NGA_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M DDI_NGA_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-06-19 Metadata Editor Version 01 (July 2020) NGA_2003_AFB-R2_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2003 Round 2 AFB-R2 2003 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. The survey covered 16 countries in Round 2 (2002-2004). Nigeria National coverage Individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] In Rounds 1 through 3, the Afrobarometer did only minimal weighting of data to correct for over- or under-samples of certain populations, usually based on region or urban-rural location. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. nig_r2_data.sav 2428 348 .sav Afrobarometer round 2 survey data. Respondent number Respondent number 2428 Household back-checked? Household back-checked? 2428 1 2 1 Yes 1671 2 No 757 Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 2428 1 2 1 Urban 1239 2 Rural 1189 Region (derived from regon2, "State") Region 2428 Lagos 225 NC 314 NE 296 NW 500 SE 268 SS 532 SW 293 State State 2428 Abia 52 Abuja 20 Adamawa 72 Akwa Ibom 52 Anambra 102 Bauchi 102 Bayelsa 208 Benue 90 Borno 122 Cross-River 30 Delta 64 Edo 52 Ekiti 43 Enugu 114 Kaduna 140 Kano 100 Katsina 100 Kogi 42 Kwara 52 Lagos 225 Niger 50 Ogun 90 Ondo 84 Osun 12 Oyo 64 Plateau 60 Rivers 126 Sokoto 90 Zamfara 70 Reasons for Substitution of Household 1 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 391 2 Person selected was never at home 153 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 195 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 13 6 Did not fit gender quota 108 7 Other 6 997 Not applicable 1556 Reasons for Substitution of Household 2 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 154 2 Person selected was never at home 115 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 100 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 8 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 10 6 Did not fit gender quota 58 7 Other 2 997 Not applicable 1981 Reasons for Substitution of Household 3 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 58 2 Person selected was never at home 24 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 34 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 4 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 8 6 Did not fit gender quota 20 7 Other 1 997 Not applicable 2279 Reasons for Substitution of Household 4 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 16 2 Person selected was never at home 13 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 8 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 6 7 Other 1 997 Not applicable 2384 Reasons for Substitution of Household 5 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 5 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 5 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 2 7 Other 1 997 Not applicable 2412 Reasons for Substitution of Household 6 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 2428 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home 1 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 2 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 Other 0 997 Not applicable 2424 Reasons for Substitution of Household 7 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 2428 997 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 Other 0 180 Member of household recently died 0 181 Respondent was to ill 0 997 Not applicable 2428 Previous Interview Previous interview was with a 2428 1 2 1 Male 1218 2 Female 1210 Current Interview This interview must be with a 2428 1 2 1 Male 1210 2 Female 1218 Calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2428 1 2 1 1 2169 2 2 259 Date of Interview Date of interview 2428 2003-10-13 30 2003-10-14 40 2003-10-15 45 2003-10-16 202 2003-10-17 391 2003-10-18 514 2003-10-19 351 2003-10-20 289 2003-10-21 255 2003-10-22 194 2003-10-23 68 2003-10-24 20 2003-10-28 20 2003-10-29 9 Time interview started Time interview started 2428 Q1A Country's Present Economic Condition 1A. Let’s begin by talking about economic conditions. In general, how would you describe: The present economic conditions of this country? 2428 1 9 1 Very Bad 929 2 Fairly bad 566 3 Neither good nor bad 190 4 Fairly good 588 5 Very good 141 9 Don't know 14 Q1B Your Present Living Conditions 1B. In general, how would you describe: Your own present living conditions? 2428 1 9 1 Very Bad 389 2 Fairly bad 582 3 Neither good nor bad 370 4 Fairly good 900 5 Very good 184 9 Don't know 3 Q2A Nigeria's Economy vs Neighbours 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 379 2 Worse 759 3 Same 217 4 Better 799 5 Much Better 135 9 Don't know 139 Q2B Your Living Conditions vs Other Nigerians 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 154 2 Worse 582 3 Same 498 4 Better 933 5 Much Better 146 9 Don't know 115 Q3A Country's Economy 12 Months Ago 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 418 2 Worse 807 3 Same 370 4 Better 721 5 Much Better 98 9 Don't know 14 Q3B Your Living Condition 12 Months Ago 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 155 2 Worse 620 3 Same 563 4 Better 927 5 Much Better 152 9 Don't know 11 Q4A Country's economic condition in 12 Months 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 216 2 Worse 343 3 Same 234 4 Better 959 5 Much Better 477 9 Don't know 199 Q4B Your Living Conditions in 12 Months 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 77 2 Worse 215 3 Same 215 4 Better 1017 5 Much Better 759 9 Don't know 145 Q5A Meaning Of "Poor" 1st Mention 2428 1 999 0 Nothing 0 1 Lack of food 920 2 Lack of shelter 154 3 Lack of clothing 67 4 Lack of money 564 5 Low living standards 119 6 Lack of social amenities 4 7 Lack of education/knowledge 32 8 Lack of employment/job 184 9 Low levels of health 18 10 Powerlessness 6 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 5 12 Any life-threatening situation 3 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 3 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 17 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 0 16 Psychological status/mental health 5 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 2 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 6 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 4 21 Lack of family/social support network 5 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 132 23 Beggar/destitute 6 24 Unreligious/some one without religion 1 25 A farmer 2 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified)/living in poverty 6 27 No water or sanitation, lack of hygiene 7 28 No electricity 5 29 No cattle or livestock 0 30 No land 0 31 No vehicle/car 17 32 In debt/inability to settle one's debt 0 33 To have too many children to support 0 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 0 36 To depend on or revert to crime 0 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 1 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 0 39 To have to rely on others for help/can't take care of self 12 40 Low social status/no community standing 5 41 Street children/living on the street 0 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 0 43 Unable to contribute to the country/society 3 49 Drought, lack of rain 0 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 4 51 Handicapped/disabled 0 52 Racism/suffering from discrimination/oppression 0 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad/miserable/poor of spirit 1 55 Have lots difficulties/problems/bad life 0 56 Lack of opportunities or possibilities 0 57 Lack common sense, foolish, poor planning 0 58 Natural condition/something you're born to 0 59 National problem or condition/caused by government 2 60 Lack of assets/property/wealth/investment 6 61 Lack of school fees 53 62 Insecurity, lack of peace (result of) 1 63 Being rural 1 64 Income below a certain level 2 65 Can't afford luxuries 4 81 An orphan/to have no parents 2 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 0 170 Having misfortune, bad luck 0 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of business or markets 1 260 Can not afford hospital/medical bills 10 261 Can not afford/unable/inability to build house 5 262 Do not have a saving 1 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 20 Q5B Meaning Of "Poor" 2nd Mention 2428 1 996 1 Lack of food 535 2 Lack of shelter 370 3 Lack of clothing 230 4 Lack of money 274 5 Low living standards 85 6 Lack of social amenities 13 7 Lack of education/knowledge 54 8 Lack of employment/job 178 9 Low levels of health 29 10 Powerlessness 8 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 6 12 Any life-threatening situation 1 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 0 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 8 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 0 16 Psychological status/mental health 10 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 3 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 2 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 8 21 Lack of family/social support network 5 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 121 23 Beggar/destitute 7 24 Unreligious/some one without religion 0 25 A farmer 0 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified)/living in poverty 8 27 No water or sanitation, lack of hygiene 10 28 No electricity 4 29 No cattle or livestock 1 30 No land 3 31 No vehicle/car 34 32 In debt/inability to settle one's debt 1 33 To have too many children to support 1 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 0 36 To depend on or revert to crime 0 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 0 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 0 39 To have to rely on others for help/can't take care of self 15 40 Low social status/no community standing 6 41 Street children/living on the street 0 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 0 43 Unable to contribute to the country/society 8 49 Drought, lack of rain 0 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 5 51 Handicapped/disabled 2 52 Racism/suffering from discrimination/oppression 1 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad/miserable/poor of spirit 2 55 Have lots of difficulties/problems/bad life 1 56 Lack of opportunities or possibilities 1 57 Lack common sense, foolish, poor planning 0 58 Natural condition/something you're born to 0 59 National problem or condition/caused by government 2 60 Lack of assets/property/wealth/investment 11 61 Lack of school fees 164 62 Insecurity, lack of peace (result of) 1 63 Being rural 0 64 Income below a certain level 1 65 Can't afford luxuries 4 81 An orphan/to have no parents 1 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 1 170 Having misfortune, bad luck 1 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of business or markets 1 260 Can not afford hospital/medical bills 22 261 Can not afford/unable/inability to build house 15 262 Do not have a saving 2 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 152 Q5C Meaning Of "Poor" 3rd Mention 2428 1 996 1 Lack of food 228 2 Lack of shelter 319 3 Lack of clothing 191 4 Lack of money 166 5 Low living standards 56 6 Lack of social amenities 10 7 Lack of education/knowledge 73 8 Lack of employment/job 129 9 Low levels of health 25 10 Powerlessness 5 11 Living in substandard neighborhood 3 12 Any life-threatening situation 0 13 No child/spouse/unable to marry a wife 5 14 Comparison between self and others, inability to meet expect 12 15 Lack of entertainment (newspaper,TV,Radio,Video) 0 16 Psychological status/mental health 9 17 Exploitive labor (e.g. child labor, prostitution, etc) 1 18 Lack of agricultural inputs (land/fertilizers/seeds) 7 19 Race (associates black with poverty) 0 20 Laziness/person who won't work 3 21 Lack of family/social support network 3 22 Inability to meet obligations/family responsibilities 74 23 Beggar/destitute 10 24 Unreligious/some one without religion 0 25 A farmer 0 26 Poverty (undifferentiated/unspecified)/living in poverty 2 27 No water or sanitation, lack of hygiene 9 28 No electricity 7 29 No cattle or livestock 0 30 No land 3 31 No vehicle/car 30 32 In debt/inability to settle one's debt 1 33 To have too many children to support 1 34 To be a single parent 0 35 To be old/a pensioner 0 36 To depend on or revert to crime 0 37 To only live for today/live day-to-day/no future planning 0 38 To depend on domestic work/manual labor 1 39 To have to rely on others for help/can't take care of self 22 40 Low social status/no community standing 5 41 Street children/living on the street 0 42 To be an alcoholic or drug addict 0 43 Unable to contribute to the country/society 7 49 Drought, lack of rain 0 50 Lack of everything/not having anything 4 51 Handicapped/disabled 1 52 Racism/suffering from discrimination/oppression 1 53 Without love or affection 0 54 To be sad/miserable/poor of spirit 2 55 Have lots difficulties/problems/bad life 2 56 Lack of opportunities or possibilities 1 57 Lack common sense, foolish, poor planning 0 58 Natural condition/something you're born to 0 59 National problem or condition/caused by government 1 60 Lack of assets/property/wealth/investment 11 61 Lack of school fees 137 62 Insecurity, lack of peace (result of) 1 63 Being rural 0 64 Income below a certain level 1 65 Can't afford luxuries 4 81 An orphan/to have no parents 0 162 Rural women 0 165 Lack of equipment for production 1 170 Having misfortune, bad luck 0 180 Lack of firewood 0 181 Lack of business or markets 1 260 Can not afford hospital/medical bills 22 261 Can not afford/unable/inability to build house 12 262 Do not have a saving 1 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 808 Q6A Score Self Rich/Poor Today 2428 0 99 0 00 37 1 01 36 2 02 154 3 03 278 4 04 446 5 05 738 6 06 379 7 07 188 8 08 112 9 09 18 10 10 34 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 8 Q6B Score Parent Rich/Poor 10 Years Ago 2428 -1 99 -1 Missing data 1 0 00 60 1 01 113 2 02 214 3 03 224 4 04 288 5 05 472 6 06 287 7 07 256 8 08 249 9 09 127 10 10 106 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 31 Q6C Score Children Rich/Poor In Future 2428 0 99 0 00 8 1 01 5 2 02 5 3 03 5 4 04 20 5 05 55 6 06 80 7 07 138 8 08 294 9 09 292 10 10 1474 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know 52 Q7A Depend on Earning Wage or Salary 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1533 1 A Little 355 2 A Lot 535 9 Don't Know 5 Q7B Depend on Buying and Selling Goods 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1103 1 A Little 638 2 A Lot 680 9 Don't Know 7 Q7C Depend on Work in-Kind 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1479 1 A Little 514 2 A Lot 425 9 Don't Know 10 Q7D Depend on Employing Others To Work For You 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1905 1 A Little 373 2 A Lot 134 9 Don't Know 16 Q7E Depend on Community Savings Group 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1744 1 A Little 486 2 A Lot 176 9 Don't Know 22 Q7F Depend on Borrowing Money From Friends or Family 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1297 1 A Little 963 2 A Lot 156 9 Don't Know 12 Q7G Depend on Borrowing Money From a Bank 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 2229 1 A Little 137 2 A Lot 44 9 Don't Know 18 Q7H Depend on Receiving Money From Family working elsewhere 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1484 1 A Little 670 2 A Lot 261 9 Don't Know 13 Q7I Depend on Receiving Money From Family working in other Countries 2428 0 9 0 Not at All 1977 1 A Little 300 2 A Lot 133 9 Don't Know 18 Q8A Time Spent Working to Earn Money 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 835 1 Less than 1 hour 72 2 1-2 hours 171 3 3-5 hours 384 4 More than 5 hours 954 9 Don't Know 12 Q8B Time Spent Growing Own Food 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 1093 1 Less than 1 hour 164 2 1-2 hours 338 3 3-5 hours 442 4 More than 5 hours 380 9 Don't Know 11 Q8C Time Spent Doing Household Work 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 208 1 Less than 1 hour 444 2 1-2 hours 826 3 3-5 hours 600 4 More than 5 hours 342 9 Don't Know 8 Q8D1 Time Spent Caring for Own Family's Children 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 438 1 Less than 1 hour 393 2 1-2 hours 688 3 3-5 hours 507 4 More than 5 hours 382 9 Don't Know 20 Q8D2 Time Spent Caring for Ophaned Children 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 1550 1 Less than 1 hour 397 2 1-2 hours 222 3 3-5 hours 119 4 More than 5 hours 93 9 Don't Know 47 Q8E Time Spent Caring For Sick Household Members 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 522 1 Less than 1 hour 589 2 1-2 hours 675 3 3-5 hours 399 4 More than 5 hours 201 9 Don't Know 42 Q8F Time Spent Taking Care of Own Illness 2428 0 9 0 Spend no time 409 1 Less than 1 hour 543 2 1-2 hours 549 3 3-5 hours 488 4 More than 5 hours 395 9 Don't Know 44 Q9A How Often Gone Without Food 2428 0 9 0 Never 1334 1 Just once or twice 440 2 Several times 485 3 Many times 132 4 Always 31 9 Don't Know 6 Q9B How Often Gone Without Water 2428 0 9 0 Never 856 1 Just once or twice 372 2 Several times 647 3 Many times 309 4 Always 237 9 Don't Know 7 Q9C How Often Gone Without Medical care 2428 0 9 0 Never 973 1 Just once or twice 484 2 Several times 601 3 Many times 270 4 Always 85 9 Don't Know 15 Q9D How Often Gone Without Electricity 2428 0 9 0 Never 202 1 Just once or twice 230 2 Several times 753 3 Many times 494 4 Always 245 7 No access to electricity 499 9 Don't Know 5 Q9E How Often Gone Without Cooking fuel 2428 0 9 0 Never 837 1 Just once or twice 506 2 Several times 637 3 Many times 317 4 Always 121 9 Don't Know 10 Q9F How Often Gone Without Cash Income 2428 0 9 0 Never 709 1 Just once or twice 552 2 Several times 743 3 Many times 291 4 Always 125 9 Don't Know 8 Q10A Who assists with Food 2428 0 9 0 No-one 260 1 Kin 546 2 Community 148 3 Market 109 4 Government 24 5 Illicit 1 7 Not Applicable 1334 9 Don't know 6 Q10B Who assists with Water 2428 0 9 0 No-one 485 1 Kin 192 2 Community 477 3 Market 122 4 Government 282 5 Illicit 5 7 Not Applicable 856 9 Don't know 9 Q10C Who assists with Medical Care 2428 0 9 0 No-one 325 1 Kin 328 2 Community 279 3 Market 209 4 Government 297 5 Illicit 7 7 Not Applicable 973 9 Don't know 10 Q10D Who assists with Electricity 2428 0 9 0 No-one 725 1 Kin 79 2 Community 167 3 Market 75 4 Government 657 5 Illicit 16 7 Not Applicable 701 9 Don't know 8 Q10E Who assists with Cooking Fuel 2428 0 9 0 No-one 445 1 Kin 336 2 Community 190 3 Market 383 4 Government 193 5 Illicit 29 7 Not Applicable 837 9 Don't know 15 Q10F Who assists with Cash Income 2428 0 9 0 No-one 444 1 Kin 901 2 Community 205 3 Market 49 4 Government 105 5 Illicit 2 7 Not Applicable 709 9 Don't know 13 Q11A How Often Feared Crime in Home 2428 0 9 0 Never 1484 1 Just once or twice 532 2 Several times 306 3 Many times 59 4 Always 36 9 Don't Know 11 Q11B How Often Something Stolen From House 2428 0 9 0 Never 1578 1 Just once or twice 521 2 Several times 249 3 Many times 64 4 Always 6 9 Don't Know 10 Q11C How Often Physically Attacked 2428 0 9 0 Never 1945 1 Just once or twice 321 2 Several times 116 3 Many times 31 4 Always 9 9 Don't Know 6 Q12 Prefer Market or Government-run Economy 2428 1 9 1 STATEMENT C: Doesn't matter 317 2 STATEMENT B: A government-run economy 774 3 STATEMENT A: A market economy 1238 9 Don't know 99 Q13A Government Plans Production And Distribution 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 353 2 Disapprove 752 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 325 4 Approve 636 5 Strongly Approve 322 9 Don't Know 40 Q13B Individuals Decide What To Produce, Buy And Sell 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 132 2 Disapprove 457 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 349 4 Approve 957 5 Strongly Approve 507 9 Don't Know 26 Q13C People Go Back To The Land 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 156 2 Disapprove 520 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 504 4 Approve 925 5 Strongly Approve 289 9 Don't Know 34 Q13D Economic Experts Make Important Decisions About Our Economy 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 381 2 Disapprove 655 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 439 4 Approve 604 5 Strongly Approve 231 9 Don't Know 118 Q13E Wealthy People provide For Community Need 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 322 2 Disapprove 579 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 408 4 Approve 740 5 Strongly Approve 336 9 Don't Know 43 Q14 Free Schooling vs. User Fees 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 399 2 Agree with A 406 3 Agree with B 667 4 *Agree very strongly with B 892 5 Agree with neither 54 9 Don't Know 10 Q15 Privatized ag. Marketing vs. Government Control 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 428 2 Agree with A 641 3 Agree with B 737 4 *Agree very strongly with B 435 5 Agree with neither 154 9 Don't Know 33 Q16 More Jobs, Low Wages vs. Fewer jobs, High Wages 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1178 2 Agree with A 875 3 Agree with B 223 4 *Agree very strongly with B 102 5 Agree with neither 43 9 Don't Know 7 Q17 Respect for Property Rights vs. Right to Seize 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1314 2 Agree with A 853 3 Agree with B 142 4 *Agree very strongly with B 84 5 Agree with neither 19 9 Don't Know 16 Q18 Civil Servants Keep Jobs vs. Lay offs to reduce costs 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1014 2 Agree with A 926 3 Agree with B 257 4 *Agree very strongly with B 142 5 Agree with neither 57 9 Don't Know 32 Q19 Allow Imports vs. Protect Local Producers 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 333 2 Agree with A 520 3 Agree with B 775 4 *Agree very strongly with B 689 5 Agree with neither 70 9 Don't Know 41 Q20 Abandon Economic Reforms vs. Accept Hardships 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 349 2 Agree with A 629 3 Agree with B 805 4 *Agree very strongly with B 467 5 Agree with neither 110 9 Don't Know 68 Q21 Economic Policies Helped Most vs. Hurt Most 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 176 2 Agree with A 378 3 Agree with B 861 4 *Agree very strongly with B 928 5 Agree with neither 50 9 Don't Know 35 Q22A Present vs. Past: Availability of Goods 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 375 2 Worse 799 3 About the Same 478 4 Better 669 5 Much Better 92 9 Don't Know 15 Q22B Present vs. Past: People's Living Standard 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 553 2 Worse 879 3 About the Same 389 4 Better 530 5 Much Better 71 9 Don't Know 6 Q22C Present vs. Past: Job Opportunities 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 700 2 Worse 873 3 About the Same 394 4 Better 378 5 Much Better 61 9 Don't Know 22 Q22D Present vs. Past: Gap Between Rich And Poor 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 921 2 Worse 809 3 About the Same 357 4 Better 266 5 Much Better 54 9 Don't Know 21 Q22E Present vs. Past: Security Of Property 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 427 2 Worse 640 3 About the Same 561 4 Better 543 5 Much Better 84 9 Don't Know 173 Q23 Satisfied with Govt's Reduced Economic Role 23. As you may know, the government has reduced its role in the economy. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way this policy works? 2428 0 9 0 Govt has not reduced role 70 1 Not at all satisfied 789 2 Not very satisfied 686 3 Fairly satisfied 675 4 Very satisfied 118 9 Don't Know 90 Q24A Member of Religious Group 2428 0 9 0 Not a Member 377 1 Inactive Member 649 2 Active Member 1293 3 Official Leader 106 9 Don't Know 3 Q24B Member of Trade Union or Farmers Association 2428 0 9 0 Not a Member 1794 1 Inactive Member 232 2 Active Member 338 3 Official Leader 45 9 Don't Know 19 Q24C Member of Professional or Business Association 2428 0 9 0 Not a Member 1996 1 Inactive Member 159 2 Active Member 202 3 Official Leader 43 9 Don't Know 28 Q24D Member of Community Development Association 2428 0 9 0 Not a Member 1801 1 Inactive Member 194 2 Active Member 355 3 Official Leader 53 9 Don't Know 25 Q24E-NIG Member of Other Organization 2428 0 9 0 Not a Member 1954 1 Inactive Member 157 2 Active Member 231 3 Official Leader 36 9 Don't Know 50 Q24F-NIG People From Other Religions 2428 0 9 0 No 1229 1 Yes 812 7 Not Applicable 285 9 Don't Know 102 Q24G-NIG People From Other Ethnic Groups 2428 0 9 0 No 536 1 Yes 1516 7 Not Applicable 285 9 Don't Know 91 Q25A Discuss Politics 2428 0 9 0 No, would never do this 369 1 No, but would do if had the chanced 227 2 Yes, once or twice 566 3 Yes, several times 863 4 Yes, often 396 9 Don't know 7 Q25B Attend a Community meeting 2428 0 9 0 No, would never do this 460 1 No, but would do if had the chanced 568 2 Yes, once or twice 534 3 Yes, several times 624 4 Yes, often 223 9 Don't know 19 Q25C Join Others to Raise an issue 2428 0 9 0 No, would never do this 581 1 No, but would do if had the chanced 600 2 Yes, once or twice 493 3 Yes, several times 585 4 Yes, often 156 9 Don't know 13 Q25D Attended a demonstration or Protest March 2428 0 9 0 No, would never do this 1553 1 No, but would do if had the chanced 472 2 Yes, once or twice 215 3 Yes, several times 133 4 Yes, often 39 9 Don't know 16 Q25E Used Force or Violence For political cause 2428 0 9 0 No, would never do this 1983 1 No, but would do if had the chanced 250 2 Yes, once or twice 96 3 Yes, several times 59 4 Yes, often 17 9 Don't know 23 Q26A Radio news 2428 0 9 0 Never 112 1 Less than once a month 130 2 A few times a month 205 3 A few times a week 548 4 Every day 1427 9 Don't know 6 Q26B Television news 2428 0 9 0 Never 532 1 Less than once a month 299 2 A few times a month 236 3 A few times a week 437 4 Every day 916 9 Don't know 8 Q26C Newspapers news 2428 0 9 0 Never 1035 1 Less than once a month 400 2 A few times a month 355 3 A few times a week 349 4 Every day 273 9 Don't know 16 Q27 Interest in Public Affairs 27. How interested are you in public affairs? 2428 0 9 0 Not interested 408 1 Somewhat interested 1184 2 Very interested 791 9 Don't know 45 Q28A Politics And Government Too complicated 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Agree 654 2 Agree 1130 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 235 4 Disagree 251 5 Strongly Disagree 80 9 Don't know 78 Q28B Others don't listen to You 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Agree 225 2 Agree 637 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 573 4 Disagree 645 5 Strongly Disagree 230 9 Don't know 118 Q28C Can Make Elected Representatives Listen 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Agree 400 2 Agree 1098 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 446 4 Disagree 265 5 Strongly Disagree 107 9 Don't know 112 Q29A Contact Local Government Councillor 2428 0 9 0 Never 1997 1 Only once 188 2 A few times 173 3 Often 57 9 Don't know 13 Q29A1-NIG State Assembly Representative 2428 0 9 0 Never 2217 1 Only once 98 2 A few times 72 3 Often 22 9 Don't know 19 Q29A2-NIG Official In The State Governor's Office 2428 0 9 0 Never 2201 1 Only once 104 2 A few times 82 3 Often 27 9 Don't know 14 Q29B Contact National Assembly Representative 2428 0 9 0 Never 2258 1 Only once 73 2 A few times 55 3 Often 22 9 Don't know 20 Q29C Contact Official of a Government Ministry 2428 0 9 0 Never 2066 1 Only once 173 2 A few times 138 3 Often 37 9 Don't know 14 Q29D Contact Political Party Official 2428 0 9 0 Never 1914 1 Only once 232 2 A few times 211 3 Often 56 9 Don't know 15 Q29E Contact Religious Leader 2428 0 9 0 Never 1192 1 Only once 327 2 A few times 632 3 Often 267 9 Don't know 10 Q29F Contact traditional ruler 2428 0 9 0 Never 1624 1 Only once 319 2 A few times 368 3 Often 105 9 Don't know 12 Q29F1-NIG An Oficial of Village/Town Dev. Assoc. 2428 0 9 0 Never 1685 1 Only once 275 2 A few times 335 3 Often 102 9 Don't know 31 Q29F2-NIG An Official of NGO/CBO 2428 0 9 0 Never 1925 1 Only once 189 2 A few times 156 3 Often 54 9 Don't know 104 Q29G Some Other Influential Person 2428 0 9 0 Never 1719 1 Only once 240 2 A few times 318 3 Often 72 9 Don't know 79 Q30 Choose Leaders Through Elections vs. Other Methods If response to Q29 was2-6 = not registered, circle Code 7. If response to Q29 was that they were registered to vote (code 1) or “don’t know / Can’t remember (code 9) , ask 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1280 2 Agree with A 710 3 Agree with B 239 4 *Agree very strongly with B 178 5 Agree with neither 14 9 Don't know 7 Q31 Political Parties Divisive vs. Many Parties Needed 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 410 2 Agree with A 482 3 Agree with B 828 4 *Agree very strongly with B 611 5 Agree with neither 55 9 Don't know 42 Q32 No Term Limits for President vs. Two terms Only 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 113 2 Agree with A 189 3 Agree with B 853 4 *Agree very strongly with B 1226 5 Agree with neither 28 9 Don't know 19 Q33 Parliament Makes laws vs. President Does 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 882 2 Agree with A 979 3 Agree with B 274 4 *Agree very strongly with B 116 5 Agree with neither 121 9 Don't know 56 Q34 Time to Deal with Problems vs. Try Another Form 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 575 2 Agree with A 793 3 Agree with B 564 4 *Agree very strongly with B 372 5 Agree with neither 74 9 Don't know 50 Q35A Reject One-Party Rule 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 944 2 Disapprove 983 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 197 4 Approve 196 5 Strongly Approve 58 9 Don't Know 50 Q35B Reject Rule by elders 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 623 2 Disapprove 858 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 408 4 Approve 399 5 Strongly Approve 88 9 Don't Know 52 Q35C Reject Military Rule 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 876 2 Disapprove 787 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 365 4 Approve 242 5 Strongly Approve 126 9 Don't Know 32 Q35D One-Man Rule 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 869 2 Disapprove 875 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 356 4 Approve 214 5 Strongly Approve 48 9 Don't Know 66 Q36A Present vs. Past: Free to say what you think 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 170 2 Worse 310 3 Same 446 4 Better 1211 5 Much Better 258 9 Don't know 33 Q36B Present vs. Past: Free to join any organisation 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 140 2 Worse 241 3 Same 404 4 Better 1260 5 Much Better 343 9 Don't know 40 Q36C Present vs. Past: Fear of unjust arrest 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 178 2 Worse 357 3 Same 597 4 Better 1001 5 Much Better 233 9 Don't know 62 Q36D Present vs. Past: Voting Freedom 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 197 2 Worse 305 3 Same 437 4 Better 1112 5 Much Better 337 9 Don't know 40 Q36E Present vs. Past: Ability to Influence government 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 305 2 Worse 494 3 Same 625 4 Better 788 5 Much Better 151 9 Don't know 65 Q36F Present vs. Past: Safety from crime and violence 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 304 2 Worse 616 3 Same 627 4 Better 705 5 Much Better 137 9 Don't know 39 Q36G Present vs. Past: Equal Treatment for All 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 363 2 Worse 586 3 Same 650 4 Better 653 5 Much Better 120 9 Don't know 56 Q37 How democratic 37. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Nigeria today? 2428 1 9 1 Not a democracy 347 2 A democracy, with major problems 1254 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 585 4 A full democracy 160 8 Do not understand question/democracy 28 9 Don't know 54 Q38 Support For Democracy 2428 1 9 1 STATEMENT C: Doesn't matter 273 2 STATEMENT B: Sometimes, a non-democratic preferable 473 3 STATEMENT A: Democracy preferred 1623 9 Don't know 59 Q39 Democracy for voice vs. For Basic Needs 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 717 2 Agree with A 625 3 Agree with B 514 4 *Agree very strongly with B 488 5 Agree with neither 24 9 Don't know 60 Q40 Satisfaction with Democracy 40. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Nigeria? Are you: 2428 0 9 0 Nigeria is not a democracy 48 1 Not at all satisfied 781 2 Not very satisfied 746 3 Fairly satisfied 673 4 Very satisfied 136 9 Don't Know 44 Q41A Careful About What You Say 2428 0 9 0 Never 260 1 Rarely 644 2 Often 710 3 Always 728 9 Don't know 86 Q41B Party Competition Leads to Conflict 2428 0 9 0 Never 130 1 Rarely 513 2 Often 972 3 Always 732 9 Don't know 81 Q41C President ignore the constitution 2428 0 9 0 Never 191 1 Rarely 585 2 Often 825 3 Always 511 9 Don't know 316 Q41D People Are Treated unequally 2428 0 9 0 Never 253 1 Rarely 525 2 Often 854 3 Always 662 9 Don't know 134 Q42A Constitution expresses Values and Hopes 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 175 2 Disagree 394 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 363 4 Agree 1035 5 Strongly Agree 321 9 Don't know 140 Q42b Courts Make Binding Decisions 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 86 2 Disagree 278 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 328 4 Agree 1183 5 Strongly Agree 499 9 Don't know 54 Q42C People Must Obey The Law 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 120 2 Disagree 260 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 345 4 Agree 1202 5 Strongly Agree 470 9 Don't know 31 Q42D People Must Pay Taxes 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 133 2 Disagree 227 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 388 4 Agree 1142 5 Strongly Agree 455 9 Don't know 83 Q43A Trust The President 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1036 1 A little bit 945 2 A lot 338 3 A very great deal 64 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 45 Q43B Trust Parliament 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1125 1 A little bit 931 2 A lot 232 3 A very great deal 15 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 125 Q43C Trust The Electoral Commission 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1243 1 A little bit 783 2 A lot 223 3 A very great deal 40 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 139 Q43D Trust Your State Assembly 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1063 1 A little bit 895 2 A lot 318 3 A very great deal 44 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 108 Q43D1-NIG Your State Governor 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 932 1 A little bit 832 2 A lot 488 3 A very great deal 127 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 49 Q43E Trust Your Local Government 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1038 1 A little bit 894 2 A lot 334 3 A very great deal 49 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 113 Q43F Trust The Ruling Party 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1159 1 A little bit 817 2 A lot 312 3 A very great deal 48 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 92 Q43G Trust Opposition Political Parties 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1065 1 A little bit 856 2 A lot 286 3 A very great deal 82 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 139 Q43h Trust The Military 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1091 1 A little bit 806 2 A lot 404 3 A very great deal 77 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 50 Q43I Trust The Police 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 1439 1 A little bit 704 2 A lot 219 3 A very great deal 29 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 37 Q43J Trust Courts of Law 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 810 1 A little bit 999 2 A lot 436 3 A very great deal 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 100 Q43K Trust Traditional Leaders/Elders 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 637 1 A little bit 987 2 A lot 578 3 A very great deal 149 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 77 Q43L Trust Government Broadcasting Service 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 635 1 A little bit 935 2 A lot 521 3 A very great deal 92 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 245 Q43M Trust Independent Broadcasting Services 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 486 1 A little bit 864 2 A lot 625 3 A very great deal 139 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 314 Q43N Government Newspapers 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 646 1 A little bit 897 2 A lot 401 3 A very great deal 56 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 428 Q43O Trust Independent Newspapers 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 498 1 A little bit 829 2 A lot 570 3 A very great deal 102 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 429 Q43P Trust Traders in Local Markets 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 510 1 A little bit 1117 2 A lot 525 3 A very great deal 128 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 148 Q43Q Trust Small businesses/shopkeepers 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 517 1 A little bit 1124 2 A lot 510 3 A very great deal 126 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 151 Q43R Trust Big Private Corporations 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 583 1 A little bit 1026 2 A lot 388 3 A very great deal 132 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 299 Q43S Trust Public Corporations 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 815 1 A little bit 984 2 A lot 294 3 A very great deal 57 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 278 Q43T-NIG NGO/CBO 2428 0 9 0 Not at all 511 1 A little bit 804 2 A lot 426 3 A very great deal 173 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 514 Q44PT1 Most important problems - 1st mention 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response 2428 1 269 0 Nothing/No problems 0 1 Unemployment 788 2 Management of the economy 149 3 Poverty/destitution 323 4 Farming/agriculture 81 5 Food shortage/famine 83 6 Communications 8 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 29 8 Rates and Taxes 0 9 Education 126 10 Health 62 11 AIDS 17 12 Crime and Security 77 13 Water supply 82 14 Services (Other) 4 15 Transportation 45 16 Housing 9 17 Corruption 132 18 Political violence 5 19 Political Instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 21 20 Discrimination/inequality 22 21 Gender issues/Women's right 2 22 Democracy/political rights 2 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 0 24 Civil War 2 25 Drought 3 26 Orphans/Street Children/homeless children 2 27 Infrastructure/roads 66 28 Loans/Credit 0 29 Land 3 30 Electricity 59 31 Religious conflict 3 32 Social Welfare (care for widows, elderly, poor) 1 33 Social Problems (alchohol or drug abuse, prostitution, etc) 1 34 *Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 0 35 Overpopulation 1 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatisation of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth Problems 0 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 6 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 0 160 Protection of citizens living/working elsewhere 0 161 Promotion or implementation of decentralisation 0 163 Environmental problems 0 180 Governance/Non implementation of policies 2 260 Petroleum/fuel crisis/petrol price/fuel scarcity 194 261 Deregulation of oil 1 262 Peace/lack of peace 3 263 Strike action 1 264 Being not trustworthy 4 265 Gap between rich and poor 0 266 Banning of foreign goods/closure of borders 4 267 No brotherly love/greed 2 268 Lack of Industries 1 269 Lack of recreation centers 2 380 Terrorism 0 381 Transitional justice 0 995 Others 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q44PT2 Most important problems - 2nd mention 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response 2428 1 996 1 Unemployment 338 2 Management of the economy 144 3 Poverty/destitution 333 4 Farming/agriculture 98 5 Food shortage/famine 128 6 Communications 18 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 53 8 Rates and Taxes 18 9 Education 285 10 Health 126 11 AIDS 31 12 Crime and Security 96 13 Water supply 126 14 Services (Other) 5 15 Transportation 61 16 Housing 18 17 Corruption 168 18 Political violence 30 19 Political Instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 30 20 Discrimination/inequality 25 21 Gender issues/Women's right 4 22 Democracy/political rights 8 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 0 24 Civil War 0 25 Drought 2 26 Orphans/Street Children/homeless children 4 27 Infrastructure/roads 79 28 Loans/Credit 2 29 Land 7 30 Electricity 100 31 Religious conflict 1 32 Social Welfare (care for widows, elderly, poor) 0 33 Social Problems (alchohol or drug abuse, prostitution, etc) 0 34 *Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 0 35 Overpopulation 0 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatisation of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth Problems 1 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 0 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 0 160 Protection of citizens living/working elsewhere 2 161 Promotion or implementation of decentralisation 0 163 Environmental problems 0 180 Governance/Non implementation of policies 0 260 Petroleum/fuel crisis/petrol price/fuel scarcity 65 261 Deregulation of oil 2 262 Peace/lack of peace 0 263 Strike action 0 264 Being not trustworthy 4 265 Gap between rich and poor 0 266 Banning of foreign goods/closure of borders 2 267 No brotherly love/greed 4 268 Lack of Industries 0 269 Lack of recreation centres 0 380 Terrorism 0 381 Transitional justice 0 995 Others 0 996 No further answer 10 998 Refused 0 Q44PT3 Most important problems - 3rd mention 44. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response 2428 1 996 1 Unemployment 265 2 Management of the economy 113 3 Poverty/destitution 224 4 Farming/agriculture 89 5 Food shortage/famine 109 6 Communications 12 7 Wages, incomes and salaries 45 8 Rates and Taxes 10 9 Education 247 10 Health 170 11 AIDS 42 12 Crime and Security 126 13 Water supply 136 14 Services (Other) 7 15 Transportation 78 16 Housing 37 17 Corruption 245 18 Political violence 45 19 Political Instability/political divisions/ethnic tensions 31 20 Discrimination/inequality 37 21 Gender issues/Women's right 2 22 Democracy/political rights 10 23 War (international) or cross-border conflict 0 24 Civil War 4 25 Drought 2 26 Orphans/Street Children/homeless children 6 27 Infrastructure/roads 83 28 Loans/Credit 8 29 Land 6 30 Electricity 96 31 Religious conflict 1 32 Social Welfare (care for widows, elderly, poor) 0 33 Social Problems (alchohol or drug abuse, prostitution, etc) 0 34 *Discrimination/inequality/equal opportunity 3 35 Overpopulation 1 36 Colonialism 0 50 Privatisation of public companies 0 51 Emigration 0 52 Youth Problems 0 53 Sanitary problems 0 60 Leadership 2 80 No mills 0 81 No shops/warehouses 0 82 Floods 0 160 Protection of citizens living/working elsewhere 0 161 Promotion or implementation of decentralisation 0 163 Environmental problems 1 180 Governance/Non implementation of plocies 0 260 Petroleum/fuel crisis/petrol price/fuel scarcity 66 261 Deregulation of oil 1 262 Peace/lack of peace 1 263 Strike action 0 264 Being not trustworthy 1 265 Gap between rich and poor 0 266 Banning of foreign goods/closure of borders 2 267 No brotherly love/greed 0 268 Lack of Industries 1 269 Lack of recreation centres 0 380 Terrorism 0 381 Transitional justice 0 995 Others 0 996 No further answer 63 998 Refused 0 Q45A Handling/ Managing the Economy 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 991 2 Fairly Badly 684 3 Fairly Well 659 4 Very Well 71 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 23 Q45B Handling/ Creating jobs 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 1011 2 Fairly Badly 865 3 Fairly Well 491 4 Very Well 27 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 34 Q45C Handling/ Keeping prices Stable 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 1194 2 Fairly Badly 856 3 Fairly Well 335 4 Very Well 28 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 15 Q45D Handling/ Narrowing Gaps Between Rich and Poor 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 1288 2 Fairly Badly 795 3 Fairly Well 267 4 Very Well 46 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 32 Q45E Handling/ Reducing Crime 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 783 2 Fairly Badly 743 3 Fairly Well 766 4 Very Well 109 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 27 Q45F Handling/ Improving Basic Health Services 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 584 2 Fairly Badly 682 3 Fairly Well 1002 4 Very Well 141 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 19 Q45G Handling/ Addressing Education Needs 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 725 2 Fairly Badly 762 3 Fairly Well 797 4 Very Well 105 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 39 Q45H Handling/ Delivering Household Water 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 877 2 Fairly Badly 798 3 Fairly Well 639 4 Very Well 76 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 38 Q45I Handling/ Ensuring Everyone has Enough to Eat 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 1026 2 Fairly Badly 853 3 Fairly Well 460 4 Very Well 54 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 35 Q45J Handling/ Fighting Corruption in Government 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 979 2 Fairly Badly 784 3 Fairly Well 511 4 Very Well 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 71 Q45K Handling/ Resolving Conflicts Between Communities 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 609 2 Fairly Badly 686 3 Fairly Well 877 4 Very Well 180 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 76 Q45K1 Handling/ Combating Malaria 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 354 2 Fairly Badly 480 3 Fairly Well 1050 4 Very Well 377 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 167 Q45L Handling/ Combating HIV/AIDS 2428 1 9 1 Very Badly 269 2 Fairly Badly 446 3 Fairly Well 1033 4 Very Well 457 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 223 Q46 Resources to Combat AIDS vs. Other Problems 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 471 2 Agree with A 566 3 Agree with B 651 4 *Agree very strongly with B 486 5 Agree with neither 186 9 Don't know 68 Q47 Proportion of Problems Solveable 47. What proportion of the country’s problems do you think the government can solve? 2428 0 9 0 None of them 17 1 Very few of them 286 2 Some of them 613 3 Most of them 870 4 All of them 618 9 Don't know 24 Q48A Performance: President 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 676 2 Disapprove 813 3 Approve 781 4 Strongly Approve 107 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 51 Q48B Performance: Rep. to National Assembly 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 579 2 Disapprove 924 3 Approve 666 4 Strongly Approve 52 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 207 Q48C Performance: Rep. to State Assembly 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 542 2 Disapprove 904 3 Approve 696 4 Strongly Approve 79 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 207 Q48C1-NIG Your State Governor 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 483 2 Disapprove 687 3 Approve 958 4 Strongly Approve 241 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 59 Q48D Performance: Your Local Government Chairman 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 488 2 Disapprove 845 3 Approve 771 4 Strongly Approve 115 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 209 Q48E-NIG Any Judge You Have Encountered 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 264 2 Disapprove 513 3 Approve 581 4 Strongly Approve 101 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 969 Q48e1-NIG Any Lawyer You Have Encountered 2428 1 9 1 Strongly Disapprove 244 2 Disapprove 498 3 Approve 577 4 Strongly Approve 117 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 992 Q49A Responsibilities of MP - 1st Response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your representative to the National Assembly? 1st response 2428 1 999 0 None 0 1 Make laws 278 2 Approve/ratify budget 8 3 Listen to the people 109 4 Represent the people 338 5 Check and balance executive branch 14 6 Deliver development 119 7 Fight corruption 46 8 Make the government work better 12 9 Ensure economic equality 4 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 0 11 To ensure justice 9 12 To rule/to govern 0 13 Ensure national unity 9 14 National security 60 15 Interpret laws/constitution 0 16 Civic education 0 17 Environment 2 20 Implement education policies 111 21 Implement health policies 68 22 Create employment 188 23 Control prices 14 24 Control crime 12 25 Manage the macro-economy 29 26 Help the poor 71 27 Improve infrastructure 228 28 International relations 0 29 Ensure/Protect/promote democracy 80 30 Handle AIDs issues/AIDS awareness 1 31 Debate/discuss/solve problems 10 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor) 4 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 1 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 34 35 Housing issues 4 50 Help the population 6 51 Keep promises/honest/obey the law 27 60 Improve water supply 128 61 Feedback from govt. and parliament/tell what govt. want 9 62 Give loans/help people get loans 16 63 Improve electricity supply 84 64 Advise/guide/teach/inform people 2 65 Assist women (with jobs, education, rights, etc) 2 66 Reduce taxes/help with taxes 1 67 Connect people and the government 52 80 Control the population 0 165 Work for themselves 0 260 Reduction in price of fuel 14 261 Provision of social amenities/more social amenities 43 262 Create local government 2 263 Ensure people enough food/prevent femine 16 264 Should be God fearing 2 265 Fuel crisis/scarcity/repair refineries 22 266 Approve public appointments 2 267 Establishment of industries/investment 5 268 Deligent to his duty 0 269 Increase salaries 3 270 To introduce Sharia law 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 129 Q49B Responsibilities of MP - 2nd Response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your representative to the National Assembly? 2nd response 2428 1 996 1 Make laws 116 2 Approve/ratify budget 18 3 Listen to the people 72 4 Represent the people 119 5 Check and balance executive branch 22 6 Deliver development 87 7 Fight corruption 72 8 Make the government work better 20 9 Ensure economic equality 6 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 0 11 To ensure justice 8 12 To rule/to govern 1 13 Ensure national unity 11 14 National security 59 15 Interpret laws/constitution 2 16 Civic education 0 17 Environment 0 20 Implement education policies 154 21 Implement health policies 116 22 Create employment 185 23 Control prices 21 24 Control crime 6 25 Manage the macro-economy 23 26 Help the poor 62 27 Improve infrastructure 251 28 International relations 1 29 Ensure/Protect/promote democracy 52 30 Handle AIDs issues/AIDS awareness 0 31 Debate/discuss/solve problems 12 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor) 4 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 3 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 28 35 Housing issues 12 50 Help the population 3 51 Keep promises/honest/obey the law 23 60 Improve water supply 149 61 Feedback from govt. and parliament/tell what govt. want 11 62 Give loans/help people get loans 14 63 Improve electricity supply 120 64 Advise/guide/teach/inform people 2 65 Assist women (with jobs, education, rights, etc) 0 66 Reduce taxes/help with taxes 0 67 Connect people and the government 38 80 Control the population 0 165 Work for themselves 0 260 Reduction in price of fuel 15 261 Provision of social amenities/more social amenities 47 262 Create local government 2 263 Ensure people enough food/prevent femine 12 264 Should be God fearing 0 265 Fuel crisis/scarcity/repair refineries 31 266 Approve public appointments 2 267 Establishment of industries/investment 4 268 Deligent to his duty 6 269 Increase salaries 3 270 To introduce Sharia law 1 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 402 Q49C Responsibilities of MP - 3rd Response 49. In your opinion, what are the most important responsibilities of your representative to the National Assembly? 3rd response 2428 1 996 1 Make laws 56 2 Approve/ratify budget 10 3 Listen to the people 32 4 Represent the people 53 5 Check and balance executive branch 11 6 Deliver development 25 7 Fight corruption 35 8 Make the government work better 10 9 Ensure economic equality 4 10 Spend their own money in the constituency 0 11 To ensure justice 2 12 To rule/to govern 1 13 Ensure national unity 7 14 National security 52 15 Interpret laws/constitution 0 16 Civic education 1 17 Environment 1 20 Implement education policies 144 21 Implement health policies 103 22 Create employment 122 23 Control prices 22 24 Control crime 8 25 Manage the macro-economy 21 26 Help the poor 39 27 Improve infrastructure 155 28 International relations 0 29 Ensure/Protect/promote democracy 27 30 Handle AIDs issues/AIDS awareness 0 31 Debate/discuss/solve problems 2 32 Social welfare issues (fight poverty, assist poor) 4 33 Manage land issues/land distribution 1 34 Improve agriculture/assist farmers 39 35 Housing issues 11 50 Help the population 7 51 Keep promises/honest/obey the law 10 60 Improve water supply 105 61 Feedback from govt. and parliament/tell what govt. want 7 62 Give loans/help people get loans 19 63 Improve electricity supply 94 64 Advise/guide/teach/inform people 1 65 Assist women (with jobs, education, rights, etc) 1 66 Reduce taxes/help with taxes 1 67 Connect people and the government 13 80 Control the population 0 165 Work for themselves 0 260 Reduction in price of fuel 16 261 Provision of social amenities/more social amenities 31 262 Create local government 0 263 Ensure people enough food/prevent femine 12 264 Should be God fearing 0 265 Fuel crisis/scarcity/repair refineries 15 266 Approve public appointments 0 267 Establishment of industries/investment 5 268 Deligent to his duty 0 269 Increase salaries 6 270 To introduce Sharia law 0 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 1087 Q50A Leaders Look After People's Interests 2428 0 9 0 Never 1223 1 Some of the time 887 2 Most of the time 157 3 Always 90 9 Don't know 71 Q50B Leaders Listen to People 2428 0 9 0 Never 1431 1 Some of the time 648 2 Most of the time 177 3 Always 104 9 Don't know 68 Q51A Corruption: Office of The Presidency 2428 0 9 0 None 136 1 Some of them 967 2 Most of them 666 3 All of them 551 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 108 Q51B Corruption: Elected Leaders 2428 0 9 0 None 111 1 Some of them 903 2 Most of them 798 3 All of them 504 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 112 Q51C Corruption: Government Officials 2428 0 9 0 None 93 1 Some of them 901 2 Most of them 882 3 All of them 473 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 79 Q51D Corruption: Police 2428 0 9 0 None 91 1 Some of them 580 2 Most of them 831 3 All of them 875 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 51 Q51E Corruption: Border Officials 2428 0 9 0 None 96 1 Some of them 733 2 Most of them 869 3 All of them 526 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 204 Q51F Corruption: Judges and Magistrates 2428 0 9 0 None 127 1 Some of them 1026 2 Most of them 684 3 All of them 358 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 233 Q51G Corruption: Local Businessmen 2428 0 9 0 None 183 1 Some of them 1192 2 Most of them 640 3 All of them 256 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 157 Q51H Corruption: Foreign Businessmen 2428 0 9 0 None 206 1 Some of them 1112 2 Most of them 570 3 All of them 236 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 304 Q51I Corruption: Teachers and School administrators 2428 0 9 0 None 256 1 Some of them 1345 2 Most of them 492 3 All of them 194 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 141 Q51J Corruption: Religious Leaders 2428 0 9 0 None 607 1 Some of them 1235 2 Most of them 293 3 All of them 130 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 163 Q51K Corruption: NGO Leaders 2428 0 9 0 None 297 1 Some of them 1093 2 Most of them 379 3 All of them 177 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 482 Q51L-NIG Traditional Ruler 2428 0 9 0 None 334 1 Some of them 1221 2 Most of them 451 3 All of them 219 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 203 Q52A Enforce the Law: Serious Crime 2428 1 9 1 Not at all likely 134 2 Not very likely 280 3 Likely 821 4 Very likely 1132 9 Don't know 61 Q52B Enforce the Law: Tax Evasion 2428 1 9 1 Not at all likely 205 2 Not very likely 400 3 Likely 825 4 Very likely 895 9 Don't know 103 Q52C Enforce the Law: Services without paying 2428 1 9 1 Not at all likely 188 2 Not very likely 373 3 Likely 827 4 Very likely 921 9 Don't know 119 Q53A Present vs. Past: Ability to Enforce The Law 2428 1 9 1 Much Less 250 2 Less 690 3 About the same 635 4 More 631 5 Much More 171 9 Don't Know 51 Q53B Present vs. Past: Effective Services Delivery 2428 1 9 1 Much Less 273 2 Less 570 3 About the same 722 4 More 669 5 Much More 158 9 Don't Know 36 Q53C Present vs. Past: Corrupt 2428 1 9 1 Much Less 146 2 Less 431 3 About the same 643 4 More 686 5 Much More 485 9 Don't Know 37 Q53D Present vs. Past: Trustworthy 2428 1 9 1 Much Less 359 2 Less 538 3 About the same 754 4 More 577 5 Much More 155 9 Don't Know 45 Q53A_NEW Effectiveness of AU/OAU 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 16 1 1 24 2 2 49 3 3 73 4 4 153 5 5 338 6 6 307 7 7 267 8 8 221 9 9 85 10 10 Very Well 103 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 792 Q53B_NEW Effectiveness of EU 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 19 1 1 17 2 2 27 3 3 58 4 4 119 5 5 264 6 6 280 7 7 266 8 8 207 9 9 116 10 10 Very Well 106 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 949 Q53C_NEW Effectiveness of UN 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 15 1 1 20 2 2 26 3 3 55 4 4 91 5 5 230 6 6 276 7 7 307 8 8 278 9 9 168 10 10 Very Well 159 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 803 Q53D_NEW Effectiveness of World Bank 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 19 1 1 21 2 2 34 3 3 58 4 4 98 5 5 226 6 6 253 7 7 291 8 8 227 9 9 154 10 10 Very Well 153 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 894 Q53E_NEW Effectiveness of IMF 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 26 1 1 27 2 2 38 3 3 56 4 4 97 5 5 202 6 6 230 7 7 317 8 8 249 9 9 138 10 10 Very Well 97 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 951 Q53F_NEW Effectiveness of Word Trade Organisation 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 17 1 1 18 2 2 26 3 3 48 4 4 83 5 5 192 6 6 229 7 7 287 8 8 217 9 9 184 10 10 Very Well 133 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 994 Q53G_NEW Effectiveness of ECOWAS 2428 0 99 0 0 Very bad 12 1 1 10 2 2 21 3 3 35 4 4 78 5 5 189 6 6 238 7 7 348 8 8 318 9 9 240 10 10 Very Well 199 98 Refused 0 99 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 740 Q54 Identity Group 54. Let’s go back to talking about you. We have spoken to many Nigerians and they have all described themselves in different ways. Some people describe themselves in terms of their language, ethnic group, race, religion, or gender and others describe themselves in economic terms such as working class, middle class, or a farmer. Besides being Nigerian, which specific group do you feel you belong to first and foremost? 2428 1 999 0 Can't explain 0 1 Language/tribe/ethnic group 1165 2 Race 10 3 Region 9 4 Religion 460 5 Occupation 283 6 Class 97 7 Gender 77 8 Individual/personal 1 10 Won't differentiate/National identity 113 12 Traditional leader 3 13 Political party indentity 3 14 Age-related 1 15 African/West African/Pan African 2 16 Island 0 17 Nomad 0 50 Portuguese 0 51 American 0 60 Family/relationship-based (wife, parent, widow, married) 48 61 Marginalised group (disabled, etc.) 4 260 Student 111 261 Rural dwellers 3 262 Physical/tall 1 263 Uuemployed 5 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 2 999 Don't know 30 Q55 Identity Group's Economic Conditions 55. Are ____________s’ [respondent’s identity group] economic conditions worse, the same as, or better than other groups in this country? 2428 1 9 1 Much Worse 318 2 Worse 557 3 About the same 655 4 Better 589 5 Much Better 110 7 Not Applicable 145 9 Don't know 54 Q56 Identity Group Treated Unfairly 56. How often are ___________s [respondent’s identity group] treated unfairly by the government? 2428 0 9 0 Never 331 1 Sometimes 834 2 Often 474 3 Always 528 7 Not applicable 145 9 Don't know 116 Q57 Group or National Identity 57. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Nigerian and being a ________ [respondent’s identity group]. Which of these two groups do you feel most strongly attached to? 2428 0 9 0 National Identity 1116 1 Group Identity 1122 7 Not applicable 145 9 Don't know 45 Q58A Difficulty to Obtain Identity Document 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 306 2 Difficult 736 3 Easy 716 4 Very Easy 142 7 Never Try 456 9 Don't know 72 Q58B Difficulty to Obtain Primary School Placement 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 178 2 Difficult 468 3 Easy 1178 4 Very Easy 220 7 Never Try 352 9 Don't know 32 Q58C Difficulty to Obtain Voter Registration Card 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 446 2 Difficult 859 3 Easy 830 4 Very Easy 125 7 Never Try 147 9 Don't know 21 Q58D Difficulty to Obtain Household Services 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 596 2 Difficult 846 3 Easy 325 4 Very Easy 40 7 Never Try 551 9 Don't know 70 Q58E Difficulty to Obtain government loan or payment 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 598 2 Difficult 537 3 Easy 110 4 Very Easy 36 7 Never Try 1035 9 Don't know 112 Q58F Difficulty to Obtain Help From The Police 2428 1 9 1 Very Difficult 495 2 Difficult 655 3 Easy 362 4 Very Easy 41 7 Never Try 800 9 Don't know 75 Q59A Pay Bribe For: Document or Permit 2428 0 9 0 Never 1733 1 Once or Twice 393 2 A Few Times 170 3 Often 67 9 Don't Know 65 Q59B Pay Bribe For: School Placement 2428 0 9 0 Never 1764 1 Once or Twice 364 2 A Few Times 225 3 Often 45 9 Don't Know 30 Q59C Pay Bribe For: Get Household Service 2428 0 9 0 Never 1748 1 Once or Twice 292 2 A Few Times 209 3 Often 100 9 Don't Know 79 Q59D Pay Bribe For: Cross a Border 2428 0 9 0 Never 2051 1 Once or Twice 100 2 A Few Times 112 3 Often 47 9 Don't Know 118 Q59E Pay Bribe For: Avoid Problem with Police 2428 0 9 0 Never 1736 1 Once or Twice 243 2 A Few Times 234 3 Often 155 9 Don't Know 60 Q59F Pay Bribe For: Anything else 2428 0 9 0 Never 2118 1 Once or Twice 15 2 A Few Times 3 3 Often 5 9 Don't Know 287 Q59G Pay Bribe For: Document or Permit 2428 1 997 1 To get a government job 5 2 To get health care 4 3 For University placement/exemption 2 6 To get products through customs 0 7 To join political party 0 80 To obtain justice 1 160 To get a benefit from government 2 180 To get a desired outcome in courts 0 260 Collecting examination results 4 261 Providing good roads 1 262 To get National identity card 1 263 To purchase essential items e.g. Kerosine 3 995 Others 0 997 Not applicable 2405 Q60 Do if Permit/Licence Delay 60. What would you do if you were waiting for a government permit or license, but kept encountering delays? 2428 1 999 1 Don't worry, just wait 915 2 Offer a tip or a gift to the official 522 3 Use connections to influential people 295 4 Write a letter to the head office 186 5 Do what you want without the permit 105 6 Do nothing because nothing can be done 319 260 To pray to God 3 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 83 Q61 People Responsible for Well-being vs. Government 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 483 2 Agree with A 548 3 Agree with B 772 4 *Agree very strongly with B 592 5 Agree with neither 22 9 Don't know 11 Q62 Community Well-being vs. Individual Interests 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 471 2 Agree with A 688 3 Agree with B 771 4 *Agree very strongly with B 445 5 Agree with neither 43 9 Don't know 10 Q63 Wealth Differences ok vs. Avoid Large Gaps 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 420 2 Agree with A 561 3 Agree with B 755 4 *Agree very strongly with B 627 5 Agree with neither 42 9 Don't know 23 Q64 Talk until Consensus vs. Accept Differences 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 478 2 Agree with A 631 3 Agree with B 741 4 *Agree very strongly with B 515 5 Agree with neither 43 9 Don't know 20 Q65 Question Actions of Leaders vs. Respect Authority 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 781 2 Agree with A 848 3 Agree with B 518 4 *Agree very strongly with B 237 5 Agree with neither 29 9 Don't know 15 Q66 All vote vs. Only Educated Vote 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 858 2 Agree with A 845 3 Agree with B 432 4 *Agree very strongly with B 245 5 Agree with neither 36 9 Don't know 12 Q67 Women subject to traditional Laws vs. Equal Rights 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 291 2 Agree with A 402 3 Agree with B 896 4 *Agree very strongly with B 792 5 Agree with neither 32 9 Don't know 15 Q68 Wealthy people as Leaders vs. Ordinary People 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 272 2 Agree with A 437 3 Agree with B 808 4 *Agree very strongly with B 781 5 Agree with neither 108 9 Don't know 22 Q69 Leaders Treat all Equally vs. Help own Community 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1022 2 Agree with A 872 3 Agree with B 332 4 *Agree very strongly with B 149 5 Agree with neither 40 9 Don't know 13 Q70 Government Like a Parent vs. An Employee 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 874 2 Agree with A 777 3 Agree with B 408 4 *Agree very strongly with B 303 5 Agree with neither 34 9 Don't know 32 Q71A Violent Conflicts Within Family 2428 0 9 0 Never 1201 1 Rarely 822 2 Sometimes 331 3 Often 50 4 Always 17 9 Don't Know 7 Q71B Violent Conflicts Within Community 2428 0 9 0 Never 722 1 Rarely 654 2 Sometimes 752 3 Often 207 4 Always 78 9 Don't Know 15 Q71C Violent Conflicts Between Groups in Country 2428 0 9 0 Never 282 1 Rarely 322 2 Sometimes 991 3 Often 523 4 Always 283 9 Don't Know 27 Q72A Cause Of Violent Conflicts - 1st Response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 1st response 2428 1 999 0 Nothing 0 1 Religion 522 2 Ethnic/Tribal differences 241 3 Exclusion from political leadership 0 4 Political party disputes 6 5 Political leadership disputes 82 6 Personal properties/inheritance 11 7 Natural resources 58 8 Boundary or land disputes 475 9 Economic problems 9 10 Social deprivation 45 11 Traditional leadership disputes 38 12 Location of local government centers 8 13 Interpersonal/family matters 1 14 Group conflict 17 15 Corruption/illegal activity 10 16 Labour/workplace disputes 0 17 Sports supporters 0 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 8 19 Personal behaviors 15 20 Crime 1 21 Discrimination/inequality 21 22 Politics/Political issues 253 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 32 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 0 25 Overpopulation 0 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 3 27 Unwanted children/orphans 1 28 Business competition 0 29 Loans/unpaid debts 42 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 0 51 Drug/drug abuse 0 52 Racism 0 53 Lack of education/ignorance/education problems 9 54 Envy/jealousy/speaking badly/gossip 6 55 *Lack of respect for others/scorn/superiority 1 56 Hate 6 60 Poor leadership 1 61 Bad governance 4 62 Disagreement/differences of opinion 4 63 Lack of cooperation/disunity/mistrust 6 64 Insecurity/instability, rebellion, availability of weapons 8 65 Gender issues 0 66 Withcraft 0 67 Income distribution/gap between rich and poor 1 68 Greed 17 70 Problems over animals or livestock, cattle rustling 3 71 International relations 0 72 Disease/deaths 0 86 Cultural differences 0 87 Ambition/power struggle 0 90 Immigration (including illegal) 0 120 Problem over women (kidnaping/abduction, adultert) 0 167 Problem over water 0 168 Fate/destiny 0 171 Decentralisation 0 260 Fuel scarcity/oil problem/hike in price 92 261 Sharia law/issue 14 262 Electricity problem/provision 4 263 Employment/unemployment 50 264 Inter-marriage between community 2 265 No payment of salary/not paying salary on time 2 266 Create/divide Nigeria in many parts 1 267 Cultism 2 268 Company refuse to pay for damage cause by oil 2 269 Language difficulties 1 270 Allocation of social amenities 3 271 Over revenue allocation 0 995 Other 0 997 Not applicable 282 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 8 Q72B Cause Of Violent Conflicts - 2nd Response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 2nd response 2428 1 997 1 Religion 440 2 Ethnic/Tribal differences 261 3 Exclusion from political leadership 0 4 Political party disputes 12 5 Political leadership disputes 84 6 Personal properties/inheritance 10 7 Natural resources 61 8 Boundary or land disputes 339 9 Economic problems 10 10 Social deprivation 39 11 Traditional leadership disputes 53 12 Location of local government centers 20 13 Interpersonal/family matters 0 14 Group conflict 24 15 Corruption/illegal activity 21 16 Labour/workplace disputes 0 17 Sports supporters 1 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 12 19 Personal behaviors 11 20 Crime 6 21 Discrimination/inequality 21 22 Politics/Political issues 218 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 13 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 0 25 Overpopulation 0 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 3 27 Unwanted children/orphans 0 28 Business competition 0 29 Loans/unpaid debts 39 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 0 51 Drug/drug abuse 0 52 Racism 1 53 Lack of education/ignorance/education problems 16 54 Envy/jealousy/speaking badly/gossip 5 55 *Lack of respect for others/scorn/superiority 2 56 Hate 2 60 Poor leadership 6 61 Bad governance 8 62 Disagreement/differences of opinion 3 63 Lack of cooperation/disunity/mistrust 5 64 Insecurity/instability, rebellion, availability of weapons 3 65 Gender issues 0 66 Withcraft 0 67 Income distribution/gap between rich and poor 2 68 Greed 11 70 Problems over animals or livestock, cattle rustling 5 71 International relations 0 72 Disease/deaths 0 86 Cultural differences 2 87 Ambition/power struggle 0 90 Immigration (including illegal) 0 120 Problem over women (kidnaping/abduction, adultert) 5 167 Problem over water 7 168 Fate/destiny 0 171 Decentralisation 1 260 Fuel scarcity/oil problem/hike in price 88 261 Sharia law/issue 1 262 Electricity problem/provision 2 263 Employment/unemployment 48 264 Inter-marriage between community 2 265 No payment of salary/not paying salary on time 3 266 Create/divide Nigeria in many parts 3 267 Cultism 3 268 Company refuse to pay for damage cause by oil 5 269 Language difficulties 1 270 Allocation of social amenities 2 271 Over revenue allocation 4 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 202 997 Not Applicable 282 Q72C Cause Of Violent Conflicts - 3rd Response Ask only if response to Q71A, B or C was 7 = Never Try. If any other response was given to Q71A, B or C, select 7=Not applicable. 72. Over what sort of problems do violent conflicts most often arise between different groups in this country? 3rd response 2428 1 997 1 Religion 205 2 Ethnic/Tribal differences 171 3 Exclusion from political leadership 1 4 Political party disputes 10 5 Political leadership disputes 45 6 Personal properties/inheritance 9 7 Natural resources 40 8 Boundary or land disputes 185 9 Economic problems 7 10 Social deprivation 32 11 Traditional leadership disputes 41 12 Location of local government centers 6 13 Interpersonal/family matters 1 14 Group conflict 8 15 Corruption/illegal activity 17 16 Labour/workplace disputes 0 17 Sports supporters 0 18 Human rights/legal issues/injustices 7 19 Personal behaviors 10 20 Crime 3 21 Discrimination/inequality 26 22 Politics/Political issues 157 23 Poor communications/misunderstandings 9 24 Social issues (gay rights, prostitution) 0 25 Overpopulation 0 26 Lack of respect for elders or other people 0 27 Unwanted children/orphans 0 28 Business competition 0 29 Loans/unpaid debts 23 50 Alcoholism/drinking/alcohol 0 51 Drug/drug abuse 1 52 Racism 0 53 Lack of education/ignorance/education problems 15 54 Envy/jealousy/speaking badly/gossip 8 55 *Lack of respect for others/scorn/superiority 1 56 Hate 5 60 Poor leadership 5 61 Bad governance 6 62 Disagreement/differences of opinion 3 63 Lack of cooperation/disunity/mistrust 3 64 Insecurity/instability, rebellion, availability of weapons 0 65 Gender issues 0 66 Withcraft 0 67 Income distribution/gap between rich and poor 1 68 Greed 11 70 Problems over animals or livestock, cattle rustling 6 71 International relations 0 72 Disease/deaths 0 86 Cultural differences 3 87 Ambition/power struggle 0 90 Immigration (including illegal) 0 120 Problem over women (kidnaping/abduction, adultert) 4 167 Problem over water 5 168 Fate/destiny 0 171 Decentralisation 0 260 Fuel scarcity/oil problem/hike in price 45 261 Sharia law/issue 7 262 Electricity problem/provision 1 263 Employment/unemployment 36 264 Inter-marriage between community 2 265 No payment of salary/not paying salary on time 1 266 Create/divide Nigeria in many parts 0 267 Cultism 1 268 Company refuse to pay for damage cause by oil 3 269 Language difficulties 4 270 Allocation of social amenities 3 271 Over revenue allocation 2 995 Other 0 996 No further answer 951 997 Not Applicable 282 Q73PT1 Who Resolves Conflicts - 1st Response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 1st response 2428 0 999 0 No-one 75 1 The people involved in the conflict 170 2 Family/friends/neighbors 123 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 358 4 Traditional courts 78 5 Local courts 46 6 Local administration 47 7 A religious organization or leader 179 8 A non-governmental organization 26 9 A vigilante group 51 10 The armed forces/police 575 11 Other government agencies 110 12 National courts 43 13 *The armed forces of other countries 23 14 International mediators 20 15 Federal Government 0 16 Divine Intervention/God 134 17 All levels of government 47 18 President 13 19 Law makers 0 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime minister 0 160 Witches/withcraft/Traditional doctors 0 260 The wealthy people 0 261 Appeal tribunal 0 262 Governorship 1 263 Local govt. chairman 0 264 National Assembly 0 265 Labour leaders 0 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 2 995 Others 0 997 Not applicable 282 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 25 Q73PT2 Who Resolves Conflicts - 2nd Response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 2nd response 2428 1 997 1 The people involved in the conflict 105 2 Family/friends/neighbors 109 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 313 4 Traditional courts 99 5 Local courts 85 6 Local administration 74 7 A religious organization or leader 268 8 A non-governmental organization 51 9 A vigilante group 121 10 The armed forces/police 342 11 Other government agencies 171 12 National courts 82 13 *The armed forces of other countries 45 14 International mediators 24 15 Federal Government 0 16 Divine Intervention/God 19 17 All levels of government 13 18 President 4 19 Law makers 0 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime minister 0 160 Witches/withcraft/Traditional doctors 0 260 The wealthy people 0 261 Appeal tribunal 1 262 Governorship 1 263 Local govt. chairman 1 264 National Assembly 0 265 Labour leaders 1 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 0 995 Others 0 996 No further answer 217 997 Not Applicable 282 Q73PT3 Who Resolves Conflicts - 3rd Response 73. To whom do you turn for help to resolve a violent conflict between different groups in this country? 3rd response 2428 1 997 1 The people involved in the conflict 115 2 Family/friends/neighbors 84 3 Traditional chiefs/elders/mediators 232 4 Traditional courts 77 5 Local courts 72 6 Local administration 63 7 A religious organization or leader 215 8 A non-governmental organization 41 9 A vigilante group 98 10 The armed forces/police 289 11 Other government agencies 170 12 National courts 94 13 *The armed forces of other countries 50 14 International mediators 61 15 Federal Government 0 16 Divine Intervention/God 17 17 All levels of government 9 18 President 1 19 Law makers 0 20 Security companies 0 21 Myself 0 22 Other community leaders 0 50 Prime minister 0 160 Witches/withcraft/Traditional doctors 0 260 The wealthy people 1 261 Appeal tribunal 0 262 Governorship 1 263 Local govt. chairman 0 264 National Assembly 1 265 Labour leaders 0 990 Conflicts cannot be resolved 0 995 Others 0 996 No further answer 455 997 Not Applicable 282 Q74 Right to Beat vs. No Use of Violence 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 317 2 Agree with A 445 3 Agree with B 784 4 *Agree very strongly with B 832 5 Agree with neither 44 9 Don't Know 6 Q75 Turn To Police vs. Take Revenge 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 790 2 Agree with A 1171 3 Agree with B 278 4 *Agree very strongly with B 109 5 Agree with neither 53 9 Don't Know 27 Q76 Violence Never Justified vs. Sometimes necessary 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 750 2 Agree with A 1027 3 Agree with B 399 4 *Agree very strongly with B 152 5 Agree with neither 51 9 Don't Know 49 Q77 Country Should Remain United vs. Country Should break apart 2428 1 9 1 Agree very strongly with A 1206 2 Agree with A 734 3 Agree with B 244 4 *Agree very strongly with B 215 5 Agree with neither 12 9 Don't Know 17 Q78A-NIG Presidential Election of April 2003 2428 0 9 0 Very dishonest 904 1 Somewhat dishonest 429 2 Fairly honestly 592 3 Very honestly 320 9 Don't Know 183 Q78B-NIG National Assembly Election of 2003 2428 0 9 0 Very dishonest 822 1 Somewhat dishonest 412 2 Fairly honestly 650 3 Very honestly 304 9 Don't Know 240 Q78C-NIG State Government Election of May 2003 2428 0 9 0 Very dishonest 844 1 Somewhat dishonest 378 2 Fairly honestly 628 3 Very honestly 371 9 Don't Know 207 Q79A-NIG Are You Registered Voter 79A-NIG. Are you a registered voter? 2428 0 9 0 No 383 1 Yes 2027 9 Don't know 18 Q79B-NIG Reasons Why Not Registered to Vote 79B-NIG. If you are not registered, what is the reason? 2428 1 99 1 Missed registration 26 2 Ill health 38 3 Absent from area 31 4 Registration process was not credible 23 5 Voter card was not available 46 6 Under 18 during registration 38 7 Not interested in voting 109 8 Otherwise engaged 8 9 Family didn't allow it 21 10 Don't know about registration 4 95 Other 10 97 Not applicable 2045 99 Don't know 29 Q79C-NIG The Presidential Elections of April 2003 79C-NIG. Understanding that some Nigerians choose not to vote, let me ask you, did you vote in each of the following elections: The Presidential election of April 2003? 2428 0 9 0 No 243 1 Yes 1783 7 Not applicable 383 9 Don't know/can't remember 19 Q79D-NIG The National Assembly Elections of April 2003 79D-NIG. Understanding that some Nigerians choose not to vote, let me ask you, did you vote in each of the following elections: The National Assembly election of April 2003? 2428 0 9 0 No 372 1 Yes 1643 7 Not applicable 383 9 Don't know/can't remember 30 Q79E-NIG State Government Elections of May 2003 79E-NIG. Understanding that some Nigerians choose not to vote, let me ask you, did you vote in each of the following elections: The state government elections of May 2003? 2428 0 9 0 No 249 1 Yes 1771 7 Not applicable 383 9 Don't know/can't remember 25 Q79F-NIG Voted for Individual or Political Party 79F-NIG. When you voted for the National Assembly, did you vote for an individual or for a political party? 2428 1 9 1 Individual 825 2 Party 804 7 Not applicable 755 9 Don't know 44 Q80 Age 80. Finally, let us record a few facts about yourself. How old were you at your last birthday? 2428 18 999 999 Don't know 12 18 134 19 97 20 173 21 97 22 124 23 93 24 98 25 167 26 82 27 71 28 88 29 71 30 124 31 46 32 65 33 36 34 38 35 96 36 32 37 38 38 32 39 29 40 90 41 25 42 25 43 26 44 16 45 60 46 12 47 15 48 21 49 15 50 50 51 8 52 19 53 9 54 9 55 28 56 11 57 14 58 15 59 8 60 31 61 2 62 9 63 11 64 4 65 9 66 1 67 3 68 6 69 3 70 12 71 1 72 1 73 1 75 2 77 1 78 1 80 2 81 2 82 3 84 1 85 1 87 1 88 1 Q81 Head of Household 81. Are you the head of the household? 2428 0 1 0 No 1621 1 Yes 807 9 Don't Know 0 82. In your household, how many children are there under the age of 18? 2428 0 99 0 427 1 231 2 404 3 349 4 241 5 176 6 122 7 57 8 52 9 19 10 33 11 4 12 19 13 8 14 2 15 5 16 2 20 5 21 1 22 1 23 1 25 2 36 1 99 Don't know 266 Q83 Language of Respondent 83. Which Nigerian language is your home language? 2428 260 995 1 English 0 2 French 0 3 Portugese 0 4 Kiswahili 0 260 Hausa 537 261 Yoruba 505 262 Igbo 403 263 Tiv 63 264 Ijaw 162 265 Kanuri 91 266 Nupe 17 267 Ibibio 57 268 Efik 23 269 Edo 41 270 Igala/Idoma 32 271 Urhobo 23 272 Ebira 23 273 Fulani 70 274 Isoko 4 275 Kalabari 16 276 Ikewere 19 277 Gwari 13 278 Sidawa 4 279 Pidgin English 4 380 Kalenjin 0 381 Kamba 0 382 Kikuyu 0 383 Kisii 0 384 Luhya 0 385 Luo 0 386 Maasai/Samburu 0 387 Mijikenda 0 388 Somali 0 389 Taita 0 390 Turkana 0 800 Berom 4 801 Chip 2 802 Jarawa 8 803 Mada 0 804 Ron 0 805 Gbagyi 7 806 Jaba 4 807 Esan 8 808 Okun 0 809 Mgas 1 810 Ukwani 0 995 Other 287 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q84 Education of Respondent 84. What is the highest level of education you have completed? 2428 0 9 0 No formal schooling 336 1 Informal schooling only 153 2 Some primary schooling 112 3 Primary school completed 270 4 Some secondary school/high school 411 5 Secondary school completed/high school 696 6 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 274 7 Some university 94 8 University completed 70 9 Post-graduate 12 99 Don't know 0 Q85 Religion of Respondent 85. What is your religion, if any? 2428 0 260 0 None 14 1 Islam 958 2 Catholic 411 3 Protestant (Mainstream) 360 4 Protestant (Evangelical/Pentecostal) 584 5 African Independent Church 58 6 Traditional religion 31 7 Hindu 2 8 Agnostic (Do not know if there is a God) 0 9 Atheist (Do not believe in a God) 1 10 Christian (general) 3 11 Jehovah's witness 4 12 Seven Day Adventist/Mormon 1 13 Racionalismo Cristao/Christian Rationalism 0 50 *Racionalismo Cristao/Christian Rationalism 0 51 New Apostolic 0 52 Jesus Christ of the last Days 0 260 Brotherhood Olumba Olumba 1 380 Sunni Muslim 0 381 Ithnashiri Muslim (Shi'a) 0 382 Ismaili Muslim (Shi'a) 0 383 Khodja Muslim (Shi'a) 0 384 Bohra Muslim (Shi'a) 0 385 Memon Muslim (Shi'a) 0 386 Other Muslim 0 387 Quaker 0 388 Neo-traditional religion (Munigiki, Tent of living God) 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q85A-NIG Association or Brotherhood You Belong to 85A-NIG. Which association or brotherhood do you belong to? 2428 0 999 0 No 381 1 Izala 60 2 Danka/Darika Islamic association 72 3 Nasfat 51 4 Mohammadiya 29 5 Tijania 22 6 Ansar-u-deen 20 7 Muslim student society/Mss 17 8 Sarika 10 9 Jamatul islam association 8 10 Nawar-u-deen 5 11 Quadira/Quadiriyah/Khadiriya 12 12 Ahiali sumah/Ahlis sunnah/Ahali sunnah 17 13 Muslim Brotherhood 9 14 Izalatul bidia wa 'I kamatul sunna 17 15 Alasalatu 7 16 Maliki 6 17 Islamia/Islamiyah 10 18 Kadirat 1 19 Nurudeen 8 20 Jama'atu Narai slam 10 21 Awaledeen/Awahaldeen 8 22 Quareeb 4 23 Nasir-u-deen society 4 24 Janaatu Sunnah 3 25 Shier/shia 6 26 Sunni 4 27 Shute 1 28 Women Islamic association 6 29 Imman 4 30 Indawa 4 31 Jafoq 1 32 Imar society 1 33 Kasarudeen 1 34 Izmon 1 997 Not applicable (not a Muslim) 1470 998 Refused 79 999 Don't know 59 Q86 How Often Attend Religious Services 86. Excluding weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services? 2428 1 9 1 Never 122 2 About once a year or less 111 3 About once every several months 219 4 About once a month 205 5 About once a week 641 6 More than once a week 1086 9 Don't know 44 Q87A Close To Political Party 87A. Do you feel close to any particular political party? If so, which party is that? 2428 0 999 0 No, not close to any party 1150 260 People's Democratic Party (PDP) 588 261 All Nigeria People's Party (APP) 403 262 Alliance for Democracy (AD) 69 263 People's Redemption Party (PRP) 1 264 All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) 78 265 NCP 6 266 UNPP 7 267 UNDP 1 268 NDP 2 380 Democratic Party (DP) 0 381 Ford-Asili 0 382 Ford-k 0 383 Ford people (F/P) 0 384 Islamic Party of Kenya 0 385 Kenya African National Union (KANU) 0 386 Liberia Democratic Party (LDP) 0 387 National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) 0 388 National Party of Kenya (NPK) 0 389 Safina 0 390 Shirikisho 0 391 Sisi kwa Sisi 0 392 Social Democratic Party (SDP) 0 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 68 999 Don't know 55 Q87B How Close to This Political Party 87B. Do you feel very close to this party, somewhat close, or not very close? 2428 1 9 1 Very close 427 2 Somewhat close 403 3 Not very close 312 7 Not applicable 1273 9 Don't know 13 Q88 Main Occupation 88. What is your main occupation? (If unemployed, retired, or disabled, what was your last main occupation?) 2428 0 999 0 Never Had A Job 107 1 Farmer (produces only for home consumption) 83 2 *Farmer (produces surplus for sale) 248 3 **Farmer (produces mainly for sale) 22 4 Farm worker 46 5 Fisherman 35 6 Trader/Hawker/Vendor 341 7 Businessperson 221 8 Professional Worker (e.g. Lawyer, Accountant, nurse etc.) 49 9 Supervisor/Foreman 9 10 Clerical Worker 36 12 Miner 0 14 Domestic Worker/Maid/Char/Househelp 4 15 Teacher 60 16 Government Worker 130 17 Armed Services/Police/ Security Personnel 14 18 Student 480 19 Housewife/Works In the Household 260 22 Retail Worker 20 23 Artisan/Skilled manual worker-formal sector 47 24 *Artisan/Skilled manual worker-informal sector 92 25 Unskilled manual in the formal sector 17 26 *Unskilled manual worker in the informal sector 52 27 Driver 3 50 Marine/Sailor 0 60 Tranditional healer 1 161 Local Chief/headman/Local leader 1 260 Youth Corper/National service 3 261 Clergyman/Priest/Paster 8 262 Motor cyclist/Okada man 4 263 Apprentice 3 990 Unemployed 0 991 Retired 15 992 Disabled 0 993 Anything 2 995 Other 0 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 15 Q89 Employment Status 89. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? Is it full-time or part-time? And are you presently looking for a job (even if you are presently working)? 2428 0 9 0 No (not looking) 868 1 No (looking) 509 2 Yes, part time (not looking) 145 3 *Yes, part time (looking) 222 4 Yes, full time (not looking) 480 5 *Yes, full time (looking) 189 9 Don't know 15 Q90. Household Income 90. Before taxes, how much money do you (and your spouse together) earn per month? 2428 0 99 0 None 266 1 Less than 500 Naira 84 2 501-1,000 Naira 113 3 1001-2,000 Naira 119 4 2001-4,000 Naira 161 5 4001-6,000 Naira 180 6 6001-8,000 Naira 134 7 8001-10,000 Naira 189 8 10,001-20,000 Naira 266 9 20,001-50,000 Naira 145 10 Over 50,000 Naira 43 98 Refused 211 99 Don't know 517 Q90ext. Household Income 90. Before taxes, how much money do you (and your spouse together) earn per month? Ext 2428 0 99 0 None 266 1 Less than 500 Naira 84 2 501-1,000 Naira 113 3 1001-2,000 Naira 119 4 2001-4,000 Naira 161 5 4001-6,000 Naira 180 6 6001-8,000 Naira 134 7 8001-10,000 Naira 189 8 10,001-20,000 Naira 266 9 20,001-50,000 Naira 145 10 50,001 - 100,000 Naira 37 11 Over 100,000 Naira 6 98 Refused 211 99 Don't know 517 Q90new. Household Income 90. Before taxes, how much money do you (and your spouse together) earn per month? New 2428 0 999 0 None 266 260 Less than 500 Naira 84 261 501-1,000 Naira 113 262 1001-2,000 Naira 119 263 2001-4,000 Naira 161 264 4001-6,000 Naira 180 265 6001-8,000 Naira 134 266 8001-10,000 Naira 189 267 10,001-20,000 Naira 266 268 20,001-50,000 Naira 145 269 Over 50,000 Naira 43 998 Refused 211 999 Don't know 517 Q91 Government Salary in Household 91 Do you or your household rely on the income of anyone who works for the government? [If “No,” interviewer prompted 1:] Including anyone who works for local government as well as central government? [If still “No,” interviewer prompted 2:] Including anyone who works as a teacher in a public school? 2428 0 9 0 No 1500 1 Yes 889 9 Don't know 39 Q92 Household Financial Situation 92. How would you describe your household financial situation in the last year? Did you save money, spend all your income, spend some of your own savings, or borrow money to live on? 2428 0 9 0 Both spend savings AND borrow money 98 1 Borrow money to live on 92 2 Spend some savings 387 3 Spend all income (break even) 742 4 Save money 930 9 Don't know 179 Q93A Physical Health 2428 0 9 0 Never 917 1 Just once or twice 1017 2 Many times 433 3 Always 41 9 Don't Know 20 Q93B Mental Health 2428 0 9 0 Never 925 1 Just once or twice 724 2 Many times 682 3 Always 72 9 Don't Know 25 Q94 Died of AIDS 94. How many close friends or relatives do you know who have died of AIDS? 2428 0 999 0 0 458 1 1 103 2 2 71 3 3 38 4 4 14 5 5 15 6 6 4 7 7 4 8 8 5 9 9 1 10 10 6 11 11 0 12 12 2 13 13 1 14 14 0 15 15 0 16 16 0 17 17 0 18 18 0 19 19 0 20 20 1 998 Will not say/Refused 120 999 Don't know 1585 Q95 Perceived Survey Sponsor Q95 95. Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 2428 0 999 0 No one 2 1 Government (general) 1023 2 Government (Federal/central) 492 3 Government (State/regional/provincial) 125 4 Government (Local) 13 5 President/President's Office 107 6 State/Regional/Provincial governor 47 7 National/Federal Office of Statistics or Census Office 0 8 *National/Federal Ministry of Health 2 9 NGOs 22 10 Government Ministry/Agency (general) 10 12 International Organizations or Actors 8 13 **National/Federal Ministry of Information 0 20 Research Programme/Research Company (e.g. RMS) 115 21 Newspapers/media 6 22 Political parties/politicians 51 23 University/college/school 26 24 Private comapny 36 25 Public service company (including utility company) 1 26 National Planning Commision 0 27 White people/boers 1 28 ***National/Federal Ministry of Agriculture 0 29 Idasa 0 30 The courts 0 31 Religious organisation 0 32 Enemies/People who want to hurt us/take our property 0 33 Secret service/national intelligence service 0 50 Prime Minister 0 51 God 2 52 Important person 0 53 Electoral Commision/Electroral bodies 1 54 Ministry of Finance/Economic affairs 1 55 Employment office 0 56 Ministry of Education/Social Affairs 0 60 People from the capital city 0 61 Lawyers/Law society 0 62 Human Rights Organisation 6 63 Your boss 0 64 Tax department 0 65 Women/Women's organisation 0 66 Inspector General 0 67 Parliament/National assembly 5 68 Constitutional Commission 0 84 The people 1 85 People who want to help us 2 260 Nigeria Labour Congress 1 261 Massob/Biafra 2 262 Positive thinkers 1 995 Other 0 998 Refused to answer 0 999 Don't know 319 Time interview ended Time interview ended. 2428 Q96 Gender of Respondent 96. Respondent’s gender 2428 1 2 1 Female 1210 2 Male 1218 Q96NEW Race of Respondent 96NEW. Respondent’s race? 2428 1 1 1 Black/African 2428 2 White/European 0 3 Coloured/Mixed race 0 4 Arab/Lebanese/North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 0 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Japanese) 0 95 Other 0 Q97 Language of Interview 97. Which languages was the interview conducted in? 2428 1 995 1 English 1115 2 French 0 3 Portuguese 0 4 Kiswahili 0 260 Hausa 658 261 Yoruba 270 262 Igbo 134 263 Tiv 41 264 Ijaw 23 265 Kanuri 14 266 Nupe 2 267 Ibibio 25 268 Efik 8 269 Edo 11 270 Igala/Idoma 2 271 Urhobo 3 272 Ebira 4 273 Fulani 13 274 Isoko 0 275 Kalabari 0 276 Ikewere 0 277 Gwari 1 278 Sidawa 0 279 Pidgin English 81 380 Kalenjin 0 381 Kamba 0 382 Kikuyu 0 383 Kisii 0 384 Luhya 0 385 Luo 0 386 Maasai/Samburu 0 387 Mijikenda 0 388 Somali 0 389 Taita 0 390 Turkana 0 800 Berom 0 801 Chip 0 802 Jarawa 0 803 Mada 0 804 Ron 0 805 Gbagyi 0 806 Taba 1 807 Esan 1 808 Okun 0 809 Mgas 0 810 Ukwani 0 995 Other 21 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q98 Type of Shelter 98. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 2428 1 7 1 Non-traditional/Formal House/Duplex 722 2 Traditional House/Hut 713 3 Temporary structure/Shack 71 4 Flat in block of flats 328 5 Single Room in larger dwelling structure or backyard 586 6 Room in hotel, residential hotel 4 7 Hostel in Industrial or Farming Compound 4 160 Tent 0 995 Other 0 Q99 Others Present 99. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 2428 1 5 1 No one 1388 2 Spouse 119 3 Children Only 354 4 A few others 516 5 Small crowd 51 Q100 Check With Others 100. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 2428 0 0 No 2428 1 Yes 0 Q101 Influence By Others 101. Do you think that anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 2428 0 0 No 2428 1 Yes 0 Q102 Difficulty Answering 102. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 2428 0 4 0 None 1459 1 Few 576 2 Some 277 3 Most 96 4 All 20 Q103A Respondent Friendly 2428 1 3 1 Friendly 2240 2 In between 177 3 Hostile 11 Q103B Respondent Interested 2428 1 3 1 Interested 2178 2 In between 236 3 Bored 14 Q103C Respondent Cooperative 2428 1 3 1 Cooperative 2181 2 In between 239 3 Uncooperative 8 Q103D Respondent Patient 2428 1 3 1 Patient 2053 2 In between 340 3 Impatient 35 Q103E Respondent At Ease 2428 1 3 1 At ease 2015 2 In between 359 3 Suspicious 54 Q103F Respondent Honest 2428 1 3 1 Honest 2186 2 In between 230 3 Misleading 12 Q104A Neighbors Interested 104A. Did your presence in the area arouse interest from neighbors? 2428 0 1 0 No 1218 1 Yes 1210 Q104B Neighbors Suspicious 104B. Did your presence in the area arouse suspicion from neighbors? 2428 0 1 0 No 1970 1 Yes 458 Q104C Neighbors Afraid 104C. Did your presence in the area arouse fear from neighbors? 2428 0 1 0 No 2184 1 Yes 244 Q104D Approached by Community or Party 104D. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 2428 0 1 0 No 2302 1 Yes 126 Q104E Interviewer feel Threatened 104E. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 2428 0 1 0 No 2375 1 Yes 53 Q104F Interviewer Physically Threatened 104F. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 2428 0 1 0 No 2404 1 Yes 24 Q107 Interviewer's Age 107. Interviewer’s age 2428 19 38 19 98 20 265 21 178 22 208 23 284 24 235 25 462 26 234 27 173 28 87 29 91 30 37 31 36 33 9 38 31 Q108 Interviewer's Gender 108. Interviewer’s gender 2428 1 2 1 Female 1433 2 Male 995 Q109 Interviewer Urban or Rural 109. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 2428 1 2 1 Rural 368 2 Urban 2060 Q110 Interviewer's Home Language 110. Interviewer’s home language 2428 260 995 1 English 0 2 French 0 3 Portuguese 0 4 Kiswahili 0 260 Hausa 110 261 Yoruba 579 262 Igbo 433 263 Tiv 90 264 Ijaw 25 265 Kanuri 0 266 Nupe 10 267 Ibibio 63 268 Efik 11 269 Edo 107 270 Igala/Idoma 154 271 Urhobo 80 272 Ebira 42 273 Fulani 30 274 Isoko 0 275 Kalabari 73 276 Ikewere 35 277 Gwari 0 278 Sidawa 0 279 Pidgin English 0 380 Kalenjin 0 381 Kamba 0 382 Kikuyu 0 383 Kisii 0 384 Luhya 0 385 Luo 0 386 Maasai/Samburu 0 387 Mijikenda 0 388 Somali 0 389 Taita 0 390 Turkana 0 800 Berom 24 801 Chip 12 802 Jarawa 12 803 Mada 22 804 Ron 12 805 Gbagyi 10 806 Taba 10 807 Esan 0 808 Okun 4 809 Mgas 4 810 Ukwani 0 995 Other 476 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q111 Interviewer's Education 111. Interviewer’s highest level of education. 2428 5 9 0 No formal schooling 0 1 Informal schooling (including Koranic) only 0 2 Some primary schooling 0 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary/high school 0 5 High school completed 830 6 Post secondary qualifications (not university) 876 7 Some university 557 8 University completed 140 9 Post graduate 25 Q112A Post-office in the PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1797 1 Yes 548 9 Can't determine 83 Q112B School in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 224 1 Yes 2171 9 Can't determine 33 Q112C Police Station in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1252 1 Yes 1092 9 Can't determine 84 Q112D Bus or Taxi service in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 869 1 Yes 1549 9 Can't determine 10 Q112E Electricity Grid in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 759 1 Yes 1668 9 Can't determine 1 Q112F Piped Water System in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1221 1 Yes 1193 9 Can't determine 14 Q112G Sewage System in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1516 1 Yes 749 9 Can't determine 163 Q112H Railway Station in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 2218 1 Yes 133 9 Can't determine 77 Q112I Health Clinic in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 691 1 Yes 1649 9 Can't determine 88 Q112J Recreational facilities in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1108 1 Yes 1133 9 Can't determine 187 Q112K Paces of Worship in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 162 1 Yes 2247 9 Can't determine 19 Q112L Community Building 2428 0 9 0 No 1032 1 Yes 1202 9 Can't determine 194 Q112M Petrol Station in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1424 1 Yes 941 9 Can't determine 63 Q112N Bottle store/bar/beer parlour 2428 0 9 0 No 980 1 Yes 1385 9 Can't determine 63 Q112O Supermarket in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1262 1 Yes 1092 9 Can't determine 74 Q112P Cafes/Eating Places/Corner Shops in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 806 1 Yes 1578 9 Can't determine 44 Q112Q Market Stalls in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 837 1 Yes 1535 9 Can't determine 56 Q113A Police in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1332 1 Yes 1092 9 Can't determine 4 Q113B Soldiers/Army in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 2256 1 Yes 145 9 Can't determine 27 Q113C Crops/Vegetables in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1342 1 Yes 1047 9 Can't determine 39 Q113D Livestock in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1194 1 Yes 1203 9 Can't determine 31 Q113E Trees in The PSU/EA 2428 0 9 0 No 1546 1 Yes 841 9 Can't determine 41 Q114A Destination Sign Posted 2428 0 1 0 No 1111 1 Yes 1317 Q114B Stop/Give Way Signs 2428 0 1 0 No 1470 1 Yes 958 Q114C Traffic Lights/Wardens 2428 0 1 0 No 1877 1 Yes 551 Q114D Traffic Lights Working 2428 -1 7 -1 Missing data 47 0 No 156 1 Yes 348 7 NA 1877 Q114e Water-Filled River 2428 0 1 0 No 1663 1 Yes 765 Q114F Water-Filled Dam or Lake 2428 0 1 0 No 2210 1 Yes 218 Q115A Graded Sand/Dirt Roads 2428 1 4 1 0 kms 1534 2 696 3 5 - 10 kms 116 4 All 82 Q115B Ungraded Dirt Roads 2428 1 4 1 0 kms 1276 2 807 3 5 - 10 kms 173 4 All 172 Q115C Off Road 2428 1 4 1 0 kms 1098 2 916 3 5 - 10 kms 233 4 All 181 Q115D Tarred or Concrete Road 2428 1 4 1 0 kms 436 2 341 3 5 - 10 kms 888 4 All 763 Sequential serial number 2428 1 2428 Region weight (to correct for SS oversample) 2428 0.68459 1.09916 0.68459 532 1.07803 500 1.07911 225 1.09028 314 1.09384 293 1.09622 268 1.09916 296