NAM_1999_AFB-R1_v01_M DDI_NAM_1999_AFB-R1_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-09-25 Metadata Editor Version 01 (September 2020) NAM_1999_AFB-R1_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 1999 Round 1 AFB-R1 1999 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The initial (Round 1) survey covered 7 countries. Namibia National coverage Individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Institute for Public Policy Research, Namibia Face-to-face [f2f] In Rounds 1 through 3, the Afrobarometer did only minimal weighting of data to correct for over- or under-samples of certain populations, usually based on region or urban-rural location. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. nam_r1_data.sav 1183 303 .sav Afrobarometer round 1 survey data. Case Number 1183 1 1208 1 Satisfaction with Economic conditions 1. At the moment, are you dissatisfied, neither dissatisfied nor satisfied, or satisfied with economic conditions in Namibia? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Very dissatisfied 83 2 Dissatisfied 270 3 Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 190 4 Satisfied 404 5 Very satisfied 77 6 Don't know 111 99 Missing Data 48 2 Evaluations of Economic conditions 2. How do economic conditions in Namibia compare to one year ago? Are they: 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 46 2 Worse 182 3 About the same 299 4 Better 387 5 Much better 83 6 Don't Know 133 99 Missing Data 53 3 Economic expectations 3. What about in twelve months time? Do you expect economic conditions in Namibia to be worse, the same, or better than they are now? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 38 2 Worse 149 3 About the same 216 4 Better 370 5 Much better 154 6 Don't know 204 99 Missing Data 52 4 Evaluations of personal economic conditions 4. Now let us speak about your personal economic conditions. Would you say they are worse, the same, or better than other Namibians? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 124 2 Worse 315 3 About the same 242 4 Better 355 5 Much better 58 6 Don't know 37 99 Missing Data 52 5 How often have you gone without food 5. In the last twelve months, how often have you or your family had to do without enough food to eat? Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Often 128 2 Sometimes 502 3 Rarely 153 4 Never 335 5 Don't know 16 99 Missing Data 49 6a Current methods of obtaining food 6A. Describe how you currently obtain the food you and your family eat each month? Prior to question 5, the enumerator read the following passage to the respondent: “People get their basic necessities of life such as food, safety, health care, or income in a variety of ways. For instance, some people have to: steal or beg for it, pretend they’re eligible for government assistance, or do a favour for, or bribe a government official. Other people get these things from: local traditional leaders, government relief programmes, local cooperative groups, or friends or family. Still other people provide for it themselves, or pay for it in cash or in kind. Finally some people are not able to get these things at all.” Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 650 2 Own crops/livestock 369 3 Local community/cooperative group 16 5 Govt food programme 12 6 Traditional leader 1 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 2 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 1 10 Steal it 2 11 Ask anyone I can 10 12 Nothing I can do 1 13 Other 61 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 1 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 0 39 Find food somewhere 1 40 Trade/barter/exchange 0 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 0 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 3 96 No further response 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 53 6b Current methods of obtaining food 6B. Describe how you currently obtain the food you and your family eat each month? Prior to question 5, the enumerator read the following passage to the respondent: “People get their basic necessities of life such as food, safety, health care, or income in a variety of ways. For instance, some people have to: steal or beg for it, pretend they’re eligible for government assistance, or do a favour for, or bribe a government official. Other people get these things from: local traditional leaders, government relief programmes, local cooperative groups, or friends or family. Still other people provide for it themselves, or pay for it in cash or in kind. Finally some people are not able to get these things at all.” Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 2 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 0 2 Own crops/livestock 115 3 Local community/cooperative group 13 5 Govt food programme 10 6 Traditional leader 2 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 1 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 0 10 Steal it 1 11 Ask anyone I can 13 12 Nothing I can do 15 13 Other 55 24 Pretend to be eligible for govt assistance 0 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 0 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 0 39 Find food somewhere 2 40 Trade/barter/exchange 0 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 1 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 1 96 No further response 901 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 53 6c Current methods of obtaining food 6C. Describe how you currently obtain the food you and your family eat each month? Prior to question 5, the enumerator read the following passage to the respondent: “People get their basic necessities of life such as food, safety, health care, or income in a variety of ways. For instance, some people have to: steal or beg for it, pretend they’re eligible for government assistance, or do a favour for, or bribe a government official. Other people get these things from: local traditional leaders, government relief programmes, local cooperative groups, or friends or family. Still other people provide for it themselves, or pay for it in cash or in kind. Finally some people are not able to get these things at all.” Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 3 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 0 2 Own crops/livestock 0 3 Local community/cooperative group 4 5 Govt food programme 8 6 Traditional leader 2 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 2 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 0 10 Steal it 1 11 Ask anyone I can 11 12 Nothing I can do 1 13 Other 8 24 Pretend to be eligible for govt assistance 0 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 0 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 0 39 Find food somewhere 0 40 Trade/barter/exchange 1 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 0 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 2 96 No further response 1090 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 53 7a Alternative methods of obtaining food 7A. If you could no longer obtain food in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 146 2 Own crops/livestock 143 3 Local community/cooperative group 44 5 Govt food programme 49 6 Traditional leader 5 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 24 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 2 10 Steal it 6 11 Ask anyone I can 158 12 Nothing I can do 212 13 Other 322 24 Pretend to be eligible for govt assistance 0 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 0 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 1 39 Find food somewhere 1 40 Trade/barter/exchange 2 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 0 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 2 96 No further response 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 66 7b Alternative methods of obtaining food 7B. If you could no longer obtain food in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 2 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 0 2 Own crops/livestock 2 3 Local community/cooperative group 9 5 Govt food programme 11 6 Traditional leader 6 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 8 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 4 10 Steal it 0 11 Ask anyone I can 39 12 Nothing I can do 13 13 Other 16 24 Pretend to be eligible for govt assistance 0 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 0 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 1 39 Find food somewhere 0 40 Trade/barter/exchange 0 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 0 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 1 96 No further response 1007 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 66 7c Alternative methods of obtaining food 7C. If you could no longer obtain food in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay for it (cash/kind) 1 2 Own crops/livestock 0 3 Local community/cooperative group 1 5 Govt food programme 1 6 Traditional leader 3 7 Know someone who helps me get govt assistance 3 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 2 10 Steal it 2 11 Ask anyone I can 9 12 Nothing I can do 3 13 Other 2 24 Pretend to be eligible for govt assistance 0 27 Beg for it 0 28 0 29 Sit at home 0 30 Breadwinner does not work 0 31 Boyfriend provides 0 32 Parents provide 0 33 From hand to mouth 0 34 African Evangelist Church 0 35 Social workers 0 36 It will never happen 0 37 Get credit 0 38 Buy on account 0 39 Find food somewhere 0 40 Trade/barter/exchange 0 41 Gold panning 0 42 Fishing 0 43 Building 0 44 Cross-border training 0 45 Commercial sex 0 46 Beer brewing 0 47 Business (small-scale) 0 48 Business (medium to large) 0 49 Selling livestock/cattle 0 50 Sell my belongings 0 51 Provided by employer 0 52 Casual work 0 53 Hunting bush animals 0 54 Borrow foodstuff 0 55 Looking for employment 0 56 Buying maize husks 0 57 Complain to govt officials 0 58 Govt will distribute free food 0 59 Praying to God 0 61 Local community/Co-operative 0 63 Ineligible for govt assistance 2 96 No further response 1088 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 66 8 How often have you felt unsafe from crime 8. the last twelve months, how often have you or your family felt unsafe from crime in your home? Was it: 1183 1 99 1 Often 132 2 Sometimes 349 3 Rarely 87 4 Never 548 5 Don't know 8 99 Missing Data 59 9a Current method of ensuring safety of home 9A. Describe the things you currently rely on for the safety of your home? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 85 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 754 3 Rely on community group 68 4 Rely on friends/family 75 5 Rely on police 90 6 Rely on traditional leader 5 7 Rely on people I know in the police 9 8 Bribe police 2 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 1 10 Steal things to make home safe 2 11 Ask anyone to help me 10 12 Nothing 13 15 Go to chief 0 16 Go to headman 0 17 Use traditional medicine 0 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 26 Don't know 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 0 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 53 Close Windows 6 54 Dogs will protect home 0 96 No further answer 0 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing Data 63 9b Current method of ensuring safety of home 9B. Describe the things you currently rely on for the safety of your home? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 2 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 0 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 28 3 Rely on community group 57 4 Rely on friends/family 60 5 Rely on police 16 6 Rely on traditional leader 2 7 Rely on people I know in the police 3 8 Bribe police 1 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 4 10 Steal things to make home safe 1 11 Ask anyone to help me 5 12 Nothing 5 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 26 Don't know 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 0 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 53 Close Windows 2 54 Dogs will protect home 1 96 No further answer 937 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing data 61 9c Current method of ensuring safety of home 9C. Describe the things you currently rely on for the safety of your home? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 3 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 0 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 0 3 Rely on community group 4 4 Rely on friends/family 22 5 Rely on police 9 6 Rely on traditional leader 5 7 Rely on people I know in the police 4 8 Bribe police 1 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 2 10 Steal things to make home safe 0 11 Ask anyone to help me 9 12 Nothing 1 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 26 Don't know 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 1 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 53 Close windows 0 54 Dogs will protect home 2 96 No further answer 1060 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing data 63 10a Alternate methods of ensuring safety of home 10A. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 35 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 90 3 Rely on community group 146 4 Rely on friends/family 269 5 Rely on police 94 6 Rely on traditional leader 16 7 Rely on people I know in the police 14 8 Bribe police 9 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 10 10 Steal things to make home safe 7 11 Ask anyone to help me 90 12 Nothing 221 13 Don't know 84 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 1 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 53 Close windows 16 54 Dogs will protect home 4 55 Alarm/security system 2 96 No further answer 0 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing Data 75 10b Alternate methods of ensuring safety of home 10B. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 3 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 0 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 0 3 Rely on community group 4 4 Rely on friends/family 14 5 Rely on police 13 6 Rely on traditional leader 12 7 Rely on people I know in the police 8 8 Bribe police 3 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 0 10 Steal things to make home safe 1 11 Ask anyone to help me 14 12 Nothing 12 13 Don't know 3 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 0 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 53 Close windows 1 54 Dogs will protect home 0 96 No further answer 1023 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing data 75 10c Alternate methods of ensuring safety of home 10C. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 4 99 1 Pay someone to watch house 0 2 Watch it myself/guard it myself 0 3 Rely on community group 0 4 Rely on friends/family 2 5 Rely on police 6 6 Rely on traditional leader 0 7 Rely on people I know in the police 3 8 Bribe police 3 9 Pretend to pay to watch house 4 10 Steal things to make home safe 2 11 Ask anyone to help me 9 12 Nothing 3 13 Don't know 0 23 Nothing I can do 0 24 Go to council 0 25 Look for more secure place 0 27 Do not use anything 0 28 Rely on God/Allah 0 29 Protection from soldiers/army 0 30 Burglar bars 0 31 Get a gun 0 32 0 33 Being alert while sleeping 0 34 Blow whistle for help 0 35 Security company 0 36 Self-defence 0 37 Rely on black medicine/sorcery 0 38 Close door with poles 0 39 Not revealing household schedules 0 40 Keeping weapons (eg knife,panga,baton,spears,clubs,etc) 0 41 Securing the windows 0 42 Somebody always at home 0 43 Noisy alarm apparatus behind door 0 44 Do not allow strangers in 0 45 Security lights 0 46 Do not switch off lights 0 47 Not fraternising with people 0 48 Store valuables at friends 0 49 Put thorns/glass around house 0 50 Electric fence 0 52 No other methods 0 54 Dogs will protect home 0 96 No further answer 1076 97 N/A 0 98 refused 0 99 Missing data 75 11 How often have you had to go without medicine 11. In the last twelve months, how often have you or your family had to do without medicine or medical treatment that you needed? Was it: 1183 1 99 1 Often 169 2 Sometimes 513 3 Rarely 141 4 Never 300 5 Dont know 3 6 No electricity 0 99 Missing Data 57 12a Current methods of obtaining health care 12A. Describe the things you currently do to obtain health care for yourself or your family? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay for it 615 2 Treat myself/ourselves 66 3 Get treatment from coop/community 98 4 33 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 285 6 Traditional healer 5 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 8 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 5 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 3 10 Steal medical goods 2 11 Ask anyone to help 8 12 Nothing I can do 5 13 Don't know what to do 0 99 Missing Data 50 12b Current methods of obtaining health care 12B. Describe the things you currently do to obtain health care for yourself or your family? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 2 99 1 Pay for it 0 2 Treat myself/ourselves 104 3 Get treatment from coop/community 22 4 26 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 59 6 Traditional healer 13 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 6 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 0 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 1 10 Steal medical goods 1 11 Ask anyone to help 19 12 Nothing I can do 12 13 Don't know what to do 0 96 No further answer 870 99 Missing data 50 12c Current methods of obtaining health care 12C. Describe the things you currently do to obtain health care for yourself or your family? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 3 99 1 Pay for it 0 2 Treat myself/ourselves 0 3 Get treatment from coop/community 5 4 9 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 26 6 Traditional healer 10 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 3 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 2 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 2 10 Steal medical goods 1 11 Ask anyone to help 8 12 Nothing I can do 2 13 Don't know what to do 0 96 No further answer 1065 99 Missing data 50 13a Alt. methods of obtaining health care 13A. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 Pay for it 81 2 Treat myself/ourselves 129 3 Get treatment from coop/community 86 4 182 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 154 6 Traditional healer 101 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 23 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 15 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 5 10 Steal medical goods 4 11 Ask anyone to help 116 12 Nothing I can do 192 13 Don't know what to do 30 99 Missing Data 65 13b Alt. methods of obtaining health care 13B. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 2 99 1 Pay for it 0 2 Treat myself/ourselves 4 3 Get treatment from coop/community 4 4 11 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 14 6 Traditional healer 16 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 2 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 7 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 2 10 Steal medical goods 2 11 Ask anyone to help 24 12 Nothing I can do 31 13 Don't know what to do 3 96 No further answer 998 99 Missing data 65 13c Alt. methods of obtaining health care 13C. If you could no longer get health care in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 3 99 1 Pay for it 0 2 Treat myself/ourselves 0 3 Get treatment from coop/community 2 4 2 5 Govt clinics/hospitals 3 6 Traditional healer 5 7 Know govt person whocan get govt care 2 8 Favour/bribe officials to get govt healthcare 2 9 Pretend to be eligible for govt healthcare 2 10 Steal medical goods 1 11 Ask anyone to help 10 12 Nothing I can do 3 13 Don't know what to do 0 96 No further answer 1086 99 Missing data 65 14 Is there a school close by 14. Is there a school close by where you could afford to send your children? 1183 1 99 1 Yes 926 2 No 244 3 Don't know 3 99 Missing data 10 15 Do you have an electricity hook-up 15. Do you have an electricity hook-up into this household? 1183 1 99 1 Yes 390 2 No 762 3 Don't know 1 99 Missing data 30 16 Do you have water piped to household 16. Do you have an electricity hook-up into this household? 1183 1 99 1 Yes 461 2 No 689 3 Don't know 3 99 Missing data 30 17a How often family go without: drink/cook water 1183 1 99 1 Often 225 2 Sometimes 333 3 Rarely 89 4 Never 530 5 Don't know 2 6 No electricity 0 99 Missing Data 4 17b How often family go without: shelter 1183 1 99 1 Often 92 2 Sometimes 71 3 Rarely 100 4 Never 905 5 Don't know 4 6 No electricity 0 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 11 17c How often family go without: Electricity 1183 1 6 1 Often 533 2 Sometimes 82 3 Rarely 39 4 Never 504 5 Don't know 11 6 No electricity 14 96 No further answer 0 17d How often family go without: Heating/cooking fuel 1183 1 99 1 Often 270 2 Sometimes 215 3 Rarely 151 4 Never 524 5 Don't know 11 6 No electricity 0 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 12 18a How often: physical health leads to reduced work 1183 1 99 1 Often 101 2 Sometimes 441 3 Rarely 191 4 Never 428 5 Don't know 12 6 No electricity 0 99 Missing Data 10 18b How often: worried/anxious 1183 1 99 1 Often 93 2 Sometimes 426 3 Rarely 205 4 Never 435 5 Don't know 10 6 No electricity 0 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 14 19a How often attended: church group 1183 1 99 1 Never 445 2 Once or twice 228 3 A few times 287 4 Often 218 5 Don't know 2 99 Missing data 3 19b How often attended: coop/self-help ass. 1183 1 99 1 Never 717 2 Once or twice 164 3 A few times 206 4 Often 72 5 Don't know 13 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 11 19c How often attended: school/housing/rates groups 1183 1 99 1 Never 395 2 Once or twice 252 3 A few times 264 4 Often 250 5 Don't know 7 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 15 19d How often attended: commercial organisation 1183 1 99 1 Never 830 2 Once or twice 117 3 A few times 129 4 Often 70 5 Don't know 16 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 21 19e How often attended: group that does things for community 1183 1 99 1 Never 574 2 Once or twice 243 3 A few times 196 4 Often 152 5 Don't know 8 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 10 19f How often attended: a trade union 1183 1 99 1 Never 968 2 Once or twice 64 3 A few times 46 4 Often 41 5 Don't know 42 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 22 20 People Vs Govt Responsible for well-being 20. A. People should be responsible for their own success and well-being. B. Government should bear the main responsibility for ensuring the success and well-being of people. The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B?.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Well-being = own responsibility : Agree strongly 359 2 Well-being = own responsibility : Agree somewhat 285 3 Well-being = govt responsibility :Agree somewhat 121 4 Well-being = govt responsibility : Agree strongly 346 5 Don't know 57 6 Do not agree with either 12 99 Missing data 3 21 People should be free to earn Vs Govt limit income The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B?.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 People should be free to earn: Agree strongly 411 2 People should be free to earn: Agree somewhat 353 3 Govt should limit income: Agree somewhat 99 4 Govt should limit income: Agree strongly 183 5 Don't know 75 6 Do not agree with either 51 99 Missing Data 11 22 Job creation: Start businesses Vs Govt Employment The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B?.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Encourage businesses : Agree strongly 514 2 Encourage businesses : Agree somewhat 232 3 Govt employment : Agree somewhat 107 4 Govt employment : Agree strongly 262 5 Dont know 43 6 Agree with neither 15 99 Missing data 10 23 Risky starting new business VS good idea to start business The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B?.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Too risky to start businesses- : Agree strongly 146 2 Too risky to start businesses- : Agree somewhat 265 3 Invest to make business succeed: Agree somewhat 168 4 Invest to make business succeed: Agree strongly 444 5 Don't know 105 6 Do not agree with either 43 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 24a Responsibility for providing schools 1183 1 99 1 Govt 849 2 Private business 5 3 Individuals 8 4 136 5 46 6 6 7 All three 122 8 Don't know 6 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 24b Responsibility for creating jobs 1183 1 99 1 Govt 482 2 Private business 26 3 Individuals 19 4 288 5 71 6 9 7 All three 272 8 Don't know 10 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 6 24c Resonsibility for building houses 1183 1 99 1 Govt 474 2 Private business 47 3 Individuals 86 4 151 5 153 6 19 7 All three 228 8 Don't know 11 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 14 24d Responsibility for reducing crime 1183 1 99 1 Govt 492 2 Private business 5 3 Individuals 68 4 49 5 180 6 6 7 All three 343 8 Don't know 7 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 33 24e Responsibility for buying/selling diamonds 1183 1 99 1 Govt 513 2 Private business 102 3 Individuals 51 4 196 5 41 6 37 7 All three 132 8 Don't know 95 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 24f Responsibility for helping farmers borrow money 1183 1 99 1 Govt 603 2 Private business 46 3 Individuals 30 4 222 5 70 6 20 7 All three 139 8 Don't know 31 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 22 25 Variety of market goods at high prices VS little variety at low prices The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several more pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Better to have variety : Agree strongly 227 2 Better to have variety : Agree somewhat 295 3 Better to have low prices: Agree somewhat 155 4 Better to have low prices: Agree strongly 247 5 Don't know 75 6 Do not agree with either 175 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 26 Free medicine with unraised stds VS medical fees but raised stds The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several more pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Free medicine better : Agree strongly 216 2 Free medicine better : Agree somewhat 303 3 Improved health better: Agree somewhat 128 4 Improved health better: Agree strongly 456 5 Don't know 34 6 Do not agree with either 44 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 27 Numbers govt workers should not be reduced VS reduced numbers The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several more pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Keep govt employees : Agree strongly 500 2 Keep govt employees : Agree somewhat 269 3 Retrench govt employees: Agree somewhat 92 4 Retrench govt employees: Agree strongly 147 5 Don't know 84 6 Do not agree with either 87 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 4 28 Govt should retain factories Vs selling it to private companies The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Here are several more pairs of statements. Please tell me whether you most agree with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Govt should retain factories : Agree strongly 423 2 Govt should retain factories : Agree somewhat 255 3 Govt should sell factories : Agree somewhat 140 4 Govt should sell factories : Agree strongly 231 5 Don't know 84 6 Do not agree with either 39 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 11 29a What does democracy mean 29A. What, if anything, do you understand by the word “democracy”? What comes to your mind when you hear the word? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 999 1 Don't know 318 2 When country is run by the people 33 3 To be independent 49 4 The right to everything 31 5 Freedom in everything except crime 21 6 Freedom of speech 188 7 Equal rights 64 8 Different groups must have different rights 0 9 To own property/land 5 10 Freedom of movement 71 11 Freedom in general 137 12 Free education 24 13 Reduce crime 2 14 Free medical treatment 3 15 Be able to criticise govt 4 16 Peace 33 17 Justice 3 18 No war 0 19 Human rights 13 20 Unity 17 21 Never heard of such a word 0 22 Right to vote 40 23 Improve living conditions 7 24 Development 5 25 Right to join any political party 14 26 Police protection 0 27 To advise each other when ruling 0 28 To have rules formulated by people 0 29 Ruling without discrimination 0 30 Many political parties 0 31 Majority rule 0 32 Good leadership 0 33 Freedom of expression 0 34 To rule satisfactorily 0 35 To live in harmony 0 36 Having what people want 0 37 People help the ruler 0 38 Govt assist the people 0 39 Govt promotes development 0 40 Autocracy 0 41 Oppression of majority 0 42 Fair elections 0 43 Working together with govt 0 44 Nothing 0 45 Democracy is meaningless 0 46 Enough food 0 47 Self-rule 0 49 Taking authority to change things 0 50 Can't explain it properly 0 51 Govt of people,by people,for people 0 52 No civil war 0 53 Good standard of living 0 54 Power-sharing 0 55 No discrimination 0 56 Providing services 0 57 Govt being fair to people 0 58 Elected govt 0 59 Accountable govt 0 60 Good governance 0 61 No dictatorship 0 62 Stability 0 63 Too afraid to give opinion 4 64 Freedom religion/worship 2 65 Employment 2 66 Having one constitution for country 2 67 Colonialism 3 68 Respecting other people's freedom 0 69 Does not matter 0 70 Doing things without fear/intimidation 0 71 Responsive govt 0 72 No coercion 0 73 Freedom of the press 0 74 Freedom of association 0 75 Health care for all 0 76 Freedom of dress 0 77 Freedom of choice 0 78 Change of things from bad to good 0 79 Freedom of birthright 0 80 Doing things that benefit the nation 0 81 Competition between political parties 0 82 Change of ruling parties 0 83 Having opposition parties 0 84 Freedom to conduct business 0 85 Gender equality 0 86 Lowering prices 0 87 Politics/anything to do with politics 0 88 Foreign idea 0 89 Everyone being happy 0 90 Living freely 0 91 Living without problems 0 92 Govt helping poor 0 93 Consultation 0 94 Smooth-running of country 0 95 Control over one's life 0 97 Having basic necessities 0 98 Refused 0 100 No restrictions 0 101 Responsible conduct of citizens 0 102 Food distribution 0 103 0 104 Do not know the meaning 0 105 Helping each other 0 106 Independence 0 107 Govt represents all people 0 108 Change of President 0 109 New govt 0 110 Govt of unity 0 111 Change of govt 0 112 Change of laws 0 113 Govt protecting people 0 114 No more taxes 0 115 Everyone being able to make money 0 116 0 117 Rebellious people 0 118 Elections 0 119 Participation in govt 0 120 Elected representation 0 121 Removal of old govt 0 122 Coming of UDF 0 123 Youth help govt 0 124 Govt giving id cards 0 125 Freedom of expression may suppress 1 996 No further answer 0 999 Missing data 87 29b What does democracy mean 29B. What, if anything, do you understand by the word “democracy”? What comes to your mind when you hear the word? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 999 1 Don't know 3 2 When country is run by the people 3 3 To be independent 6 4 The right to everything 18 5 Freedom in everything except crime 14 6 Freedom of speech 94 7 Equal rights 23 8 Different groups must have different rights 1 9 To own property/land 1 10 Freedom of movement 55 11 Freedom in general 31 12 Free education 14 13 Reduce crime 1 14 Free medical treatment 1 15 Be able to criticise govt 1 16 Peace 9 17 Justice 6 18 No war 0 19 Human rights 4 20 Unity 8 21 Never heard of such a word 0 22 Right to vote 29 23 Improve living conditions 4 24 Development 0 25 Right to join any political party 18 26 Police protection 1 27 To advise each other when ruling 0 28 To have rules formulated by people 0 29 Ruling without discrimination 0 30 Many political parties 0 31 Majority rule 0 32 Good leadership 0 33 Freedom of expression 0 34 To rule satisfactorily 0 35 To live in harmony 0 36 Having what people want 0 37 People help the ruler 0 38 Govt assist the people 0 39 Govt promotes development 0 40 Autocracy 0 41 Oppression of majority 0 42 Fair elections 0 43 Working together with govt 0 44 Nothing 0 45 Democracy is meaningless 0 46 Enough food 0 47 Self-rule 0 49 Taking authority to change things 0 50 Can't explain it properly 0 51 Govt of people,by people,for people 0 52 No civil war 0 53 Good standard of living 0 54 Power-sharing 0 55 No discrimination 0 56 Providing services 0 57 Govt being fair to people 0 58 Elected govt 0 59 Accountable govt 0 60 Good governance 0 61 No dictatorship 0 62 Stability 0 63 Too afraid to give opinion 0 64 Freedom religion/worship 2 65 Employment 0 66 Having one constitution for country 0 67 Colonialism 0 68 Respecting other people's freedom 0 69 Does not matter 0 70 Doing things without fear/intimidation 0 71 Responsive govt 0 72 No coercion 0 73 Freedom of the press 0 74 Freedom of association 0 75 Health care for all 0 76 Freedom of dress 0 77 Freedom of choice 0 78 Change of things from bad to good 0 79 Freedom of birthright 0 80 Doing things that benefit the nation 0 81 Competition between political parties 0 82 Change of ruling parties 0 83 Having opposition parties 0 84 Freedom to conduct business 0 85 Gender equality 0 86 Lowering prices 0 87 Politics/anything to do with politics 0 88 Foreign idea 0 89 Everyone being happy 0 90 Living freely 0 91 Living without problems 0 92 Govt helping poor 0 93 Consultation 0 94 Smooth-running of country 0 95 Control over one's life 0 97 Having basic necessities 0 98 Refused 0 100 No restrictions 0 101 Responsible conduct of citizens 0 102 Food distribution 0 103 0 104 Do not know the meaning 0 105 Helping each other 0 106 Independence 0 107 Govt represents all people 0 108 Change of President 0 109 New govt 0 110 Govt of unity 0 111 Change of govt 0 112 Change of laws 0 113 Govt protecting people 0 114 No more taxes 0 115 Everyone being able to make money 0 116 0 117 Rebellious people 0 118 Elections 0 119 Participation in govt 0 120 Elected representation 0 121 Removal of old govt 0 122 Coming of UDF 0 123 Youth help govt 0 124 Govt giving id cards 0 125 Freedom of expression may suppress 0 996 No further answer 758 999 Missing data 78 29c What does democracy mean 29C. What, if anything, do you understand by the word “democracy”? What comes to your mind when you hear the word? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 999 1 Don't know 2 2 When country is run by the people 1 3 To be independent 1 4 The right to everything 3 5 Freedom in everything except crime 6 6 Freedom of speech 18 7 Equal rights 7 8 Different groups must have different rights 2 9 To own property/land 0 10 Freedom of movement 20 11 Freedom in general 10 12 Free education 4 13 Reduce crime 0 14 Free medical treatment 1 15 Be able to criticise govt 2 16 Peace 4 17 Justice 1 18 No war 0 19 Human rights 1 20 Unity 4 21 Never heard of such a word 0 22 Right to vote 4 23 Improve living conditions 6 24 Development 0 25 Right to join any political party 11 26 Police protection 1 27 To advise each other when ruling 0 28 To have rules formulated by people 0 29 Ruling without discrimination 0 30 Many political parties 0 31 Majority rule 0 32 Good leadership 0 33 Freedom of expression 0 34 To rule satisfactorily 0 35 To live in harmony 0 36 Having what people want 0 37 People help the ruler 0 38 Govt assist the people 0 39 Govt promotes development 0 40 Autocracy 0 41 Oppression of majority 0 42 Fair elections 0 43 Working together with govt 0 44 Nothing 0 45 Democracy is meaningless 0 46 Enough food 0 47 Self-rule 0 49 Taking authority to change things 0 50 Can't explain it properly 0 51 Govt of people,by people,for people 0 52 No civil war 0 53 Good standard of living 0 54 Power-sharing 0 55 No discrimination 0 56 Providing services 0 57 Govt being fair to people 0 58 Elected govt 0 59 Accountable govt 0 60 Good governance 0 61 No dictatorship 0 62 Stability 0 63 Too afraid to give opinion 0 64 Freedom religion/worship 1 65 Employment 0 66 Having one constitution for country 0 67 Colonialism 0 68 Respecting other people's freedom 0 69 Does not matter 0 70 Doing things without fear/intimidation 0 71 Responsive govt 0 72 No coercion 0 73 Freedom of the press 0 74 Freedom of association 0 75 Health care for all 0 76 Freedom of dress 0 77 Freedom of choice 0 78 Change of things from bad to good 0 79 Freedom of birthright 0 80 Doing things that benefit the nation 0 81 Competition between political parties 0 82 Change of ruling parties 0 83 Having opposition parties 0 84 Freedom to conduct business 0 85 Gender equality 0 86 Lowering prices 0 87 Politics/anything to do with politics 0 88 Foreign idea 0 89 Everyone being happy 0 90 Living freely 0 91 Living without problems 0 92 Govt helping poor 0 93 Consultation 0 94 Smooth-running of country 0 95 Control over one's life 0 97 Having basic necessities 0 98 Refused 0 100 No restrictions 0 101 Responsible conduct of citizens 0 102 Food distribution 0 103 0 104 Do not know the meaning 0 105 Helping each other 0 106 Independence 0 107 Govt represents all people 0 108 Change of President 0 109 New govt 0 110 Govt of unity 0 111 Change of govt 0 112 Change of laws 0 113 Govt protecting people 0 114 No more taxes 0 115 Everyone being able to make money 0 116 0 117 Rebellious people 0 118 Elections 0 119 Participation in govt 0 120 Elected representation 0 121 Removal of old govt 0 122 Coming of UDF 0 123 Youth help govt 0 124 Govt giving id cards 0 125 Freedom of expression may suppress 0 996 No further answer 994 999 Missing data 79 30 Who is the Premier 30. First of all, can you tell me who presently holds the following positions: The Premier? The enumerator wrote down the names given by the respondent, if any, and the supervisor coded the responses as 3 (right) or 4 (wrong). Blank responses were later post coded as 1 (Don’t know). 1183 1 99 1 Don't know 249 2 Know answer but can't remember 45 3 Right answer 767 4 Wrong answer 17 5 Could not determnine 62 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 43 31 Who is the finance minister 31. First of all, can you tell me who presently holds the following positions: The Minister of Finance? The enumerator wrote down the names given by the respondent, if any, and the supervisor coded the responses as 3 (right) or 4 (wrong). Blank responses were later post coded as 1 (Don’t know). 1183 1 99 1 Don't know 447 2 Know answer but can't remember 123 3 Right answer 356 4 Wrong answer 40 5 Could not determnine 186 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 31 32 Who is your regional councillor 32. First of all, can you tell me who presently holds the following positions: Your regional councillor? The enumerator wrote down the names given by the respondent, if any, and the supervisor coded the responses as 3 (right) or 4 (wrong). Blank responses were later post coded as 1 (Don’t know). 1183 1 99 1 Don't know 485 2 Know answer but can't remember 208 3 Right answer 233 4 Wrong answer 59 5 Could not determnine 28 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 170 33 Who is your local councillor 33. First of all, can you tell me who presently holds the following positions: Your local councilor? The enumerator wrote down the names given by the respondent, if any, and the supervisor coded the responses as 3 (right) or 4 (wrong). Blank responses were later post coded as 1 (Don’t know). 1183 1 99 1 Don't know 387 2 Know answer but can't remember 188 3 Right answer 40 4 Wrong answer 4 5 Could not determnine 26 97 Not applicable 71 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 467 34 Have you recently contacted a govt official 34. In the past year, have you contacted an elected representative, government official, political party official, or gone to a government or council meeting in order to give them your views or help solve some important problem that affects the community? If Yes: Was it just once, twice, a few times, or frequently? Enumerators skip to question 36, if respondent answers 1 (no). 1183 1 99 1 No 807 2 Once or twice 207 3 A few times 116 4 Frequently 29 5 Don't know 11 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 13 35 What type of official was it 35. What type of official was it? Enumerator only asked the question if they indicate contact in question 34. Enumerator probed for most specific answer, and respondent could give more than one answer. If question 35 is skipped, enumerator post coded answer as 97 (No Contact). 1183 1 99 1 Local councilor 129 2 Regional/prov representative 29 3 MP 11 4 Council meeting/hearing 38 5 Regional/ prov meeting 5 6 Nat parliament meeting/hearing 2 7 Nat govt meeting 42 8 Local council official 49 9 Regional/ provincial official 5 10 Nat govt official/civil servant 14 11 Party official 25 12 1 14 4 17 2 18 3 46 2 48 1 97 No contact 812 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 36a Did you have to pay a govt official to get a job 1183 1 99 1 No 1128 2 Once or twice 16 3 A few times 13 4 Often 4 5 Don't know 18 99 Missing data 4 36b Did you have to pay a govt official to get maintenance payment/pension/loan 1183 1 99 1 No 1104 2 Once or twice 20 3 A few times 19 4 Often 13 5 Don't know 16 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 11 36c Did you pay a govt official to get electricity/water 1183 1 99 1 No 1074 2 Once or twice 28 3 A few times 20 4 Often 32 5 Don't know 14 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 15 36d Did you pay a govt official to get housing or land 1183 1 99 1 No 1057 2 Once or twice 42 3 A few times 22 4 Often 30 5 Don't know 18 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing data 14 37 Have you recently contacted any influential person other than govt official 37. In the past year, have you contacted any other non-governmental influential person such as a church leader, community leader, or traditional leader, or even attended a traditional council meeting, in order to give your view or help solve some important problem? If Yes: Was it just once or twice, a few times, or frequently? Enumerator skipped to question 39 if respondent answered 1 (no). 1183 1 99 1 No 702 2 Once or twice 250 3 A few times 169 4 Frequently 45 5 Don't know 9 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 38 What type of influential person was it 38. If respondent made contact, what type of person was this? Enumerator only asked this question if they indicated contact in question 37. Respondent was encourage to mention as many people as possible. If enumerator skipped question 38, the answer was later post coded as 97 (No contact). 1183 1 99 1 Church leader 127 2 Community leader 141 3 Trade union official 6 4 Traditional leader 144 5 Traditional council meeting 34 12 15 14 5 23 3 24 2 45 2 97 No contact 696 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 39 Do you have local traditional leader 39. I would like to speak about traditional leadership. Do you have a traditional leader, chief, or headman? If respondent answered 2 (no), enumerator skipped to question 43 1183 1 99 1 Yes 781 2 No 366 3 Dont know 0 99 Missing data 36 40 How interested is your local chief in your well-being If respondent answered 2 (no) to question 39, enumerator post coded question as 97 (not applicable). 1183 1 99 1 Not at all interested 23 2 Not very interested 105 3 Interested 307 4 Very interested 332 5 Have not heard enough to know 47 97 Not applicable 281 98 Refused 75 99 Missing Data 13 41 How much of the time can you trust your local chief to do what is right If respondent answered 2 (no) to question 39, enumerator post coded question as 97 (not applicable). 41. How much of the time can you trust your local chief to do what is right? Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Never 25 2 Sometimes 167 3 Most times 298 4 Always 289 5 Have not heard enough 36 97 Not applicable 280 98 Refused 75 99 Missing Data 13 42 How many chiefs/traditional leaders involved in corruption If respondent answered 2 (no) to question 39, enumerator post coded question as 97 (not applicable). 42. What about corruption, that is where leaders take money intended for the community and use it for themselves? How many chiefs or traditional leaders are involved in corruption? Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Almost all 25 2 Most/a lot 77 3 A few/some 193 4 Almost none 305 5 Have not heard enough 193 97 Not applicable 295 98 Refused 81 99 Missing Data 14 43a How often do you get news from radio 43. How often do you get news from the following sources: A. Radio? 1183 1 99 1 Every day 790 2 Few times a week 214 3 Few times a month 61 4 Less than once per month 26 5 Never 83 6 Dont know 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 43b How often do you get news from TV 43. How often do you get news from the following sources: B. Television? 1183 1 99 1 Every day 339 2 Few times a week 87 3 Few times a month 59 4 Less than once per month 75 5 Never 613 6 Don't know 2 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 43c How often do you get news from newspapers 43. How often do you get news from the following sources: C. Newspaper? 1183 1 99 1 Every day 228 2 Few times a week 172 3 Few times a month 117 4 Less than once per month 131 5 Never 523 6 Don't know 3 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 44 Can most people be trusted or should one always be careful 44. Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can’t be too careful in dealing with people? 1183 1 99 1 Most people can be trusted 373 2 Can't be too careful 689 3 Don't know 109 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 12 45 How often do you discuss political matters with friends 45. When you get together with your friends, would you say you discuss political matters….? 1183 1 99 1 Frequently 233 2 Occasionally 482 3 Never 437 4 Don't know 24 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 7 46 Do you follow govt and public affairs 46. Some people seem to follow what’s going on in government and public affairs most of the time, whether there’s an election going on or not. Others aren’t that interested. Would you say you follow what’s going on in government and public affairs:? 1183 1 99 1 Always, most of the time 211 2 Some of the time 572 3 166 4 Hardly 141 5 Don't know 77 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 16 47a You do not have sufficient info about political life and govt 1183 1 99 1 Strongly agree 131 2 Agree 468 3 Neither agree nor disagree 131 4 Disagree 293 5 Strongly disagree 110 6 Don't know 42 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 8 47b Sometimes political and govt affairs are too complicated to understand 1183 1 99 1 Strongly agree 129 2 Agree 511 3 Neither agree nor disagree 167 4 Disagree 216 5 Strongly disagree 91 6 Don't know 58 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 11 47c Be very careful what you say/do regarding politics 1183 1 99 1 Strongly agree 129 2 Agree 438 3 Neither agree nor disagree 168 4 Disagree 254 5 Strongly disagree 111 6 Don't know 72 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing Data 11 48 Way you vote won't make a difference Vs it makes a difference The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Please tell me whether you agree more with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Voting won't improve things : Agree strongly 208 2 Voting won't improve things : Agree somewhat 228 3 Voting will improve things : Agree somewhat 139 4 Voting will improve things : Agree strongly 511 5 Don't know 68 6 Do not agree with either 17 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 49 Who is in power makes a difference Vs it doesn't matter The enumerator introduced the pair of statements by saying, “Please tell me whether you agree more with Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Who is in power matters: Agree strongly 476 2 Who is in power imatters: Agree somewhat 265 3 Who is in power doesn't matter: Agree somewhat 97 4 Who is in power doesn't matter: Agree strongly 158 5 Dont know 122 6 Do not agree with either 56 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 50 Elections free and fair 50. On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national elections, held in 1996? Was it: 1183 1 99 1 581 2 333 3 91 4 39 5 Don't know 127 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 51a Most important problems govt should address 51A. What are the most important problems facing this country that the government should address? Which of these is most important? Place 1 next to most important problem. 1183 1 999 1 Apartheid 2 2 Abuse 0 3 Affirmative action 0 4 Affrirmative action ( too much ) 0 5 AIDS 65 6 Bursaries 0 7 Child Welfare 0 8 Child abuse 0 9 Crime 0 10 Corruption 7 11 Corruption in govt 0 12 Civil war 23 13 Death sentence should be returned 0 14 Death rate too high 0 15 Discrimination 14 16 Disputes between political parties 0 17 Diseases 0 18 Drought 22 19 Drought relief 9 20 Development 0 21 Development of rural areas 6 22 Drugs/alcohol 2 23 Democracy 0 24 Donor fund mismanagement 1 25 Don't know 26 26 Economy 0 27 Economic stabilisation 0 28 Education (equality) 0 29 Education (too expensive) 0 30 Education (poor quality) 0 31 Education (quality of schools) 0 32 Education (shortage of schools) 0 33 Educational facilities 0 34 Environment 0 35 Elections 0 36 Electricity 0 37 Electricity (need more) 0 38 Equality 0 39 Equal dev for all areas 0 40 Financial problems 0 41 Financial future 0 42 Funding indigenous business 0 43 Foreign investment 0 44 Food supply 25 45 Government 0 46 Govt responsibility 0 47 Govt spending 0 48 Govt unresponsive 0 49 Govt does not communicate 0 50 Housing 12 51 Housing (poor quality) 0 52 Housing ( shortage) 0 53 Health 27 54 Health (medical supplies) 10 55 Health services (too expensive) 0 56 Health services (poor quality) 0 57 Health services (shortage) 0 58 Health services in rural areas 10 59 Hawkers/street vendors 0 60 Intimidation 0 61 Infrastructure 0 62 Immigration 0 63 Investments 0 64 Job creation 75 65 Labour laws 0 66 Lack of unity among people 0 67 Lack of self-help projects 9 68 Lack of money for school fees 0 69 Murder 0 70 Nepotism 0 71 Nothing/No problems 0 72 Oppression 0 73 Poverty 38 74 Prices too high 0 75 Protection of property owners 0 76 Population explosion 0 77 Policing 0 78 Political tension 0 79 Political unrest 0 80 Pensions 0 81 Pensions need to be increased 17 82 Rape 2 83 Racism 0 84 Rights 0 85 Roads 0 86 Roads (poor quality) 0 87 Roads (need more) 0 88 Recreational facilities 0 89 RDP 0 90 Riots 0 91 Security 0 92 Squatting/squattors 0 93 Strikes 0 94 0 95 Services (lack of) 0 96 Services (poor quality) 0 97 Services (too expensive) 0 98 Starvation 0 99 Sewerage 0 100 Standard of living 6 101 Theft 0 102 Taxes 0 103 Taxes too high 0 104 Toilets/sanitation 0 105 Transport 2 106 Teenage pregnancies 1 107 Tribalism 0 108 Unemployment 319 109 Violence 4 110 Vandalism 0 111 Wages too high 0 112 Wages too low 0 113 Water (not enough) 0 114 Water (provide more) 0 115 Water (poor quality) 0 116 Welfare 0 117 Children should follow tradition 0 118 Crop failure 0 119 Devaluation of currency 0 120 Care of Elderly 0 121 0 122 Food prices should be low 0 123 Food shortage 0 124 Economic policy failure 0 125 Health clinics to be provided 0 126 Inflation high 0 127 Lack of loans 0 128 Too many leaders 0 129 Suffering 0 130 Transport prices too high 0 131 Wealth being lost rapidly 0 132 Voter education 0 133 Telecommunications 0 134 Street lights 0 135 Sports problems 0 136 Street children 0 137 Implementation of govt policies 0 138 Immigrants 0 139 Govt favours foreigners 0 140 Poor govt administration 0 141 Nuclear weapons 0 142 School drop-outs 0 143 Use of prisoners for labour 0 144 Reduce income disparity 0 145 Road accidents 0 146 Assist disabled 0 147 Assist orphans 0 148 137 149 Reduce school fees 15 150 Strengthen democracy 6 151 Home affairs 3 152 Farm workers benefits 6 153 Govt assistance 4 154 Leaders must take responsibility 7 155 Training of police officers 2 156 Homosexual issues 1 157 2 158 Protection against wild animals 0 159 Nature conservation 0 160 Better qualified teachers 1 161 Traditional leaders 0 162 Army training 0 163 Promiscuity 0 164 Fair land distribution 0 165 DRC war 0 166 5th brigade attocracies 0 167 Irresponsible members of parliament 0 168 Assistance for needy people 0 169 Poor woking conditions 0 170 0 171 Lack of co-operation between political parties 0 172 Cash payment to farmers for products 0 173 President favours home area 0 174 0 175 Fine those who default on loans 0 176 Govt should develop all regions 0 177 Govt should build a bank 0 178 Environmental degradation 0 179 Need for new govt 0 180 High school fees 0 181 Lack of maize in markets 0 182 Lack of justice in govt 0 183 Lack of land to cultivate 0 184 Lack of farming improvements 0 185 Trading centres too far 0 186 Headman not trustworthy 0 187 Lack of free hospitals 0 188 Lack of markets 0 189 Rigging elections 0 190 Regionalism must stop 0 191 Govt favours people from their party 0 192 Govt should help with school fees for girls 0 193 Corruption among health personnel 0 194 Civil service doctors must take jobs seriously 0 195 Rich have more freedom than poor 0 196 Over-enrolment in schools 0 197 Business matters 0 198 Exploitation of villagers 0 199 Retrenchments 0 200 Govt assistance to villagers 0 201 prostitution 0 202 Misuse of democracy 0 203 Accessibilty of loans 0 204 Lack TV service/network 0 205 Lack of post offices 0 206 Lack of policemen 0 207 Freedom of dress should stop 0 208 No maize mills nearby 0 209 Lack of respect for elders 0 210 Lack of respect for one another 0 211 Economic improvements 27 212 Education 174 213 More bursaries 0 214 Give Land to people 6 999 Missing data 58 51b Most important problems govt should address 51B. What are the most important problems facing this country that the government should address? Which of these is most important? Place 1 next to most important problem. 1183 1 999 1 Apartheid 3 2 Abuse 0 3 Affirmative action 0 4 Affrirmative action ( too much ) 0 5 AIDS 62 6 Bursaries 0 7 Child Welfare 0 8 Child abuse 0 9 Crime 0 10 Corruption 12 11 Corruption in govt 0 12 Civil war 9 13 Death sentence should be returned 0 14 Death rate too high 2 15 Discrimination 5 16 Disputes between political parties 0 17 Diseases 0 18 Drought 25 19 Drought relief 15 20 Development 0 21 Development of rural areas 10 22 Drugs/alcohol 5 23 Democracy 0 24 Donor fund mismanagement 3 25 Don't know 1 26 Economy 0 27 Economic stabilisation 0 28 Education (equality) 0 29 Education (too expensive) 0 30 Education (poor quality) 0 31 Education (quality of schools) 0 32 Education (shortage of schools) 0 33 Educational facilities 0 34 Environment 0 35 Elections 0 36 Electricity 0 37 Electricity (need more) 0 38 Equality 0 39 Equal dev for all areas 0 40 Financial problems 0 41 Financial future 0 42 Funding indigenous business 0 43 Foreign investment 0 44 Food supply 19 45 Government 0 46 Govt responsibility 0 47 Govt spending 0 48 Govt unresponsive 0 49 Govt does not communicate 0 50 Housing 11 51 Housing (poor quality) 0 52 Housing ( shortage) 0 53 Health 48 54 Health (medical supplies) 13 55 Health services (too expensive) 0 56 Health services (poor quality) 0 57 Health services (shortage) 0 58 Health services in rural areas 20 59 Hawkers/street vendors 0 60 Intimidation 0 61 Infrastructure 0 62 Immigration 0 63 Investments 0 64 Job creation 35 65 Labour laws 0 66 Lack of unity among people 0 67 Lack of self-help projects 5 68 Lack of money for school fees 0 69 Murder 0 70 Nepotism 0 71 Nothing/No problems 0 72 Oppression 0 73 Poverty 29 74 Prices too high 5 75 Protection of property owners 0 76 Population explosion 3 77 Policing 0 78 Political tension 0 79 Political unrest 0 80 Pensions 0 81 Pensions need to be increased 14 82 Rape 1 83 Racism 0 84 Rights 0 85 Roads 0 86 Roads (poor quality) 0 87 Roads (need more) 0 88 Recreational facilities 0 89 RDP 0 90 Riots 0 91 Security 0 92 Squatting/squattors 0 93 Strikes 0 94 0 95 Services (lack of) 0 96 Services (poor quality) 0 97 Services (too expensive) 0 98 Starvation 0 99 Sewerage 0 100 Standard of living 8 101 Theft 0 102 Taxes 0 103 Taxes too high 0 104 Toilets/sanitation 0 105 Transport 4 106 Teenage pregnancies 7 107 Tribalism 0 108 Unemployment 133 109 Violence 2 110 Vandalism 0 111 Wages too high 0 112 Wages too low 0 113 Water (not enough) 0 114 Water (provide more) 0 115 Water (poor quality) 0 116 Welfare 0 117 Children should follow tradition 0 118 Crop failure 0 119 Devaluation of currency 0 120 Care of Elderly 0 121 0 122 Food prices should be low 0 123 Food shortage 0 124 Economic policy failure 0 125 Health clinics to be provided 0 126 Inflation high 0 127 Lack of loans 0 128 Too many leaders 0 129 Suffering 0 130 Transport prices too high 0 131 Wealth being lost rapidly 0 132 Voter education 0 133 Telecommunications 0 134 Street lights 0 135 Sports problems 0 136 Street children 0 137 Implementation of govt policies 0 138 Immigrants 0 139 Govt favours foreigners 0 140 Poor govt administration 0 141 Nuclear weapons 0 142 School drop-outs 0 143 Use of prisoners for labour 0 144 Reduce income disparity 0 145 Road accidents 0 146 Assist disabled 0 147 Assist orphans 0 148 63 149 Reduce school fees 14 150 Strengthen democracy 3 151 Home affairs 1 152 Farm workers benefits 6 153 Govt assistance 3 154 Leaders must take responsibility 3 155 Training of police officers 0 156 Homosexual issues 1 157 4 158 Protection against wild animals 0 159 Nature conservation 0 160 Better qualified teachers 0 161 Traditional leaders 0 162 Army training 0 163 Promiscuity 0 164 Fair land distribution 0 165 DRC war 0 166 5th brigade attocracies 0 167 Irresponsible members of parliament 0 168 Assistance for needy people 0 169 Poor woking conditions 0 170 0 171 Lack of co-operation between political parties 0 172 Cash payment to farmers for products 0 173 President favours home area 0 174 0 175 Fine those who default on loans 0 176 Govt should develop all regions 0 177 Govt should build a bank 0 178 Environmental degradation 0 179 Need for new govt 0 180 High school fees 0 181 Lack of maize in markets 0 182 Lack of justice in govt 0 183 Lack of land to cultivate 0 184 Lack of farming improvements 0 185 Trading centres too far 0 186 Headman not trustworthy 0 187 Lack of free hospitals 0 188 Lack of markets 0 189 Rigging elections 0 190 Regionalism must stop 0 191 Govt favours people from their party 0 192 Govt should help with school fees for girls 0 193 Corruption among health personnel 0 194 Civil service doctors must take jobs seriously 0 195 Rich have more freedom than poor 0 196 Over-enrolment in schools 0 197 Business matters 0 198 Exploitation of villagers 0 199 Retrenchments 0 200 Govt assistance to villagers 0 201 prostitution 0 202 Misuse of democracy 0 203 Accessibilty of loans 0 204 Lack TV service/network 0 205 Lack of post offices 0 206 Lack of policemen 0 207 Freedom of dress should stop 0 208 No maize mills nearby 0 209 Lack of respect for elders 0 210 Lack of respect for one another 0 211 Economic improvements 17 212 Education 211 213 More bursaries 0 214 Give Land to people 9 996 No further answer 287 999 Missing data 52 51c Most important problems govt should address 51C. What are the most important problems facing this country that the government should address? Which of these is most important? Place 1 next to most important problem. 1183 1 999 1 Apartheid 1 2 Abuse 0 3 Affirmative action 0 4 Affrirmative action ( too much ) 0 5 AIDS 30 6 Bursaries 0 7 Child Welfare 0 8 Child abuse 0 9 Crime 0 10 Corruption 3 11 Corruption in govt 0 12 Civil war 4 13 Death sentence should be returned 0 14 Death rate too high 0 15 Discrimination 12 16 Disputes between political parties 0 17 Diseases 0 18 Drought 20 19 Drought relief 5 20 Development 0 21 Development of rural areas 4 22 Drugs/alcohol 8 23 Democracy 0 24 Donor fund mismanagement 1 25 Don't know 0 26 Economy 0 27 Economic stabilisation 0 28 Education (equality) 0 29 Education (too expensive) 0 30 Education (poor quality) 0 31 Education (quality of schools) 0 32 Education (shortage of schools) 0 33 Educational facilities 0 34 Environment 0 35 Elections 0 36 Electricity 0 37 Electricity (need more) 0 38 Equality 0 39 Equal dev for all areas 0 40 Financial problems 0 41 Financial future 0 42 Funding indigenous business 0 43 Foreign investment 0 44 Food supply 3 45 Government 0 46 Govt responsibility 0 47 Govt spending 0 48 Govt unresponsive 0 49 Govt does not communicate 0 50 Housing 15 51 Housing (poor quality) 0 52 Housing ( shortage) 2 53 Health 28 54 Health (medical supplies) 10 55 Health services (too expensive) 0 56 Health services (poor quality) 0 57 Health services (shortage) 0 58 Health services in rural areas 16 59 Hawkers/street vendors 0 60 Intimidation 0 61 Infrastructure 0 62 Immigration 0 63 Investments 0 64 Job creation 12 65 Labour laws 0 66 Lack of unity among people 0 67 Lack of self-help projects 4 68 Lack of money for school fees 0 69 Murder 0 70 Nepotism 0 71 Nothing/No problems 0 72 Oppression 0 73 Poverty 16 74 Prices too high 4 75 Protection of property owners 0 76 Population explosion 1 77 Policing 0 78 Political tension 0 79 Political unrest 0 80 Pensions 0 81 Pensions need to be increased 12 82 Rape 2 83 Racism 0 84 Rights 0 85 Roads 0 86 Roads (poor quality) 0 87 Roads (need more) 0 88 Recreational facilities 0 89 RDP 0 90 Riots 0 91 Security 0 92 Squatting/squattors 0 93 Strikes 0 94 0 95 Services (lack of) 0 96 Services (poor quality) 0 97 Services (too expensive) 0 98 Starvation 0 99 Sewerage 0 100 Standard of living 6 101 Theft 0 102 Taxes 0 103 Taxes too high 0 104 Toilets/sanitation 0 105 Transport 3 106 Teenage pregnancies 5 107 Tribalism 0 108 Unemployment 38 109 Violence 4 110 Vandalism 0 111 Wages too high 0 112 Wages too low 0 113 Water (not enough) 0 114 Water (provide more) 0 115 Water (poor quality) 0 116 Welfare 0 117 Children should follow tradition 0 118 Crop failure 0 119 Devaluation of currency 0 120 Care of Elderly 0 121 0 122 Food prices should be low 0 123 Food shortage 0 124 Economic policy failure 0 125 Health clinics to be provided 0 126 Inflation high 0 127 Lack of loans 0 128 Too many leaders 0 129 Suffering 0 130 Transport prices too high 0 131 Wealth being lost rapidly 0 132 Voter education 0 133 Telecommunications 0 134 Street lights 0 135 Sports problems 0 136 Street children 0 137 Implementation of govt policies 0 138 Immigrants 0 139 Govt favours foreigners 0 140 Poor govt administration 0 141 Nuclear weapons 0 142 School drop-outs 0 143 Use of prisoners for labour 0 144 Reduce income disparity 0 145 Road accidents 0 146 Assist disabled 0 147 Assist orphans 0 148 33 149 Reduce school fees 6 150 Strengthen democracy 0 151 Home affairs 1 152 Farm workers benefits 4 153 Govt assistance 2 154 Leaders must take responsibility 1 155 Training of police officers 1 156 Homosexual issues 0 157 0 158 Protection against wild animals 1 159 Nature conservation 1 160 Better qualified teachers 1 161 Traditional leaders 1 162 Army training 1 163 Promiscuity 0 164 Fair land distribution 0 165 DRC war 0 166 5th brigade attocracies 0 167 Irresponsible members of parliament 0 168 Assistance for needy people 0 169 Poor woking conditions 0 170 0 171 Lack of co-operation between political parties 0 172 Cash payment to farmers for products 0 173 President favours home area 0 174 0 175 Fine those who default on loans 0 176 Govt should develop all regions 0 177 Govt should build a bank 0 178 Environmental degradation 0 179 Need for new govt 0 180 High school fees 0 181 Lack of maize in markets 0 182 Lack of justice in govt 0 183 Lack of land to cultivate 0 184 Lack of farming improvements 0 185 Trading centres too far 0 186 Headman not trustworthy 0 187 Lack of free hospitals 0 188 Lack of markets 0 189 Rigging elections 0 190 Regionalism must stop 0 191 Govt favours people from their party 0 192 Govt should help with school fees for girls 0 193 Corruption among health personnel 0 194 Civil service doctors must take jobs seriously 0 195 Rich have more freedom than poor 0 196 Over-enrolment in schools 0 197 Business matters 0 198 Exploitation of villagers 0 199 Retrenchments 0 200 Govt assistance to villagers 0 201 prostitution 0 202 Misuse of democracy 0 203 Accessibilty of loans 0 204 Lack TV service/network 0 205 Lack of post offices 0 206 Lack of policemen 0 207 Freedom of dress should stop 0 208 No maize mills nearby 0 209 Lack of respect for elders 0 210 Lack of respect for one another 0 211 Economic improvements 10 212 Education 97 213 More bursaries 0 214 Give Land to people 5 996 No further answer 693 999 Missing data 56 52a Anyone can freely speak their mind Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 28 2 Worse 68 3 Same 106 4 Better 510 5 Much better 433 6 Don't know 35 99 Missing Data 3 52b People can join political organisation of choice Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 11 2 Worse 37 3 Same 79 4 Better 529 5 Much better 478 6 Don't know 45 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 4 52c Can live without fear of being arrested if done nothing wrong Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 24 2 Worse 59 3 Same 136 4 Better 486 5 Much better 440 6 Don't know 32 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 6 52d Can freely vote for anyone without being forced Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 11 2 Worse 31 3 Same 98 4 Better 486 5 Much better 525 6 Don't know 28 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 4 52e Govt treats all people fair and equal Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 35 2 Worse 111 3 Same 205 4 Better 498 5 Much better 261 6 Don't know 63 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 10 52f Safe from crime and violence Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 92 2 Worse 199 3 Same 238 4 Better 421 5 Much better 185 6 Don't know 37 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 11 52g Adequate standard of living Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 28 2 Worse 133 3 Same 276 4 Better 508 5 Much better 162 6 Don't know 60 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 16 52h Access to basic necessities Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 32 2 Worse 129 3 Same 263 4 Better 487 5 Much better 228 6 Don't know 31 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 13 52i Namibians are equal to each other Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 36 2 Worse 91 3 Same 201 4 Better 506 5 Much better 267 6 Don't know 65 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 17 53 Only one political party allowed to stand for elections 53. If only one political party, or candidates from only one party, were allowed to stand for elections and hold office? Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 406 2 Disapprove 337 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 71 4 Approve 215 5 Strongly approve 63 6 Don't know 89 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 54 All decisions made by elders, traditional leaders or chiefs 54. If all decisions were made by a council of Elders, Traditional Leaders, or Chiefs. Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 299 2 Disapprove 343 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 209 4 Approve 182 5 Strongly approve 77 6 Don't know 67 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 6 55 Army governs country 55. If the army came in to govern the country? Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 375 2 Disapprove 311 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 129 4 Approve 177 5 Strongly approve 102 6 Don't know 75 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 14 56 President decides everything 56. If parliament and political parties were abolished, so that the President could decide everything? Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 360 2 Disapprove 298 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 130 4 Approve 199 5 Strongly approve 83 6 Don't know 84 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 29 57 Economic decisions made by economic experts 57. If all important decisions about the economy were made by economic experts rather than an elected government or parliament. Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 183 2 Disapprove 292 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 201 4 Approve 270 5 Strongly approve 83 6 Don't know 146 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 58 Return to old system of South African rule 58. If the country returned to the old system of South African rule? Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Our current system of governing with regular elections and more than one political party is not the only one Namibia has ever had. Some people say that we would be better off if we had a different system of government. How much would you disapprove, neither disapprove or approve, or approve of the following alternatives to our current system of government with at least two political parties and regular elections?” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 675 2 Disapprove 227 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 94 4 Approve 82 5 Strongly approve 31 6 Don't know 60 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 14 59 Govt. was elected to power by accepted procedures 59. Our government was elected to power by accepted procedures Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Here are some things people often say about our current political system. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree, neither disagree nor agree, or agree.” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 28 2 Disagree 79 3 Neiher agree nor disagree 90 4 Agree 594 5 Strongly agree 330 6 Don't know 57 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 60 Govt exercises power in acceptable way 60. Our government exercises power in an acceptable way. Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Here are some things people often say about our current political system. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree, neither disagree nor agree, or agree.” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 24 2 Disagree 113 3 Neiher agree nor disagree 149 4 Agree 536 5 Strongly agree 296 6 Don't know 60 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 61 Constitution expresses values and aspirations of all Namibians 61. Our constitution expresses the values and aspirations of all Namibians? Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Here are some things people often say about our current political system. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree, neither disagree nor agree, or agree.” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 19 2 Disagree 79 3 Neiher agree nor disagree 183 4 Agree 511 5 Strongly agree 264 6 Don't know 108 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 19 62 Govt has right to make decisions whether people agree or not 62. Our government has the right to make decisions that all people have to abide by whether or not they agree with them. Enumerator introduced the question by saying: “Here are some things people often say about our current political system. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree, neither disagree nor agree, or agree.” Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 158 2 Disagree 251 3 Neiher agree nor disagree 176 4 Agree 310 5 Strongly agree 169 6 Don't know 106 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 13 63a How well is govt handling the creation of jobs 1183 1 99 1 Very well 210 2 Fairly well 347 3 Not very well 425 4 Not at all well 173 5 Don't know 25 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 3 63b How well is govt handling the building of houses 1183 1 99 1 Very well 214 2 Fairly well 473 3 Not very well 298 4 Not at all well 78 5 Don't know 113 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 63c How well is govt ensuring that prices remain stable 1183 1 99 1 Very well 98 2 Fairly well 347 3 Not very well 421 4 Not at all well 181 5 Don't know 129 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 63d How well is govt reducing crime 1183 1 99 1 Very well 145 2 Fairly well 402 3 Not very well 383 4 Not at all well 214 5 Don't know 29 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 63e How well is govt improving health care 1183 1 99 1 Very well 247 2 Fairly well 487 3 Not very well 311 4 Not at all well 104 5 Don't know 21 96 No further answe 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 13 63f How well is govt addressing educational needs of all Namibians 1183 1 99 1 Very well 254 2 Fairly well 474 3 Not very well 293 4 Not at all well 95 5 Don't know 55 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 63g How well is govt managing the economy 1183 1 99 1 Very well 144 2 Fairly well 393 3 Not very well 371 4 Not at all well 112 5 Don't know 149 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 14 63h How well is govt delivering basic services 1183 1 99 1 Very well 232 2 Fairly well 414 3 Not very well 301 4 Not at all well 167 5 Don't know 48 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 21 63i How well is govt ensuring that everyone has enough land 1183 1 99 1 Very well 118 2 Fairly well 339 3 Not very well 256 4 Not at all well 133 5 Don't know 66 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 271 64 How interested is the President in your well-being 64. How interested do you think President is in what happens to you or hearing what people like you think? Is he: 1183 1 99 1 Not at all interested 69 2 Not very interested 126 3 Interested 340 4 Very interested 585 5 Have not heard enough to know 55 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 65 How much of the time can you trust the president to do what is right 65. How much of the time can you trust President to do what is right. Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Never 44 2 Sometimes 221 3 Most times 288 4 Always 570 5 Have not heard enough 56 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing 4 66 How well has President Nujoma performed 66. What about the way President Nujoma has performed his job over the past twelve months? Do you: 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 63 2 Disapprove 100 3 Approve 382 4 Strongly approve 548 5 Have not heard enough to know 85 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 67 How many govt officials do you think are involved in corruption 67. What about corruption? (Corruption is where those in government and the civil service take money or gifts from the people and use it for themselves, or expect people to pay them extra money or a gift to do their job). How many officials in the Nujoma administration do you think are involved in corruption? 1183 1 99 1 Almost all 76 2 Most 215 3 A few/ some 433 4 Almost none 195 5 Don't know enough about it 260 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 4 68 How interested is parliament in your well-being 68. How interested do you think parliament is in what happens to you or hearing what people like you think? Are they: 1183 1 99 1 Not at all interested 60 2 Not very interested 210 3 Interested 487 4 Very interested 211 5 Don't know enough about it 211 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 4 69 How much of the time can you trust parliament to do what is right 69. How much of the time can you trust parliament to do what is right. Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Never 60 2 Some of the time 319 3 Most of the time 355 4 Just about always 245 5 Don't know enough about it 193 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 11 70 How well has parliament performed its job 70. What about the way parliament has performed its job over the past twelve months? Do you: 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disapprove 40 2 Disapprove 129 3 Approve 530 4 Strongly approve 229 5 Don't know enough about it 247 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 71 How many people in parliament are involved in corruption 71. What about corruption? How many people in parliament do you think are involved in corruption? 1183 1 99 1 Almost all 46 2 Most 178 3 A few/ some 441 4 Almost none 189 5 Don't know enough about it 314 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 15 72 How many civil servants are involved in corruption 72. How many civil servants, or those who work in government offices and ministries do you think are involved in corruption? 1183 1 99 1 Almost all 46 2 Most 243 3 A few/ some 464 4 Almost none 182 5 Don't know enough about it 242 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 6 73 How interested is your local councillor in your well-being 73. How interested do you think your local councilor is in what happens to you or hearing what people like you think? Is he/she: 1183 1 99 1 Not at all interested 96 2 Not very interested 232 3 Interested 344 4 Very interested 231 5 Don't know enough about it 162 6 Not applicable for my area 111 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 74 How much of the time can you trust your local govt to do what is right 74. How much of the time can trust your local government to do what is right. Is it: 1183 1 99 1 Never 55 2 Some of the time 355 3 Most of the time 285 4 Just about always 216 5 Don't know enough about it 149 6 Not applicable for my area 117 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 6 75 How well has local govt performed its job 75. What about the way your local government has performed its job over the past twelve months? Do you: 1183 1 99 1 Never 54 2 Some of the time 166 3 Most of the time 440 4 Just about always 199 5 Don't know enough about it 187 6 Not applicable for my area 127 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 76 How many officials in local govt are involved in corruption 76. What about corruption? How many officials in your local government do you think are involved in corruption? 1183 1 99 1 Almost all 38 2 Most 166 3 A few/ some 312 4 Almost none 232 5 Don't know enough about it 286 6 Not applicable for my area 133 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 77a Govt. today more effective in performing its job Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much more 244 2 More 342 3 Same 168 4 Less 252 5 Much less 107 6 Don't know 57 99 Missing Data 13 77b Govt. today more interested in hearing what people think Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much more 261 2 More 371 3 Same 222 4 Less 212 5 Much less 51 6 Don't know 53 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 13 77c Govt. today more corrupt? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much more 84 2 More 227 3 Same 245 4 Less 328 5 Much less 157 6 Don't know 122 96 No further answe 0 99 Missing Data 20 77d Govt. today more trustworthy? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much more 204 2 More 358 3 Same 237 4 Less 183 5 Much less 89 6 Don't know 94 96 No further answer 0 99 Missing Data 18 78a How much of the time can you trust the army 1183 1 99 1 Never 70 2 Some of the time 229 3 Most of the time 287 4 Just about always 493 5 Don't know enough about it 99 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 78b How much of the time can you trust the police 1183 1 99 1 Never 50 2 Some of the time 293 3 Most of the time 402 4 Just about always 413 5 Don't know enough about it 19 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 6 78c How much of the time can you trust the courts of law 1183 1 99 1 Never 53 2 Some of the time 243 3 Most of the time 373 4 Just about always 380 5 Don't know enough about it 129 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 78d How much of the time can you trust the electoral commission 1183 1 99 1 Never 49 2 Some of the time 210 3 Most of the time 372 4 Just about always 407 5 Don't know enough about it 133 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 78e How much of the time can you trust the Namibian broadcasting corporation 1183 1 99 1 Never 27 2 Some of the time 120 3 Most of the time 351 4 Just about always 642 5 Don't know enough about it 35 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 78f How much of the time can you trust the newspapers 1183 1 99 1 Never 50 2 Some of the time 204 3 Most of the time 323 4 Just about always 411 5 Don't know enough about it 188 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 79 Preference for democratic govt vs non-democratic govt 1183 1 99 1 Democracy always preferable 678 2 Non-democratic govt can be preferable 138 3 Makes no difference 136 4 Don't know 224 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 83 Besides being Namibian what other group do you feel close to 83. We have spoken to many Namibians and they have all described themselves in different ways. Some people describe themselves in terms of their language, religion, race, and others describe themselves in economic terms, such as working class, middle class, or a farmer. Besides being Namibian, which specific group to do you feel you belong to first and foremost? 1183 5 999 1 1 0 2 2 0 3 3 0 4 4 0 5 5 64 6 6 4 7 7 0 8 8 0 9 9 0 10 10 0 11 11 0 12 12 0 13 13 0 14 14 0 15 15 6 16 16 0 17 17 0 18 18 0 19 19 0 20 20 0 21 21 0 22 22 0 23 23 0 24 24 0 25 25 5 26 26 78 27 27 13 28 28 0 29 29 0 30 30 0 31 31 0 32 32 0 33 33 57 34 34 72 35 35 0 36 36 88 37 37 0 38 38 0 39 39 0 40 40 0 41 41 0 42 42 0 43 43 0 44 44 0 45 45 16 46 46 0 47 47 0 48 48 0 49 49 0 50 50 0 51 51 276 52 52 13 53 53 0 54 54 1 55 55 32 56 56 16 57 57 8 58 58 0 59 59 2 60 60 20 61 61 40 62 62 7 63 63 47 64 64 24 65 65 29 66 66 12 67 67 2 68 68 0 69 69 5 70 70 0 71 71 4 72 72 0 73 73 3 74 74 1 75 75 8 76 76 2 77 77 2 78 78 5 79 79 1 80 80 1 81 81 7 82 82 2 83 83 2 84 84 0 85 85 3 86 86 0 87 87 0 88 88 0 89 89 0 90 90 0 91 91 0 92 92 0 93 93 0 94 94 0 95 95 0 96 96 0 97 97 60 98 98 0 99 99 0 100 100 2 101 101 27 999 102 116 84a You feel proud to belong to this group Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 56 2 Disagree 28 3 Neither agree nor disagree 24 4 Agree 335 5 Strongly agree 724 6 Don't know 7 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 84b Would want children to think of themselves as part of this group Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 57 2 Disagree 70 3 Neither agree nor disagree 62 4 Agree 296 5 Strongly agree 671 6 Don't know 19 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 84c People who belong to this group are better than other groups Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 87 2 Disagree 145 3 Neither agree nor disagree 142 4 Agree 333 5 Strongly agree 395 6 Don't know 61 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 20 84d Feel stronger ties to group than to other Namibians Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 47 2 Disagree 135 3 Neither agree nor disagree 119 4 Agree 371 5 Strongly agree 440 6 Don't know 51 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 20 84e Feel proud to be called a Namibian Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 10 2 Disagree 14 3 Neither agree nor disagree 19 4 Agree 295 5 Strongly agree 828 6 Don't know 7 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 84f Children should also consider themselves as Namibians Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 8 2 Disagree 19 3 Neither agree nor disagree 19 4 Agree 327 5 Strongly agree 774 6 Don't know 14 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 22 84g All people born in country should be treated equally Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 13 2 Disagree 51 3 Neither agree nor disagree 51 4 Agree 335 5 Strongly agree 689 6 Don't know 36 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 84h Desirable to create a united Namibian nation out of all groups Enumerator read respondent’s identity group from Q83 in the blank space. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly disagree 21 2 Disagree 55 3 Neither agree nor disagree 76 4 Agree 370 5 Strongly agree 598 6 Don't know 37 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 85 Your group's economic conditions compared with others 85. Are _____’s (Respondent’s Identity group from Q83) economic conditions worse, the same as, or better than other groups in this country? Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Much worse 98 2 Worse 179 3 About the same 343 4 Better 359 5 Much better 92 6 Don't know 102 99 Missing Data 10 86 Your group treated unfairly by govt 86. To what extent are _______(respondent’s identity from Q83) people treated unfairly by the government. 1183 1 99 1 Always 70 2 Too a large extent 123 3 Some extent 323 4 Hardly 208 5 Never 300 6 Don't know 148 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 11 87 Govt interest in your group compared to others 87. In general, do you feel that people in government are less interested, or more interested in what ______s (respondent’s identity from Q83) think compared to other groups, or is it about the same? 1183 1 99 1 Much less interested 98 2 Less interested 266 3 About the same 333 4 More interested 283 5 Much more interested 94 6 Don't know 104 97 N/A 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 88 Does govt represent interest of all Namibians or only one group 88. Do you think that the government represents the interests of all Namibians, or of one group only? If respondent answers 1 (All Namibians), skip to question 90. Skip to Q107” in questionnaire is not right direction. 1183 1 99 1 All 907 2 One group 213 3 Don't know 56 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 89 Which group's interest does govt mostly represent 89. Which group is that? (If one group is answered) Enumerator post coded answer as 97 (not applicable) if respondent did not answer 2 (one group only) to quesrtion 88. 1183 25 99 1 Afrikaans-speakers 0 2 Chewa/Chewa-speakers 0 3 Chinyungwe-speakers 0 4 Chisena-speakers 0 5 Damara-speakers 0 6 English-speakers 0 7 German-speakers 0 8 Nama-speakers 0 9 Ndebele-speakers 0 10 Oshiwambo-speakers 0 11 Otjiherero-speakers 0 12 Portueguese-speakers 0 13 Rukwangali-speakers 0 14 Sesotho,Sotho, S.Sotho speakers- 0 15 Setswana/Tswana-speakers 0 16 Silozi-speakers 0 17 Shangaan/Tsonga/Ronga/Tswa-speakers 0 18 Shona-speakers 0 19 Swahili-speakers 0 20 Swazi-speakers 0 21 Venda-speakers 0 22 Xhosa-speakers 0 23 Zulu-speakers 0 24 Sepedi/N.Sotho-speakers 0 25 White people 9 26 Black people 4 27 Coloured people 0 28 Indian people 0 29 Christian people 0 30 Muslim people 0 31 Catholic people 0 32 Religious people 0 33 Middle class people 3 34 Working class people 0 35 Poor/low class people 0 36 Farmers 0 37 Jindwi 0 38 Black African people 0 39 African people 0 40 Muchikunda 0 41 Budya 0 42 Zezuru 0 43 Ndau 0 44 Muungwe 0 45 Women 0 46 Men 0 47 Tumbuka 0 48 Karanga 0 49 Worker(s) 0 50 Korekore 0 51 Ovambo 154 52 Afrikaners 0 53 Boers 0 54 Businessmen 0 55 Unemployed people 0 56 Kavango 0 57 San 0 58 Khoi 0 59 Banderu 0 60 Students 0 61 Westerners 0 62 Top govt officials 0 63 Their people 0 64 ZANU PF members 0 65 Rich people 1 66 Zwimba people 0 67 0 69 Elite 0 70 Govt workers 0 71 Bourgeouise 0 72 Ruling class 0 73 Bangwato 0 74 Basarwa 0 75 Bangwato and Bakalaka 0 76 Chinese 0 77 Central Region (Malawi) 0 78 People who live with President 0 79 Machinga 0 80 United Democratic Front constituencies (Malawi) 0 81 Football players 0 82 Politicians 0 83 United Democratic Front/UDF members (Malawi) 0 84 Yao/Achawa 0 85 Southerners/Southern Region (Malawi) 0 86 Northerners/Northern Region (Malawi) 0 87 Political party 5 89 Damara/Nama 3 90 Their families 7 97 Not Applicable 901 98 Refused 7 99 Missing 89 90 Voted in the 1994 elections 90. With regard to the most recent, 1994 national elections, which statement is true for you? 1183 1 99 1 I decided not to vote 86 2 Unable to vote 258 3 I voted 757 4 No election in my area 37 5 Cannot remember 36 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 91a Have you joined others to address community problems 1183 1 99 1 Often 109 2 A few times 298 3 Once or twice 192 4 Would do it if I had the chance 265 5 Would never do this 285 6 Don't know 27 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 91b Have you attended an election rally 1183 1 99 1 Often 166 2 A few times 248 3 Once or twice 221 4 Would do it if I had the chance 240 5 Would never do this 267 6 Don't know 34 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 91c Have you worked for a political party/candidate 1183 1 99 1 Often 47 2 A few times 69 3 Once or twice 74 4 Would do it if I had the chance 407 5 Would never do this 548 6 Don't know 31 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 91d Have you ever written a letter to newspaper 1183 1 99 1 Often 12 2 A few times 54 3 Once or twice 44 4 Would do it if I had the chance 459 5 Would never do this 570 6 Don't know 37 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 7 92a Have you ever claimed govt benefits that your are not entitled to 1183 1 99 1 Often 71 2 A few times 69 3 Once or twice 52 4 Would do it if I had the chance 183 5 Would never do this 728 6 Don't know 70 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 92b Not paying rates 1183 1 99 1 Often 93 2 A few times 38 3 Once or twice 47 4 Would do it if I had the chance 139 5 Would never do this 724 6 Don't know 86 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 53 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 3 92c Avoid paying income taxes 1183 1 99 1 Often 45 2 A few times 30 3 Once or twice 41 4 Would do it if I had the chance 137 5 Would never do this 771 6 Don't know 90 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 59 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 92d Get services without paying for them 1183 1 99 1 Often 65 2 A few times 28 3 Once or twice 38 4 Would do it if I had the chance 228 5 Would never do this 724 6 Don't know 65 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 35 93a Would you attend a demonstration/protest march 1183 1 99 1 Often 41 2 A few times 106 3 Once or twice 104 4 Would do it if I had the chance 260 5 Would never do this 638 6 Don't know 31 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 3 93b Boycott rates, services/ taxes 1183 1 99 1 Often 25 2 A few times 52 3 Once or twice 80 4 Would do it if I had the chance 219 5 Would never do this 770 6 Don't know 35 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 93c Partake in sit-ins/ disruption of govt. meetings 1183 1 99 1 Often 18 2 A few times 36 3 Once or twice 32 4 Would do it if I had the chance 187 5 Would never do this 866 6 Don't know 42 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 93d Use force or violent methods 1183 1 99 1 Often 12 2 A few times 12 3 Once or twice 22 4 Would do it if I had the chance 82 5 Would never do this 1021 6 Don't know 30 96 No further answer 0 97 Not applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 4 94 Support or oppose the shut down of newspapers/radio or Tv stations 94. Shut down newspapers, or radio, or television stations that were critical of it. Enumerator introduced by the question by saying: “If the government were to take the following actions, would you support it, neither support nor oppose it, or oppose it. Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly support 9 2 Support 58 3 Neither support nor oppose 89 4 Oppose 399 5 Strongly oppose 549 6 Don't know 71 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 95a What if anything would you do about the shutdown? 95A. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 1 99 1 Do nothing 338 2 Speak to others 287 3 Write to newspaper 64 4 Phone radio/ TV 90 5 Contact govt official 172 6 Join march or demonstration 107 7 Don't know 97 8 Other 2 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 95b What if anything would you do about the shutdown? 95B. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 2 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 6 3 Write to newspaper 28 4 Phone radio/ TV 23 5 Contact govt official 47 6 Join march or demonstration 22 7 Don't know 2 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1029 97 Not Applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 95c What if anything would you do about the shutdown? 95C. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 3 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 3 4 Phone radio/ TV 18 5 Contact govt official 6 6 Join march or demonstration 9 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1121 97 Not Applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 95d What if anything would you do about the shutdown? 95D. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 4 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 2 5 Contact govt official 10 6 Join march or demonstration 2 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1143 97 Not Applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 95e What if anything would you do about the shutdown? 95E. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 6 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 0 5 Contact govt official 0 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1156 97 Not Applicable 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 26 96 Support or oppose judges dismissed for ruling against govt 96. How do you feel about dismissed judges who ruled against the govt.? Enumerator introduced by the question by saying: “If the government were to take the following actions, would you support it, neither support nor oppose it, or oppose it. Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly support 50 2 Support 214 3 Neither support nor oppose 126 4 Oppose 340 5 Strongly oppose 336 6 Don't know 90 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 27 97a What would you do about dismissed judges? 97A. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 1 99 1 Do nothing 431 2 Speak to others 265 3 Write to newspaper 69 4 Phone radio/ TV 79 5 Contact govt official 157 6 Join march or demonstration 57 7 Don't know 98 8 Other 9 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 18 97b What would you do about dismissed judges? 97B. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 2 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 3 3 Write to newspaper 31 4 Phone radio/ TV 23 5 Contact govt official 40 6 Join march or demonstration 18 7 Dont know 1 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1049 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 18 97c What would you do about dismissed judges? 97C. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 3 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 1 4 Phone radio/ TV 23 5 Contact govt official 11 6 Join march or demonstration 2 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1128 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 18 97d What would you do about dismissed judges? 97D. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 4 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 1 5 Contact govt official 8 6 Join march or demonstration 3 7 Dont know 1 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1152 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 18 97e What would you do about dismissed judges? 97E. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 6 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 0 5 Contact govt official 0 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1164 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 18 98 Support or oppose the banning of political parties 98. Banned political parties. Enumerator introduced by the question by saying: “If the government were to take the following actions, would you support it, neither support nor oppose it, or oppose it. Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly support 28 2 Support 133 3 Neither support nor oppose 107 4 Oppose 359 5 Strongly oppose 451 6 Don't know 80 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 25 99a What would you do about banning of political parties? 99A. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 1 99 1 Do nothing 379 2 Speak to others 290 3 Write to newspaper 67 4 Phone radio/ TV 97 5 Contact govt official 132 6 Join march or demonstration 85 7 Dont know 105 8 Other 4 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 24 99b What would you do about banning of political parties? 99B. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 2 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 4 3 Write to newspaper 31 4 Phone radio/ TV 23 5 Contact govt official 53 6 Join march or demonstration 12 7 Don't know 2 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1035 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 23 99c What would you do about banning of political parties? 99C. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 3 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 1 4 Phone radio/ TV 22 5 Contact govt official 11 6 Join march or demonstration 11 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1115 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 23 99d What would you do about banning of political parties? 99D. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to four answers. 1183 4 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 1 5 Contact govt official 14 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1144 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 23 99e What would you do about banning of political parties? 1183 5 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 0 5 Contact govt official 1 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 1 96 No further answer 1157 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 23 100 Support or oppose the suspension of parliament and cancellation next election 100. Suspended the parliament and cancelled the next elections? Enumerator introduced by the question by saying: “If the government were to take the following actions, would you support it, neither support nor oppose it, or oppose it. Then, the enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly support 8 2 Support 106 3 Neither support nor oppose 130 4 Oppose 362 5 Strongly oppose 469 6 Don't know 73 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 35 101a What would you do about the suspension of parliament and canellation of elections. 101A. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 1 99 1 Do nothing 340 2 Speak to others 283 3 Write to newspaper 77 4 Phone radio/ TV 96 5 Contact govt official 153 6 Join march or demonstration 112 7 Don't know 102 8 Other 4 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 101b What would you do about the suspension of parliament and canellation of elections. 101B. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 2 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 2 3 Write to newspaper 32 4 Phone radio/ TV 29 5 Contact govt official 48 6 Join march or demonstration 23 7 Dont know 2 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1031 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 101c What would you do about the suspension of parliament and canellation of elections. 101C. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 3 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 1 4 Phone radio/ TV 26 5 Contact govt official 8 6 Join march or demonstration 8 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1124 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 101d What would you do about the suspension of parliament and canellation of elections. 101D. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 4 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 1 5 Contact govt official 12 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1153 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 101e What would you do about the suspension of parliament and canellation of elections. 101E. What is anything would you do about it? Respondent could give up to five answers. 1183 6 99 1 Do nothing 0 2 Speak to others 0 3 Write to newspaper 0 4 Phone radio/ TV 0 5 Contact govt official 0 6 Join march or demonstration 1 7 Dont know 0 8 Other 0 96 No further answer 1166 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 16 102 Govt system will take long to deal with problems Vs ought to deal with it Enumerator introduced the question by saying, “Please tell me whether you agree more with Statement A or B?” Enumerator then probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Will take years to deal with problems : Agree strongly 201 2 Will take years to deal with problems : Agree somewhat 289 3 Ought to deal with problems now : Agree somewhat 181 4 Ought to deal with problems now : Agree strongly 389 5 Don't know 119 6 Do not agree with either 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 4 103a Majority Rule needed for democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 496 2 Important 490 3 Not very important 86 4 Not important at all 22 5 Don't know 86 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 3 103b Freedom to criticise the govt and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 305 2 Important 491 3 Not very important 233 4 Not important at all 103 5 Don't know 42 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 103c Regular elections and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 436 2 Important 569 3 Not very important 105 4 Not important at all 30 5 Don't know 34 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 103d At least two political parties competing and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 258 2 Important 476 3 Not very important 248 4 Not important at all 114 5 Don't know 75 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 103e Basic necessities and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 605 2 Important 479 3 Not very important 51 4 Not important at all 17 5 Don't know 23 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 8 103f Jobs for everyone and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 627 2 Important 476 3 Not very important 43 4 Not important at all 9 5 Don't know 19 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 103g Equality in education and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 659 2 Important 440 3 Not very important 38 4 Not important at all 12 5 Don't know 19 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 15 103h Small income gap between rich and poor and democracy 1183 1 99 1 Absolutely essential 311 2 Important 449 3 Not very important 217 4 Not important at all 130 5 Don't know 63 96 No further answer 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 13 104 Strong leader Vs democracy is best 104. “Sometimes democracy does not work. When this happens, some people say that we need a strong leader who does not have to bother with elections. Others say that even when things don’t work, democracy is always best. What do you think.” A. Need Strong leader. B. Democracy always best. Enumerator probed for strength of opinion. 1183 1 99 1 Strongly agree-Need a strong leader 326 2 Agree-Need strong leader 263 3 Agree-Democracy always best 101 4 Strongly Agree-Democracy always best 402 5 Don't know 86 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 105 The manner in which Namibia is governed 105. On the whole, is the way Namibia governed: 1183 1 99 1 Completely democratic 347 2 Democratic with minor problems 486 3 Democratic with major problems 177 4 Not a democracy 32 5 Do not understand question 43 6 Don't know 89 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 9 106 How satisfied are you with democracy in Namibia 106. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Namibia? Are you: 1183 1 99 1 Very satisfied 331 2 Fairly statisfied 417 3 Not very satisfied 229 4 Not at all satisfied 67 5 Namibia is not a democracy 6 6 Don't know 116 99 Missing Data 17 107a Important changes about way the country is governed 107A. What are the most important things that need to be changed about the way we govern our country? 1183 1 999 1 1 134 2 2 87 3 3 22 4 4 42 5 5 33 6 6 112 7 7 20 8 8 0 9 9 34 10 10 50 11 11 0 12 12 0 13 13 17 14 14 22 15 15 6 16 16 23 17 17 7 18 18 0 19 19 0 20 20 46 21 21 0 22 22 5 23 23 3 24 24 0 25 25 1 26 26 1 27 27 12 28 28 8 29 29 0 30 30 0 31 31 0 32 32 4 33 33 0 34 34 0 35 35 45 36 36 5 37 37 1 38 38 34 39 39 0 40 40 8 41 41 0 42 42 16 43 43 0 44 44 0 45 45 0 46 46 0 47 47 0 48 48 0 49 49 0 50 50 0 51 51 0 52 52 0 53 53 0 54 54 0 55 55 0 56 56 0 57 57 0 58 58 0 59 59 0 60 60 0 61 61 0 62 62 0 63 63 0 64 64 0 65 65 0 66 66 0 67 67 0 68 68 14 69 69 0 70 70 0 71 71 0 72 72 0 73 73 0 74 74 0 75 75 0 76 76 0 77 77 1 78 78 0 79 79 0 80 80 0 81 81 0 82 82 0 83 83 0 84 84 0 85 85 0 86 86 0 87 87 0 88 88 0 89 89 0 90 90 0 91 91 0 92 92 0 93 93 0 94 94 0 95 95 0 96 96 0 97 97 0 98 98 7 100 99 0 101 100 0 102 101 0 103 102 0 104 103 0 105 104 0 106 105 0 107 106 1 108 107 5 109 108 4 110 109 0 111 110 8 112 111 1 113 112 18 114 113 9 115 114 5 116 115 1 117 116 5 118 117 5 119 118 8 120 119 0 121 120 0 122 121 0 123 122 0 124 123 0 125 124 0 126 125 0 127 126 0 128 127 0 129 128 0 130 129 0 131 130 0 132 131 0 133 132 0 134 133 0 135 134 0 136 135 109 137 136 1 138 137 21 139 138 40 140 139 13 141 140 0 142 141 3 143 142 15 144 143 6 145 144 2 146 145 0 999 146 83 107b Important changes about way the country is governed 107B. What are the most important things that need to be changed about the way we govern our country? 1183 2 999 1 1 0 2 2 1 3 3 4 4 4 13 5 5 19 6 6 31 7 7 3 8 8 0 9 9 12 10 10 15 11 11 0 12 12 0 13 13 8 14 14 4 15 15 5 16 16 7 17 17 4 18 18 0 19 19 0 20 20 16 21 21 0 22 22 0 23 23 2 24 24 1 25 25 1 26 26 0 27 27 2 28 28 11 29 29 0 30 30 0 31 31 0 32 32 1 33 33 0 34 34 0 35 35 19 36 36 0 37 37 0 38 38 13 39 39 0 40 40 4 41 41 0 42 42 8 43 43 0 44 44 0 45 45 0 46 46 0 47 47 0 48 48 0 49 49 0 50 50 0 51 51 0 52 52 0 53 53 0 54 54 0 55 55 0 56 56 0 57 57 0 58 58 0 59 59 0 60 60 0 61 61 0 62 62 0 63 63 0 64 64 0 65 65 0 66 66 0 67 67 0 68 68 9 69 69 0 70 70 0 71 71 0 72 72 0 73 73 0 74 74 0 75 75 0 76 76 0 77 77 0 78 78 0 79 79 0 80 80 0 81 81 0 82 82 0 83 83 0 84 84 0 85 85 0 86 86 0 87 87 0 88 88 0 89 89 0 90 90 0 91 91 0 92 92 0 93 93 0 94 94 0 95 95 0 97 96 1 98 97 0 100 98 0 101 99 0 102 100 0 103 101 0 104 102 0 105 103 0 106 104 0 107 105 2 108 106 1 109 107 3 110 108 1 111 109 3 112 110 1 113 111 7 114 112 7 115 113 4 116 114 1 117 115 0 118 116 2 119 117 2 120 118 0 121 119 0 122 120 0 123 121 0 124 122 0 125 123 0 126 124 0 127 125 0 128 126 0 129 127 0 130 128 0 131 129 0 132 130 0 133 131 0 134 132 0 135 133 0 136 134 42 137 135 0 138 136 5 139 137 30 140 138 4 141 139 1 142 140 2 143 141 8 144 142 1 145 143 2 146 144 1 996 145 763 999 146 76 107c Important changes about way the country is governed 107C. What are the most important things that need to be changed about the way we govern our country? 1183 2 999 1 1 0 2 2 1 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 9 6 6 12 7 7 4 8 8 0 9 9 8 10 10 0 11 11 0 12 12 0 13 13 3 14 14 1 15 15 0 16 16 2 17 17 1 18 18 0 19 19 0 20 20 2 21 21 0 22 22 0 23 23 0 24 24 0 25 25 1 26 26 0 27 27 2 28 28 2 29 29 0 30 30 0 31 31 0 32 32 1 33 33 0 34 34 0 35 35 2 36 36 0 37 37 0 38 38 4 39 39 1 40 40 4 41 41 0 42 42 0 43 43 0 44 44 0 45 45 0 46 46 0 47 47 0 48 48 0 49 49 0 50 50 0 51 51 0 52 52 0 53 53 0 54 54 0 55 55 0 56 56 0 57 57 0 58 58 0 59 59 0 60 60 0 61 61 0 62 62 0 63 63 0 64 64 0 65 65 0 66 66 0 67 67 0 68 68 3 69 69 0 70 70 0 71 71 0 72 72 0 73 73 0 74 74 0 75 75 0 76 76 0 77 77 0 78 78 0 79 79 0 80 80 0 81 81 0 82 82 0 83 83 0 84 84 0 85 85 0 86 86 0 87 87 0 88 88 0 89 89 0 90 90 0 91 91 0 92 92 0 93 93 0 94 94 0 95 95 0 97 96 0 98 97 0 100 98 0 101 99 0 102 100 0 103 101 0 104 102 0 105 103 0 106 104 1 107 105 0 108 106 1 109 107 0 110 108 0 111 109 0 112 110 0 113 111 1 114 112 3 115 113 0 116 114 0 117 115 2 118 116 0 119 117 0 120 118 0 121 119 0 122 120 0 123 121 0 124 122 0 125 123 0 126 124 0 127 125 0 128 126 0 129 127 0 130 128 0 131 129 0 132 130 0 133 131 0 134 132 0 135 133 0 136 134 12 137 135 0 138 136 2 139 137 12 140 138 3 141 139 0 142 140 0 143 141 1 144 142 1 145 143 0 146 144 0 996 145 993 999 146 81 107 Are you close to any political party? 107. Do you usually think of yourself as close to any particular political party? If no, then the enumerator goes to Question 110a after entering “97” for Question 108. “Sikp to Q127” in questionnaire need to be corrected to “skip to Q110.” Question number 107 was used twice. 1183 1 3 1 Yes 833 2 No 339 3 Don't know 11 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 0 108 What party are you close to? 108. Which party is that? Only asked if respondent answered “yes” to question 108. Otherwise, enumerator post coded response as 97 (No party). 1183 1 99 1 Congress of Democrats 43 2 DCN 7 3 DTA 75 4 FCN 3 5 MAG 6 6 SWANU 4 7 SWAPO 616 8 United Democratic Front 10 9 Workers Revolutionary Party 4 10 Other 0 11 Refused 59 13 Don't know 5 97 No party 343 99 Missing Data 8 109 How close to the party do you feel? 109. Do you feel very close to this party, somewhat close, or not very close? Enumerator post coded response as 97 if respondent answered 2 (no) to Q108. 1183 1 99 1 Very close 601 2 Somewhat close 146 3 Not very close 70 4 Don't know 15 97 Not applicable 339 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 12 110a1 How old were you on your last birthday? 110a1. How old were you at your last birthday? If Respondent can’t answer: In which year were you born? 1183 18 99 18 31 19 42 20 41 21 29 22 44 23 35 24 37 25 32 26 34 27 42 28 29 29 38 30 48 31 44 32 30 33 19 34 25 35 40 36 22 37 32 38 31 39 28 40 21 41 22 42 17 43 19 44 16 45 14 46 12 47 9 48 21 49 14 50 20 51 7 52 12 53 11 54 9 55 11 56 6 57 7 58 14 59 15 60 14 61 4 62 7 63 13 64 10 65 10 66 6 67 8 68 6 69 5 70 9 71 1 72 3 73 4 74 2 75 2 76 1 77 2 79 7 80 8 81 1 82 5 84 1 85 1 89 1 99 Missing Data 22 110a2 Year you were born 110a2. How old were you at your last birthday? If Respondent can’t answer: In which year were you born? 1183 10 99 10 1 14 1 15 1 16 1 17 4 18 1 19 11 20 6 22 2 23 1 24 2 25 2 26 4 27 2 28 3 29 7 30 8 31 4 32 8 33 5 34 13 35 10 36 12 37 7 38 5 39 16 40 15 41 16 42 6 43 7 44 11 45 10 46 11 47 11 48 7 49 23 50 13 51 21 52 9 53 12 54 16 55 16 56 16 57 19 58 20 59 21 60 28 61 28 62 31 63 26 64 36 65 25 66 23 67 28 68 46 69 39 70 44 71 26 72 48 73 30 74 37 75 29 76 40 77 39 78 29 79 37 80 48 81 17 82 1 92 1 93 1 99 Missing Data 29 110b Home language 110b. Let’s think for a moment about the languages that you use. What language do you speak most at home? 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 129 2 Chewa 0 3 Chinyungwe 1 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 80 6 English 37 7 German 8 8 Nama 75 9 Ndebele 1 10 Oshiwambo 569 11 Oshiherero 92 12 Portuguese 1 13 Rukwangali 54 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 4 16 Silozi 59 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 1 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 1 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi/N Sotho 27 25 Other 0 99 Missing Data 44 111 Highest grade/std/form completed 111. What was the highest grade, standard or form you completed? 1183 1 99 1 No formal schooling 190 2 Some Primary school 199 3 Primary school completed 179 4 Some high school 280 5 High school completed 190 6 Some University/college 56 7 University/college completed 43 8 Post graduate 12 9 Other post matric qualification 20 10 Don't know 4 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 10 112 Job status: part-time/ full-time 112. Do you have a job that pays a weekly or monthly cash income? Is it full-time or part-time? And are you looking for a cash job (or looking for another one if you are presently working)? 1183 1 99 1 No (not looking) 429 2 No (looking) 356 3 Yes, part time (not looking) 27 4 Yes, part time (looking) 63 5 Yes, full time (not looking) 226 6 Yes, full time (looking) 77 7 Don't know 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 5 113 Recently have you been unemployed for one month or more 113. In the past twelve months, have you been unemployed (that is, without a cash job) at any time for a period of at least one month or more? 1183 1 99 1 Yes 616 2 No 552 3 Don't remember 13 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 114 How many months were you unemployed If respondent answered 2 (no) to Q113, enumerator post coded answer as 97 (Not applicable). 114. How many months did this amount to? 1183 1 99 1 1 month 35 2 2 months 34 3 3 months 31 4 4months 62 5 5 months 27 6 6 months 43 7 7 months 77 8 8 months 8 9 9 months 5 10 10 months 5 11 11 months 4 12 12 months 60 13 Don't know 221 97 Not applicable 569 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 2 115 Do you work for no cash pay? 115. Do you do any regular work without getting paid cash? If Yes, What type of job? Is this a part-time or full-time job? 1183 1 99 1 No 697 2 Raising children (part-time) 43 3 Raising children(full-time) 53 4 Cleaning (part-time) 30 5 Cleaning (full-time) 7 6 Looking after animals (part-time) 47 7 Looking after animals (full-time) 42 8 Growing food (part-time) 68 9 Growing food (full-time) 70 10 Volunteer work (part-time) 47 11 Volunteer work (full-time) 25 12 Other 21 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 33 116 Present/last occupation 116. What is your present occupation or last occupation if unemployed? 1183 1 99 1 Employer, 10 or more employees 3 2 Employer, 10 or less employees 9 3 Professional Worker 84 4 Supervisor Office Worker/Supervises others 12 5 Non-Manual Office Worker(Non Supervisor) 20 6 Foreman/Supervisor 17 7 Skilled Manual Worker(Formal Sector) 21 8 Skilled Manual Worker(Informal Sect/Prod) 16 9 Unskilled Manual Worker(Formal Sect) 53 10 Unskilled Manual Worker(Informal sect) 47 11 Miner 16 12 Farmer (Own Commercial Farm) 14 13 Farmer (Own Subsistence Farm) 82 14 Farm worker 39 15 Domestic/Maid/Char 50 16 Armed Services/Police/Security Pers 18 17 Student 79 18 Housewife/Works In the Household 124 19 Disabled 5 20 Never had job before 14 21 Don't know 3 22 Taxi driver 9 23 Pensioner 40 24 Self-employed, no employees 5 25 Unemployed 159 26 Work for Government 12 27 Manager(Outside office) 0 99 Missing Data 232 117 Occupation 117. Would that be: 1183 1 99 1 Employer, 10 or more employees 12 2 Employer, 10 or less employees 11 3 Professional Worker 92 4 Supervisor Office Worker/Supervises others 21 5 Non-Manual Office Worker(Non Supervisor) 19 6 Foreman/Supervisor 14 7 Skilled Manual Worker(Formal Sector) 42 8 Skilled Manual Worker(Informal Sect/Prod) 29 9 Unskilled Manual Worker(Formal Sect) 24 10 Unskilled Manual Worker(Informal sect) 49 11 Miner 13 12 Farmer (Own Commercial Farm) 18 13 Farmer (Own Subsistence Farm) 83 14 Farm worker 88 15 Domestic/Maid/Char 41 16 Armed Services/Police/Security Pers 22 17 Student 78 18 Housewife/Works In the Household 210 19 Disabled 19 20 Never had job before 231 21 Don't know 27 22 Taxi driver 1 23 Pensioner 0 24 Self-employed, no employees 0 25 Unemployed 0 26 Work for Government 0 27 Manager(Outside office) 0 99 Missing Data 39 118 Recently did you have to do without a cash income 118. In the last twelve months, how often did you or your family have to go without a cash income? Was it: 1183 1 99 1 Often 292 2 Sometimes 526 3 Rarely 92 4 Never 250 5 Don't know 12 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 11 119a How do you normally obtain cash? 119. Describe how you normally obtain cash income? Respondent could give up to four answers. 13 (=don’t know) was not supposed to be an option on Q119A-C, but it was used in one case. 1183 1 99 1 From Employer 350 2 Work for myself/investments 254 3 Local community/co-operative association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 104 6 Traditional leader 5 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 4 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 1 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 2 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 0 11 Ask anyone to help me 26 12 Nothing I can do 12 14 Other 24 17 Start small business 0 18 Sell livestock 0 19 Informal trader 0 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 32 Don't know 1 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 349 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 0 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 0 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 1 58 Selling food 1 59 Speculating with anything 2 60 Find a job 20 96 No further responses 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 27 119b How do you normally obtain cash 119. Describe how you normally obtain cash income? Respondent could give up to four answers. 13 (=don’t know) was not supposed to be an option on Q119A-C, but it was used in one case. 1183 2 99 1 From Employer 0 2 Work for myself/investments 24 3 A local/cooperative association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 14 6 Traditional leader 4 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 1 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 1 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 0 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 2 11 Ask anyone to help me 16 12 Nothing I can do 14 14 Other 2 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 32 Don't know 0 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 59 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 0 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 0 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 1 58 Selling food 1 59 Speculating with anything 0 60 Find a job 6 96 No further responses 1014 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 24 119c How do you normally obtain cash 119. Describe how you normally obtain cash income? Respondent could give up to four answers. 13 (=don’t know) was not supposed to be an option on Q119A-C, but it was used in one case. 1183 5 99 1 From Employer 0 2 Work for myself/investments 0 3 A local/cooperative credit association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 4 6 Traditional leader 5 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 4 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 3 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 0 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 2 11 Ask anyone to help me 2 12 Nothing I can do 1 14 Other 0 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 32 Don't know 0 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 3 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 0 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 0 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 0 58 Selling food 0 59 Speculating with anything 0 60 Find a job 0 96 No further responses 1132 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 27 120a Other methods used to get cash 120A. If you could no longer get a cash income in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use, or would there be nothing you could do? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 1 99 1 From Employer 38 2 Work for myself/investments 137 3 Local community/co-operative association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 35 6 Traditional leader 9 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 10 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 4 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 8 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 9 11 Ask anyone to help me 158 12 Nothing I can do 390 13 Don't know 72 14 Other 24 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 201 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 0 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 1 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 1 58 Selling food 0 59 Speculating with anything 4 60 Find a job 31 96 No further responses 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 51 120b Other methods used to get cash 120B. If you could no longer get a cash income in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use, or would there be nothing you could do? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 2 99 1 From Employer 0 2 Work for myself/investments 6 3 Local community/co-operative association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 5 6 Traditional leader 4 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 1 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 4 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 1 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 0 11 Ask anyone to help me 36 12 Nothing I can do 24 13 Don't know 3 14 Other 0 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 9 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 1 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 0 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 0 58 Selling food 0 59 Speculating with anything 2 60 Find a job 0 96 No further responses 1036 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 51 120c Other methods used to get cash 120C. If you could no longer get a cash income in this way, what other methods would you be most likely to use, or would there be nothing you could do? Respondent could give up to three answers. 1183 5 99 1 From Employer 0 2 Work for myself/investments 0 3 Local community/co-operative association 0 4 Friends/family 0 5 Govt pension 2 6 Traditional leader 0 7 Know someone-govt welfare assistance 1 8 Favour/Bribe govt official 2 9 Pretend I'm eligible for govt assistance 1 10 Steal/sell illegal goods 0 11 Ask anyone to help me 11 12 Nothing I can do 5 13 Don't know 1 14 Other 0 22 Husband provides 0 23 Boyfriend provides 0 25 Someone helps me get govt assistance 0 30 Looking for a job 0 33 Own a business 0 34 Casual work 0 35 Part-time work 0 36 From Children 0 37 From parents 0 39 Pension 0 40 Would give up 1 41 Pray 0 42 Go to my village 0 43 Make a loan 0 44 Washing cars 0 45 Do anything 0 46 Self-help projects 0 47 Ask the govt 0 48 Gold panning 0 49 Fishing 0 50 Building 0 51 Investment 0 52 Commercial sex 0 53 Begging 0 57 Selling baskets 0 58 Selling food 0 59 Speculating with anything 0 60 Find a job 1 96 No further responses 1107 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 51 121 Know a close friend or relative that died of AIDS 121. Do you know a close friend or relative who has died of AIDS? 1183 1 99 1 Yes 476 2 No 620 3 Will not say 42 4 Don't know 40 99 Missing data 5 122 Suburb 122. Suburb? Question was completed by the enumerator. 1183 1 999 1 1 7 2 2 2 3 3 0 4 4 0 5 5 1 6 6 1 7 7 0 8 8 0 9 9 5 10 10 7 11 11 0 12 12 0 13 13 1 14 14 0 15 15 0 16 16 0 17 17 0 18 18 32 19 19 0 20 20 15 21 21 0 22 22 0 23 23 0 24 24 0 25 25 0 26 26 0 27 27 6 28 28 0 29 29 0 30 30 0 31 31 0 32 32 25 33 33 0 34 34 67 35 35 13 36 36 1 37 37 7 38 38 8 39 39 5 40 40 7 41 41 16 42 42 0 43 43 13 44 44 15 45 45 9 46 46 8 47 47 7 48 48 10 49 49 6 50 50 0 51 51 7 52 52 8 53 53 9 54 54 22 55 55 14 56 56 29 57 57 25 58 58 4 59 59 8 60 60 0 61 61 0 62 62 10 63 63 9 64 64 4 65 65 0 66 66 0 67 67 0 68 68 1 69 69 0 70 70 0 71 71 3 72 72 7 73 73 8 74 74 8 75 75 1 76 76 0 77 77 3 78 78 0 79 79 15 80 80 8 81 81 6 82 82 0 83 83 0 84 84 6 85 85 0 86 86 85 87 87 0 88 88 12 89 89 10 90 90 13 91 91 9 92 92 0 93 93 1 94 94 19 95 95 0 96 96 8 97 97 13 98 98 8 99 99 2 100 100 0 101 101 7 102 102 1 103 103 117 104 104 20 105 105 3 106 106 1 107 107 0 108 108 0 109 109 0 110 110 4 111 111 0 112 112 7 113 113 6 114 114 7 115 115 0 116 116 6 117 117 0 118 118 0 119 119 0 120 120 0 121 121 0 122 122 0 123 123 0 124 124 0 125 125 0 126 126 0 127 127 0 128 128 0 129 129 1 130 130 0 999 131 314 123 District/Province 123. District/Province Question was completed by the enumerator. 1183 1 13 1 Erongo 48 2 Hardap 48 3 Karas 56 4 Khomas 135 5 Kunene 55 6 Ohangwena 153 7 Okavango 96 8 Omaheke 56 9 Omusati 160 10 Oshana 113 11 Oshikoto 103 12 Otjozondjupa 87 13 Caprivi 73 124a Language interview was conducted in 124A. Which language/s was the interview conducted in? Question was completed by the enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 184 2 Chewa 0 3 Chinyungwe 1 4 Chisena 1 5 Damara 22 6 English 171 7 German 2 8 Nama 29 9 Ndebele 3 10 Oshiwambo 550 11 Oshiherero 60 12 Portuguese 0 13 Rukwangali 66 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 0 16 Silozi 48 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 1 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 12 99 Missing Data 33 124b Language interview was conducted in 124B. Which language/s was the interview conducted in? Question was completed by the enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 1 2 Chewa 1 3 Chinyungwe 1 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 1 6 English 18 7 German 1 8 Nama 4 9 Ndebele 0 10 Oshiwambo 13 11 Oshiherero 7 12 Portuguese 0 13 Rukwangali 7 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 0 16 Silozi 7 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 5 96 No further answer 1085 99 Missing Data 32 124c Language interview was conducted in 124C. Which language/s was the interview conducted in? Question was completed by the enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 2 2 Chewa 0 3 Chinyungwe 0 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 1 6 English 0 7 German 0 8 Nama 1 9 Ndebele 0 10 Oshiwambo 4 11 Oshiherero 2 12 Portuguese 1 13 Rukwangali 0 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 0 16 Silozi 0 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 3 96 No further answer 1136 99 Missing Data 33 125 Respondent's gender 125. Interviewer: Respondent’s gender Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Female 598 2 Male 564 99 Missing Data 21 126 Respondent's race 126. Respondent’s race Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Black/African 977 2 White/European 51 3 Coloured 46 4 Indian 4 5 Chinese/Japanese/Asian 0 6 Could not tell 2 99 Missing Data 103 127 Did respondent have any missing limbs 127. Did the respondent have any physical disabilities: Missing limbs? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 11 2 No 1109 3 Could not tell 46 99 Missing data 17 128 Was respondent blind or nearly blind 128. Did the respondent have any physical disabilities: Blind, or nearly blind? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 10 2 No 1120 3 Could not tell 21 99 Missing data 32 129 Did respondent cough repeatedly during interview 129. Did the respondent have any physical disabilities? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 10 2 No 761 3 Could not tell 24 99 Missing data 388 130 Respondent's type of shelter 130. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Non-traditional (formal house) 422 2 Traditional hut 590 3 Temporary structure(shack) - seperate plot 62 4 Temporary structure(shack) backyard 12 5 Temporary structure(shed) seperate plot 17 6 Temporary structure(shed) backyard 3 7 Flat in block of flats 13 8 Room in backyard 8 9 Room in hotel/hostel 6 10 Other 6 99 Missing Data 44 131 Did Household have windows 131. Did the household have windows? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 516 2 No 613 3 Could not tell 43 99 Missing data 11 132 Did households have glass-in windows 132. Did the household have glass in windows? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 446 2 No 679 3 Could not tell 40 99 Missing data 18 133 What was the roof made of 133. What was the roof made of: Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Metal,zinc 550 2 Tiles 4 3 Shingles 10 4 Thatch 464 5 Plastic sheets 43 6 Asbestos 21 7 Multiple materials 41 8 Could not tell 25 99 Missing Data 25 134 Immediately present listening to interview 134. Were there any other adults immediately present who might be listening during the interview? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 No one 676 2 Spouse 108 3 Children 194 4 A few others 152 5 Small crowd 30 99 Missing Data 23 135 Respondent check with others to answer questions 135. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 97 2 No 1076 99 Missing Data 10 136 Were respondent's answers influenced by anyone 136. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview. Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 89 2 No 1063 99 Missing Data 31 137 What proportion of questions did respondent struggle with 137. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 All 9 2 Most 80 3 Some 256 4 Few 457 5 None 366 99 Missing data 15 138 Where was the interview conducted 138. Was the interview conducted: Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Inside 653 2 Outside 314 3 Both 24 99 Missing data 192 139 Was respondent's attitude: friendly? 139. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Friendly or Hostile? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Friendly 1051 2 In-between 99 3 Hostile 5 99 Missing data 28 140 Was respondent's attitude: interested? 140. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Interested or Bored? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Interested 960 2 Inbetween 158 3 Bored 21 99 Missing data 44 141a Was respondent's attitude: cooperative? 141A. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Cooperative or Uncooperative? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Co-operative 984 2 Inbetween 150 3 Unco-operative 15 99 Missing data 34 141b Was respondent's attitude: patient? 141B. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Patient or Impatient? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Patient 876 2 Inbetween 247 3 Impatient 24 99 Missing data 36 142 Was respondent's attitude: at ease? 142. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? At ease or suspicious? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 At ease 752 2 Inbetween 360 3 Suspicious 33 99 Missing data 38 143 Was respondent's attitude: honest? 143. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Honest or Misleading? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Honest 923 2 Inbetween 212 3 Misleading 10 99 Missing data 38 144 Did your presence arouse interest from neighbours 144. Did your presence in the area arouse interest from the neighbors? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 540 2 No 586 99 Missing data 57 145 Did your presence arouse suspicion from neighbours 145. Did your presence in the area arouse interest from the neighbors? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 180 2 No 967 99 Missing data 36 146 Did your presence arouse fear in neighbours 146. Did your presence in the area arouse suspicion from neighbors? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 58 2 No 1088 99 Missing data 37 147 Approached by community/political representatives 147. Were you approached by community /party representatives? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 61 2 No 1086 99 Missing data 36 148 Did you feel threatened during interview 148. Did you feel threatened during the interview? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 43 2 No 1104 99 Missing data 36 149 Were you physically threatened during interview 149. Were you physically threatened during the interview? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 73 2 No 1072 99 Missing data 38 150 Did anything else significant happen during interview 150. Did anything else significant happen during the interview? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 No 1069 2 Neighbours enquired;interviewer belong to CoD 10 3 Told interviewer not to come back 0 4 Don't understand idea of questionnaire 1 5 Wasting time; Questionnaire too long 4 6 Family members interfere with interview 11 99 Missing Data 88 152 Interviewer age 151. Interview Number 1183 19 99 19 24 20 41 21 88 22 52 23 64 24 55 25 55 26 223 27 85 28 146 29 9 30 106 31 24 32 58 34 12 47 1 49 35 99 Missing Data 105 153 Do you come from a rural or urban area 152. Age 1183 1 99 1 Rural 279 2 Urban 763 99 Missing Data 141 154a Interviewer's home language 154A. Interviewer’s home language? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 49 2 Chewa 0 3 Chinyungwe 0 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 46 6 English 6 7 German 0 8 Nama 15 9 Ndebele 3 10 Oshiwambo 782 11 Oshiherero 109 12 Portuguese 0 13 Rukwangali 50 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 1 16 Silozi 61 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 11 99 Missing Data 50 154b Interviewer's home language 154B. Interviewer’s home language? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 2 99 1 Afrikaans 0 2 Chewa 1 3 Chinyungwe 0 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 0 6 English 33 7 German 0 8 Nama 1 9 Ndebele 0 10 Oshiwambo 3 11 Oshiherero 4 12 Portuguese 0 13 Rukwangali 1 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 0 16 Silozi 3 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 23 96 No further answer 1064 99 Missing Data 50 154c Interviewer's home language 154C. Interviewer’s home language? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Afrikaans 1 2 Chewa 0 3 Chinyungwe 0 4 Chisena 0 5 Damara 0 6 English 0 7 German 0 8 Nama 0 9 Ndebele 0 10 Oshiwambo 33 11 Oshiherero 1 12 Portuguese 0 13 Rukwangali 0 14 Sesotho 0 15 Setswana 0 16 Silozi 0 17 Shangaan, Tsonga.. 0 18 Shona 0 19 Swahili 0 20 Swazi 0 21 Venda 0 22 Xhosa 0 23 Zulu 0 24 Sepedi,North Sotho 0 96 No further answer 1098 99 Missing Data 50 155 Interviewer's gender 155. Interviewer: Interviewer’s gender 1183 1 99 1 Female 224 2 Male 949 99 Missing Data 10 156a Interviewer's race 156A. Interviewer’s race Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Black/African 1138 2 White/European 2 3 Coloured 9 4 Indian 0 5 Chinese/Japanese/Asian 0 6 Could not tell 0 99 Missing Data 34 156b Interviewer's highest level of education 156B. Interviewer’s highest level of education? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 No formal schooling 5 2 Some Primary school 2 3 Primary school completed 6 4 Some high school 29 5 High school completed 772 6 Some University/college 224 7 University/college completed 76 8 Post graduate 1 9 Other post matric qualification 53 10 Dont know 0 98 Refused 0 99 Missing data 15 157 Is there a post-office in PSU 157. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Post office? Question was answered by enumerator 1183 1 99 1 Yes 230 2 No 759 3 Can't determine 19 99 Missing Data 175 158 School in PSU 158. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: School? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 734 2 No 265 3 Can't determine 6 99 Missing Data 178 159 Police station in PSU 159. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Police station? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 265 2 No 721 3 Can't determine 19 99 Missing Data 178 160 Regular bus/taxi service in PSU 160. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Regular bus or taxi service? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 358 2 No 628 3 Can't determine 23 99 Missing Data 174 161 Electricity grid accessable to most houses in PSU 161. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Electricity grid that most houses could access? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 511 2 No 479 3 Can't determine 21 99 Missing Data 172 162 Piped water system in PSU 162. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Piped water system that most houses could access? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 595 2 No 400 3 Can't determine 16 99 Missing Data 172 163 Sewage system in PSU 163. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Sewage system that most houses could access? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 428 2 No 534 3 Can't determine 46 99 Missing Data 175 164 Railway station in PSU 164. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Railway Station? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 140 2 No 855 3 Can't determine 12 99 Missing Data 176 165 Health clinic system 165. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Health clinic? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 445 2 No 525 3 Can't determine 35 99 Missing Data 178 166 Recreational facilities in PSU 166. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Recreational facilities for eg a sports field? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 437 2 No 521 3 Can't determine 50 99 Missing Data 175 167 Places of worship in PSU 167. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Any churches, mosques, temples, or other places of worship? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 557 2 No 392 3 Can't determine 57 99 Missing Data 177 168 Townhalls/community building in PSU 168. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Any churches, mosques, temples, or other places of worship? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 342 2 No 581 3 Can't determine 85 99 Missing Data 175 169 Petrol station in PSU 169. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Petrol station? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 299 2 No 689 3 Can't determine 17 99 Missing Data 178 170 Bottle store in PSU 170. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Bottle store? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 567 2 No 420 3 Can't determine 19 99 Missing Data 177 171 Supermarket in PSU 171. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Supermarket (food and/or clothing)? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 398 2 No 580 3 Can't determine 29 99 Missing Data 176 172 Cafes/corner shops in PSU 172. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Cafes/corner shops/Spaza shops? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 523 2 No 460 3 Can't determine 20 99 Missing Data 180 173 Market stalls in PSU 173. Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit: Market stalls (selling food and/or clothing)? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 331 2 No 615 3 Can't determine 54 99 Missing Data 183 174 Did you see any police or police vehicles 174. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any policemen or police vehicles? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 210 2 No 772 3 Can't determine 22 99 Missing Data 179 175 See any soldiers/army vehicles in PSU 175. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any soldiers or army vehicles? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 152 2 No 820 3 Can't determine 29 99 Missing Data 182 176 Pavement along roads 176. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any pavement along the roads or streets? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 241 2 No 709 3 Can't determine 30 99 Missing Data 203 177 Household gardens with crops/vegetables being grown 177. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any gardens or fields attached to households containing evidence of crops/vegetables being grown? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 571 2 No 388 3 Can't determine 25 99 Missing Data 199 178 Household yards containing livestock 178. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any yards or fields attached to households containing livestock such as goats, sheep, cows, or horses? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 526 2 No 433 3 Can't determine 34 99 Missing Data 190 179 Household yards with trees higher than one storey 179. At the PSU did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any yards, gardens, or fields attached to households with trees growing in them that were larger than one story in height? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 450 2 No 500 3 Can't determine 46 99 Missing Data 187 180 Formal houses in PSU 180. How many houses within the primary sampling unit are formal houses? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 All 210 2 Most 219 3 Some 316 4 None 227 5 Don't know 23 99 Missing Data 188 181 Area interview was conducted in 181. Type of area in which interview was conducted? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Urban (formal) 237 2 Suburban (formal) 22 3 Township/town 68 4 Rural township/town 100 5 Rural village 438 6 Rural cluster/kraal 118 7 Urban non-permanent shack camp 0 8 Rural non-permanent shack camp 6 9 Can't determine 1 99 Missing data 193 182 PSU clearly sign-posted the last 10km journey 182. Thinking of the journey here: Was the PSU clearly sign posted along the last 10km of your journey? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 485 2 No 494 99 Missing data 204 183 Any stop/give way signs in last 10km of journey 183. Thinking of the journey here: Were there any stop/give way signs along the last 10km of your journey? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 398 2 No 578 99 Missing data 207 184 Any traffic lights in last 10km of journey 184. Thinking of the journey here: Were there any traffic lights/robots along the last 10km of your journey? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 141 2 No 836 99 Missing data 206 185 Were the traffic lights in working order 185. Thinking of the journey here: If yes above, were all of them in working order? Question was answered by enumerator. If answer to Q184 was 2 (no), enumerator post coded response as 97 (not applicable). 1183 1 99 1 Yes 172 2 No 554 97 Not applicable 253 99 Missing data 204 186 Any water-filled river during last 1km of journey 186. Thinking of the journey here: Did you (or any of your colleagues) see a water filled river during the last 1km of your journey? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 100 2 No 880 99 Missing data 203 187 Any water-filled dam in last 1km of journey 187. Thinking of the journey here: Did you (or any of your colleagues) see a water-filled dam or lake during the last 1km of your journey? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 Yes 40 2 No 938 99 Missing data 205 188 How much graded sand/dirt roads in last 10km 188. Roughly how much of the last 10km of your journey were spent on these different sorts of roads: Graded sand/dirt roads? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 0 km 136 2 170 3 5-10 km 196 4 All 136 99 Missing data 545 189 How much ungraded dirt roads in last 10km 189. Roughly how much of the last 10km of your journey were spent on these different sorts of roads: Ungraded dirt roads? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 0 km 117 2 127 3 5-10 km 175 4 All 136 99 Missing data 628 190 Off road in last 10km 190. Roughly how much of the last 10km of your journey were spent on these different sorts of roads: Off road? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 0 km 100 2 165 3 5-10 km 171 4 All 83 99 Missing data 664 191 How much tarred/concrete roads in last 10km 191. Roughly how much of the last 10km of your journey were spent on these different sorts of roads: Tarred or concrete roads? Question was answered by enumerator. 1183 1 99 1 0 km 171 2 171 3 5-10 km 136 4 All 135 99 Missing data 570