<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<codeBook version="1.2.2" ID="NGA_2014_EBSDAFS_v01_M" xml-lang="en" xmlns="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI/Version1-2-2.xsd">
  <docDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          NGA-UI-EBSDAF-2014
        </titl>
        <IDNo>
          DDI_NGA_2014_EBSDAFS_v01_M
        </IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="UI" affiliation="Federal Government of Nigeria" role="Dcumentation of the study">
          University of Ibadan
        </producer>
        <prodDate date="2020-09-22">
          2020-09-22
        </prodDate>
        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
        </software>
      </prodStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version>
          Vesion 01 (September 2020) is identical to the DDI found on http://nada.ui.edu.ng/index.php/catalog, except study IDs have been changed to meet WB standards and minor grammatical changes have been made in various fields.
        </version>
      </verStmt>
    </citation>
  </docDscr>
  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          Economic Burden of Sand Dredging on Artisanal Fishing Survey 2014
        </titl>
        <subTitl>
          First round
        </subTitl>
        <altTitl>
          EBSDAFS 2014
        </altTitl>
        <IDNo>
          NGA_2014_EBSDAFS_v01_M
        </IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty>
          University of Ibadan
        </AuthEnty>
        <othId role="Collection of data" affiliation="University of Ibadan">
          <p>
            Bello Abeeb Adetunji
          </p>
        </othId>
        <othId role="Collection and entering of Data in excel sheet" affiliation="University of Ibadan">
          <p>
            Abayomi Hiqmat Durowoju
          </p>
        </othId>
        <othId role="Collection and entering of Data in excel sheet" affiliation="University of Ibadan">
          <p>
            Olushola O. Oladipupo
          </p>
        </othId>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer affiliation="University of Ibadan">
          Fatai Abiola Sowunmi
        </producer>
        <copyright>
          (C) 2015, University of Ibadan
        </copyright>
        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
        </software>
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <contact affiliation="University of Ibadan" URI="www.agric.ui.edu.ng/FASowunmi" email="fa.sowunmi@ui.edu.ng">
          Dr. Fatai Abiola Sowunmi
        </contact>
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt>
        <serName>
          Agricultural Survey [ag/oth]
        </serName>
        <serInfo>
          This Agricultural Survey was carried out for the first time in year 2014.
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2014-05-28">
          Vesion 01: Edited anonymous dataset for public distribution.
        </version>
      </verStmt>
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <topcClas>
          Land (policy, resource management)
        </topcClas>
        <topcClas>
          Environment
        </topcClas>
        <topcClas>
          Food (production, crisis)
        </topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <![CDATA[Environmental degradation has continued to pose threat to the sustainability of Africa's natural resources endowment. Increasing demand for sand for construction purposes and the supply gap created by dredging on land has made river/sea sand dredging a major threat to aquatic habitat and artisanal. The importance of artisanal fishing as a source of animal protein and means of livelihood cannot be over emphasized bearing in mind particularly the high level of unemployment in Nigeria.

 It is therefore imperative to determine the economic burden of sand dredging on the artisanal fishing using cross-sectional data collected through structured questionnaires from Ikorodu and Epe local government areas of Lagos state. The survey intends to identify the sand dredging and non-dredging fishing sites. The survey is aimed at comparing fish production per day, distance covered (km), labor-hour utilized per kg of fish caught and cost and returns of fishermen in sand dredging and non-dredging areas of study.]]>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <collDate date="2014-05-02" event="start"/>
        <collDate date="2014-05-28" event="end"/>
        <nation abbr="NGA">
          Nigeria
        </nation>
        <geogCover>
          <![CDATA[Lagos state
Ikorodu Local Government
Epe Local Government]]>
        </geogCover>
        <anlyUnit>
          Individual
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe>
          Individual artisanal fishing follks
        </universe>
        <dataKind>
          Sample survey data [ssd]
        </dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
      <notes>
        <![CDATA[The scope of the survey includes the following:
Section A: Socioeconomic characteristics
Section B: Fishing as an occupation
Section C: Sand dredging
Section D: Cost of fishing
Section E: Returns on artisanal fishing
Section F: Constraint to artisanal fishing]]>
      </notes>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <dataCollector affiliation="University of Ibadan">
          Bello Abeeb Adetunji
        </dataCollector>
        <dataCollector affiliation="University of Ibadan(Student 300Level then)">
          Abayomi Hiqmat Durowoju
        </dataCollector>
        <dataCollector affiliation="University of Ibadan (Student 300Level then)">
          Olushola O. Oladipupo
        </dataCollector>
        <sampProc>
          <![CDATA[Data were collected using two-stage sampling technique (purposive and simple random). The two Local Government Areas (LGAs) as well as the nine communities that spread across the two LGAs were purposively selected because they are known for artisanal fishing. 

The nine fishing communities sampled in the two LGAs are Oreta, Majidun, Itoikin, Ofin, Bayeku, Ijede, Ejinrin, Elubo and Iponmi via Agura Gberigbe. These communities are not only known for fishing but also for intensive sand dredging which provides sand for construction firms. In the second stage fifty (50) respondents were randomly selected from each of the nine fishing communities. 

A total of 450 questionnaires that addressed the objective of the study were administered while 332 were returned.]]>
        </sampProc>
        <deviat>
          No deviation
        </deviat>
        <collMode>
          Face-to-face [f2f]
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>
          <![CDATA[The questionnaire is divided into six (6) sections:
Section A: Socioeconomic characteristics
Section B: Fishing as an occupation
Section C: Sand dredging
Section D: Cost of fishing
Section E: Returns on artisanal fishing
Section F: Constraint to artisanal fishing]]>
        </resInstru>
        <sources/>
        <collSitu>
          <![CDATA[The three enumerators were given abridged training on how to interact with the fishermen, how to ask sensitive questions and mode of dressing and the necessary safety precations. 

The enumerators were told to record only the quantities of fish caught that were weighed in their presence by respondents. The data collection lasted for 26days; from 2nd May, 2014 - 28th May, 2014. 

The questionnaire was structured in English but interpreted in local dialet (Yoruba) to the illiterate respondents only. Each enumerator spent an average of 19 minutes per respondent (4hrs per day, 26days). In addition, data on average price per kilogramme of fish in the major fish market in each of the fishing communities were noted.]]>
        </collSitu>
        <actMin>
          Bello Abeeb Adetunji played a dual role of supervisor and data collector while Fatai Abiola Sowunmi served as overall supervisor.
        </actMin>
        <weight>
          No weight
        </weight>
        <cleanOps>
          <![CDATA[Manual editing was carried out to remove duplicated questionnaires. Also removed were questionnaires that respondents failed to provide answers to key questions on the quantity of fish caught, the cost items, the status of the location (whether sand dredging is taking placeor not), fishing hours per day among others. Questionnaires that filled with ambiguous data such as falsified quantity of fish caught per day were removed. 

Microsoft Excel was used for data entering. Data editing took place during data entering and structure checking and completeness.]]>
        </cleanOps>
      </dataColl>
      <notes>
        <![CDATA[Data entry was manual. Single data entry was done. Data were entered one community after the other.

The data were checked for editing before they were merged. Two laptops were used for the entry (data). Microsoft excel (office 2010 and 2003) on windows 8 and 7 respectively were used. The data entry took approximately seven days. Each data entry operator extracted data from an averge of 25 questionnaires per day ( 332/50 = 6.6days).]]>
      </notes>
      <anlyInfo>
        <respRate>
          <![CDATA[The response rate was approximately 74% 

(A total of 450 questionnaires that addressed the objective of the study were administered while 332 were returned).]]>
        </respRate>
        <EstSmpErr>
          No sampling error
        </EstSmpErr>
        <dataAppr>
          No other form of data appraisal
        </dataAppr>
      </anlyInfo>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <setAvail>
        <accsPlac URI="http://nada.ui.edu.ng/index.php/catalog/1">
          University of Ibadan, Nigeria
        </accsPlac>
      </setAvail>
      <useStmt>
        <contact affiliation="University of Ibadan" URI="www.agric.ui.edu.ng/FASowunmi" email="fa.sowunmi@ui.edu.ng">
          Dr. Fatai Abiola Sowunmi
        </contact>
        <citReq>
          <![CDATA[Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download

Example:

University of Ibadan. Nigeria - Economic Burden of Sand Dredging on Artisanal Fishing Survey (EBSDAFS) 2014, Ref. NGA_2014_EBSDAFS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date]]]>
        </citReq>
        <disclaimer>
          The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
        </disclaimer>
      </useStmt>
    </dataAccs>
  </stdyDscr>
  <fileDscr ID="F1" URI="NGA_2014_EBSDAFS_v01_M.Nesstar?Index=0&amp;Name=Processed Data">
    <fileTxt>
      <fileName>
        Processed Data.NSDstat
      </fileName>
      <fileCont>
        <![CDATA[The file contains data on economic burden of sand dredging on artisanal fishing survey. Specifically, it contains socioecononic characteristics of resppondents, quantity of fish caught pr day,  fishing experience (years), environmental condition of the community (dredging taking place or not), duration of dredging where dredging is taking place, opinion of fishermn on the effect of dredging on fishing and the cost of fishing per day (variable and depreciated fixed costs).]]>
      </fileCont>
      <dimensns>
        <caseQnty>
          0
        </caseQnty>
        <varQnty>
          16
        </varQnty>
      </dimensns>
      <fileType>
        Nesstar 200801
      </fileType>
      <filePlac>
        Dr. Fatai Abiola Sowunmi
      </filePlac>
      <dataChck>
        <![CDATA[Processing checks were carried out to prevent:

Duplication of data

Falsification of data

Entry data from questionnaires that key questions are not answered  (example are quantity of fish caught, the cost items, the status of the location (whether sand dredging is taking placeor not), fishing hours per day among others).]]>
      </dataChck>
      <dataMsng>
        They are in asterisks (*).
      </dataMsng>
      <verStmt>
        <version>
          Version 1.0 (April 2015)
        </version>
      </verStmt>
    </fileTxt>
  </fileDscr>
  <dataDscr>
    <var ID="V1" name="sn" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="1" EndPos="3" width="3" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Serial number
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="1" max="332"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <codInstr>
        Serial number
      </codInstr>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V2" name="ag" files="F1" dcml="2" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="4" EndPos="8" width="5" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Age
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Age
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="22.5" max="62.5"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Age of respondents
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V3" name="gen" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="9" EndPos="9" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Gender
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Sex
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Gender of the respondents
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Female
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Male
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V4" name="marst" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="10" EndPos="10" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Marital status
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Marital status
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Marital status of respondents
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Single
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Married
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V5" name="hhs" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="11" EndPos="12" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Household size
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Household size
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="11"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Household size of respondents
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V6" name="edstat" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="13" EndPos="13" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Educational status
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Educational Status
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Educational status of respondents
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Illiterate
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Educated
        </labl>
        <txt>
          Educational Status
        </txt>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V7" name="expyr" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="14" EndPos="15" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Experience in Fishing(yr)
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Years of experience in fishing
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="23"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Years of fishing experience by respondents
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V8" name="labr" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="16" EndPos="16" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Type of Labour used
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Types of labour used
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Type of labour employed by respondents
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Family
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Hired
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V9" name="dyswk" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="17" EndPos="17" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Fishing days per week
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          How many times in a week do you go on fishing?
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="2" max="7"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Fishing days per week by respondents
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V10" name="discov" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="18" EndPos="19" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Distance covered (km) per day
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          The average distance travelled before fishing in kilometre
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="36"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Average distance covered by respondents per day
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V11" name="hrsp" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="20" EndPos="21" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Hours spent on fishing per day
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          The average hour(s) spent per fishing trip
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="10"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Hours spent on fishing per day by respondents
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V12" name="othwk" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="22" EndPos="22" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Other Economic activities
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Do you engage in other work other than fishing?
        </qstnLit>
        <postQTxt>
          If yes, specify..................
        </postQTxt>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        <![CDATA[Other economic activities engaged-in  by respondents]]>
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          No
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Yes
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V13" name="dreStat" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="23" EndPos="23" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Dredging status
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          Is sand dredging taking place in your area of fishing?
        </qstnLit>
        <postQTxt>
          Is the dredging affecting fishing negatively?
        </postQTxt>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Dredging status
      </txt>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          No
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Yes
        </labl>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V14" name="dreduryr" files="F1" dcml="2" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="24" EndPos="28" width="5" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Dredging duration (yr)
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          How long (year) has the dredging been going on?
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="0.75" max="30"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Duration of dredging
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V15" name="Qtdy" files="F1" dcml="2" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="29" EndPos="33" width="5" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Quantity of fish caught per day
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          What is the average quantity of fish caught per trip?
        </qstnLit>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="2.5" max="15"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Average quantity of fish caught by respondents per day
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V16" name="Rv" files="F1" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="34" EndPos="38" width="5" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Revenue (N) per day
      </labl>
      <respUnit>
        Household member
      </respUnit>
      <qstn>
        <qstnLit>
          What is the average quantity of fish caught per trip?
        </qstnLit>
        <postQTxt>
          How much will the fish per kg be sold?
        </postQTxt>
      </qstn>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="1000" max="10000"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <txt>
        Average revenue by respondents per day
      </txt>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
  </dataDscr>
</codeBook>
