TZA_2001_AFB-R1_v01_M DDI_TZA_2001_AFB-R1_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2020-09-28 Metadata Editor Version 01 (September 2020) TZA_2001_AFB-R1_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2001 Round 1 AFB-R1 2001 The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Public Opinion Survey Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The initial (Round 1) survey covered 7 countries. Tanzania National coverage Individuals The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] In Rounds 1 through 3, the Afrobarometer did only minimal weighting of data to correct for over- or under-samples of certain populations, usually based on region or urban-rural location. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. tan_r1_data.sav 2198 290 .sav Afrobarometer round 1 survey data. Respondent number Respondent number 2198 1 9296 Community Community 2198 1 2 1 Urban 501 2 Rural 1697 Region Region 2198 Arusha 120 Coast 56 Dar es Salaam 128 Dodoma 104 Iringa 112 Kagera 128 Kaskazini Pemba 31 Kaskazini Unguja 16 Kigoma 78 Kilimanjaro 104 Kusini Pemba 33 Kusini Unguja 16 Lindi 56 Mara 96 Mbeya 136 Mjini Magharibi 48 Morogoro 105 Mtwara 63 Mwanza 168 Rukwa 64 Ruvuma 80 Shinyanga 160 Singida 72 Tabora 96 Tanga 128 District District 2198 Ward Ward 2198 Village Village 2198 Unsuccessful visit - HH1 2198 1 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 2 Person never at home 2 3 Empty premises 1 4 Deaf/Foreign language 3 5 Didn't fit gender quota 1 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2189 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH2 2198 1 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 4 2 Person never at home 4 3 Empty premises 0 4 Deaf/Foreign language 1 5 Didn't fit gender quota 0 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2189 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH3 2198 2 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person never at home 2 3 Empty premises 2 4 Deaf/Foreign language 3 5 Didn't fit gender quota 1 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2190 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH4 2198 1 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 3 2 Person never at home 1 3 Empty premises 0 4 Deaf/Foreign language 1 5 Didn't fit gender quota 0 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2193 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH5 2198 4 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person never at home 0 3 Empty premises 0 4 Deaf/Foreign language 2 5 Didn't fit gender quota 0 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2196 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH6 2198 97 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person never at home 0 3 Empty premises 0 4 Deaf/Foreign language 0 5 Didn't fit gender quota 0 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2198 99 Missing data 0 Unsuccessful visit - HH7 2198 97 97 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person never at home 0 3 Empty premises 0 4 Deaf/Foreign language 0 5 Didn't fit gender quota 0 6 Other 0 96 No unsuccessful visits 0 97 Not applicable 2198 99 Missing data 0 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2198 1 2 1 One call 2032 2 Two calls 166 Date Date of interview 2198 Time of interview Time interview started 2198 Gender 1. What is the respondent’s gender? 2198 1 2 1 Male 1099 2 Female 1099 Head of household 2. Are you the head of the household? 2198 0 1 0 No 915 1 Yes 1283 Age 3. Age 2198 18 999 18 20 19 48 20 53 21 47 22 44 23 48 24 45 25 69 26 71 27 72 28 85 29 55 30 87 31 60 32 86 33 57 34 60 35 75 36 61 37 46 38 81 39 55 40 92 41 48 42 54 43 51 44 24 45 55 46 36 47 36 48 35 49 42 50 32 51 14 52 25 53 14 54 18 55 29 56 26 57 14 58 14 59 16 60 26 61 10 62 17 63 13 64 7 65 15 66 7 67 5 68 7 69 7 70 10 71 6 72 2 73 6 74 4 75 7 76 2 77 2 78 3 81 1 82 1 84 1 999 Don't know 39 Home Language 4. What is your home language? 2198 1 18 1 Swahili 1017 2 Chagga 44 3 Kurya 33 4 Nyakyusa 70 5 Pare 44 6 Haya 82 7 Sukuma 207 8 Luguru 29 9 Hehe 31 10 Masai 12 11 Mbulu 16 12 Makonde 33 13 Ngoni 32 14 Fipa 39 15 Nyamwezi 52 16 Jaluo 27 17 Zaramo 2 18 Other 428 Religion 5. What is your religion, if any? 2198 0 7 0 None 47 1 Islam 873 2 Catholic 667 3 Protestant (Mainstream) 236 4 Protestant (Evangelical/Pentecostal) 202 5 Anglican 80 6 Traditional religion 13 7 Other 80 Level of education 6. How much education have you had? 2198 0 10 0 No formal schooling 154 1 Informal schooling (including Koranic) only 57 2 Some primary schooling 275 3 Primary schooling completed 1151 4 Some secondary school 181 5 Secondary school completed 243 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 87 7 Some university, college 16 8 University, college completed 19 9 Post-graduate 4 10 Do not know 11 Main occupation 7. What is your main occupation? 2198 0 99 0 Unemployed 52 1 Farmer/fisherman 1191 2 Informal marketeer 169 3 Businessperson 212 4 Clerical worker 11 5 Artisan 6 6 Domestic worker 6 7 Miner 13 8 Technical worker 74 9 Teacher 77 10 Government worker 93 11 NGO worker 34 12 Professional 12 13 Retired 33 14 Housewife 128 15 Student 37 16 Other 48 99 Missing Data 2 Buy and sell goods 2198 0 1 0 No 1480 1 Yes 718 Sell skills and services 2198 0 1 0 No 1843 1 Yes 355 Employ other people 2198 0 1 0 No 1851 1 Yes 347 Operate bank or savings account 2198 0 1 0 No 1862 1 Yes 336 Owe money borrowed for business purposes 2198 0 1 0 Never 2106 1 Ocassionally 92 2 Frequently 0 3 Always 0 Gone without food for family 2198 0 3 0 Never 1156 1 Ocassionally 645 2 Frequently 389 3 Always 8 Gone without water for domestic use 2198 0 3 0 Never 1051 1 Ocassionally 553 2 Frequently 548 3 Always 46 Gone without schooling for children 2198 0 3 0 Never 1515 1 Ocassionally 376 2 Frequently 277 3 Always 30 Gone without medical treatment for family 2198 0 3 0 Never 1151 1 Ocassionally 565 2 Frequently 464 3 Always 18 Gone without electricity in your home 2198 0 3 0 Never 328 1 Ocassionally 188 2 Frequently 102 3 Always 1580 Gone without a cash income 2198 0 3 0 Never 508 1 Ocassionally 812 2 Frequently 672 3 Always 206 Turn to for food for family 2198 0 9 0 No one 273 1 Family 483 2 Community group 51 3 Market provision 199 4 Government provision 33 5 Illicit provision 4 9 Not applicable 1155 Turn to for water for domestic use 2198 0 9 0 No one 680 1 Family 169 2 Community group 94 3 Market provision 139 4 Government provision 62 5 Illicit provision 3 9 Not applicable 1051 Turn to for schooling for children 2198 0 9 0 No one 279 1 Family 356 2 Community group 26 3 Market provision 2 4 Government provision 20 5 Illicit provision 1 9 Not applicable 1514 Turn to for medical treatment 2198 0 9 0 No one 317 1 Family 610 2 Community group 45 3 Market provision 32 4 Government provision 42 5 Illicit provision 2 9 Not applicable 1150 Borrow from a bank 11. If you needed to, could you borrow as much as a week’s living expenses from: A. A bank? 2198 1 9 1 Definitely 81 2 Probably 276 3 Probably not 442 4 Definitely not 1318 9 Don't know 81 Borrow from a community group 11. If you needed to, could you borrow as much as a week’s living expenses from: B. A community group? 2198 1 9 1 Definitely 160 2 Probably 474 3 Probably not 517 4 Definitely not 988 9 Don't know 59 Borrow from a friend or relative 11. If you needed to, could you borrow as much as a week’s living expenses from: C. A friend or relative? 2198 1 9 1 Definitely 1038 2 Probably 686 3 Probably not 187 4 Definitely not 283 9 Don't know 4 Count on family 12. If you became seriously ill and needed some help at home, is there anyone you could count on for help, A. In your family? 2198 1 9 1 Definitely 1530 2 probably 450 3 Probably not 91 4 Definitely not 120 9 Don't know 7 Count on outside the family 12. If you became seriously ill and needed some help at home, is there anyone you could count on for help, B. Outside your family? 2198 1 9 1 Definitely 572 2 Probably 818 3 Probably not 394 4 Definitely not 389 9 Don't know 25 Satisfied with own living conditions 13. How satisfied are you with: A. Your own living conditions today? 2198 1 4 1 Not at all satisfied 681 2 Not very satisfied 827 3 Somewhat satisied 612 4 Very satisfied 78 Satisfied with Tanzania's economy 13. How satisfied are you with: B. The condition of the Tanzanian economy today? 2198 1 4 1 Not at all satisfied 769 2 Not very satisfied 926 3 Somewhat satisied 457 4 Very satisfied 46 Satisfied with general situation in the country today 13. How satisfied are you with: C. The general situation in the country today? 2198 1 98 1 Not at all satisfied 707 2 Not very satisfied 835 3 Somewhat satisied 542 4 Very satisfied 113 98 Refused 1 Own living conditions compared to other Tanzanians 14. Would you say that your own living conditions are worse, the same, or better than other Tanzanians? 2198 1 9 1 Much worse 174 2 Worse 610 3 About the same 954 4 Better 391 5 Much better 58 9 Don't know 11 Satisfied with life compared to one year ago 15. When you look at your life today, how satisfied do you feel compared with one year ago? 2198 1 9 1 Much less satisfied 276 2 Slightly less satisfied 537 3 About the same 747 4 Slightly more satisfied 559 5 Much more satified 69 9 Don't know 10 Satisfied with life in one year 16. When you look forward at your life’s prospects, how satisfied do you expect to be in one year’s time? 2198 1 9 1 Much less satisfied 173 2 Slightly less satisfied 271 3 About the same 659 4 Slightly more satisfied 431 5 Much more satified 136 9 Don't know 528 Who responsible for economic conditions 17. When you look forward at your life’s prospects, how satisfied do you expect to be in one year’s time? 2198 1 9 1 Previous government 136 2 Current government 1150 3 IMF/World Bank 85 4 We, the people 455 5 Structural adjustment Programme 39 6 Internal opposition forces 31 7 International economic forces 47 8 Others 157 9 Don't know 98 Most important problems facing you personally 18A. In your view, what are the most important problems facing: A. you personally? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 20 1 AIDS 2 2 Corruption 1 3 5 4 Democracy 0 5 Discrimination/equality 6 6 Economy 471 7 Education 141 8 Electricity 6 9 Environment 3 10 Farming 115 11 Food 150 12 Governance 2 13 Health 311 14 Housing 25 15 Immigration 1 16 Inequality 1 17 Infrastructure 5 18 Job creation 103 19 Labour 5 20 Land 6 21 National unity 0 22 Political violence 0 23 Political tension 0 24 Population explosion 0 25 Poverty/Destitution 377 26 12 27 Rights 2 28 Services (general) 0 29 Sanitation 1 30 Traditional/moral values 1 31 Transportion 14 32 Violence 0 33 Wages 46 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 43 36 Welfare 6 37 Other 37 38 Nothing/No problems 56 39 Development 3 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 67 47 Low agricultural prices 5 48 Problems in marketing goods 42 49 Protection for women 0 50 Drought 5 51 Other social problems 95 52 Tribalism/segregation 0 96 No further answers 4 98 Refused 3 99 Missing data 0 Most important problems facing you personally 18A. In your view, what are the most important problems facing: A. you personally? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 21 1 AIDS 0 2 Corruption 5 3 4 4 Democracy 1 5 Discrimination/equality 6 6 Economy 156 7 Education 123 8 Electricity 12 9 Environment 8 10 Farming 84 11 Food 127 12 Governance 7 13 Health 224 14 Housing 34 15 Immigration 0 16 Inequality 2 17 Infrastructure 8 18 Job creation 46 19 Labour 4 20 Land 10 21 National unity 0 22 Political violence 1 23 Political tension 0 24 Population explosion 1 25 Poverty/Destitution 169 26 23 27 Rights 2 28 Services (general) 1 29 Sanitation 0 30 Traditional/moral values 0 31 Transportion 17 32 Violence 0 33 Wages 14 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 47 36 Welfare 2 37 Other 56 38 Nothing/No problems 44 39 Development 2 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 43 47 Low agricultural prices 13 48 Problems in marketing goods 41 49 Protection for women 1 50 Drought 8 51 Other social problems 82 52 Tribalism/segregation 0 96 No further answers 746 98 Refused 3 99 Missing data 0 Most important problems facing you personally 18A. In your view, what are the most important problems facing: A. you personally? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 20 1 AIDS 1 2 Corruption 3 3 3 4 Democracy 0 5 Discrimination/equality 2 6 Economy 49 7 Education 73 8 Electricity 2 9 Environment 2 10 Farming 44 11 Food 38 12 Governance 2 13 Health 102 14 Housing 21 15 Immigration 0 16 Inequality 1 17 Infrastructure 8 18 Job creation 24 19 Labour 0 20 Land 3 21 National unity 0 22 Political violence 0 23 Political tension 0 24 Population explosion 1 25 Poverty/Destitution 49 26 7 27 Rights 1 28 Services (general) 3 29 Sanitation 0 30 Traditional/moral values 0 31 Transportion 23 32 Violence 0 33 Wages 3 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 51 36 Welfare 0 37 Other 26 38 Nothing/No problems 44 39 Development 0 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 18 47 Low agricultural prices 3 48 Problems in marketing goods 18 49 Protection for women 1 50 Drought 7 51 Other social problems 28 52 Tribalism/segregation 0 96 No further answers 1514 98 Refused 3 99 Missing data 0 Most important problems facing country 18B. your view, what are the most important problems facing: B. the country, which government should address? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 39 1 AIDS 2 2 Corruption 43 3 23 4 Democracy 2 5 Discrimination/equality 11 6 Economy 171 7 Education 202 8 Electricity 32 9 Environment 4 10 Farming 128 11 Food 73 12 Governance 37 13 Health 275 14 Housing 4 15 Immigration 0 16 Inequality 1 17 Infrastructure 110 18 Job creation 134 19 Labour 2 20 Land 5 21 National unity 1 22 Political violence 21 23 Political tension 37 24 Population explosion 0 25 Poverty/Destitution 69 26 57 27 Rights 5 28 Services (general) 12 29 Sanitation 0 30 Traditional/moral values 1 31 Transportion 158 32 Violence 1 33 Wages 8 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 173 36 Welfare 9 37 Other 47 38 Nothing/No problems 9 39 Development 9 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 159 47 Low agricultural prices 20 48 Problems in marketing goods 63 49 Protection for women 8 50 Drought 0 51 Other social problems 21 52 Tribalism/segregation 0 96 no further answers 10 98 Refused 2 99 Missing data 0 Most important problems facing country 18B. your view, what are the most important problems facing: B. the country, which government should address? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 39 1 AIDS 6 2 Corruption 24 3 27 4 Democracy 0 5 Discrimination/equality 5 6 Economy 64 7 Education 213 8 Electricity 58 9 Environment 2 10 Farming 94 11 Food 36 12 Governance 31 13 Health 276 14 Housing 3 15 Immigration 1 16 Inequality 1 17 Infrastructure 80 18 Job creation 58 19 Labour 2 20 Land 2 21 National unity 1 22 Political violence 14 23 Political tension 15 24 Population explosion 1 25 Poverty/Destitution 30 26 40 27 Rights 1 28 Services (general) 7 29 Sanitation 0 30 Traditional/moral values 0 31 Transportion 85 32 Violence 0 33 Wages 2 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 145 36 Welfare 4 37 Other 33 38 Nothing/No problems 6 39 Development 4 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 105 47 Low agricultural prices 18 48 Problems in marketing goods 62 49 Protection for women 4 50 Drought 0 51 Other social problems 17 52 Tribalism/segregation 1 96 No further answers 579 98 Refused 2 99 Missing data 0 Most important problems facing country 18B. your view, what are the most important problems facing: B. the country, which government should address? Respondent could give up to three responses. 2198 0 99 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 39 1 AIDS 8 2 Corruption 19 3 19 4 Democracy 1 5 Discrimination/equality 10 6 Economy 22 7 Education 108 8 Electricity 36 9 Environment 1 10 Farming 48 11 Food 22 12 Governance 13 13 Health 148 14 Housing 6 15 Immigration 0 16 Inequality 2 17 Infrastructure 69 18 Job creation 32 19 Labour 0 20 Land 0 21 National unity 1 22 Political violence 3 23 Political tension 5 24 Population explosion 1 25 Poverty/Destitution 21 26 21 27 Rights 1 28 Services (general) 5 29 Sanitation 0 30 Traditional/moral values 0 31 Transportion 62 32 Violence 0 33 Wages 3 34 War (international) 0 35 Water 83 36 Welfare 2 37 Other 40 38 Nothing/No problems 6 39 Development 3 45 Regional co-operation 0 46 Provide loans 35 47 Low agricultural prices 10 48 Problems in marketing goods 17 49 Protection for women 2 50 Drought 0 51 Other social problems 8 52 Tribalism/segregation 0 96 No further answers 1263 98 Refused 2 99 Missing data 1 Creating jobs 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 823 2 Fairly badly 613 3 Fairly well 578 4 Very well 64 9 Don't know 120 Keeping prices low 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 449 2 Fairly badly 645 3 Fairly well 871 4 Very well 183 9 Don't know 50 Narrowing income gaps between rich and poor 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 820 2 Fairly badly 717 3 Fairly well 498 4 Very well 54 9 Don't know 109 Reducing crime 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 401 2 Fairly badly 389 3 Fairly well 995 4 Very well 398 9 Don't know 15 Addressing educational needs 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 303 2 Fairly badly 586 3 Fairly well 1080 4 Very well 208 9 Don't know 21 Improving health services 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 472 2 Fairly badly 606 3 Fairly well 927 4 Very well 174 9 Don't know 19 Ensuring that all Tanzanians have enough to eat 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 647 2 Fairly badly 637 3 Fairly well 727 4 Very well 139 9 Don't know 48 Preventing the spread of AIDS 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 249 2 Fairly badly 333 3 Fairly well 979 4 Very well 598 9 Don't know 39 Alleviating poverty 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 659 2 Fairly badly 801 3 Fairly well 623 4 Very well 75 9 Don't know 40 Fighting corruption in government 2198 1 9 1 Very badly 555 2 Fairly badly 385 3 Fairly well 827 4 Very well 375 9 Don't know 56 Overall assessment of govt. performance 20. What is your overall assessment of the performance of the current government? 2198 1 9 1 Very bad 87 2 Bad 311 3 Neither bad nor good 841 4 Good 796 5 Very good 136 9 Don't know 27 How long before govt. fulfills its promises 2198 1 9 1 Within two years 126 2 Within four years 327 3 Within eight years 385 4 More than eight years 595 5 Never 399 9 Don't know 366 How long before own living standards meet your expectations 2198 1 9 1 Within two years 241 2 Within four years 361 3 Within eight years 305 4 More than eight years 465 5 Never 228 9 Don't know 598 Get news from radio 22. How often do you get news from: A. the radio? 2198 0 9 0 Never 258 1 Less than once a month 55 2 About once a month 83 3 About once a week 119 4 Several times a week 341 5 Every day 1338 9 Don't know 4 Get news from television 22. How often do you get news from: B. television? 2198 0 9 0 Never 1353 1 Less than once a month 171 2 About once a month 119 3 About once a week 113 4 Several times a week 174 5 Every day 265 9 Don't know 3 Get news from newspapers 22. How often do you get news from: C. Newspapers? 2198 0 9 0 Never 915 1 Less than once a month 249 2 About once a month 227 3 About once a week 251 4 Several times a week 318 5 Every day 236 9 Don't know 2 How interested are you in politics and govt. 23. How interested are you in politics and government? 2198 0 9 0 Not interested 352 1 Somewhat interested 1047 2 Very interested 782 9 Do not know 17 How often do you discuss politics and govt. with people 24. How often do you discuss politics and government with other people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 526 1 Sometimes 1005 2 Often 653 9 Don't know 14 Name of of chairman 25A. Can you tell me the name of the Chairman of the Local Government Council in this area? 2198 0 9 0 Incorrect 187 1 Correct 852 9 Don't know 1159 Name of member of parliament 25B. Can you tell me the name of the Member of Parliament in this area? 2198 0 9 0 Incorrect 75 1 Correct 171 9 Don't know 1952 Name of regional commissioner 25C. Can you tell me the name of the Regional Commissioner of this region? 2198 0 9 0 Incorrect 77 1 Correct 1022 9 Don't know 1099 Name of minister of finance 25D. Can you tell me the name of the Minister of Finance? 2198 0 9 0 Incorrect 192 1 Correct 584 9 Don't know 1422 Name of vice-president 25E. Can you tell me the name of the Vice President? 2198 0 9 0 Incorrect 205 1 Correct 1146 9 Don't know 847 Religious organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 231 1 Inactive member 151 2 Active member 1651 3 Official leader 165 Sport and recreation organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2017 1 Inactive member 28 2 Active member 140 3 Official leader 13 Educational organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2042 1 Inactive member 19 2 Active member 114 3 Official leader 23 Trade union / farmer's organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 1826 1 Inactive member 60 2 Active member 294 3 Official leader 18 Professional or business association 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2078 1 Inactive member 13 2 Active member 102 3 Official leader 5 Community development association 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2035 1 Inactive member 17 2 Active member 119 3 Official leader 27 Women's organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 1919 1 Inactive member 24 2 Active member 214 3 Official leader 41 Pro-democracy or human rights organization 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2135 1 Inactive member 12 2 Active member 39 3 Official leader 12 Environmental association 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2061 1 Inactive member 15 2 Active member 110 3 Official leader 12 Other 2198 0 3 0 Not a member 2147 1 Inactive member 5 2 Active member 33 3 Official leader 13 Influence others vs do not influence The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 29 by saying, “I am now going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Influence others: Agree strongly 758 2 Influence others: Agree somewhat 591 3 Do not Influence: Agree somewhat 218 4 Do not influence: Agree strongly 303 5 Don't agree with either 285 9 Don't know 43 Govt. too complicated VS understand govt. The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 29 by saying, “I am now going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Government too compIicated: Agree strongly 725 2 Government too complicated: Agree somewhat 383 3 Understand government: Agree somewhat 524 4 Understand government: Agree strongly 494 5 Don't agree with either 41 9 Don't know 31 Can make elected representatives listen VS don't listen The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 29 by saying, “I am now going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Representatives listen: Agree strongly 1149 2 Representatives listen: Agree somewhat 561 3 Representatives don't listen: Agree somewhat 184 4 Representatives don't listen: Agree strongly 231 5 Don't agree with either 47 9 Don't know 26 Respect for authority VS question leaders The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 29 by saying, “I am now going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Respect for authority: Agree strongly 241 2 Respect for authority: Agree somewhat 170 3 Question leaders: Agree somewhat 384 4 Question leaders: Agree strongly 1355 5 Don't agree with either 32 9 Don't know 16 What does democracy mean to you 31. What, if anything, does democracy mean to you? Interviewer could prompt if necessary, “When you hear the word “democracy,” what is the first thing that comes to your mind?” The English word “democracy” was always used, whether the rest of the question was in English or Swahili. 2198 0 101 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 321 1 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 814 2 Voting / electoral choice / multiparty competition 257 3 Social / economic development 79 4 Government by the people / of the people / for the people 54 5 Peace / Unity 92 6 Governance / effectiveness / accountability 59 7 Equality / justice 156 8 Rule of law 16 9 Personal security 2 10 National independence 7 11 Majority rule 25 12 Group rights and freedoms / freedoms 15 13 Power-sharing /unity of gov 4 14 Government to provide civic education 17 19 Other positive meanings 190 20 Conflict / confusion 6 21 Corruption / abuse of power 0 22 Social / economic hardship 1 23 Government of the rich 0 24 Bad / poor govt. / weak implementation 0 25 Colonialism, foreign concept / domination 1 29 Other negative meanings 3 80 Nothing 2 81 Democracy meanings 0 82 Too afraid to give opinion 0 83 Does not matter 4 91 Civilian politics / government 1 92 Change of gov / leadership / laws 1 94 Never heard of democracy 0 95 Other null / neutral meanings 29 96 No further answer 12 98 Refused / won't explain 16 99 Missing data 0 101 Other 14 What does democracy mean to you 31. What, if anything, does democracy mean to you? Interviewer could prompt if necessary, “When you hear the word “democracy,” what is the first thing that comes to your mind?” The English word “democracy” was always used, whether the rest of the question was in English or Swahili. 2198 0 101 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 320 1 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 164 2 Voting / electoral choice / multiparty competition 137 3 Social / economic development 35 4 Government by the people / of the people / for the people 4 5 Peace / Unity 27 6 Governance / effectiveness / accountability 18 7 Equality / justice 75 8 Rule of law 10 9 Personal security 3 10 National independence 2 11 Majority rule 12 12 Group rights and freedoms / freedoms 6 13 Power-sharing /unity of gov 1 14 Government to provide civic education 5 19 Other positive meanings 64 20 Conflict / confusion 0 21 Corruption / abuse of power 0 22 Social / economic hardship 1 23 Government of the rich 0 24 Bad / poor govt. / weak implementation 0 25 Colonialism, foreign concept / domination 0 29 Other negative meanings 0 80 Nothing 0 81 Democracy meanings 0 82 Too afraid to give opinion 0 83 Does not matter 2 91 Civilian politics / government 0 92 Change of government / leadership / laws 0 94 Never heard of democracy 0 95 Other null / neutral meanings 5 96 No further answer 1288 98 Refused / won't explain 16 99 Missing data 0 101 Other 3 What does democracy mean to you 31. What, if anything, does democracy mean to you? Interviewer could prompt if necessary, “When you hear the word “democracy,” what is the first thing that comes to your mind?” The English word “democracy” was always used, whether the rest of the question was in English or Swahili. 2198 0 98 0 Don't know, can't / unable to explain 320 1 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 34 2 Voting / electoral choice / multiparty competition 45 3 Social / economic development 11 4 Government by the people / of the people / for the people 7 5 Peace / Unity 12 6 Governance / effectiveness / accountability 7 7 Equality / justice 24 8 Rule of law 6 9 Personal security 4 10 National independence 1 11 Majority rule 5 12 Group rights and freedoms / freedoms 4 13 Power-sharing /unity of gov 0 14 Government to provide civic education 0 19 Other positive meanings 39 20 Conflict / confusion 1 21 Corruption / abuse of power 0 22 Social / economic hardship 0 23 Government of the rich 0 24 Bad / poor govt. / weak implementation 0 25 Colonialism, foreign concept / domination 0 29 Other negative meanings 0 80 Nothing 0 81 Democracy meanings 0 82 Too afraid to give opinion 0 83 Does not matter 2 91 Civilian politics / government 0 92 Change of government / leadership / laws 0 94 Never heard of democracy 0 95 Other null / neutral meanings 2 96 No further answer 1658 98 Refused / won't explain 16 99 Missing data 0 101 Other 0 Majority rule 2198 1 9 1 Very important 678 2 Important 346 3 Not very important 707 4 Not at all important 414 9 Don't know 53 Anyone is free to criticise the govt. 2198 1 9 1 Very important 1006 2 Important 573 3 Not very important 396 4 Not at all important 182 9 Don't know 41 Elections are held regularly 2198 1 99 1 Very important 698 2 Important 327 3 Not very important 714 4 Not at all important 416 9 Don't know 42 99 Missing data 1 At least two political parties compete 2198 1 9 1 Very important 879 2 Important 538 3 Not very important 451 4 Not at all important 293 9 Don't know 37 Everyone enjoys basic necessities 2198 1 9 1 Very important 1558 2 Important 454 3 Not very important 112 4 Not at all important 42 9 Don't know 32 Job for everyone 2198 1 9 1 Very important 1203 2 Important 495 3 Not very important 326 4 Not at all important 140 9 Don't know 34 Education for everyone 2198 1 9 1 Very important 1581 2 Important 486 3 Not very important 75 4 Not at all important 29 9 Don't know 27 A small income gap between rich and poor 2198 1 9 1 Very important 1045 2 Important 586 3 Not very important 390 4 Not at all important 121 9 Don't know 56 How much of a democracy is Tanzania today 33. In your opinion, how much of a democracy is Tanzania today? 2198 0 9 0 Not a democracy 173 1 Major problems, but still a democracy 581 2 Minor problems, but still a democracy 722 3 Full democracy 365 8 Not applicable 315 9 Don't know 42 Support for democracy 2198 1 98 1 Democracy is preferable to any other form of govt 1847 2 A non-democractic govt can be preferable 251 3 Does not matter 98 98 Refused 2 No expression of different views VS allow differences The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 No expression of different views: Agree strongly 238 2 No expression of different views: Agree somewhat 141 3 Allow differences: Agree somewhat 254 4 Allow differences: Agree strongly 1531 5 Don't agree with either 23 9 Don't know 11 Everyone votes VS only educated vote The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 All vote: Agree strongly 1592 2 All vote: Agree somewhat 238 3 Educated vote: Agree somewhat 94 4 Educated vote: Agree strongly 236 5 Don't agree with either 35 9 Don't know 3 President should be able to changeConstitution VS obey Constitution The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 President change constitution: Agree strongly 68 2 President change constitution: Agree somewhat 36 3 President obey constitution: Agree somewhat 231 4 President obey constitution: Agree strongly 1848 5 Don't agree with either 8 9 Don't know 7 Use violence for political goals VS violence never justified The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 98 1 Use violence: Strongly Agree 264 2 Use violence: Somewhat agree 139 3 Violence never justified: Somewhat agree 298 4 Violence never justified: Strongly agree 1467 5 Don't agree with either 23 9 Don't know 6 98 Refused 1 Family members agree on politics VS differences in family OK The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 5 1 Family members agree on politics: Agree strongly 498 2 Family members agree on politics: Agree somewhat 102 3 Differences in family okay: Agree somewhat 274 4 Differences in family okay: Agree strongly 1320 5 Don't agree with either 4 9 Don't know 0 Equal rights for women VS women subject to traditional laws The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 35 by saying, “Now we will return to pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose statement A or Statement B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Equal rights: Agree strong 1669 2 Equal rights: Agree somewhat 239 3 Traditional law: Agree somewhat 74 4 Traditional law: Agree strongly 203 5 Don't agree with either 12 9 Don't know 1 Rate present system of govt with elections and many parties 2198 1 98 1 293 2 106 3 96 4 75 5 182 6 107 7 138 8 195 9 194 10 811 98 Refused 1 Rate former system of one party rule 2198 1 98 1 538 2 137 3 153 4 147 5 302 6 80 7 74 8 84 9 76 10 606 98 Refused 1 Rate former colonial system (of British rule) 2198 1 98 1 1723 2 244 3 86 4 30 5 45 6 19 7 13 8 13 9 4 10 20 98 Refused 1 Rate old system of govt by traditional rulers 2198 1 98 1 1177 2 265 3 241 4 171 5 168 6 48 7 25 8 29 9 13 10 60 98 Refused 1 Rate system of govt you expect in 5 years 2198 1 99 1 306 2 67 3 44 4 48 5 215 6 107 7 150 8 223 9 228 10 806 98 Refused 3 99 Missing data 1 People are free to say what they think 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 87 2 Somewhat Worse 140 3 No Change 218 4 Somewhat Better 800 5 Much Better 943 9 Don't know 10 People can join any organization they want 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 32 2 Somewhat Worse 80 3 No Change 288 4 Somewhat Better 753 5 Much Better 1027 9 Don't know 18 People can freely choose who to vote for 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 67 2 Somewhat Worse 76 3 No Change 295 4 Somewhat Better 600 5 Much Better 1144 9 Don't know 16 Ordinary people can influence govt. 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 350 2 Somewhat Worse 279 3 No Change 668 4 Somewhat Better 559 5 Much Better 292 9 Don't know 50 Everybody is treated equally and fairly by govt. 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 295 2 Somewhat Worse 304 3 No Change 622 4 Somewhat Better 622 5 Much Better 311 9 Don't know 44 People have an adequate standard of living 2198 1 9 1 Much Worse 587 2 Somewhat Worse 356 3 No Change 578 4 Somewhat Better 547 5 Much Better 106 9 Don't know 24 Get rid of elections so strong leader can decide everything 2198 1 99 1 Strongly Disagree 1548 2 Disagree 473 3 Agree 83 4 Strongly agree 79 9 Don't know 14 99 Missing data 1 Should have only one political party 2198 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 965 2 Disagree 388 3 Agree 233 4 Strongly agree 601 9 Don't know 11 The army should come in to govern 2198 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 1775 2 Disagree 331 3 Agree 42 4 Strongly agree 43 9 Don't know 7 The most important decisions should be left to experts 2198 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 369 2 Disagree 355 3 Agree 671 4 Strongly agree 770 9 Don't know 33 All decisions should be made by a Council of traditional rulers 2198 1 9 1 Strongly Disagree 1259 2 Disagree 695 3 Agree 160 4 Strongly agree 58 9 Don't know 26 Satisfaction with democracy 44. how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Tanzania? 2198 0 9 0 Tanzania is not a democracy 52 1 Very Dissatisfied 141 2 Somewhat dissatisfied 289 3 Somewhat satisfied 1062 4 Very satisfied 311 8 Not applicable 315 9 Don't know 28 Patience to deal with inherited problems VS try another form The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 45 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Patience: Agree strongly 1112 2 Patience: Agree somewhat 461 3 Try another form: Agree somewhat 193 4 Try another form: Agree Strongly 314 5 Don't agree with either 95 9 Don't know 23 Trust most people 46. Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Most people can be trusted 208 2 You must be very careful 1963 9 Don't know 27 Trust your relatives Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 36 2 I distrust them somewhat 144 3 I trust them somewhat 893 4 I trust them a lot 1123 9 Don't know 2 Trust your neighbours Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 95 2 I distrust them somewhat 260 3 I trust them somewhat 1378 4 I trust them a lot 460 9 Don't know 5 Trust someone in your tribe Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 104 2 I distrust them somewhat 402 3 I trust them somewhat 1348 4 I trust them a lot 316 9 Don't know 28 Trust Tanzanians from other tribes Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 207 2 I distrust them somewhat 479 3 I trust them somewhat 1247 4 I trust them a lot 230 9 Don't know 35 Trust president Mkapa Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust him at all 102 2 I distrust him somewhat 137 3 I trust him somewhat 662 4 I trust him a lot 1286 9 Don't know 11 Trust traditional rulers Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 512 2 I distrust them somewhat 452 3 I trust them somewhat 813 4 I trust them a lot 303 9 Don't know 118 Trust local government Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 141 2 I distrust them somewhat 316 3 I trust them somewhat 1142 4 I trust them a lot 584 9 Don't know 15 Trust the police Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 429 2 I distrust them somewhat 419 3 I trust them somewhat 900 4 I trust them a lot 444 9 Don't know 6 Trust law courts Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 244 2 I distrust them somewhat 364 3 I trust them somewhat 1008 4 I trust them a lot 564 9 Don't know 18 Trust political parties Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 229 2 I distrust them somewhat 498 3 I trust them somewhat 1072 4 I trust them a lot 378 9 Don't know 21 Trust the army Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 47 2 I distrust them somewhat 93 3 I trust them somewhat 610 4 I trust them a lot 1438 9 Don't know 10 Trust National Assembly (Parliament) Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 71 2 I distrust them somewhat 131 3 I trust them somewhat 788 4 I trust them a lot 1193 9 Don't know 15 Trust Electoral Commission Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 182 2 I distrust them somewhat 211 3 I trust them somewhat 793 4 I trust them a lot 978 9 Don't know 34 Trust national broadcaster RTD Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 99 2 I distrust them somewhat 172 3 I trust them somewhat 859 4 I trust them a lot 1027 9 Don't know 41 Trust churches Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 161 2 I distrust them somewhat 98 3 I trust them somewhat 495 4 I trust them a lot 1342 9 Don't know 102 Trust mosques Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 109 2 I distrust them somewhat 125 3 I trust them somewhat 558 4 I trust them a lot 1231 9 Don't know 175 Trust trade unions and farmers' organizations Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 83 2 I distrust them somewhat 296 3 I trust them somewhat 980 4 I trust them a lot 647 9 Don't know 192 Trust NGOs Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 88 2 I distrust them somewhat 250 3 I trust them somewhat 990 4 I trust them a lot 691 9 Don't know 179 Trust banks Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 48 2 I distrust them somewhat 164 3 I trust them somewhat 848 4 I trust them a lot 1028 9 Don't know 110 Trust businesses Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 98 2 I distrust them somewhat 290 3 I trust them somewhat 978 4 I trust them a lot 718 9 Don't know 114 Throwing rubbish in public places Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 262 1 Occasionally 679 2 Most of the time 464 3 Always 759 9 Don't know 34 Disregarding traffic signs and lights Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 418 1 Occasionally 677 2 Most of the time 523 3 Always 419 9 Don't know 161 Selling goods without trader's license Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 203 1 Occasionally 907 2 Most of the time 649 3 Always 347 9 Don't know 92 Not paying for services like piped water Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 550 1 Occasionally 783 2 Most of the time 375 3 Always 194 9 Don't know 296 Evading income taxes Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 229 1 Occasionally 876 2 Most of the time 553 3 Always 419 9 Don't know 121 Offering bribes to public servants Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2198 0 9 0 Never 138 1 Occasionally 561 2 Most of the time 580 3 Always 824 9 Don't know 95 Heard about Structural Adjustment Programme 51. Have you ever heard about Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP)? Interviewer prompted when necessary with "You know, the reforms to the economy introduced in the 1980s." If no, skip to Question 54 2198 0 1 0 No 1665 1 Yes 533 What is a SAP supposed to do 52. What, in your opinion, is the Structural Adjustment Programme supposed to do? This was an open-ended question. Responses were recorded verbatim and given codes afterward. 2198 0 97 0 Don't know 23 1 Improve the economy 163 2 Improve living conditions 102 3 Increase jobs / productivity 55 4 Stabilization and fiscal balance 12 5 Reform economic institutions 42 6 Provide govt. services 9 7 Make goods available 4 8 To bring the country together 1 9 Self reliance 1 10 Other positive responses 65 11 Increase investment 10 12 Reduce inflation 3 13 Hardwork 21 14 Develop our natural resources 4 15 Promote financial transparency 2 16 Protect people's health 0 31 Bring hardship and difficulty 3 32 Benefit the rich 0 33 Devaluation of currency 0 34 Increase inflation 0 35 Corruption, looting, etc., 1 97 Not applicable 1677 How satisfied or unsatisfied are you with SAP 53. How satisfied or unsatisfied are you with the SAP? 2198 0 9 0 Not applicable 1677 1 Very unsatisfied 63 2 Unsatisfied 173 3 Neutral 56 4 Satisfied 163 5 Very satisfied 45 9 Don't know 21 It's not wise to plan ahead VS always plan ahead The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Don't plan ahead: Agree strongly 241 2 Don't plan ahead: Agree somewhat 172 3 Plan ahead: Agree somewhat 399 4 Plan ahead: Agree strongly 1299 5 Don't agree with either 54 9 Don't know 33 People responsible for selves VS Govt. responsible for people's well-being The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 People responsible: Agree strongly 754 2 People responsible: Agree somewhat 329 3 Govt. responsible: Agree somewhat 219 4 Govt. responsible: Agree strongly 851 5 Don't agree with either 43 9 Don't know 2 People create their own jobs VS Govt. provide jobs for all The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 People provide: Agree strongly 1004 2 Peolple provide: Agree somewhat 454 3 Govt. provide: Agree somewhat 149 4 Govt. provide: Agree strongly 513 5 Don't agree with either 73 9 Don't know 5 Free to earn VS Govt. limits rich earnings The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 99 1 Free to earn: Agree strongly 1253 2 Free to earn: Agree somewhat 394 3 Govt. limits: Agree somewhat 142 4 Govt. limits: Agree strongly 312 5 Don't agree with either 82 9 Don't know 14 99 Missing data 1 Community should own land VS individuals own land The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Community owns: Agree strongly 315 2 Community owns: Agree somewhat 129 3 Individuals own: Agree somewhat 327 4 Individuals own: Agree strongly 1370 5 Don't agree with either 52 9 Don't know 5 Govt. laws/policies change often VS laws/policies stable The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 54-59 by saying, “I am going to give you several pairs of statements. Please tell me which one you agree with most. Choose Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Policies change often: Agree strongly 600 2 Policies change often: Agree somewhat 292 3 Policies stable: Agree somewhat 328 4 Policies stable: Agree strongly 630 5 Don't agree with either 200 9 Don't know 148 Protecting nation's borders 2198 1 9 1 Government 1683 2 Private Business 8 3 People 83 4 Combination 421 9 Don't know 3 Building your house 2198 1 9 1 Government 47 2 Private Business 130 3 People 1975 4 Combination 44 9 Don't know 2 Extending agricultural credit 2198 1 9 1 Government 1880 2 Private Business 47 3 People 24 4 Combination 234 9 Don't know 13 Producing and marketing cotton 2198 1 9 1 Government 1150 2 Private Business 149 3 People 201 4 Combination 673 9 Don't know 25 Selling consumer goods 2198 1 9 1 Government 342 2 Private Business 779 3 People 453 4 Combination 617 9 Don't know 7 Providing schools and clinics 2198 1 9 1 Government 941 2 Private Business 12 3 People 198 4 Combination 1045 9 Don't know 2 Creating jobs 2198 1 9 1 Government 1312 2 Private Business 25 3 People 122 4 Combination 734 9 Don't know 5 Reducing crime 2198 1 9 1 Government 1234 2 Private Business 3 3 People 120 4 Combination 836 9 Don't know 5 Goods available with high prices VS Shortage of goods with low prices The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Goods available: Agree strongly 1175 2 Goods available: Agree somewhat 364 3 Low prices: Agree somewhat 138 4 Low prices: Agree strongly 428 5 Don't agree with either 85 9 Don't know 8 Free education even if quality is low VS pay school fees for high standards The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Free education: Agree strongly 257 2 Free education: Agree somewhat 105 3 Fees: Agree somewhat 375 4 Fees: Agree strongly 1413 5 Don't agree with either 45 9 Don't know 3 Civil servants should keep jobs VS Govt. should lay off some of them The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Civil servants keep: Agree strongly 462 2 Civil servants keep: Agree somewhat 201 3 Lay some off: Agree somewhat 466 4 Lay some off: Agree strongly 821 5 Don't agree with either 185 9 Don't know 63 Govt. ownership of businesses, farms etc. VS privatization The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Government ownership: Agree strongly 905 2 Government ownership: Agree somewhat 266 3 Privatization: Agree somewhat 279 4 Privatization: Agree strongly 704 5 Don't agree with either 28 9 Don't know 16 Encourage foreign investment VS be wary of foreign investors The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Encourage foreign investment: Agree strongly 498 2 Encourage foreign investment: Agree somewhat 192 3 Be wary: Agree somewhat 225 4 Be wary: Agree strongly 1245 5 Don't agree with either 25 9 Don't know 13 Abandon reform because costs high VS accept hardship now The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Abandon reform: Agree strongly 540 2 Abandon reform: Agree somewhat 307 3 Accept hardships: Agree somewhat 344 4 Accept hardships: Agree strongly 799 5 Don't agree with either 149 9 Don't know 59 Govt. eco. policies helped most VS hurt most The interviewer introduced the pair of statements in question 61-67 by saying, “Once again, please choose whether you agree most with Statement A or B.” Then, the interviewer probed for strength of opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Help most: Agree strongly 478 2 Help most: Agree somewhat 256 3 Hurt most: Agree somewhat 243 4 Hurt most: Agree strongly 1058 5 Don't agree with either 87 9 Don't know 76 Group which benefits most from government economic policies 68. In your opinion, which group has benefited most? Answer if respondent chooses 67B; Questionnaire asked for regions to be specified if respondent answered 4= People in selected regions of Tanzania and if 5=Other was answered for respondent to specify. 2198 1 97 1 People close to govt. 983 2 Foreign businesses 174 3 Rural dwellers 2 4 People in selected regions of Tanzania 36 5 Other 90 9 Don't know 16 97 Not applicable 897 Registered as voter in the October 2000 elections 69. Did you register as a voter in the October 2000 elections? 2198 0 2 0 Did not register because I choose not to 59 1 Wanted to register but was unable to 160 2 I registered to vote 1979 If not registered, WHY NOT? 70. [If not registered] Why not? Answer this if not registered. If respondent is registered, select 0=not applicable. 2198 0 10 0 Not applicable 1978 1 Missed registration 40 2 Ill health 61 3 Absent from area 48 4 Registration process not credible 2 5 Did not have required documents 3 6 under 18 years during registration 16 7 Not interested in voting 19 8 Otherwise engaged 11 9 Encountered difficulties during registration 9 10 Other 11 Voted in Presidential election If necessary, interviewer prompted with “That is, the last elections for President.” 2198 0 1 0 No 278 1 Yes 1920 Voted in Local Government and National Assembly elections If necessary, interviewer prompted with “That is, the last elections for Parliament.” 2198 0 1 0 No 288 1 Yes 1910 Voted in neighbourhood, hamlet and 1999 National Assembly elections 2198 0 97 0 No 323 1 Yes 1731 97 Not applicable 144 What is member of parliament supposed to do 72. What in your opinion is a member of parliament supposed to do? Question was open ended. Responses were recorded verbatim and coded afterwards. 2198 0 99 0 Don't know 137 1 Don't know what a deputy is 2 2 Write/defend the constitution 31 3 Vote laws 6 4 Ensure progress/save the country 14 5 Represent/defend the population 507 6 Help/do what the govt wants him to 5 7 Work for the well-being (of the family) 5 8 Give opinions/lie 0 9 Help to create jobs 1 10 Search for the means/develop their community 511 11 Help village/community to have social infrastructure 17 12 Break the isolation regions/villages by providing services 3 13 Promote agriculture/food self sufficiency 7 16 Parcel out the villages/land 0 17 Bring public opinion to the attention of the govt 401 18 Sortir a la tele 0 19 Play the role she was elected for 165 20 Deal with the protection of children 0 21 Gather in consideration of a vote 0 22 Bring community problems to govt's attention 328 23 Advise the Head of State/work for the state/elect the Pres 4 24 Inform the people on govt position 6 25 Guide mayor/help party 17 26 Manage govt/public interest 8 27 Give money or other help 9 28 Do nothing/personal interest 0 29 Propogate disorder 0 30 Cause expenditures 2 31 Educate the population 5 32 Promote women 0 98 Refused 6 99 Missing data 1 How honest or dishonest were the Presidential elections of October 2000? 73. In your opinion, how honest or dishonest were the Presidential elections of October 2000? 2198 1 9 1 Very dishonest 141 2 Somewhat dishonest 244 3 Quite honest 645 4 Very honest 1093 9 Don't know 75 Satisfaction with performance of member of parliament 2198 1 9 1 Very unsatisfied 348 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 457 3 Somewhat satisfied 766 4 Very satisfied 513 9 Don't know 114 Satisfaction with performance of Regional Commissioner 2198 1 9 1 Very unsatisfied 178 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 288 3 Somewhat satisfied 950 4 Very satisfied 690 9 Don't know 92 Satisfaction with performance of the Chairman of Local Government Council 2198 1 9 1 Very unsatisfied 193 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 340 3 Somewhat satisfied 924 4 Very satisfied 550 9 Don't know 191 Satisfaction with performance of judges/lawyers 2198 0 9 0 Not applicable 1628 1 Very unsatisfied 100 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 68 3 Somewhat satisfied 171 4 Very satisfied 89 9 Don't know 142 Satisfaction with performance of political parties 2198 1 9 1 Very unsatisfied 257 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 574 3 Somewhat satisfied 1001 4 Very satisfied 313 9 Don't know 53 Satisfaction with performance of the President 2198 1 9 1 Very unsatisfied 109 2 Somewhat unsatisfied 139 3 Somewhat satisfied 612 4 Very satisfied 1326 9 Don't know 12 How often attend community meeting 2198 0 3 0 Never 577 1 Only once 101 2 Sometimes 739 3 Often 781 How often get together with others to raise an issue 2198 0 3 0 Never 918 1 Only once 124 2 Sometimes 642 3 Often 514 How often attend election rally 2198 0 3 0 Never 746 1 Only once 151 2 Sometimes 739 3 Often 562 How often worked for a political candidate or party 2198 0 3 0 Never 1733 1 Only once 63 2 Sometimes 227 3 Often 175 How often signed a petition 2198 0 3 0 Never 1952 1 Only once 111 2 Sometimes 110 3 Often 25 How often written a letter to a newspaper 2198 0 3 0 Never 2135 1 Only once 28 2 Sometimes 30 3 Often 5 How often attended a demonstration 2198 0 3 0 Never 1948 1 Only once 30 2 Sometimes 164 3 Often 56 How often contacted a traditional ruler for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1934 1 Only once 64 2 Sometimes 157 3 Often 43 How often contacted a Local Government Councilor for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1569 1 Only once 111 2 Sometimes 360 3 Often 158 How often contacted a member of parliament for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1934 1 Only once 53 2 Sometimes 150 3 Often 61 How often contacted a member of Zanzibar House of Representatives 2198 0 3 0 Never 2181 1 Only once 4 2 Sometimes 8 3 Often 5 How often contacted a government official for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 2005 1 Only once 33 2 Sometimes 134 3 Often 26 How often contacted a political party official for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1905 1 Only once 43 2 Sometimes 159 3 Often 91 How often contacted a religious leader for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1151 1 Only once 85 2 Sometimes 513 3 Often 449 How often contacted some other influential person for help 2198 0 3 0 Never 1645 1 Only once 55 2 Sometimes 326 3 Often 172 Why contacted a leader or attended community meeting 77. On those occasions that you contacted a leader or attended a community meeting, what was your main reason for doing so? 2198 0 7 0 Not applicable 204 1 To get a job or advance my career 64 2 To get help for a personal or family matter 680 3 To work with others 99 4 To help unify our community 144 5 To do my duty as a citizen 499 6 To help bring services or opportunies to our community 475 7 Other 33 Constituion expresses the values and aspirations of the Tanzanian people 78A. Our constitution expresses the values and aspirations of the Tanzanian people. Interviewer prompted with " Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 221 2 Disagree 350 3 Agree 975 4 Strongly agree 533 9 Don't know 119 Government exercises power in an acceptable way 78B. Our government exercises power in an acceptable way. Interviewer prompted with " Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 176 2 Disagree 407 3 Agree 995 4 Strongly agree 574 9 Don't know 46 Government has right to make decisions that all people abide by 78C. Our government has the right to make decisions that all people have to abide by, whether or not they agree with them. Interviewer prompted with " Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 545 2 Disagree 643 3 Agree 593 4 Strongly agree 389 9 Don't know 28 Government was elected to power by accepted procedures 78D. Our government was elected to power by accepted procedures. Interviewer prompted with " Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 101 2 Disagree 193 3 Agree 930 4 Strongly agree 911 9 Don't know 63 Do if told what religion to follow 2198 0 9 0 Nothing 568 1 Contact an elected representative 474 2 Support an opposition party 83 3 Join a protest or boycott 423 7 Other 495 8 Support the government 107 9 Don't know 48 Do if stopped from travelling freely 2198 0 9 0 Nothing 734 1 Contact an elected representative 546 2 Support an opposition party 98 3 Join a protest or boycott 319 7 Other 279 8 Support the government 174 9 Don't know 48 Do if newspapers critical of govt. shut down 2198 0 9 0 Nothing 1006 1 Contact an elected representative 305 2 Support an opposition party 121 3 Join a protest or boycott 168 7 Other 203 8 Support the government 307 9 Don't know 88 Do if judges who ruled against the govt. dismissed 2198 0 9 0 Nothing 1092 1 Contact an elected representative 276 2 Support an opposition party 118 3 Join a protest or boycott 162 7 Other 189 8 Support the government 235 9 Don't know 126 Do if National Assembly suspended and elections cancelled 2198 0 9 0 Nothing 1012 1 Contact an elected representative 356 2 Support an opposition party 143 3 Join a protest or boycott 202 7 Other 195 8 Support the government 161 9 Don't know 129 Easy or difficult to obtain birth certicate 2198 1 9 1 Very easy 538 2 Easy 675 3 Difficult 553 4 Very difficult 191 9 Don't know 241 Easy or difficult to obtain place in primary school 2198 1 9 1 Very easy 974 2 Easy 809 3 Difficult 319 4 Very difficult 47 9 Don't know 49 Easy or difficult to obtain a voter registration card 2198 1 9 1 Very easy 1484 2 Easy 597 3 Difficult 42 4 Very difficult 51 9 Don't know 24 Easy or diffiult to obtain electricity connection 2198 1 9 1 Very easy 72 2 Easy 165 3 Difficult 642 4 Very difficult 1084 9 Don't know 235 Easy or difficult to obtain telephone/cell phone 2198 1 97 1 Very easy 89 2 Easy 198 3 Difficult 615 4 Very difficult 1001 9 Don't know 294 97 Not applicable 1 Reason for difficulty in obtaining birth certificate 2198 1 9 1 High cost 154 2 Long time 294 3 Both 269 8 Not applicable 1454 9 Don't know 27 Reason for difficulty in obtaining place in primary school 2198 1 9 1 High cost 255 2 Long time 58 3 Both 48 8 Not applicable 1831 9 Don't know 6 Reason for difficulty in obtaining voter registration card 2198 1 9 1 High cost 2 2 Long time 85 3 Both 5 8 Not applicable 2105 9 Don't know 1 Reason for difficulty in obtaining electricity connection 2198 1 9 1 High cost 599 2 Long time 96 3 Both 1015 8 Not applicable 472 9 Don't know 16 Reason for difficulty in obtaining telephone/cell phone 2198 1 9 1 High cost 607 2 Long time 110 3 Both 884 8 Not applicable 581 9 Don't know 16 Careful of what say about politics 81A. In this country, you must be very careful of what you say or do with regard to politics. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 58 2 Disagree 163 3 Agree 853 4 Strongly agree 1098 9 Don't know 26 Need contacts to get ahead 81B. The best way to get ahead in this life is to have contacts with important people in high places. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 289 2 Disagree 528 3 Agree 675 4 Strongly agree 682 9 Don't know 24 Politicians and civil servants try to look after interests of people like me 81C. Politicians and civil servants are trying their best to look after the interests of people like me. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 473 2 Disagree 587 3 Agree 793 4 Strongly agree 295 9 Don't know 50 President will fight corruption even if friends are involved 81D. Rather than protecting his friends, the President will fight corruption wherever he finds it. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 233 2 Disagree 320 3 Agree 759 4 Strongly agree 831 9 Don't know 55 Bribery not common among public officials 81E. Bribery is not common among public officials in Tanzania. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 714 2 Disagree 786 3 Agree 428 4 Strongly agree 191 9 Don't know 79 President's region gets more services than others 81F. The President's region of the country gets more government services than any other region. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 585 2 Disagree 625 3 Agree 337 4 Strongly agree 262 9 Don't know 389 Corruption was worse under one party government 81G. Corruption was a worse problem under the old single party government than these days. Interviewer prompted with "Please say whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 730 2 Disagree 632 3 Agree 467 4 Strongly agree 226 9 Don't know 143 Give bribe, gift, or do favour for services to which you are entitled 82. How often, if ever, have you been required to give a bribe, a gift, a favor or anything else in return for getting something you were entitled to? 2198 0 3 0 Never 1295 1 Once 176 2 A few times 403 3 Often 324 Corruption among elected leaders 2198 1 9 1 Very common 419 2 Fairly common 584 3 Fairly rare 535 4 Very rare 538 9 Don't know 122 Corruption among civil servants 2198 1 9 1 Very common 606 2 Fairly common 763 3 Fairly rare 450 4 Very rare 288 9 Don't know 91 Corruption among the police 2198 1 9 1 Very common 1169 2 Fairly common 591 3 Fairly rare 214 4 Very rare 146 9 Don't know 78 Corruption among custom agents 2198 1 9 1 Very common 624 2 Fairly common 528 3 Fairly rare 328 4 Very rare 288 9 Don't know 430 Corruption among judges 2198 1 9 1 Very common 509 2 Fairly common 470 3 Fairly rare 442 4 Very rare 341 9 Don't know 436 Corruption among Tanzanian businessmen 2198 1 9 1 Very common 470 2 Fairly common 593 3 Fairly rare 467 4 Very rare 369 9 Don't know 299 Corruption among foreign businessmen 2198 1 9 1 Very common 407 2 Fairly common 468 3 Fairly rare 397 4 Very rare 395 9 Don't know 531 Corruption among teachers 2198 1 9 1 Very common 119 2 Fairly common 229 3 Fairly rare 433 4 Very rare 1277 9 Don't know 140 Corruption among churches 2198 1 9 1 Very common 20 2 Fairly common 25 3 Fairly rare 164 4 Very rare 1720 9 Don't know 269 Corruption among women's organizations 2198 1 9 1 Very common 58 2 Fairly common 93 3 Fairly rare 303 4 Very rare 1127 9 Don't know 617 Past two years been attacked or robbed 2198 0 3 0 No one 1322 1 Friends 646 2 Family members 92 3 Yourself 138 Past two years home broken into and something stolen 2198 0 3 0 No one 895 1 Friends 900 2 Family members 127 3 Yourself 276 What should a person do who is waiting for government permit 85. What should a person do who is waiting for a government permit if a government official says "just be patient?" 2198 1 99 1 Don't worry, just wait permit will come 543 2 Offer a tip or gift 575 3 Use connections to influencial people 214 4 Write letter to head office 547 5 Do what you want without permit 91 6 Do nothing because nothing can be done 134 9 Don't know 79 99 Missing data 15 Compare to past feel less safe or more safe 86. Compared with the past, do you presently feel less safe or more safe when you go walking about alone? 2198 1 5 1 Much less safe 328 2 Somewhat less safe 595 3 About the same 452 4 Somewhat more safe 489 5 Much more safe 334 Group Identity 87. We have spoken to many Tanzanians and they have all described themselves in different ways. Some people describe themselves in terms of their language, ethnic group, religion or gender and others describe themselves in economic terms, such as working class, middle class or a farmer. Besides being Tanzanian, which specific group do you feel you belong to first and foremost? Interviewer opened with "Let us close with a few final questions about yourself." 2198 0 14 0 Don't know/can't explain 1 1 Language/tribe/ethnic 66 2 Race 4 3 Region, including town, village 6 4 Religion 115 5 Occupation/job description 1665 6 Class 71 7 Gender 188 8 Individual/Personal 1 9 Other 19 10 Won't differentiate 4 12 Traditional Leader 3 13 Party affiliation 2 14 Age-related response 53 15 Continental/African 0 98 refuse to answer 0 99 missing 0 Feel proud to be a [identity group] Interviewer read answer from Question 87 out to the respondent into all the blank spaces as from Question 88 up to Question 90. Probe for strength of Respondent's opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 81 2 Disagree 67 3 Neither agree nor disagree 100 4 Agree 668 5 Strongly agree 1280 9 Don't know 2 Proud to be a Tanzanian Interviewer read answer from Question 87 out to the respondent into all the blank spaces as from Question 88 up to Question 90. Probe for strength of Respondent's opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 37 2 Disagree 46 3 Neither agree nor disagree 75 4 Agree 633 5 Strongly agree 1400 9 Don't know 7 Allow people not born here to become Tanzanian citizens Interviewer read answer from Question 87 out to the respondent into all the blank spaces as from Question 88 up to Question 90. Probe for strength of Respondent's opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 519 2 Disagree 334 3 Neither agree nor disagree 275 4 Agree 619 5 Strongly agree 415 9 Don't know 36 Choose between being a Tanzanian and being a......... 89. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Tanzanian and being a __________. Which of these groups do you feel most strongly attached to? Interviewer read answer from Question 87 out to the respondent into all the blank spaces as from Question 88 up to Question 90. Probe for strength of Respondent's opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Tanzanian 1615 2 Identity group 554 9 Don't know 29 Your group economic conditions compared to others 90. Are ________s [respondent's identity group] economic conditions worse, the same as, or better than other groups in this country? Interviewer read answer from Question 87 out to the respondent into all the blank spaces as from Question 88 up to Question 90. Probe for strength of Respondent's opinion. 2198 1 9 1 Much worse 328 2 Worse 608 3 About the same 783 4 Better 395 5 Much better 76 9 Don't know 8 How often are you treated unfairly by government 91. In your opinion, how often are you treated unfairly by the government? 2198 1 9 1 Always 218 2 Most of the time 71 3 Some of the time 459 4 Almost never 430 5 Never 1006 9 Don't know 14 Do you feel close to a political party 92. Do you feel close to any political party? 2198 0 1 0 No 458 1 Yes 1740 Which one? 93. [If Yes] Which one? 2198 0 98 0 Not applicable 457 1 National Convention for Constitutional reform(NCCR-Maguezi) 23 2 The Civic United Front (CUF) 177 3 Tanzania Labour Party(TLP) 114 4 Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) 1369 5 Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendelo (CHADEMA) 41 6 Tanzania People's Party (TPP) 0 7 National Reconstruction Alliance (NRA) 0 8 National League for Democracy (NLD) 0 9 United Democratic Party (UDP) 16 10 Union for Multi Party Democracy (UMD) 0 11 Popular nationa Alliance (PONA) 0 12 United People's Democratic Party (UPDP) 0 13 Tanzania Democratic Alliance (TADEA) 0 98 Refused 1 99 Don't know 0 How much money do you earn a month? 94. Roughly how much money do you (and your spouse together) earn per month? 2198 0 8 0 Nothing 128 1 less than 10,000 Tshs 777 2 10,001 -- 50,000 Tshs 844 3 50,001 -- 100.000 Tshs 319 4 100,001 -- 200,000 T shs 92 5 200,001 -- 300,000 Tshs 26 6 300,001 -- 400,000 Tshs 6 7 400,001 -- 500,000 T shs 4 8 More than 500, 000 T shs 2 Your financial situation during the past year 95. How would you describe your financial situation during the past year? Did you save money, spend all your income, spend some of your own savings, or borrow money? 2198 1 99 1 Save 374 2 Spend income 1405 3 Spend savings 198 4 Borrow 126 5 Spend savings and borrow 92 99 Missing data 3 How would you grade your own household 96. On a scale of 1-10, where 1 is "poor" and 10 is "not poor," what number would you give your own household? 2198 1 98 1 Poor 473 2 152 3 258 4 352 5 362 6 152 7 75 8 41 9 18 10 Not poor 313 98 Refused 2 Time spent working to earn money 2198 0 4 0 Spend no time 236 1 Less than 1 hour 71 2 1-2 hours 167 3 3-5 hours 326 4 More than 5 hours 1398 98 Refused 0 Time spent producing food 2198 0 98 0 Spend no time 118 1 Less than 1 hour 41 2 1-2 hours 176 3 3-5 hours 481 4 More than 5 hours 1381 98 Refused 1 Time spent doing household work 2198 0 98 0 Spend no time 156 1 Less than 1 hour 289 2 1-2 hours 710 3 3-5 hours 709 4 More than 5 hours 333 98 Refused 1 Time spent taking care of children 2198 0 98 0 Spend no time 471 1 Less than 1 hour 315 2 1-2 hours 626 3 3-5 hours 460 4 More than 5 hours 325 98 Refused 1 Time spent caring for other household members 2198 0 98 0 Spend no time 669 1 Less than 1 hour 514 2 1-2 hours 539 3 3-5 hours 321 4 More than 5 hours 154 98 Refused 1 Daily routine affected by feeling tired, stressed or sick 98. On an average day, how much is your daily routine affected by feeling tired, stressed or sick? 2198 0 2 0 Not at all 268 1 A little 1291 2 A lot 639 Close friend or relative died of AIDS 99. Do you know a close friend or relative who has died of AIDS? 2198 0 9 0 No 798 1 Yes 1311 2 Will not say 33 9 Don't know 56 Trust CCM to preserve peace and tranquility in Tanzania Interviewer opened Question 100 with "The role of political parties in creating peace in Tanzania." 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 155 2 Distrust them somewhat 183 3 Trust them somewhat 508 4 Trust them a lot 1339 9 Don't know 13 Trust opposition parties to preserve peace and tranquility in Tanzania Interviewer opened Question 100 with "The role of political parties in creating peace in Tanzania." 2198 1 9 1 Don't trust them at all 809 2 Distrust them somewhat 546 3 Trust them somewhat 550 4 Trust them a lot 234 9 Don't know 59 Constitution is inadequate and should be changed 101A. The Tanzanian Constitution is inadequate and should be changed. Interviewer opened Question 101 with "Please say whether you agree of disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 452 2 Disagree 492 3 Agree 465 4 Strongly agree 664 9 Don't know 125 Electoral authorities should be changed as demanded by political parties Interviewer opened Question 101 with "Please say whether you agree of disagree with the following statements. There are no right or wrong answers. Just tell me what you think." 2198 1 9 1 Strongly disagree 642 2 Disagree 639 3 Agree 320 4 Strongly agree 512 9 Don't know 85 Center 102. Center Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 Language in which interview was conducted 103. In what language was the interview conducted? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 1 2 1 Kiswahali 2195 2 English 3 Type of shelter in which respondent lives 104. In what type of shelter did respondent live? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 1 9 1 Non-traditional (formal house) 1340 2 Traditional house / hut (rondavel) 788 3 Temporary structure on own plot (shack) 29 4 Temporary structure (shack) - backyard 2 5 Flat in bloc of flats 11 6 Single room in larger structure 27 9 Other 1 Roof material 105. What was the roof made of? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 1 9 1 Metal, tin and zinc 1504 2 Tiles 13 3 Shingles 2 4 Thatch 633 5 Plastic sheets 2 6 Asbestos 1 7 Multiple materials 40 9 Could not tell 3 How much was graded sand/dirt roads Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 3 0 0 kms 1361 1 238 2 5 - 9 km 230 3 All 369 How much was ungraded dirt roads Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 3 0 0 kms 1185 1 212 2 5 - 9 km 248 3 All 553 How much was off road Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 3 0 0 kms 1519 1 544 2 5 - 9 km 71 3 All 64 How much was tarred/concrete Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 3 0 0 kms 1367 1 282 2 5 - 9 km 287 3 All 262 Other people present who could be listening 107. Were there any other people present who might be listening during the interview? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 4 0 No one 1759 1 Spouse 82 2 Children only 255 3 A few others 87 4 Small crowd 15 Respondent checked with others for information 108. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 1 0 No 2151 1 Yes 47 Anyone influenced the respondent during interview 109. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent's answers during the interview? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 1 0 No 230 1 Yes 1968 Proportion of questions respondent had difficulty answering 110. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 0 3 0 None 787 1 Few 1095 2 Some 295 3 Most 21 4 All 0 Interviewer from rural or urban area 111. Interviewer: Do you come from a rural or urban area? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 1 2 1 Urban 1395 2 Rural 803 Interviewer's gender 112. Interviewer: What is your gender? Question was answered by interviewer. 2198 1 2 1 Male 1281 2 Female 917 Weight, to correct for Zanzibar oversample 2198 0.431 1.039 0.431 Zanzibar 144 1 Mainland 0 1.039 2054