1 -1 17 0 No 1504 1 Yes 877 Q114f. Water-filled dam or lake 2398 -1 1 -1 19 0 No 2180 1 Yes 199 Q115a. Graded sand/dirt roads 2398 -1 4 -1 Missing data 15 1 0 kms 1356 2 392 3 5 - 10 kms 338 4 All 297 Q115b. Ungraded dirt roads 2398 -1 4 -1 Missing data 13 1 0 kms 892 2 811 3 5 - 10 kms 227 4 All 455 Q115c. Off road 2398 -1 4 -1 Missing data 19 1 0 kms 1133 2 914 3 5 - 10 kms 171 4 All 161 Q115d. Tarred or concrete roads 2398 -1 4 -1 Missing data 16 1 0 kms 1145 2 311 3 5 - 10 kms 597 4 All 329 Adjusted within country weight 2398 0.495445 1.164654 0.495445 48 0.577757 104 0.657308 16 0.94395 24 0.950217 142 0.977965 80 1.00224 504 1.006938 366 1.010173 176 1.0411 320 1.056136 256 1.090102 40 1.108875 66 1.160559 32 1.164654 224