GHA_2019_AFB-R8_v01_M DDI_GHA_2019_AFB-R8_v01_M_WB Development Economics Data Group 2021-04-19 Metadata Editor Version 01 (April 2021) GHA_2019_AFB-R8_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2019 Round 8 AFB-R8 2019 Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD) Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR) Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) Institute for Development Studies (IDS) Michigan State University (MSU) University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Other Household Survey [hh/oth] Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Round 4 surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in 20 countries, reflecting the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. The fifth Round of surveys were done between October 2011 and June 2013. In the Round 5 surveys, the project covered an additional 15 countries in different regions of the continent. Among the new R5 countries were Mauritius and Swaziland in Southern Africa; Burundi and Ethiopia in East Africa; Cameroon, Niger, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Togo in West Africa. Afrobarometer also worked with the Arab Barometer and implemented R5 surveys in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco Sudan and Tunisia. Additional Round 5.5 surveys were also conducted in Mali and Zimbabwe. In Round 6, surveys were done 36 countries. Two countries that were covered in Round 5, Ethiopia and Egypt, were not included due to operational constraints. In their place, the Network added Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe. The survey covered 34 African countries covered in Round 7 (2016-2018). Here are the list of countries covered in Round 7: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Round 8 surveys cover at least 35 countries. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. Round 3 (2005-2006) 18 countries, Round 4 (2008) 20 countries, Round 5 (2011-2013) 34 countries, and Round 6 (2014-2015) 36 countries. The survey covered 34 countries in Round 7 (2016-2018). Round 8 surveys are planned in at least 35 countries in 2019-2020. Ghana National coverage The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Individual Citizens of Ghana who are 18 years and older. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. gha_r8_data_27oct20.sav 2400 392 .sav Afrobarometer round 8 survey data. Respondent number 2400 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 2400 1 2 1 Urban 1248 2 Rural 1152 Province or region Region/Province 2400 260 275 260 WESTERN 168 261 WESTERN NORTH 72 262 CENTRAL 200 263 GREATER ACCRA 440 264 VOLTA 136 265 OTI 64 266 EASTERN 256 267 ASHANTI 464 268 AHAFO 48 269 BONO 88 270 BONO EAST 88 271 NORTHERN 136 272 SAVANNAH 40 273 NORTH EAST 40 274 UPPER EAST 96 275 UPPER WEST 64 EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 216 1 Yes 2184 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 808 1 Yes 1592 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1328 1 Yes 1064 9 Can't determine 8 EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 120 1 Yes 2272 9 Can't determine 8 EA-SVC-E. Borehole or tubewell in PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 760 1 Yes 1632 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1824 1 Yes 568 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 152 1 Yes 2248 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1584 1 Yes 816 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 912 1 Yes 1488 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 696 1 Yes 1704 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-F. Bank or money services in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 808 1 Yes 1592 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 336 1 Yes 2064 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1928 1 Yes 472 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2328 1 Yes 72 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2200 1 Yes 200 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2360 1 Yes 40 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA 2400 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2328 1 Yes 72 9 Can't determine 0 EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point 2400 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 Earth 936 2 Gravel 272 3 Stone 16 4 Muram 0 5 Paved/ Tarred 1168 6 Concrete 8 EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km 2400 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 Earth 864 2 Gravel 280 3 Stone 16 4 Muram 0 5 Paved/ Tarred 1232 6 Concrete 8 EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km 2400 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 Impassable 56 2 Very poor 464 3 Poor 352 4 Fair 352 5 Good 736 6 Very good 440 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 81 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 18 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 32 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 2 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 12 6 Did not fit gender quota 29 7 No adults in household 13 8 Other (specify) 1 9997 Interview was successful 2212 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 - Other 2400 2399 UNSOUND PERSON 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 29 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 1 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 11 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 2 6 Did not fit gender quota 8 7 No adults in household 5 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2344 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 9 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 8 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 10 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2373 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 4 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 5 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 1 6 Did not fit gender quota 2 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2388 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 4 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2396 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 1 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2398 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 2400 3 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 1 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 1 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2398 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 8 2400 7 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 1 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2399 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 9 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 9 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2399 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 10 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 10 2400 9997 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home after at least two visits 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period after at least two visits 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other (specify) 0 9997 Interview was successful 2400 This interview, gender This interview must be with a: 2400 1 2 1 Male 1197 2 Female 1203 Number of adults in household Total number of adult citizens in household 2400 1 20 1 501 2 720 3 425 4 261 5 208 6 98 7 71 8 47 9 17 10 25 11 7 12 4 14 2 15 5 18 4 19 1 20 4 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2400 1 2 1 2311 2 89 Date of interview Date of interview 2400 2019-09-16 148 2019-09-17 221 2019-09-18 218 2019-09-19 210 2019-09-20 202 2019-09-21 191 2019-09-22 201 2019-09-23 182 2019-09-24 154 2019-09-25 120 2019-09-26 120 2019-09-27 104 2019-09-28 97 2019-09-29 80 2019-09-30 80 2019-10-01 40 2019-10-02 24 2019-10-03 8 Time interview started 2400 Q1. Age 1. How old are you? 2400 18 999 -1 Missing 0 18 70 19 57 20 73 21 65 22 71 23 55 24 60 25 93 26 60 27 72 28 70 29 67 30 105 31 34 32 85 33 45 34 40 35 66 36 44 37 46 38 52 39 46 40 83 41 25 42 72 43 34 44 25 45 82 46 34 47 42 48 44 49 20 50 59 51 23 52 37 53 19 54 26 55 30 56 27 57 17 58 27 59 15 60 42 61 13 62 16 63 25 64 13 65 21 66 11 67 8 68 14 69 9 70 34 71 6 72 6 73 4 74 6 75 16 76 4 77 1 78 3 79 1 80 9 81 1 82 2 84 2 85 2 86 2 87 1 90 1 92 1 95 3 96 1 98 1 102 1 112 1 999 Don't know 2 Q2. Language spoken in home 2. What is the primary language you speak in your home now? 2400 1 9998 -1 Missing 0 1 English 112 260 Akan 1368 261 Ewe/Anlo 216 262 Ga/Dangbe 152 263 Dagbani 97 264 Dagaare 75 265 Fafra 13 266 Gonja 14 267 Hausa 32 268 Konkonba 61 269 Krobo 14 270 Kusaal 26 271 Kusasi 15 272 Sissali 14 273 Waale 12 274 Mampruli 26 9995 Other 152 9998 Refused 1 9999 Don't know 0 Q2other. Language spoken in home (verbatim) 2400 Q3. Overall direction of the country 3. Let's start with your general view about the current direction of our country. Some people might think the country is going in the wrong direction. Others may feel it is going in the right direction. So let me ask YOU about the overall direction of the country: Would you say that the country is going in the wrong direction or going in the right direction? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Going in the wrong direction 1417 2 Going in the right direction 857 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 124 Q4a. Country’s present economic condition 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 881 2 Fairly Bad 607 3 Neither good nor bad 126 4 Fairly Good 561 5 Very good 166 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 59 Q4b. Your present living conditions 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 778 2 Fairly Bad 597 3 Neither good nor bad 125 4 Fairly Good 710 5 Very good 183 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 7 Q5. Treated unfairly by government based on economic status 5. How often, if ever, are people like you treated unfairly by the government based on your economic status, that is, how rich or poor you are? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1299 1 Sometimes 680 2 Often 241 3 Always 126 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 52 Q6a. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago 6A. Looking back, how do you rate economic conditions in this country compared to 12 months ago? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 423 2 Worse 684 3 Same 484 4 Better 635 5 Much better 128 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 45 Q6b. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time 6B. Looking ahead, do you expect economic conditions in this country to be better or worse in 12 months’ time? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 223 2 Worse 238 3 Same 221 4 Better 898 5 Much better 407 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 412 Q7a. How often gone without food 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1803 1 Just once or twice 265 2 Several times 222 3 Many times 93 4 Always 16 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q7b. How often gone without water 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1883 1 Just once or twice 161 2 Several times 189 3 Many times 96 4 Always 70 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q7c. How often gone without medical care 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1639 1 Just once or twice 330 2 Several times 265 3 Many times 127 4 Always 37 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q7d. How often gone without cooking fuel 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2025 1 Just once or twice 163 2 Several times 130 3 Many times 60 4 Always 21 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q7e. How often gone without cash income 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 688 1 Just once or twice 487 2 Several times 535 3 Many times 501 4 Always 186 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 2 Q8a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1500 1 Just once or twice 317 2 Several times 310 3 Many times 156 4 Always 107 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 9 Q8b. How often feared crime in home 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1561 1 Just once or twice 324 2 Several times 280 3 Many times 150 4 Always 79 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 5 Q9. Discuss politics 9. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters: 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 847 1 Occasionally 990 2 Frequently 558 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 5 Q10a. Freedom to say what you think 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 95 2 Not very free 145 3 Somewhat free 441 4 Completely free 1689 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 29 Q10b. Freedom to join political organization 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 57 2 Not very free 69 3 Somewhat free 195 4 Completely free 2050 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 25 Q10c. Freedom to choose who to vote for without pressure 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 43 2 Not very free 45 3 Somewhat free 141 4 Completely free 2143 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 26 Q11a. Attend a community meeting 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 503 1 No, would do it if I had the chance 688 2 Yes, once or twice 319 3 Yes, several times 458 4 Yes, often 422 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 10 Q11b. Join others to raise an issue 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 615 1 No, would do it if I had the chance 710 2 Yes, once or twice 309 3 Yes, several times 435 4 Yes, often 318 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 13 Q11c. Attend a demonstration or protest march 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 1540 1 No, would do it if I had the chance 477 2 Yes, once or twice 121 3 Yes, several times 86 4 Yes, often 148 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 28 Q12a. Contact local government councillor Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1682 1 Only once 189 2 A few times 318 3 Often 205 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 5 Q12b. Contact MP Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2043 1 Only once 131 2 A few times 152 3 Often 65 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 9 Q12c Contact political party official Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1914 1 Only once 129 2 A few times 230 3 Often 118 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 9 Q12d. Contact traditional leader Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1735 1 Only once 112 2 A few times 240 3 Often 275 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 37 Q13. Voting in the most recent national election 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 I did not vote 436 1 I was too young to vote 114 2 I can’t remember whether I voted 8 3 I voted in the election 1833 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 6 Q14. Freeness and fairness of the last national election 14. On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national election, held in 2016? Was it: 2400 1 98 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 76 2 Free and fair, with major problems 152 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 494 4 Completely free and fair 1451 8 Do not understand question 23 9 Don’t know 198 98 Refused 6 Q15a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1649 1 Yes 746 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 5 Q15b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1945 1 Yes 448 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 6 Q15c. Last national election: contacted by representative of political party 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1802 1 Yes 586 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 10 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 1st response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 55 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 237 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 251 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 1 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 5 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 1 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 2 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 5 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 18 9999 Don’t know 11 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 2nd response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 261 9997 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 0 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 48 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 108 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 2 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 1 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 1 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 426 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 3rd response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 262 9997 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 0 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 0 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 47 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 2 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 15 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 0 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 522 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 4th response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 263 9997 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 0 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 0 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 0 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 3 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 20 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 0 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 563 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 5th response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 264 9997 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 0 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 0 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 0 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 0 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 2 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 1 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 583 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q15d. Which parties contacted? 6th response If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 265 9997 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 0 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 0 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 0 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 0 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 0 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 1 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party G(CPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 1 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 584 9997 Not Applicable 1814 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q15d. Which parties contacted? Other (verbatim) If yes to Q15C, ask: 2400 2395 DO NOT SUPPORT ANY 1 INDEPENDENT 1 INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE 1 NDC AND NPP 1 REFORM PARTY 1 Q16a. Last national election: media provide fair coverage of all candidates 16A. During the last national election campaign in 2016, how often did the media provide fair coverage of all candidates? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 328 1 Sometimes 656 2 Often 483 3 Always 523 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 409 Q16b. Last national election: candidate or political party offer food, gift or money for vote 16B. During the last national election in 2016, how often, if ever, did a candidate or someone from a political party offer you something, like food, a gift, or money, in return for your vote? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2100 1 Once or twice 154 2 Several times 75 3 Often 32 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 36 Q17a. Last national election: votes not accurately counted 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1392 1 A few times 392 2 Often 173 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 443 Q17b. Last national election: people voted more than once 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1538 1 A few times 343 2 Often 102 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 416 Q17c. Last national election: powerful people find out vote 17C. How likely do you think it is that powerful people can find out how you voted, even though there is supposed to be a secret ballot in this country? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 1524 1 Not very likely 319 2 Somewhat likely 272 3 Very likely 131 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 153 Q17d. Last national election: fear political intimidation or violence 17D. During the last national election campaign in 2016, how much did you personally fear becoming a victim of political intimidation or violence? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 A lot 205 1 Somewhat 137 2 A little bit 375 3 Not at all 1632 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 48 Q18a. Last national election: police or soldiers assist people to cast ballot Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1959 1 Yes 324 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 117 Q18b. Last national election: security forces or a political party try intimidate voters Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2125 1 Yes 156 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 119 Q18c. Last national election: announced results reflect counted results 18C. With regard to the last national election in 2016, to what extent do you think the results announced by the Independent Electoral Commission accurately reflected the actual results as counted? Read out options 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not accurate at all 65 2 Not very accurate, with major discrepancies 134 3 Mostly accurate, but with some minor discrepancies 475 4 Completely accurate 1446 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 279 Q19a. Government bans organizations vs. join any 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 459 2 Agree with 1 359 3 Agree with 2 443 4 Agree very strongly with 2 991 5 Agree with neither 89 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 58 Q19b. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1047 2 Agree with 1 519 3 Agree with 2 290 4 Agree very strongly with 2 428 5 Agree with neither 51 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 64 Q20a. Reject one-party rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 1551 2 Disapprove 363 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 58 4 Approve 179 5 Strongly approve 210 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 39 Q20b. Reject military rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 1299 2 Disapprove 364 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 86 4 Approve 220 5 Strongly approve 383 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 45 Q20c. Reject one-man rule 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 1585 2 Disapprove 458 3 Neither approve nor disapprove 60 4 Approve 132 5 Strongly approve 113 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 52 Q21. Support for democracy Read out statements. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in [English / French / Portuguese].Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand the term in the official language. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter 208 2 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 338 3 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable 1800 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 53 Q22. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 267 2 Agree with 1 220 3 Agree with 2 474 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1381 5 Agree with neither 32 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 23 Q23. Listen to wisdom of elders vs fresh ideas from young people 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 972 2 Agree with 1 335 3 Agree with 2 225 4 Agree very strongly with 2 621 5 Agree with neither 220 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 24 Q24. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1542 2 Agree with 1 432 3 Agree with 2 115 4 Agree very strongly with 2 254 5 Agree with neither 30 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 27 Q25. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 447 2 Agree with 1 228 3 Agree with 2 450 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1205 5 Agree with neither 41 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 29 Q26. Elected officials accountable vs elected leaders follow own ideas 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1520 2 Agree with 1 551 3 Agree with 2 113 4 Agree very strongly with 2 179 5 Agree with neither 25 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 11 Q27. Elected leaders empower most capable citizens vs help people left behind by economic and social change 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 357 2 Agree with 1 233 3 Agree with 2 442 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1268 5 Agree with neither 68 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 30 Q28. Experts needed for most important decisions vs no need for experts 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1334 2 Agree with 1 614 3 Agree with 2 160 4 Agree very strongly with 2 186 5 Agree with neither 56 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 50 Q29. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1359 2 Agree with 1 502 3 Agree with 2 187 4 Agree very strongly with 2 287 5 Agree with neither 36 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 29 Q30. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 287 2 Agree with 1 227 3 Agree with 2 492 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1354 5 Agree with neither 23 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 17 Q31. Elections winner pursue policies they prefer vs. compromise with other groups 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 233 2 Agree with 1 238 3 Agree with 2 598 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1241 5 Agree with neither 53 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 36 Q32. Elected government free to do whatever the people want vs bound by laws 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 114 2 Agree with 1 170 3 Agree with 2 545 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1526 5 Agree with neither 26 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 19 Q33. Media checks government vs. avoid negative reporting 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1452 2 Agree with 1 519 3 Agree with 2 171 4 Agree very strongly with 2 193 5 Agree with neither 42 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 23 Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1347 2 Agree with 1 458 3 Agree with 2 157 4 Agree very strongly with 2 313 5 Agree with neither 95 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 29 Q35a. Minimum age for candidates for president needed 35A. Should there be a minimum age for candidates for president? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, no minimum 573 1 Yes, should be a minimum 1697 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 126 Q35b. Minimum age for candidates for president If yes at 35A, ask: 35B. What should the minimum age be? Not applicable [If response to Q35A was 0=No or 9=Don’t know (tablet will do automatic skip)] 2400 18 999 18 41 19 2 20 20 21 3 22 1 24 1 25 30 26 1 27 2 28 3 29 2 30 175 32 4 33 1 34 1 35 135 36 2 37 1 38 1 40 528 41 1 42 2 43 1 45 208 46 3 48 7 49 1 50 341 52 2 53 1 54 1 55 19 56 1 58 2 60 89 65 8 70 13 75 1 80 1 88 1 997 Not applicable 703 998 Refused 1 999 Don't know 39 Q35c. Maximum age for candidates for president needed 35C. Should there be a maximum age for candidates for president? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, no maximum 512 1 Yes, should be a maximum 1765 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 119 Q35d. Maximum age for candidates for president If yes at 35C, ask: 35D. What should the maximum be? 2400 18 999 18 1 20 2 30 8 35 3 40 14 42 1 45 8 46 1 48 1 50 70 55 22 58 3 59 2 60 338 62 1 65 130 68 4 69 1 70 572 72 4 73 1 75 108 76 1 78 4 80 315 82 2 84 1 85 23 86 1 90 67 91 1 92 1 100 25 997 Not applicable 635 998 Refused 2 999 Don't know 27 Q36. Extent of democracy 36. Now let us speak about the political system in this country. In your opinion, how much of a democracy is Ghana today? 2400 1 98 -1 Missing 0 1 Not a democracy 68 2 A democracy, with major problems 603 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 1016 4 A full democracy 651 8 Do not understand question / democracy 13 9 Don't know 47 98 Refused 2 Q37. Satisfaction with democracy 37. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Ghana? Are you: 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The country is not a democracy 14 1 Not at all satisfied 254 2 Not very satisfied 514 3 Fairly satisfied 934 4 Very satisfied 635 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 47 Q38a. MPs listen Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1400 1 Only Sometimes 647 2 Often 182 3 Always 91 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 79 Q38b. Local government councillors listen Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1140 1 Only Sometimes 638 2 Often 366 3 Always 184 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 72 Q38c. Traditional leaders listen Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1013 1 Only Sometimes 556 2 Often 411 3 Always 287 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 133 Q39a. People must pay taxes 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 178 2 Disagree 185 3 Neither agree nor disagree 70 4 Agree 956 5 Strongly agree 933 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 77 Q39b. Government information for official use only 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 729 2 Disagree 618 3 Neither agree or disagree 138 4 Agree 480 5 Strongly agree 291 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 142 Q40a. How often party competition leads to conflict 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 297 1 Rarely 680 2 Often 954 3 Always 422 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 46 Q40b. How often president ignores laws 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 918 1 Rarely 572 2 Often 408 3 Always 118 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 380 Q40c. How often president ignores parliament 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1020 1 Rarely 509 2 Often 366 3 Always 113 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 388 Q40d. How often careful what you say 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 247 1 Rarely 364 2 Often 630 3 Always 1065 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 91 Q40e. How often people treated unequally 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 434 1 Rarely 469 2 Often 724 3 Always 658 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 113 Q40f. How often officials unpunished 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 307 1 Rarely 481 2 Often 712 3 Always 751 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 147 Q40g. How often ordinary people unpunished 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1308 1 Rarely 524 2 Often 222 3 Always 261 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 82 Q41a. Trust president Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 508 1 Just a little 428 2 Somewhat 603 3 A lot 805 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 52 Q41b. Trust parliament/national assembly Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 718 1 Just a little 588 2 Somewhat 623 3 A lot 370 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 98 Q41c. Trust Electoral Commission Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 453 1 Just a little 522 2 Somewhat 764 3 A lot 515 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 143 Q41d. Trust your elected local government council Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 595 1 Just a little 619 2 Somewhat 687 3 A lot 304 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 194 Q41d1-GHA. Trust you Metropolitan, Municipal or District Chief Executive Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 676 1 Just a little 609 2 Somewhat 624 3 A lot 292 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 197 Q41e. Trust the ruling party Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 659 1 Just a little 471 2 Somewhat 582 3 A lot 588 8 Refused 18 9 Don’t know 82 Q41f. Trust opposition political parties Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 784 1 Just a little 624 2 Somewhat 600 3 A lot 277 8 Refused 13 9 Don’t know 102 Q41g. Trust police Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 962 1 Just a little 459 2 Somewhat 556 3 A lot 364 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 57 Q41h. Trust army Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 255 1 Just a little 314 2 Somewhat 723 3 A lot 1017 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 89 Q41i. Trust courts of law Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 582 1 Just a little 519 2 Somewhat 743 3 A lot 405 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 147 Q41j. The tax/ revenue office Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 647 1 Just a little 633 2 Somewhat 695 3 A lot 243 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 180 Q41k. Trust traditional leaders Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 507 1 Just a little 486 2 Somewhat 746 3 A lot 558 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 100 Q41l. Trust religious leaders Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 351 1 Just a little 478 2 Somewhat 837 3 A lot 675 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 56 Q41m-GHA. Trust Information from government sources Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 351 1 Just a little 617 2 Somewhat 898 3 A lot 383 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 149 Q41n-GHA. Trust Information from public media institutions Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 298 1 Just a little 637 2 Somewhat 925 3 A lot 388 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 149 Q41o-GHA. Trust Information from private media institutions Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 286 1 Just a little 658 2 Somewhat 907 3 A lot 387 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 158 Q41p-GHA. Trust Information from Social Media Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 455 1 Just a little 587 2 Somewhat 690 3 A lot 245 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 417 Q42a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 209 1 Some of them 1204 2 Most of them 508 3 All of them 269 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 205 Q42b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 123 1 Some of them 1195 2 Most of them 604 3 All of them 257 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 216 Q42b1-GHA. Corruption: Officials of the Electoral Commission 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 229 1 Some of them 1304 2 Most of them 384 3 All of them 183 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 297 Q42c. Corruption: Civil servants Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 137 1 Some of them 1222 2 Most of them 622 3 All of them 202 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 213 Q42d. Corruption: local government councillors Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 208 1 Some of them 1322 2 Most of them 439 3 All of them 179 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 249 Q42d1-GHA. Corruption: Your Metropolitan, Municipal or District Chief Executive 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 148 1 Some of them 1229 2 Most of them 532 3 All of them 221 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 267 Q42e. Corruption: Police Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 111 1 Some of them 773 2 Most of them 757 3 All of them 619 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 137 Q42f. Corruption: Judges and Magistrates Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 138 1 Some of them 1058 2 Most of them 660 3 All of them 307 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 232 Q42g. Corruption: Tax officials Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 119 1 Some of them 1190 2 Most of them 581 3 All of them 246 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 259 Q42h. Corruption:Traditional leaders Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 257 1 Some of them 1329 2 Most of them 413 3 All of them 188 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 209 Q42i. Corruption: Religious leaders Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 357 1 Some of them 1354 2 Most of them 368 3 All of them 138 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 179 Q42j-GHA. Corruption: Media persons from public media institutions Read out options. 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 175 1 Some of them 1473 2 Most of them 363 3 All of them 126 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 259 Q42k-GHA. Corruption: Media persons from private media institutions Read out options. 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 170 1 Some of them 1476 2 Most of them 346 3 All of them 126 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 278 Q43a. Level of corruption 43A. In your opinion, over the past year, has the level of corruption in this country increased, decreased, or stayed the same? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Increased a lot 897 2 Increased somewhat 358 3 Stayed the same 475 4 Decreased somewhat 381 5 Decreased a lot 95 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 190 Q43b. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear 43B. In this country, can ordinary people report incidents of corruption without fear, or do they risk retaliation or other negative consequences if they speak out? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Can report without fear 802 1 Risk retaliation 1461 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 133 Q44a. Contact with public school Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. In the past 12 months, have you had contact with a public school? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1624 1 Yes 770 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 6 Q44b. Difficulty to obtain public school services How easy or difficult was it to obtain the services you needed from teachers or school officials? Read out options 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 223 2 Easy 332 3 Difficult 159 4 Very difficult 52 7 Not applicable 1630 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 4 Q44c. Pay bribe for public school services Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a teacher or school official in order to get the services you needed from the schools? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 650 1 Once or twice 64 2 A few times 30 3 Often 25 7 Not applicable 1630 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q44d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. In the past 12 months, have you had contact with a public clinic or hospital? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1259 1 Yes 1133 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 8 Q44e. Difficulty to obtain medical care How easy or difficult was it to obtain the medical care you needed? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 197 2 Easy 479 3 Difficult 333 4 Very difficult 123 7 Not applicable 1267 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q44f. Pay bribe for medical care Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a health worker or clinic or hospital staff in order to get the medical care you needed? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 952 1 Once or twice 93 2 A few times 58 3 Often 28 7 Not applicable 1267 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q44g. Tried to obtain identity document Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. In the past 12 months, have you tried to get an identity document like a birth certificate, driver's license, passport or voter's card, or permit from government? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1743 1 Yes 654 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 3 Q44h. Difficulty to obtain identity document How easy or difficult was it to obtain the document you needed? Read out options 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 108 2 Easy 208 3 Difficult 204 4 Very difficult 131 7 Not applicable 1746 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 3 Q44i. Pay bribe for identity document Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a government official in order to get the document you needed? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 465 1 Once or twice 108 2 A few times 55 3 Often 21 7 Not applicable 1746 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 5 Q44j. Requested assistance from the police Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. In the past 12 months, have you requested assistance from the police? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2160 1 Yes 235 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 3 Q44k. Difficulty obtaining police assistance How easy or difficult was it to obtain the assistance you needed? 2400 1 7 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 16 2 Easy 72 3 Difficult 94 4 Very difficult 53 7 Not applicable 2165 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q44l. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a police officer in order to get the assistance you needed? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 115 1 Once or twice 59 2 A few times 30 3 Often 30 7 Not applicable 2165 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q44m. Contact with police in other situations Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. In the past 12 months, how often have you encountered the police in other situations, like at checkpoints, during identity checks or traffic stops, or during an investigation? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1337 1 Once or twice 246 2 A few times 327 3 Often 472 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 17 Q44n. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police How often, if ever did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or fo a favour for a police officer in order to avoid a problem during one of these encounters? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 593 1 Once or twice 141 2 A few times 121 3 Often 181 7 Not applicable 1355 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 9 Q45. Higher taxes with more govt services vs. lower taxes with fewer govt services Now let us talk about the tax system in this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 746 2 Agree with 1 409 3 Agree with 2 334 4 Agree very strongly with 2 619 5 Agree with neither 229 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 58 Q46a. Difficulty to find out what taxes or fees to pay 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 92 2 Easy 430 3 Difficult 923 4 Very difficult 549 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 404 Q46b. Difficulty to find out how government uses tax revenues 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 75 2 Easy 284 3 Difficult 834 4 Very difficult 851 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 354 Q46c. Taxes for ordinary people: too little, too much, or about the right amount 46C. Do you think that the amount of taxes that ordinary people in Ghana are required to pay to the government is too little, too much, or about the right amount? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Far too little 75 2 Somewhat too little 124 3 About the right amount 838 4 Somewhat too much 450 5 Far too much 509 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 400 Q46d. Taxes for the rich: too little, too much, or about the right amount 46D. Do you think that the amount of taxes that rich people in Ghana are required to pay to the government is too little, too much, or about the right amount? 2400 1 7 -1 Missing 0 1 Far too little 528 2 Somewhat too little 360 3 About the right amount 643 4 Somewhat too much 138 5 Far too much 119 6 Don’t know 609 7 Refused 3 Q47a. Government should ensure small traders and informal sector pay taxes 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 293 2 Disagree 227 3 Neither agree or disagree 84 4 Agree 957 5 Strongly agree 798 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 39 Q47b. Fairness of high taxes for the rich to help the poor 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 225 2 Disagree 224 3 Neither agree or disagree 141 4 Agree 655 5 Strongly agree 1076 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 76 Q47c. Taxes used by government for the well-being of citizens 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 292 2 Disagree 382 3 Neither agree or disagree 180 4 Agree 797 5 Strongly agree 525 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know 216 Q47d. People avoid paying taxes In your opinion, how often, in this country, do people avoid paying the taxes that they owe the government? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 120 1 Rarely 282 2 Often 1070 3 Always 672 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 254 Q48pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response, other If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 2379 AGAINST HOMOSEXUALITY 1 ALL THE COMPANIES HAVE THEIR HEADQUARTERS BASED IN ACCRA DECENTRALIZATION 1 CHIEFTAINCY 1 CLOSING OF BANK 1 DISHONESTY ON THE PART OF PASTORS IN THE COUNTRY 1 1 HE SHOULD BAN MALLAMS AND FAKE PASTORS AND TAKE TAX FROM THE PASTORS WHO SELL OIL AND OTHER THINGS IN CHURCH 1 HE SHOULD LET US KNOW WHAT HE IS DOING FOR THE COUNTRY 1 HE SHOULD MAKE WAY FOR US TO WORK AND NOT BLOCK OUR PATH 1 HELPING THE DISABLED 1 IMMIGRANTS 1 INDISCIPLINE 1 INTEGRITY 1 LEADERS SHOULD HAND OVER GOVERNANCE INTO GOD'S HANDS 1 NEGATIVE INFLUENCE FROM MUSICIANS 1 PAY PENSIONERS 1 RIGHT REPORTAGE 1 SOCIAL VICES 1 SPORTS 1 1 SUPERSTITION 1 Q48pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim) 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 Nothing/ no problems 5 1 Management of the economy 190 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 43 3 Unemployment 438 4 Poverty/destitution 49 5 Rates and Taxes 45 6 Loans / credit 21 7 Farming/agriculture 63 8 Food shortage/famine 6 9 Drought 0 10 Land 2 11 Transportation 29 12 Communications 3 13 Infrastructure / roads 596 14 Education 289 15 Housing 9 16 Electricity 44 17 Water supply 131 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 2 19 Services (other) 12 20 Health 138 21 AIDS 0 22 Sickness / Disease 1 23 Crime and Security 79 24 Corruption 119 25 Political violence 0 26 Political instability/political divisions/ ethnic tensions 0 27 Discrimination/ inequality 8 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 0 29 Democracy/political rights 9 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 32 Agricultural marketing 4 33 Climate change 1 9995 Other responses 21 9998 Refused 36 9999 Don’t know 7 Q48pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response, other If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 2377 ADDRESS RIGHT TO INFORMATION BILL 1 BIG MOSQUE FOR PRAYERS 1 DRUG ABUSE 1 END OF SERVICES BENEFIT 1 FETISH PRIEST ADVERTS SHOULD BE STOP 1 GALAMSEY 1 GIVING EAR TO THE PUBLIC TO ADDRESS ISSUES RAISED 1 GOVERNMENT SHOULD REGULATE PREACHERS 1 HELP THE YOUNG PEOPLE TO IMPROVE ON THEIR TALENT 1 HELPING THE CHURCH 1 HUGE EXPENDITURES MADE BY GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS TO THE DISADVANTAGE OF THE POOR TAX PAYER 1 INDISCIPLINE 1 LORRY FARE 1 NO TRADITIONAL HEAD 1 OUR LEADERS ARE SELFISH 1 PAYMENT OF CONTRACTORS 1 PROBLEMS WITH THE YOUTH 1 REINTRODUCTION OF GALAMSEY 1 SPORTS 1 THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD CONTINUE THE OLD STRUCTURE THE PAST GOVERNMENT STARTED 1 THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAND OVER GOVERNANCE INTO GOD'S HANDS 1 TRUTHFULNESS 1 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT 1 Q48pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim) 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 1 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 Management of the economy 138 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 47 3 Unemployment 295 4 Poverty/destitution 54 5 Rates and Taxes 31 6 Loans / credit 32 7 Farming/agriculture 88 8 Food shortage/famine 10 9 Drought 2 10 Land 1 11 Transportation 14 12 Communications 11 13 Infrastructure / roads 461 14 Education 318 15 Housing 12 16 Electricity 97 17 Water supply 154 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 4 19 Services (other) 9 20 Health 218 21 AIDS 0 22 Sickness / Disease 0 23 Crime and Security 113 24 Corruption 60 25 Political violence 0 26 Political instability/political divisions/ ethnic tensions 3 27 Discrimination/ inequality 13 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 9 29 Democracy/political rights 12 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 32 Agricultural marketing 11 33 Climate change 0 9995 Other responses 23 9996 No further reply 160 9998 Refused 0 Q48pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response, other If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 2373 CAPACITY BUILDING 1 CHIEFTAINCY 1 CHURCH 1 COMMUNITY CENTER 1 COOKING FUEL 1 DISCIPLINE 1 DISCONTINUATION OF PROJECTS OF PAST GOVERNMENTS 1 DISHONESTY ON THE PART OF US AS GHANAIANS 1 DISTRICT REINTEGRATION 1 DOCUMENTS OF IMMIGRANTS MUST BE CHECKED PROPERLY 1 DRUG ABUSE 2 DUTY FREE SHIPPING OF CARS 1 ENHANCEMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING 1 INDISCIPLINE 1 KVIP 1 PLACE OF CONVENIENCE 1 POLLUTION OF THE SEA 1 PROHIBITING THE USE OF HARD DRUGS 1 PROPER DOCUMENTATION OF FOREIGN 1 REGULATE THE MEDIA 1 REGULATIONS OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS 1 SHARING OF THE NATIONAL CAKE 1 SUPPORT INDIVIDUAL WORK 1 TOO MUCH ADVERTISEMENT OF FETISH PRIEST 1 TOO MUCH CHEMICALS IN OUR FOODS 1 TOURISM 1 Q48pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim) 48. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response If respondent offers more than three options, ask “Which three of these are the most important?” If respondent offers one or two answers, ask “Anything else?” Do not read options. Code from responses. Accept up to three answers. 2400 1 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 Management of the economy 122 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 39 3 Unemployment 203 4 Poverty/destitution 63 5 Rates and Taxes 32 6 Loans / credit 32 7 Farming/agriculture 83 8 Food shortage/famine 9 9 Drought 1 10 Land 0 11 Transportation 20 12 Communications 9 13 Infrastructure / roads 324 14 Education 313 15 Housing 15 16 Electricity 87 17 Water supply 130 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 7 19 Services (other) 14 20 Health 274 21 AIDS 0 22 Sickness / Disease 0 23 Crime and Security 109 24 Corruption 53 25 Political violence 2 26 Political instability/political divisions/ ethnic tensions 6 27 Discrimination/ inequality 6 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 6 29 Democracy/political rights 16 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 32 Agricultural marketing 9 33 Climate change 0 9995 Other responses 27 9996 No further reply 389 9998 Refused 0 Q48B-GHA. Government handling MIP 48B-GHA. Thinking of the most important problem(s) you mentioned, would you say the current government has done nothing at all, a little bit, somewhat or a lot to address them since it assumed office in January 2017? Remind respondent of the problem(s) identified 2400 -1 9 -1 Missing 107 0 Not at all 773 1 A little bit 1029 2 Somewhat 286 3 A lot 91 7 Not applicable 48 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 66 Q49a. More taxes to support youth programs 49A. If the government decided to make people pay more taxes in order to support programs to help young people, would you support this decision or oppose it? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly oppose 423 2 Somewhat oppose 254 3 Neither support nor oppose 130 4 Somewhat support 547 5 Strongly support 902 6 It depends 113 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 29 Q49b. Priorities for government investment in youth programs 49B. If the government could increase its spending on programs to help young people, which of the following areas do you think should be the highest priority for additional investment? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None of the above / Some other program 17 1 Job creation 1404 2 Education 474 3 Jobs training 273 4 Business loans 141 5 Social services for youth 67 6 Government should not increase spending 5 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 15 Q50a. Handling managing the economy Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 609 2 Fairly badly 464 3 Fairly well 990 4 Very well 256 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 78 Q50b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 727 2 Fairly badly 615 3 Fairly well 810 4 Very well 177 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 68 Q50c. Handling creating jobs Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 693 2 Fairly badly 584 3 Fairly well 856 4 Very well 174 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 90 Q50d. Handling keeping prices stable Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 894 2 Fairly badly 714 3 Fairly well 571 4 Very well 137 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 81 Q50e. Handling narrowing gaps between rich and poor Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 935 2 Fairly badly 661 3 Fairly well 560 4 Very well 121 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 120 Q50f. Handling reducing crime Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 727 2 Fairly badly 562 3 Fairly well 789 4 Very well 229 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 91 Q50g. Handling improving basic health services Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 420 2 Fairly badly 443 3 Fairly well 1169 4 Very well 306 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 59 Q50h. Handling addressing educational needs Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 301 2 Fairly badly 312 3 Fairly well 1044 4 Very well 706 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 34 Q50i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 482 2 Fairly badly 526 3 Fairly well 1050 4 Very well 297 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 42 Q50j. Handling fighting corruption in government Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 819 2 Fairly badly 496 3 Fairly well 759 4 Very well 205 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 116 Q50k. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 862 2 Fairly badly 558 3 Fairly well 751 4 Very well 177 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 49 Q50l. Handling providing a reliable supply of electricity Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 397 2 Fairly badly 345 3 Fairly well 1034 4 Very well 583 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 38 Q50m. Handling preventing or resolving violent conflict Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 413 2 Fairly badly 521 3 Fairly well 1040 4 Very well 297 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 126 Q50n. Handling addressing the needs of young people Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 623 2 Fairly badly 556 3 Fairly well 923 4 Very well 198 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 96 Q50o. Handling protecting rights and promoting opportunities for disabled people Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 398 2 Fairly badly 377 3 Fairly well 984 4 Very well 280 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 355 Q51a. Performance: President 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 377 2 Disapprove 470 3 Approve 962 4 Strongly approve 510 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 75 Q51b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 596 2 Disapprove 722 3 Approve 695 4 Strongly approve 209 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 174 Q51c. Performance: local government councillor 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 531 2 Disapprove 647 3 Approve 797 4 Strongly approve 222 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 201 Q51c1-GHA. Performance: Metropolitan, Municipal or District Chief Executive 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 525 2 Disapprove 735 3 Approve 669 4 Strongly approve 142 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 325 Q51d. Performance: traditional leader 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disapprove 420 2 Disapprove 342 3 Approve 919 4 Strongly approve 311 7 Not applicable 80 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 323 Q52a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The president / executive 867 1 The Parliament / county assembly 308 2 Their political party 137 3 The voters 884 4 No one 36 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 164 Q52b. Who responsible: president does job 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The president / executive 243 1 The Parliament / county assembly 747 2 Their political party 139 3 The voters 1038 4 No one 54 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 177 Q53a. Elections ensure voters' views are reflected Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all well 207 1 Not very well 547 2 Well 877 3 Very well 604 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 163 Q53b. Elections enable voters to remove leaders from office Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all well 136 1 Not very well 422 2 Well 832 3 Very well 853 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 156 Q53c. Communities that do not vote for the ruling party suffer negative consequences 53C. How often do you think that communities that do not vote for the ruling party suffer negative consequences, such as lack of government support for local services or development projects? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 599 1 Rarely 441 2 Sometimes 706 3 Often 311 4 Always 190 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 152 Q54a. Feared violence in neighbourhood [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, never 1803 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 336 2 Yes, feared and experienced 227 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 30 Q54b. Feared violence during public protest [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, never 1811 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 355 2 Yes, feared and experienced 179 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 54 Q55a. Radio news Now let us talk about the media and how you get information about politics and other issues. Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 231 1 Less than once a month 119 2 A few times a month 187 3 A few times a week 525 4 Every day 1333 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 5 Q55b. Television news Now let us talk about the media and how you get information about politics and other issues. Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 489 1 Less than once a month 132 2 A few times a month 166 3 A few times a week 463 4 Every day 1138 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 12 Q55c. Newspaper news Now let us talk about the media and how you get information about politics and other issues. Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1808 1 Less than once a month 183 2 A few times a month 147 3 A few times a week 122 4 Every day 109 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 31 Q55d. Internet news Now let us talk about the media and how you get information about politics and other issues. Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1468 1 Less than once a month 79 2 A few times a month 120 3 A few times a week 225 4 Every day 457 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 51 Q55e. Social media news Now let us talk about the media and how you get information about politics and other issues. Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1391 1 Less than once a month 67 2 A few times a month 108 3 A few times a week 222 4 Every day 532 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 79 Q56. News media free of censorship by the government 56. In your opinion, how free is the news media in this country to report and comment on the news without censorship or interference by the government? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all free 100 1 Not very free 351 2 Somewhat free 782 3 Completely free 965 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 199 Q57a. Spread false information: government officials Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 187 1 Rarely 360 2 Sometimes 1249 3 Often 407 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 196 Q57b. Spread false information: politicians and political parties Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 108 1 Rarely 245 2 Sometimes 1218 3 Often 657 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 171 Q57c. Spread false information: news media and journalists Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 151 1 Rarely 383 2 Sometimes 1360 3 Often 290 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 214 Q57d. Spread false information: social media users Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 74 1 Rarely 198 2 Sometimes 1067 3 Often 453 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 603 Q57e. Spread false information: activists and interest groups Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 149 1 Rarely 363 2 Sometimes 1132 3 Often 243 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 508 Q58a. Government prohibits: news or information that is false Let’s talk about whether the government should be able to limit the sharing of news, information, or opinions on radio and TV, in newspapers, or on the internet and social media. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 187 2 Disagree 176 3 Neither agree or disagree 87 4 Agree 1062 5 Strongly agree 781 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 104 Q58b. Government prohibits: news, information, or opinions that the government disapproves of Let’s talk about whether the government should be able to limit the sharing of news, information, or opinions on radio and TV, in newspapers, or on the internet and social media. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 420 2 Disagree 533 3 Neither agree or disagree 189 4 Agree 798 5 Strongly agree 343 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 115 Q58c. Government prohibits: news, information, or opinions that criticize or insult the president Let’s talk about whether the government should be able to limit the sharing of news, information, or opinions on radio and TV, in newspapers, or on the internet and social media. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 313 2 Disagree 388 3 Neither agree or disagree 203 4 Agree 872 5 Strongly agree 504 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 118 Q58d. Government prohibits: hate speech Let’s talk about whether the government should be able to limit the sharing of news, information, or opinions on radio and TV, in newspapers, or on the internet and social media. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 192 2 Disagree 296 3 Neither agree or disagree 126 4 Agree 884 5 Strongly agree 762 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 138 Q59a. Heard about social media 59. Have you heard about social media, for example, Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 733 1 Yes 1567 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 98 Q59b. Social media: makes people more informed about current events If answer to Q59A was 0=No or 9=DK, select 7 = NA for all parts B-F and continue to Q60 (tablet will do an automatic skip) 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 36 2 Disagree 19 3 Neither agree or disagree 23 4 Agree 728 5 Strongly agree 706 7 Not applicable 833 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 55 Q59c. Social media:makes people more likely to believe false news If answer to Q59A was 0=No or 9=DK, select 7 = NA for all parts B-F and continue to Q60 (tablet will do an automatic skip) 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 44 2 Disagree 78 3 Neither agree or disagree 48 4 Agree 769 5 Strongly agree 567 7 Not applicable 833 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 60 Q59d. Social media:helps people have more impact on political processes If answer to Q59A was 0=No or 9=DK, select 7 = NA for all parts B-F and continue to Q60 (tablet will do an automatic skip) 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 23 2 Disagree 82 3 Neither agree or disagree 93 4 Agree 773 5 Strongly agree 459 7 Not applicable 833 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 137 Q59e. Social media: makes people more intolerant If answer to Q59A was 0=No or 9=DK, select 7 = NA for all parts B-F and continue to Q60 (tablet will do an automatic skip) 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 79 2 Disagree 158 3 Neither agree or disagree 134 4 Agree 679 5 Strongly agree 361 7 Not applicable 833 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 154 Q59f. Effects of social media on society If yes on Q59A, ask: 59F. Overall, do you think that the effects of social media on society are mostly positive, mostly negative, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 132 2 Somewhat negative 223 3 Neither positive nor negative 197 4 Somewhat positive 662 5 Very positive 260 7 Not applicable 833 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 92 Q60. Unrestricted access to the Internet vs regulated access 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 607 2 Agree with 1 555 3 Agree with 2 291 4 Agree very strongly with 2 475 5 Agree with neither 74 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 395 Q61. Free movement in region vs limit cross-border movement Now let's talk about how our country should relate to other countries in West Africa and in the world. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 792 2 Agree with 1 431 3 Agree with 2 321 4 Agree very strongly with 2 718 5 Agree with neither 45 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know 85 Q62. Difficulty to move across borders 62. In your opinion, how easy or difficult is it for people in West Africa to cross international borders in order to work or trade in other countries, or haven't you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 777 2 Difficult 831 3 Easy 334 4 Very easy 114 7 Never try 191 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 146 Q63. Finance development from own resources vs use external loans 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1095 2 Agree with 1 622 3 Agree with 2 196 4 Agree very strongly with 2 235 5 Agree with neither 153 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know 92 Q64a. Loans tied to strict requirements by lenders vs government decides how to spend loans 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 509 2 Agree with 1 304 3 Agree with 2 443 4 Agree very strongly with 2 958 5 Agree with neither 86 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know 93 Q64b. Loans tied to promotion of democracy and human rights vs government decides about democracy and human rights 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 464 2 Agree with 1 334 3 Agree with 2 556 4 Agree very strongly with 2 848 5 Agree with neither 71 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know 120 Q65a. Country receives loans or development assistance from China 65A. To your knowledge, does China give loans or development assistance to our country’s government, or haven’t you had a chance to hear about this? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 546 1 Yes 1396 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know 450 Q65b. Government required to repay China for loans If yes to Q65A, ask: 65. When the government of China gives loans or development assistance to Ghana, do you think they put more requirements or fewer requirements on our government compared to other donor countries, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 97 1 Yes 1223 7 Not applicable 1004 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 75 Q65c. Government borrowed too much money from China If yes to Q65A, ask: 65. Do you think our government has borrowed too much money from China, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 128 1 Yes 946 7 Not applicable 1004 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 320 Q65d. Requirements on loans and assistance from China If yes to Q65A, ask: When the government of China gives loans or development assistance to Ghana, do you think they put more requirements or fewer requirements on our government compared to other donor countries, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Far fewer requirements 120 1 Somewhat fewer requirements 243 2 About the same number of requirements 92 3 Somewhat more requirements 222 4 Many more requirements 233 7 Not applicable 1004 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 486 Q66. Open trade for development vs protection of local proucers 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 574 2 Agree with 1 416 3 Agree with 2 397 4 Agree very strongly with 2 867 5 Agree with neither 48 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know 90 Q67. Limit trade in consumer goods to nationals vs allow foreigners to trade 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 645 2 Agree with 1 554 3 Agree with 2 442 4 Agree very strongly with 2 563 5 Agree with neither 110 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 80 Q68. Diverse communities stronger vs similar communities stronger 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 1016 2 Agree with 1 527 3 Agree with 2 234 4 Agree very strongly with 2 503 5 Agree with neither 64 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 52 Q69a. Best model for the future development In your opinion, which of the following countries, if any, would be the best model for the future development of our country, or is there some other country in Africa or elsewhere, that should be our model? 2400 -1 9999 -1 Missing 1 0 None of these / There is no role model 61 1 United States 866 2 China 435 3 Britain 211 4 Rwanda 8 5 South Africa 77 6 Ethiopia 11 7 We should follow our own country’s model 311 9995 Other country 51 9998 Refused 6 9999 Don’t know 362 Q69aother. Best model for the future development (verbatim) 2400 2349 ARABIANS 1 BRAZIL 2 CANADA 5 DUBAI 5 GERMANY 8 ISRAEL 1 ITALY 1 JAPAN 5 KOREA 1 LIBYA 2 MALAYSIA 8 NETHERLANDS 1 NIGERIA 1 QATAR 1 SAUDI ARABIA 1 SINGAPORE 3 SOUTH KOREA 2 SPAIN 1 SWITZERLAND 1 TOGO 1 Q69b. Influence of China on country 69B. How much influence do you think China’s economic activities in Ghana have on our economy, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 102 1 A little 266 2 Some 549 3 A lot 691 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 786 Q70a. Influence of organization: African Union 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 114 2 Somewhat negative 163 3 Neither positive nor negative 128 4 Somewhat positive 686 5 Very positive 387 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 913 Q70b. Influence of organization: SADC 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 74 2 Somewhat negative 158 3 Neither positive nor negative 131 4 Somewhat positive 720 5 Very positive 394 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 914 Q70c. Influence of organization: United Nations agencies 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 53 2 Somewhat negative 104 3 Neither positive nor negative 118 4 Somewhat positive 672 5 Very positive 518 8 Refused 10 9 Don’t know 925 Q70d. Influence of country: Britain And what about the following countries? Do you think that the economic and political influence of each of the following countries on Ghana is mostly positive, mostly negative, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 116 2 Somewhat negative 186 3 Neither positive nor negative 109 4 Somewhat positive 760 5 Very positive 434 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 791 Q70e. Influence of country: China And what about the following countries? Do you think that the economic and political influence of each of the following countries on Ghana is mostly positive, mostly negative, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 224 2 Somewhat negative 256 3 Neither positive nor negative 129 4 Somewhat positive 770 5 Very positive 342 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 674 Q70f. Influence of country: United States And what about the following countries? Do you think that the economic and political influence of each of the following countries on Ghana is mostly positive, mostly negative, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 84 2 Somewhat negative 147 3 Neither positive nor negative 126 4 Somewhat positive 820 5 Very positive 489 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 730 Q70g. Influence of country: Regional Superpower And what about the following countries? Do you think that the economic and political influence of each of the following countries on Ghana is mostly positive, mostly negative, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very negative 746 2 Somewhat negative 361 3 Neither positive nor negative 133 4 Somewhat positive 371 5 Very positive 139 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 647 Q71. Most important languages for next generation to learn 71. In thinking about the future of the next generation in our country, which of these international languages, if any, do you think is most important for young people to learn? 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 None of these / No international language needed 63 1 English 1576 2 French 545 3 Portuguese 5 4 Arabic 59 5 Chinese 30 6 Kiswahili 5 95 Other 66 98 Refused 0 99 Don’t know 51 Q71other. Most important languages for next generation to learn (verbatim) 2400 2334 1 AKAN 2 ALL 1 ALL LANGUAGES 4 ALL LISTED LANGUAGE 1 ALL OF THE ABOVE STATED LANGUAGES 1 ALL THE LANGUAGES 2 ALL THE LANGUAGES BECAUSE OF TRADE 1 ASANTE TWI 1 BOTH ENGLISH AND FRENCH 2 BOTH ENGLISH FRENCH 1 BOTH FRENCH AND ENGLISH 1 DAGAARE 1 DUTCH 3 ENGLISH AND FRENCH 6 ENGLISH AND TWI 2 ENGLISH, ARABIC AND OUR LOCAL LANGUAGES 1 ENGLISH, FRENCH AND TWI 1 EWE 1 GERMAN 4 GHANAIAN LANGUAGE 3 GREECE 1 HAUSA 5 JAMAICAN LANGUAGE 1 LOCAL LANGUAGE - TWI 1 NIGERIA 1 NOT INTERESTED 1 OUR LOCAL LANGUAGE 1 OUR LOCAL LANGUAGE - TWI 1 OUR LOCAL LANGUAGE -,TWI 1 OUR OWN LANGUAGE 3 SPANISH 1 THE MOST SPOKEN LOCAL LANGUAGE 1 TWI 7 USE THE MOST DOMINATED AKAN LANGUAGE 1 Q72a. Heard about climate change 72. Have you heard about climate change, or haven’t you had the chance to hear about this yet? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1037 1 Yes 1192 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 169 Q72b. Climate change: affecting country If 1=yes to Q72A, ask: 72B. Do you think climate change is making life in Ghana better or worse, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much better 134 2 Somewhat better 288 3 Neither/ no change / about the same 123 4 Somewhat worse 352 5 Much worse 230 7 Not applicable 1208 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 64 Q73. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Let’s talk for a moment about the kind of society you would like to have in this country. Some people say that, in order to enjoy security from violence in our society, we must limit the amount of freedom that citizens are allowed to enjoy. Others say that political liberty is too important to sacrifice and must always be maintained, even if it threatens the security of the country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 326 2 Agree with 1 225 3 Agree with 2 483 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1304 5 Agree with neither 31 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 28 Q74. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacynt age 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 612 2 Agree with 1 391 3 Agree with 2 444 4 Agree very strongly with 2 836 5 Agree with neither 72 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 43 Q75. Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 769 2 Agree with 1 517 3 Agree with 2 403 4 Agree very strongly with 2 619 5 Agree with neither 62 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 28 Q76a-GHA. Aware of December 2019 referendum 76A-GHA. Are you aware of the December 2019 referendum to determine whether local government elections should be made partisan or remain non-partisan? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1205 1 Yes 1023 8 Refused to Answer 2 9 Don't Know 170 Q76b-GHA. Agree or disagree: Electoral Commission should be partisan in preparations for referendum If yes to 76A-GHA, ask: 76B-GHA. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements: The Electoral Commission’s preparations towards the December 2019 referendum to determine whether local government elections should be made partisan or remain non-partisan have been satisfactory. 2400 1 9997 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 108 2 Disagree 194 3 Neither agree nor disagree 84 4 Agree 389 5 Strongly agree 168 8 Refused to Answer 3 9 Don't Know 77 9997 Not applicable 1377 Q76c-GHA. Education on the December 2019 referendum If yes to 76A-GHA, ask: 76C-GHA. Would you say there has been little, a lot, or no education at all on the December 2019 referendum that will determine whether local government elections should be made partisan or remain non-partisan? Code 7=Not applicable if respondent selects 0=No or 9=Don’t know in Q76A 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not at all 229 1 Yes, a little 555 2 Yes, a lot 184 7 Not applicable 1382 8 Refused to Answer 0 9 Don’t know 50 Q76d-GHA. Vote in December 2019 referendum 76D-GHA. How likely or not is it that you will vote in the December 2019 referendum that will determine whether local government elections should be made partisan or remain non-partisan? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 431 1 Not very likely 253 2 Somewhat likely 371 3 Very likely 1035 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 306 Q77a-GHA. Agree or disagree: Electoral Commission fair to all political parties 77A-GHA. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements: The Electoral Commission has always remained fair to all political parties, even with changes in leadership. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 130 2 Disagree 426 3 Neither agree nor disagree 292 4 Agree 993 5 Strongly agree 325 8 Refused 5 9 Don't Know 229 Q77b-GHA. Organization of limited voter registration exercise by Electoral Commission 77B-GHA. The Electoral Commission recently carried out a limited voter registration exercise. In your opinion, would you say the exercise was well or badly organized or you have not heard enough to say? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very badly organized 238 1 Fairly badly organized 308 2 Fairly well organized 923 3 Very well organized 547 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 380 Q78a-GHA. SHS policy has created opportunity for poor to obtain education 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 117 2 Disagree 107 3 Neither agree nor disagree 64 4 Agree 555 5 Strongly agree 1516 8 Refused 1 9 Don't Know 40 Q78b-GHA. Support SHS even if it leads to an increase in the number of educated citizens who cannot find a job 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 512 2 Disagree 465 3 Neither agree nor disagree 179 4 Agree 579 5 Strongly agree 621 8 Refused 2 9 Don't Know 42 Q78c-GHA. SHS policy should have targeted only poor 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 663 2 Disagree 442 3 Neither agree nor disagree 113 4 Agree 444 5 Strongly agree 698 8 Refused 1 9 Don't Know 39 Q78d-GHA. Government ensure necessary structures for free SHS before implementation vs address issues as they arise 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 845 2 Agree with 1 337 3 Agree with 2 264 4 Agree very strongly with 2 854 5 Agree with neither 50 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 48 Q79a-GHA. Money safe with: Traditional ‘susu’ collectors Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 1134 1 Not safe 593 2 Somewhat safe 436 3 Very safe 186 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 51 Q79b-GHA. Money safe with: Banks Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 171 1 Not safe 179 2 Somewhat safe 618 3 Very safe 1387 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 45 Q79c-GHA. Money safe with: Savings and loans company Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 801 1 Not safe 664 2 Somewhat safe 637 3 Very safe 197 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 99 Q79d-GHA. Money safe with: Microfinance companies Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 835 1 Not safe 687 2 Somewhat safe 594 3 Very safe 169 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 114 Q79e-GHA. Money safe with: Mobile money wallet Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 239 1 Not safe 334 2 Somewhat safe 887 3 Very safe 858 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 82 Q79f-GHA. Money safe with: At home Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all safe 1161 1 Not safe 432 2 Somewhat safe 506 3 Very safe 278 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 21 Q80a-GHA. Contact or experience with the formal justice system in Ghana 80A-GHA. Have you, in the past 12 months, had contact or experience with the formal justice system in Ghana? Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2248 1 Yes 117 8 Refused to Answer 1 9 Don't Know 34 Q80b1. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Independence If yes to Q80A, ask: Code 7=Not Applicable for 1-6 if answer is 0=No in Q80A 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 17 1 Low 25 2 Moderate 36 3 High 21 4 Very high 17 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 1 Q80b2. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Professionalism of officials 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 20 1 Low 30 2 Moderate 29 3 High 23 4 Very high 12 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q80b3. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Corruption 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 12 1 Low 10 2 Moderate 30 3 High 33 4 Very high 28 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 4 Q80b4. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Fairness 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 24 1 Low 31 2 Moderate 33 3 High 19 4 Very high 7 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q80b5. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Responsiveness 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 20 1 Low 39 2 Moderate 33 3 High 15 4 Very high 7 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q80b6. Evaluaton of formal justice delivery system: Transparency 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Very low 27 1 Low 34 2 Moderate 32 3 High 15 4 Very high 6 7 Not applicable 2283 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q80c-GHA-PT1. Most important reason to not using the formal justice delivery system in Ghana Do not read out options. Code from responses given by respondent 2400 1 9999 -1 Missing 0 1 Costs of using formal justice system too expensive 740 2 Formal justice system procedures too complex and technical to understand 137 3 Formal justice system proceedings take a long time before judgement is given 253 4 Sectors within the formal justice system are located in areas far from where they are needed most 45 5 Formal justice system service providers are not available in most parts of the country 32 6 Absence of legal aid services or free legal help for people like me who cannot afford the cost 54 7 The formal justice system favors the rich and powerful against the poor 224 8 Officials in the formal justice system will demand money or favor before rendering needed service 91 9995 Other responses 193 9998 Refused 31 9999 Don’t know 600 Q80c-GHA-PT1Other Do not read out options. Code from responses given by respondent 2400 Q80c-GHA-PT2. Second most important reason to not using the formal justice delivery system in Ghana 2400 1 9998 -1 Missing 0 1 Costs of using formal justice system too expensive 313 2 Formal justice system procedures too complex and technical to understand 166 3 Formal justice system proceedings take a long time before judgement is given 285 4 Sectors within the formal justice system are located in areas far from where they are needed most 76 5 Formal justice system service providers are not available in most parts of the country 61 6 Absence of legal aid services or free legal help for people like me who cannot afford the cost 81 7 The formal justice system favors the rich and powerful against the poor 298 8 Officials in the formal justice system will demand money or favor before rendering needed service 120 9995 Other responses 30 9996 No further reply 966 9998 Refused 4 Q80c-GHA-PT2Other 2400 2372 FEAR OF THE FORMAL SYSTEM 1 GIVE IT TO GOD ATTITUDE 1 HE OR SHE WOULDN'T GAIN ANYTHING FROM IT 1 HONESTY AND TRUST 1 I HAVE NOT HAD ANYTHING TO DO WITH THEM BEFORE 1 IFNYOU DO NOT KNOW ANYONE NO ONE WOULD LISTEN TO YOU 1 JUSTICE IS NOT JUSTICE IN GHANA BUT INJUSTICE 1 LACK OF JUSTICE 1 LACK OF TRUST 1 LACK OF TRUST IN THE JUDGES 1 LACK OF TRUTHFULNESS 1 MONEY WASTING 1 NOT TO BE CALLED BAD NAMES 1 PEOPLE ARE AFRAID 1 PEOPLE DO NOT TRUST THEM 1 PETTY OFFENDORS SHOULD BE GIVEN COMMUNITY SERVICE 1 RELATION 1 RELATIONSHIP 1 RELIGION 1 SETTLEMENT AT HOME 1 THE LEGAL PRACTIONERS DO NOT HAVE TIME TO ATTEND TO THEIR CLIENTS 1 THERE IS NO JUST JUDGMENT 1 THEY ARE NOT FAIR 1 THEY ARE NOT FREE AND FAIR 1 THEY ARE NOT TRUTHFUL 1 THEY DO NOT OBEY THE LAW 1 THEY WASTE TIME TO SIT ON AN ISSUE 1 UNFAIR JUDGMENT 1 Q80c-GHA-PT3. Third most important reason to not using the formal justice delivery system in Ghana 2400 1 9998 -1 Missing 0 1 Costs of using formal justice system too expensive 215 2 Formal justice system procedures too complex and technical to understand 141 3 Formal justice system proceedings take a long time before judgement is given 215 4 Sectors within the formal justice system are located in areas far from where they are needed most 63 5 Formal justice system service providers are not available in most parts of the country 79 6 Absence of legal aid services or free legal help for people like me who cannot afford the cost 88 7 The formal justice system favors the rich and powerful against the poor 249 8 Officials in the formal justice system will demand money or favor before rendering needed service 155 9995 Other responses 34 9996 No further reply 1160 9998 Refused 1 Q80c-GHA-PT3Other 2400 2366 AM A CHRISTIAN AND WE ARE TO FORGIVE 1 BEACUSE OF TOMORROW 1 DISTRUST IN THE JUDICIAL SERVICE 1 EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW 1 FAMILY MATTERS 1 FEAR 1 FEAR (INFERIORITY COMPLEX) 1 FEAR OF INTIMIDATION 1 FEAR TO REPORT 1 FEAR(INFERIORITY COMPLEX 1 GETTING COURT SERVICES IS ABOUT WHO YOU KNOW 1 IT IS NOT MORALLY RIGHT TO TAKE SOMEONE TO COURT 1 IT SPOILS RELATIONSHIPS AMONGST FAMILY AND FRIENDS 1 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 1 LACK OF MUCH KNOWLEDGE OF OUR RIGHTS 1 LOSE OF CONFIDENCE IN THE JUDICIARY 1 NO INTEREST IN PURSUING A CASE AT THE COURT 1 NOT FAIR 1 OUT OF COURT SETTLEMENT 1 PEOPLE ARE AFRAID OF LAWYERS 1 PEOPLE BEEN AFRAID OF THE COURT PROCESS 1 POOR RECORD KEEPING 1 POVERTY 1 PREFERS TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES 1 PROXIMIMITY 1 SOME PEOPLE SEE SOME CASES TO BE FAMILY MATTERS 1 THE RICH ARE ALWAYS FAVOURED 1 THERE IS JUSTICE IN GHANA 1 THEY ARE CORRUPT 1 THEY ARE NOT QUALITY IN THEIR OPERATIONS 1 WASTE OF TIME 1 WE DO NOT HAVE FAITH IN THEM 1 WE DO NOT TRUST THEM BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT TRUTHFUL 1 YOUR CASE WOULD NOT BE SAT ON IF YOU REFUSE TO PAY BRIBE 1 Q81. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Let's go back to talking about you. 81. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? Do NOT read options. Code from response] [If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Ghanaian only (9990)”– then select 7=Not applicable for Q82A and Q82B and continue to Q82C (for interviews on tablets the skip wil be done automatially) 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Akan 1171 261 Ewe/Anlo 316 262 Ga/Adangbe 175 263 Dagomba 132 264 Guan 20 265 Gurma 7 266 Grusi 15 267 Mande 3 268 Dagaare 16 269 Dagao 38 270 Frafra 18 271 Gonja 25 272 Hausa 19 273 Krobo 15 274 Kusaal 14 275 Kusasi 37 276 Mamprusi 19 277 Sissila 16 278 Konkomba 69 279 Dagaate 34 9990 Ghanaian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 9 9995 Other 221 9998 Refused to answer 3 9999 Don’t know 8 Q81other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Let's go back to talking about you. Do NOT read options. Code from response] [If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Ghanaian only (9990)”– then select 7=Not applicable for Q82A and Q82B and continue to Q82C (for interviews on tablets the skip wil be done automatially) 2400 Q82a. Ethnic group treated unfairly 82A. How often, if ever, are ___________s [R’s ethnic group] treated unfairly by the government? If response to Q81 was 9990= Ghanaian only, 9998=Refused, or 9999=DK, select 7 = Not applicable for Q82A and Q82B and continue to Q82C (tablet will do an automatic skip) Read out options. 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1706 1 Sometimes 420 2 Often 109 3 Always 68 7 Not applicable 20 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 76 Q82b. Ethnic or national identity 82B. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Motswana and being a ________[R’s ethnic group]. Which of the following statements best expresses your feelings? If response to Q81 was 9990= Ghanaian only, 9998=Refused or 9999=DK, select 7=Not applicable for Q82B and continue to Q82C (tablet will do an automatic skip) 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 I feel only (ethnic group) 74 2 I feel more (ethnic group) than (national identity) 125 3 I feel equally (national identity) and (ethnic group) 1340 4 I feel more (national identity) than (ethnic group) 138 5 I feel only (national identity) 683 7 Not applicable 20 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 16 Q82c. Comfortable: speaking mother tongue in public Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 85 1 Yes 2308 7 Not applicable 4 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q82d. Comfortable: wearing traditional or cultural dress in public Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 105 1 Yes 2281 7 Not applicable 11 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q83. Most people can be trusted 83. Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you must be very careful in dealing with people? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Must be very careful 2186 1 Most people can be trusted 197 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 16 Q83B.1-GCP. Trust people different religion 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all 373 2 Not very much 416 3 Somewhat 944 4 Completely 643 8 Refused 1 9 Don't Know 23 Q83B.2-GCP. Trust people different nationality 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all 598 2 Not very much 498 3 Somewhat 872 4 Completely 398 8 Refused 1 9 Don't Know 33 Q83C.1-GCP. People like you accepted for who they are 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 83 2 Disagree 154 3 Neither agree nor disagree 120 4 Agree 1237 5 Strongly agree 756 8 Refused 0 9 Don't Know 50 Q83C.2-GCP. People like you have a say in country 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly disagree 87 2 Disagree 194 3 Neither agree nor disagree 176 4 Agree 1084 5 Strongly agree 745 8 Refused 0 9 Don't Know 114 Q84a. Experienced unfair treatment based on economic status Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1539 1 Once or twice 335 2 Several times 336 3 Many times 167 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 23 Q84b. Experienced unfair treatment based on religion Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1939 1 Once or twice 200 2 Several times 159 3 Many times 76 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 24 Q84c. Experienced unfair treatment based on ethnicity Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1903 1 Once or twice 215 2 Several times 184 3 Many times 78 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 19 Q85. Unity of people in country 85. Ghanaians are very diverse. They come from different religions, ethnic groups, political parties, and economic and social backgrounds. Overall, would you say that there is more that unites all Ghanaians as one people, or more that divides them? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much more that divides us 186 2 Somewhat more that divides us 349 3 Somewhat more that unites us 687 4 Much more that unites us 1089 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 88 Q86a. Neighbours: people of different religion 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 93 2 Somewhat Dislike 120 3 Would not care 500 4 Somewhat like 577 5 Strongly like 1094 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 14 Q86b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 54 2 Somewhat dislike 102 3 Would not care 494 4 Somewhat like 614 5 Strongly like 1123 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 11 Q86c. Neighbours: homosexuals 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 2127 2 Somewhat dislike 93 3 Would not care 80 4 Somewhat like 49 5 Strongly like 37 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 12 Q86d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 306 2 Somewhat dislike 287 3 Would not care 591 4 Somewhat like 682 5 Strongly like 508 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 24 Q86e. Neighbours: people who support a different political party 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 93 2 Somewhat dislike 103 3 Would not care 610 4 Somewhat like 635 5 Strongly like 930 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 24 Q87a. Influence of traditional leaders: governing your local community Now let's talk about traditional leaders and their role in politics and government in this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 None 136 2 A small amount 476 3 Some 793 4 A lot 850 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 140 Q87b. Influence of traditional leaders: allocating land Now let's talk about traditional leaders and their role in politics and government in this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 None 114 2 A small amount 252 3 Some 687 4 A lot 1241 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 101 Q87c. Influence of traditional leaders: influencing how people in their communities vote Now let's talk about traditional leaders and their role in politics and government in this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 None 1015 2 A small amount 426 3 Some 490 4 A lot 283 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 180 Q87d. Influence of traditional leaders: solving local disputes Now let's talk about traditional leaders and their role in politics and government in this country. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 None 101 2 A small amount 297 3 Some 752 4 A lot 1164 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 82 Q87e. Traditional leaders: amount of influence on governing local community 87E. Do you think that the amount of influence traditional leaders have in governing your local community should increase, stay the same, or decrease? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Decrease a lot 111 2 Decrease somewhat 246 3 Stay the same 785 4 Increase somewhat 557 5 Increase a lot 534 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 162 Q88. Whom do traditional leaders serve 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Do not agree with any of these statements 58 1 Statement 3: Own personal interests 937 2 Statement 2: Interests of politicians and government officials 219 3 Statement 1: What is best for the people in their communities 1087 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 93 Q89a. Traditional leaders advise on vote vs stay out of politics 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 246 2 Agree with 1 232 3 Agree with 2 457 4 Agree very strongly with 2 1304 5 Agree with neither 66 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know 88 Q89b. Traditional leaders in competition with elected leaders vs in cooperation 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 330 2 Agree with 1 315 3 Agree with 2 592 4 Agree very strongly with 2 801 5 Agree with neither 163 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 193 Q90. Traditional leaders bad for democracy 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Weaken democracy 270 2 Don’t make a difference 909 3 Strengthen democracy 946 8 Refused 12 9 Don’t know 263 Q91a. Close to political party 91A. Do you feel close to any particular political party? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not close to any party 1006 1 Yes, feels close to a party 1227 8 Refused 122 9 Don't know 45 Q91b. Which party If "Yes" to Q91A, ask: Which party is that? If answer to Q91A was “No,” “Don’t know,” or “Refused to answer,” this question will be automatically skipped and coded as 9997 = Not applicable. 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 18 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 417 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 677 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 2 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 12 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party (GCPP) 0 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 1 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 4 9997 Not Applicable 1173 9998 Refused 82 9999 Don't know 14 Q91bother. Which party (verbatim) If "Yes" to Q91A, ask: If answer to Q91A was “No,” “Don’t know,” or “Refused to answer,” this question will be automatically skipped and coded as 9997 = Not applicable. 2400 2396 ANY IN POWER 1 PERSONAL 1 RELATE TO ALL OF THEM 1 TPP 1 Q92a. Own radio 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 426 1 Yes, someone else owns 289 2 Yes, do own 1680 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 5 Q92b. Own television 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 572 1 Yes, someone else owns 304 2 Yes, do own 1517 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 7 Q92c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 1437 1 Yes, someone else owns 484 2 Yes, do own 454 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 25 Q92d. Own computer 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 1700 1 Yes, someone else owns 255 2 Yes, do own 392 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 53 Q92e. Own bank account 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 872 1 Yes, someone else owns 301 2 Yes, do own 1188 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 38 Q92f. Own mobile phone 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 148 1 Yes, someone else owns 152 2 Yes, do own 2098 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 2 Q92g. Mobile phone access to internet If “Yes” to personally owning a mobile phone 92G. Does your phone have access to the Internet? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No (Does not have internet access) 1129 1 Yes (Have internet) 937 7 Not applicable 302 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 32 Q92h. How often use a mobile phone 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 118 1 Less than once a month 35 2 A few times a month 53 3 A few times a week 153 4 Every day 2039 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q92i. How often use the internet 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1391 1 Less than once a month 93 2 A few times a month 135 3 A few times a week 204 4 Every day 557 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 19 Q93a. Source of water for household use 93A. What is your main source of water for household use? 2400 1 99 -1 Missing 0 1 Piped water into dwelling 450 2 Piped water into yard, plot or compound 275 3 Public tap or standpipe 768 4 Tubewell or borehole 504 5 Protected dug well 148 6 Unprotected dug well 37 7 Protected spring 13 8 Unprotected spring 45 9 Rainwater collection 14 10 Bottled water 5 11 Purchased from a cart with a small tank or drum 8 12 Purchased from a tanker truck 17 13 Surface water, like a river, dam, lake, pond, stream, canal or irrigation channel 111 95 Other 1 98 Refused 3 99 Don’t know 1 Q93b. Location of toilet or latrine 93B. Do you have a toilet, water closet or latrine available for your use? If yes, ask: "Is it inside your house, inside your compound, or outside your compound, or is there none available?" 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No latrine 708 1 Inside the house 811 2 Inside the compound 323 3 Outside the compound 556 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q94a. Electric connection from mains If it is 100% clear that there is no electricity supply to the home, e.g. in an unserved rural area, do not ask this question. Just select 0=No electricity supply and continue to Q94C. 94A. o you have an electric connection to your home from the [national power grid]? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 367 1 Yes 2026 8 Refused to Answer 1 9 Don't Know 6 Q94b. Electricity available from mains If yes to Q94A, ask: How often is electricity actually available from this connection? 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 45 2 Occasionally 195 3 About half of the time 93 4 Most of the time 983 5 All of the time 707 7 Not Applicable 374 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 3 Q94c. Electricity available other than mains 94C. Does your house use electric power from any source other than [the national power grid]? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 2089 1 Yes 273 8 Refused to Answer 2 9 Don't Know 36 Q94d. Source of electricity other than mains If yes to Q94C, ask: 94D. What is the source of the electricity for this connection? 2400 1 99 -1 Missing 0 1 Batteries or power bank 53 2 Generator 22 3 Solar panels 34 4 Wind power 2 5 Hydro power 147 6 Biogas 2 95 Other 5 96 Multiple sources 2 97 Not Applicable 2127 98 Refused to answer 0 99 Don’t know 6 Q94e. Own electricity source If yes to Q94C, ask: 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Owned by household 225 2 Owned outside of household 35 3 Get power from sources both within and outside of household 4 7 Not Applicable 2127 8 Refused to answer 1 9 Don’t know 8 Q95a. Employment status 95a. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No (not looking) 627 1 No (looking) 455 2 Yes, part time 265 3 Yes, full time 1047 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 5 Q95b. Required to pay an income tax If respondent answered “No (not looking)”, “No (looking)”, or 9=DK to Q95A, select 7=Not applicalbe for this question and continue to Q95C (tablet will do an automatic skip). Otherwise ask: If you have paid employment, that is, regular employment for which you receive something like an hourly wage or a regular salary, are you required to pay an income tax, that is, a tax deducted from your wages by your employer? Read out options. 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not required to pay 268 1 Yes,required to pay 994 7 Not applicable 1088 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 50 Q95c. Occupation of respondent 95c. What is your main occupation? If unemployed, retired, or disabled, ask: "What was your last main occupation?" 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 Never had a job 114 1 Student 159 2 Housewife / homemaker 36 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 682 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 528 5 Retail / Shop 101 6 Unskilled manual worker (e.g., cleaner, laborer, domestic help, unskilled manufacturing worker) 123 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker (e.g., trades like electrician, mechanic, machinist or skilled manufacturing worker) 367 8 Clerical or secretarial 20 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 15 10 Security services (police, army, private security) 28 11 Mid-level professional (e.g., teacher, nurse, mid-level government officer) 147 12 Upper-level professional (e.g., banker/finance, doctor, lawyer, engineer, accountant, professor, senior-level government 35 9995 Other 38 9998 Refused 5 9999 Don’t know 2 Q95cother. Occupation of respondent (verbatim) If unemployed, retired, or disabled, ask: "What was your last main occupation?" 2400 2362 A RETIREE 1 APPRENTICE 6 APPRENTICESHIP 1 FOOTBALL COACH 1 FOOTBALLER 5 LOOKING FOR ONE 1 NOT CURRENTLY WORKING 1 NOT WORKING DUE TO OLD AGE 1 OLD 1 PENSIONER 3 REDUNDANCY 1 RETIRED 9 RETIRED HEALTH WORKER 1 RETIRED LAB TECHNICIAN 1 UNEMPLOYED 5 Q95d. Employer of respondent If respondent has an occupation, i.e. responses on Q95C other than 0=Never had a job, 1=Student, 2= Housewife / Homemaker, ask: Do you work for yourself, for someone else in the private sector or the non governmental sector, or for government? If respondent indicated in previous question that they were unemployed, retired or disabled, ask: "In your last job, did you work for yourself, for someone else in the private sector or the non-governmental sector, or for government?" Read out options. 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Works for self 1559 2 Private sector 317 3 Non Governmental Organizations / Civil society sector 21 4 Government 174 7 Not applicable 307 8 Refused 9 9 Don't know 13 Q96a. Way of deciding how money is used 96a. What is the main way that decisions are made about how to use any money that you have or earn, for example from a job, a business, selling things or other activities? Read out options 2400 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 You make the decisions yourself 1534 2 Your spouse makes the decisions 211 3 You make the decisions jointly with your spouse 335 4 You make the decisions jointly with other family members 148 5 Other family members make the decisions without you 74 6 None of the above / Some other response 13 7 Not applicable, no earnings 75 8 Refused to Answer 1 9 Don’t know 9 Q96b. Who decides how money is used 96b. Who is the head of this household, that is, the person who has primary responsibility for making decisions on behalf of the household? 2400 1 99 -1 Missing 0 1 You [respondent] 1284 2 Respondent’s spouse 527 3 Respondent’s father 289 4 Respondent’s mother 119 5 Respondent’s son 9 6 Respondent’s daughter 2 7 Respondent’s grandfather 22 8 Respondent’s grandmother 15 9 Another male relative 79 10 Another female relative 20 11 Someone else 23 12 More than one person 9 98 Refused 1 99 Don’t know 1 Q96c. Occupation of head of household If respondent is not the head of household, i.e. if the response to 96B was NOT 1=You [respondent] or 99=Don’t know, ask: What is the main occupation of the head of the household? If unemployed, retired, or disabled, ask: "What was his or her last main occupation?" 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 Never had a job 25 1 Student 15 2 Housewife / homemaker 11 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 477 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 155 5 Retail / Shop 21 6 Unskilled manual worker (e.g., cleaner, laborer, domestic help, unskilled manufacturing worker) 39 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker (e.g., trades like electrician, mechanic, machinist or skilled manufacturing worker) 152 8 Clerical or secretarial 4 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 18 10 Security services (police, army, private security) 26 11 Mid-level professional (e.g., teacher, nurse, mid-level government officer) 59 12 Upper-level professional (e.g., banker/finance, doctor, lawyer, engineer, accountant, professor, senior-level government 43 95 Other 63 97 Not Applicable 1286 98 Refused 2 99 Don’t know 4 Q97. Education of respondent 97. What is your highest level of education? 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No formal schooling 412 1 Informal schooling only (including Koranic schooling) 13 2 Some primary schooling 234 3 Primary school completed 318 4 Intermediate school or Some secondary school / high school 536 5 Secondary school / high school completed 551 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university e.g. a diploma or degree from a polytechnic or college 166 7 Some university 48 8 University completed 105 9 Post-graduate 16 98 Refused 0 99 Don’t know 1 Q98a. Religion of respondent 98. What is your religion, if any? 2400 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 None 74 1 Christian only (i.e., respondents says only “Christian”, without identifying a specific sub-group) 479 2 Roman Catholic 241 3 Orthodox 55 4 Coptic 0 5 Anglican 28 6 Lutheran 4 7 Methodist 141 8 Presbyterian 155 9 Baptist 37 10 Quaker / Friends 0 11 Mennonite 0 12 Evangelical 39 13 Pentecostal (e.g., “Born Again” and/or “Saved”) 436 14 Independent (e.g., “African Independent Church”) 24 15 Jehovah’s Witness 17 16 Seventh Day Adventist 47 17 Mormon 2 18 Muslim only (i.e., respondents says only “Muslim”, without identifying a specific sub-group) 382 19 Sunni only (i.e., respondents says only “Sunni” or “Sunni Muslim”, without identifying a specific sub-group) 20 20 Ismaeli 3 21 Mouridiya Brotherhood 0 22 Tijaniya Brotherhood 12 23 Qadiriya Brotherhood 0 24 Shia 0 25 Traditional / ethnic religion 51 26 Hindu 0 27 Bahai 0 28 Agnostic (Do not know if there is a God) 0 29 Atheist (Do not believe in a God) 5 30 Dutch Reformed 0 31 Calvinist 1 32 Church of Christ 24 33 Zionist Christian Church 5 34 Jewish 0 260 Apostolic 31 261 Assembly of God 21 9995 Other 63 9998 Refused 2 9999 Don't know 1 Q98aother. Religion of respondent (verbatim) 2400 Q98b. Religious group treated unfairly by government 98B. How often, if ever, are ___________s [R’s religious group] treated unfairly by the government? If respondent did not identify any religion on Q98A – that is, IF they said 0=None, 9998=Refused, or 9999=Don’t know – then select 7 = Not applicable for Q98B and continue to Q99. (tablet will do automatic skip) Read out options 2400 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1947 1 Sometimes 216 2 Often 48 3 Always 44 7 Not applicable 73 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 70 Q99. Vote for which party 99. If presidential elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? 2400 260 9999 -1 Missing 0 260 Convention People’s Party (CPP) 24 261 National Democratic Congress (NDC) 508 262 New Patriotic Party (NPP) 845 263 People’s National Convention (PNC) 2 264 Progressive People’s Party (PPP) 23 265 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 0 266 Great Consolidated Popular Party (GCPP) 1 267 National Democratic Party (NDP) 1 268 All People’s Party (APC) 0 9995 Other 4 9997 Would not vote 262 9998 Refused to answer 447 9999 Don't know 283 Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) 2400 2396 GHANA UNION MOVEMENT 1 NOT SPECIFIED 1 TPP 1 WHO EVER CONVINCE ME BUT NOT THIS GOVERNMENT 1 Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 100. Just one more question: Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 2400 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No one 25 1 Afrobarometer 952 2 Research Company 123 3 Non-government or religious organization 225 4 University / School / College 18 5 Private company 33 6 Media 18 7 Political party or politician 81 8 Government 559 9 International organization or another country 5 10 God 6 95 Other 37 98 Refused 14 99 Don’t know 304 Time interview ended 2400 Length of interview Length of interview 2400 -1 395 Q101. Gender of respondent 101. Respondent’s gender 2400 1 2 1 Male 1197 2 Female 1203 Q102. Race of respondent 102. Respondent’s race 2400 1 9999 1 Black / African 2397 2 White / European 1 3 Coloured / Mixed race 0 4 Arab / Lebanese / North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 0 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 0 9995 Other 1 9999 Don't know 1 Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) 2400 2399 BREFO 1 Q103. Language of interview 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? 2400 1 9995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 814 260 Akan 1205 261 Ewe/Anlo 90 262 Ga/Dangbe 52 263 Dagbani 115 264 Dagaare 31 265 Kusaal 12 266 Gruni 15 267 Waale 12 9995 Other 54 Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) 2400 2346 AWUTU 2 BISA 4 BONO 1 BREFO 1 BULI 3 DAGAATI 1 FRAFRA 7 GONJA 4 GUAN/AWUTU 1 GURISI 3 KASSIM 1 KASSINA NANKANI 3 KOMKOMBA 4 KUSAASI 7 MAMPRULI 2 MOSHIE 3 NABD 1 NANKANI 2 TALENSI 1 TAMPLIMA 1 TWI 1 ZAMRAMA 1 Q104. Type of shelter of respondent 104. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 2400 1 8 1 Non-traditional / formal house 1841 2 Traditional house / hut 340 3 Temporary structure / shack 37 4 Flat in a block of flats 41 5 Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard 133 7 Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound 3 8 Other 5 Q105. Roof of respondent’s home 105. What was the roof of the respondent’s home or shelter made of? 2400 1 9 1 Metal, aluminum, tin or zinc 2151 2 Tiles 14 3 Shingles 13 4 Thatch or grass 101 5 Plastic sheets 1 6 Asbestos 55 7 Multiple materials 35 8 Concrete 18 9 Some other material 12 10 Could not tell / could not see 0 Q106. Others present 106. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 2400 1 5 1 No one 1356 2 Spouse only 150 3 Children only 251 4 A few others 597 5 Small crowd 46 Q107a. Check with others 107a. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 2400 0 1 0 No 2307 1 Yes 93 Q107b. Influence by others 107b. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 2400 0 1 0 No 2331 1 Yes 69 Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives 107c. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 2400 0 1 0 No 2367 1 Yes 33 Q107d. Feel threatened 107d. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 2400 0 1 0 No 2397 1 Yes 3 Q107e. Physically threatened 107e. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 2400 0 1 0 No 2399 1 Yes 1 Q108. Proportion difficulty answering 108. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 2400 0 4 0 None 2133 1 Few 204 2 Some 42 3 Most 16 4 All 5 Q110a. Respondent friendly 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: friendly, in between, or hostile? 2400 1 3 1 Friendly 2253 2 In between 140 3 Hostile 7 Q110b. Respondent interested 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: interested, in between, or bored? 2400 1 3 1 Interested 2153 2 In between 227 3 Bored 20 Q110c. Respondent cooperative 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: cooperative, in between, or uncooperative? 2400 1 3 1 Cooperative 2207 2 In between 185 3 Uncooperative 8 Q110d. Respondent patient 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: patient, in between, or impatient? 2400 1 3 1 Patient 2212 2 In between 176 3 Impatient 12 Q110e. Respondent at ease 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: at ease, in between, or suspicious? 2400 1 3 1 At ease 2199 2 In between 187 3 Suspicious 14 Q110f. Respondent honest 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: honest, in between, or misleading? 2400 1 3 1 Honest 2177 2 In between 199 3 Misleading 24 Q112. Interviewer Number 112. Interviewer’s number 2400 Q113. Interviewer’s age 113. Interviewer’s age 2400 23 55 23 108 24 100 25 302 26 224 27 107 28 195 29 64 30 83 31 36 32 173 33 129 34 111 35 186 36 58 37 37 38 104 39 100 40 112 42 35 44 50 45 32 55 54 Q114. Interviewer’s gender 114. Interviewer’s gender 2400 1 2 1 Male 1199 2 Female 1201 Q115. Interviewer rural or urban 115. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 2400 1 2 1 Rural 254 2 Urban 2146 3 Semi-Urban 0 Q116. Interviewer's home language 116. Interviewer’s home language 2400 1 267 1 English 58 260 Akan 1447 261 Ewe/Anlo 353 262 Ga/Dangbe 166 263 Dagbani 180 264 Dagaare 64 265 Mampruli 37 266 Hausa 36 267 Guruni 59 9995 Other 0 Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe 117. Interviewer’s ethnic group/tribe: 2400 260 272 260 Akan 1358 261 Ewe / Anlo 411 262 Ga / Adangbe 166 263 Dagomba 217 264 Guan 50 265 Gurma 0 266 Grusi 25 267 Mande 0 268 Moshie 36 269 Hausa 39 270 Frafra 34 271 Dagao 32 272 Dagaare 32 9990 Ghanaian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 0 9995 Other 0 9998 Refused to answer 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q118. Interviewer's education 118. Interviewer’s highest level of education 2400 6 9 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary school / high school 0 5 Secondary school / high school completed 0 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university e.g. a diploma or degree from a polytechnic or college 376 7 Some university 0 8 University completed 1436 9 Post graduate 588 Q119. Other spoken languages_first 119. Which Ghanaian languages do you speak? 2400 1 9995 1 English 806 260 Akan 1020 261 Ewe/Anlo 258 262 Ga/Dangbe 110 263 Dagbani 108 264 Dagaare 64 9995 Other 34 Q119. Other spoken languages_second 2400 260 9996 1 English 0 260 Akan 673 261 Ewe/Anlo 58 262 Ga/Dangbe 160 263 Dagbani 75 264 Dagaare 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 1434 Q119. Other spoken languages_third 2400 261 9996 1 English 0 260 Akan 0 261 Ewe/Anlo 95 262 Ga/Dangbe 168 263 Dagbani 70 264 Dagaare 0 266 Hausa 25 267 Guruni 34 268 Konkonba 39 9995 Other 0 9996 No further response 1969 within country weighting factor Respondent number 2400 0.254741399832162 4.58508439538845 within country weighting factor Respondent number 2400 0.116126996 10.07905708