NGA_2007_AFB-R3.5_v01_M DDI_NGA_2007_AFB-R3.5_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2021-04-26 Metadata Editor Version 01 (April 2021) NGA_2007_AFB-R3.5_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2007 Round 3.5 AFB-R3.5 2007 Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD) Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR) Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) Institute for Development Studies (IDS) Michigan State University (MSU) University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Other Household Survey [hh/oth] Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. A round 3.5 survey was conducted in Nigeria in 2007. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. The survey covered 18 countries in Round 3 (2005-2006). Nigeria National coverage The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Individual The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. nig_r3.5_data.sav 2410 360 .sav Afrobarometer round 3.5 survey data Respondent number Respondent Number 2410 Household back-checked by Sup Household back-checked? 2410 0 1 0 No 858 1 Yes 1552 Household backchecked by QC Household back-checked? 2410 0 1 0 No 2150 1 Yes 260 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 2410 1 2 1 Urban 1169 2 Rural 1241 State State Interviewer: Select appropriate code for State. Write names for District and Town/Village and EA number in the boxes. 2410 340 566 340 Abia 72 341 Adamawa 48 342 Akwa-Ibom 64 343 Anambra 64 344 Bauchi 48 345 Bayelsa 112 346 Benue 48 347 Borno 72 348 Cross-River 64 349 Delta 106 350 Ebonyi 24 351 Edo 72 352 Ekiti 32 353 Enugu 56 354 FCT 32 355 Gombe 40 356 Imo 56 357 Jigawa 56 358 Kaduna 104 359 Kano 112 550 Katsina 88 551 Kebbi 40 552 Kogi 48 553 Kwara 48 554 Lagos 216 555 Nasarawa 24 556 Niger 48 557 Ogun 56 558 Ondo 48 559 Osun 48 560 Oyo 104 561 Plateau 64 562 Rivers 120 563 Sokoto 48 564 Taraba 40 565 Yobe 48 566 Zamfara 40 District District/L.G.A 2410 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 1 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 342 2 Person selected was never at home 156 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 167 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 9 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 8 6 Did not fit gender quota 97 7 No adults in household 74 8 Other 4 997 Not Applicable 1553 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 2 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 194 2 Person selected was never at home 104 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 106 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 13 6 Did not fit gender quota 68 7 No adults in household 33 8 Other 1 997 Not Applicable 1885 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 3 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 66 2 Person selected was never at home 52 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 78 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 7 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 9 6 Did not fit gender quota 64 7 No adults in household 16 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2118 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 4 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 18 2 Person selected was never at home 17 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 34 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 6 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 14 6 Did not fit gender quota 25 7 No adults in household 9 8 Other 2 997 Not Applicable 2285 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 5 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 9 2 Person selected was never at home 4 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 12 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 1 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 2 6 Did not fit gender quota 9 7 No adults in household 5 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2368 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 6 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 2 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 3 7 No adults in household 2 8 Other 0 997 Not Applicable 2401 Reason for Unsuccessful Call 7 Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 2410 1 997 1 Refused to be interviewed 1 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 1 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 1 997 Not Applicable 2407 Previous interview, gender Previous interview was with a: 2410 0 2 0 First interview 317 1 Male 1064 2 Female 1029 This interview, gender This interview must be with a: 2410 1 2 1 Male 1205 2 Female 1205 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 2410 1 2 1 1 2172 2 2 238 Date of Interview Date of interview Interviewer: Enter day, month, and year 2410 2007-01-19 31 2007-01-20 32 2007-01-21 39 2007-01-22 45 2007-01-23 355 2007-01-24 421 2007-01-25 458 2007-01-26 398 2007-01-27 244 2007-01-28 175 2007-01-29 90 2007-01-30 51 2007-01-31 39 2007-02-01 23 2007-02-02 9 Time interview started Interviewer: Enter hour and minute, use 24 hr. clock 2410 Q1. Age Let’s begin by recording a few facts about yourself. 1. How old are you? 2410 18 999 -1 Missing 0 18 100 19 88 20 143 21 116 22 100 23 99 24 117 25 153 26 95 27 92 28 120 29 62 30 129 31 43 32 66 33 24 34 35 35 85 36 24 37 39 38 41 39 25 40 79 41 26 42 48 43 26 44 14 45 53 46 17 47 10 48 27 49 17 50 40 51 9 52 32 53 6 54 11 55 26 56 14 57 14 58 17 59 4 60 26 61 8 62 10 63 5 64 8 65 11 66 6 67 3 68 4 69 2 70 10 72 2 73 1 74 2 75 1 76 1 80 5 83 1 85 1 90 1 93 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 15 Q2. Head of household 2. Are you the head of the household? Interviewer: Circle correct response number 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1714 1 Yes 691 9 Don't know 5 Q3. Number of people in household including children 3. How many people are there in your household, including children? Interviewer: Enter two digit number. Don’t know = 99 2410 1 99 1 99 2 122 3 160 4 267 5 279 6 360 7 246 8 218 9 152 10 107 11 53 12 58 13 39 14 32 15 30 16 16 17 8 18 12 19 8 20 10 21 2 22 5 23 8 24 1 25 5 26 2 27 1 28 2 30 2 31 1 32 2 34 1 36 4 99 Don't Know 98 Q4. Language of respondent 4. Which Nigerian language is your home language? Interviewer: Prompt if necessary: That is, the language of your group of origin 2410 1 995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 31 340 Hausa 500 341 Igbo 422 342 Yoruba 482 343 Pidgin English 0 344 Efik 23 345 Ebira 27 346 Fulani 94 347 Isoko 0 348 Ibibio 76 349 Kanuri 54 350 Tiv 40 351 Nupe 18 352 Ijaw 86 353 Edo 52 354 Igala 41 355 Urhobo 37 356 Idoma 11 357 Bassa 0 358 Ikwere 7 359 Ukwani 0 550 Anang 0 551 Ron 7 552 Geomai 0 553 Kadara 0 554 Pyam 0 555 Bahumono 0 556 Boki 7 557 Yakurr 0 558 Esan 17 559 Bijim 0 560 Ekpeye 6 561 Jaba 0 562 Birom 0 563 Igede 0 564 Pyem 0 565 Taroh 0 566 Korro 0 567 Ogoni 33 568 Mbembe 7 569 Sayawa 0 580 Itsekiri 12 581 Kalabari 0 582 Okirika 0 583 Nembe 14 584 Eggon 14 585 Bade/Badewa 13 586 Kataf Atyp 8 587 Obubra 7 588 Ugep 7 589 Lunguda 6 590 Ankwai 7 591 Honna 0 592 Bude/Gude 0 593 Warenchi 0 594 Wariji 0 595 Babar/Babare 6 596 Bura 0 597 Karekare 6 598 Jabba 0 599 Gwari 0 600 Jarawa/Jare 0 601 Kambiri 0 602 Kamuko 0 603 Arago 0 604 Garde 0 605 Shuwa Arab 0 606 Dukawa 0 607 Baribari 0 608 Kagoro 0 609 Ngwi 0 610 Maghawul 0 611 Tera/Terawa 0 612 Babole 0 613 Bolewa/Bolawa 0 614 Ejakjam 0 615 Kilba 0 616 Higgi 0 617 Bachama 0 618 Bajyare 0 619 Gwoza 0 620 Jukun 0 621 Ikulu 0 622 Kamantan 0 623 Bajju 0 624 Obudu 0 625 Ma'auru 0 626 Gbagi 0 627 Finawa 0 628 Bashari 0 629 Egebe 0 630 Ngas 0 631 Migili 0 632 Tangale 0 633 Burmawa 0 634 Kanaguru 0 635 Waja 0 636 Manga 0 637 Ngizim 0 638 Madagali 0 639 Surubu 0 640 Murghi/Marghi 0 641 Huchika 0 642 Quan 0 643 Quala 0 995 Others 232 Q5a. Country's present economic condition Let’s turn to discuss economic conditions. 5. In general, how would you describe: the present economic condition of this country? Read out response options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 783 2 Fairly bad 608 3 Neither good nor bad 276 4 Fairly good 630 5 Very good 90 9 Don't know 23 Q5b. Your present living conditions 5. In general, how would you describe: your own present living conditions? Read out response options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 306 2 Fairly bad 563 3 Neither good nor bad 370 4 Fairly good 959 5 Very good 199 9 Don't know 13 Q6. Your living conditions vs. others 6. In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Nigerians? Read out response options. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 162 2 Worse 508 3 Same 601 4 Better 906 5 Much Better 173 9 Don't know 60 Q7a. Country's economic condition 12 months ago Read out response options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 334 2 Worse 823 3 Same 648 4 Better 529 5 Much Better 56 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q7b. Your living conditions 12 months ago Read out response options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 143 2 Worse 460 3 Same 763 4 Better 887 5 Much Better 148 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q8a. Country's economic condition in 12 months Read out options. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 156 2 Worse 283 3 Same 316 4 Better 1097 5 Much Better 454 9 Don't know 104 998 Refused 0 Q8b. Your living conditions in 12 months Read out options. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 95 2 Worse 207 3 Same 283 4 Better 966 5 Much Better 797 9 Don't know 62 998 Refused 0 Q9a. How often gone without food Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1267 1 Just once or twice 503 2 Several times 484 3 Many times 114 4 Always 35 9 Don't Know 7 998 Refused 0 Q9b. How often gone without water Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1006 1 Just once or twice 367 2 Several times 667 3 Many times 236 4 Always 130 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q9c. How often gone without medical care Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1138 1 Just once or twice 517 2 Several times 490 3 Many times 194 4 Always 67 9 Don't Know 4 998 Refused 0 Q9d. How often gone without cooking fuel Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 966 1 Just once or twice 460 2 Several times 625 3 Many times 238 4 Always 104 9 Don't Know 17 998 Refused 0 Q9e. How often gone without cash income Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 771 1 Just once or twice 505 2 Several times 656 3 Many times 329 4 Always 133 9 Don't Know 16 998 Refused 0 Q9f. How often gone without school expenses Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 802 1 Just once or twice 426 2 Several times 501 3 Many times 185 4 Always 91 7 No children 384 9 Don't Know 21 998 Refused 0 Q10. Abandon economic reforms vs. accept hardships Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 393 2 Agree with A 600 3 Agree with B 816 4 Agree very strongly with B 482 5 Agree with neither 74 9 Don't know 45 998 Refused 0 Q11. Economic policies helped most vs. hurt most Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 159 2 Agree with A 372 3 Agree with B 887 4 Agree very strongly with B 925 5 Agree with neither 40 9 Don't know 27 998 Refused 0 Q12a. Present vs. past: availability of goods Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 446 2 Worse 850 3 Same 577 4 Better 458 5 Much Better 53 9 Don't know 26 998 Refused 0 Q12b. Present vs. past: job opportunities Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 800 2 Worse 809 3 Same 409 4 Better 310 5 Much Better 38 9 Don't know 44 998 Refused 0 Q12c. Present vs. past: gap between rich and poor Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 996 2 Worse 751 3 Same 397 4 Better 197 5 Much Better 25 9 Don't know 44 998 Refused 0 Q13a. Radio news Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 110 1 Less than once a month 96 2 A few times a month 169 3 A few times a week 672 4 Every day 1359 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q13b. Television news Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 390 1 Less than once a month 200 2 A few times a month 214 3 A few times a week 683 4 Every day 912 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q13c. Newspaper news Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 880 1 Less than once a month 427 2 A few times a month 368 3 A few times a week 434 4 Every day 279 9 Don't know 22 998 Refused 0 Q14. Interest in public affairs 14. How interested would you say you are in public affairs? Interviewer: Prompt if necessary: You know, in politics and government? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all interested 307 1 Not very interested 509 2 Somewhat interested 806 3 Very interested 753 9 Don't know 35 998 Refused 0 Q15. Discuss politics 15. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters: 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 427 1 Occasionally 1357 2 Frequently 603 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q16a. Member of religious group 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 437 1 Inactive Member 484 2 Active Member 1368 3 Official Leader 118 9 Don't Know 3 998 Refused 0 Q16b. Member of trade union or farmers association 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1655 1 Inactive Member 293 2 Active Member 402 3 Official Leader 51 9 Don't Know 9 998 Refused 0 Q16c. Member of professional or business association 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1766 1 Inactive Member 293 2 Active Member 294 3 Official Leader 35 9 Don't Know 22 998 Refused 0 Q16d. Member of community development association 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1682 1 Inactive Member 287 2 Active Member 362 3 Official Leader 56 9 Don't Know 23 998 Refused 0 Q16e. Member of Neighbourhood Watch 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 1959 1 Inactive Member 233 2 Active Member 156 3 Official Leader 39 9 Don't Know 23 998 Refused 0 Q17a. Attend a community meeting 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 530 1 Would if had the chance 639 2 Once or twice 336 3 Several times 661 4 Often 229 9 Don't know 15 998 Refused 0 Q17b. Join others to raise an issue 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 622 1 Would if had the chance 656 2 Once or twice 302 3 Several times 622 4 Often 185 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q17c. Attend a demonstration or protest march 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 1297 1 Would if had the chance 600 2 Once or twice 213 3 Several times 206 4 Often 52 9 Don't know 42 998 Refused 0 Q17d. Attend a voter education meeting 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 954 1 Would if had the chance 840 2 Once or twice 247 3 Several times 243 4 Often 72 9 Don't know 54 998 Refused 0 Q17e. Attend an election rally 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 1277 1 Would if had the chance 587 2 Once or twice 203 3 Several times 236 4 Often 63 9 Don't know 44 998 Refused 0 Q17f. Worked to get a candidate or party elected 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Would never do this 1202 1 Would if had the chance 635 2 Once or twice 192 3 Several times 242 4 Often 82 9 Don't know 57 998 Refused 0 Q18a. Contact local government councillor Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1837 1 Only once 285 2 A few times 221 3 Often 56 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q18b. Contact Member of House of Assembly Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2117 1 Only once 152 2 A few times 96 3 Often 25 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q18c. Contact official of a government ministry Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1986 1 Only once 205 2 A few times 155 3 Often 47 9 Don't know 17 998 Refused 0 Q18d. Contact political party official Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1872 1 Only once 214 2 A few times 217 3 Often 92 9 Don't know 15 998 Refused 0 Q18e. Contact religious leader Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1306 1 Only once 300 2 A few times 513 3 Often 272 9 Don't know 19 998 Refused 0 Q18f. Contact traditional ruler Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1680 1 Only once 314 2 A few times 289 3 Often 114 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q18g. Contact some other influential person 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1569 1 Only once 319 2 A few times 374 3 Often 125 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q19a. Reject one-party rule Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 969 2 Disapprove 933 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 234 4 Approve 168 5 Strongly Approve 47 9 Don't Know 59 998 Refused 0 Q19b. Reject military rule Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 952 2 Disapprove 770 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 356 4 Approve 203 5 Strongly Approve 62 9 Don't Know 67 998 Refused 0 Q19c. One -man rule Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 979 2 Disapprove 811 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 342 4 Approve 154 5 Strongly Approve 34 9 Don't Know 90 998 Refused 0 Q20. Support for democracy Read out statements. Only one option to be chosen. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in English. Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand English term 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 STATEMENT C: Doesn't matter. 303 2 STATEMENT B: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 390 3 STATEMENT A: Democracy preferable. 1647 9 Don't know 70 998 Refused 0 Q21. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 1176 2 Agree with A 745 3 Agree with B 281 4 Agree very strongly with B 150 5 Agree with neither 38 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q22. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 276 2 Agree with A 364 3 Agree with B 950 4 Agree very strongly with B 728 5 Agree with neither 53 9 Don't know 39 998 Refused 0 Q23. Parliament makes laws vs. president does Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 762 2 Agree with A 1069 3 Agree with B 278 4 Agree very strongly with B 92 5 Agree with neither 114 9 Don't know 95 998 Refused 0 Q24. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 187 2 Agree with A 395 3 Agree with B 922 4 Agree very strongly with B 737 5 Agree with neither 110 9 Don't know 59 998 Refused 0 Q25. Time to deal with problems vs. try another form Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 582 2 Agree with A 932 3 Agree with B 464 4 Agree very strongly with B 283 5 Agree with neither 96 9 Don't know 53 998 Refused 0 Q26. Extent of democracy 26. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Nigeria today? Read out options. Accept only one option. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in English Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand English term. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not a democracy 282 2 A democracy, with major problems 1126 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 638 4 A full democracy 242 8 Do not understand question/democracy 12 9 Don't know 110 998 Refused 0 Q27. Satisfaction with democracy 27. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Nigeria? Are you: Read out options. Only one option to be chosen. Read the question in the language of the interview, but always read “democracy” in English. Translate “democracy” into local language only if respondent does not understand English term. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Nigeria is not a democracy 63 1 Not at all satisfied 642 2 Not very satisfied 723 3 Fairly satisfied 783 4 Very satisfied 135 9 Don't Know 64 998 Refused 0 Q28. Future of democracy 28. In your opinion, how likely is it that Nigeria will remain a democratic country? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Nigeria not a democracy 74 1 Not at all likely 273 2 Not very likely 499 3 Likely 935 4 Very likely 384 9 Don't Know 245 998 Refused 0 Q29. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 1046 2 Agree with A 1062 3 Agree with B 215 4 Agree very strongly with B 41 5 Agree with neither 28 9 Don't know 18 998 Refused 0 Q30. Lawful vs. immediate solutions to problems Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 854 2 Agree with A 1038 3 Agree with B 341 4 Agree very strongly with B 120 5 Agree with neither 41 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q31a. Constitution expresses values and hopes Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 203 2 Disagree 542 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 377 4 Agree 904 5 Strongly Agree 230 9 Don't know 154 998 Refused 0 Q31b. Courts make binding decisions Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 133 2 Disagree 276 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 382 4 Agree 1042 5 Strongly Agree 487 9 Don't know 90 998 Refused 0 Q31c. People must obey the law Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 126 2 Disagree 314 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 431 4 Agree 1116 5 Strongly Agree 354 9 Don't know 69 998 Refused 0 Q31d. People must pay taxes Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 108 2 Disagree 284 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 411 4 Agree 1107 5 Strongly Agree 362 9 Don't know 138 998 Refused 0 Q32a. Careful about what you say 32. In this country, how often: Do people have to be careful of what they say about politics? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 230 1 Rarely 468 2 Often 719 3 Always 859 9 Don't know 134 998 Refused 0 Q32b. Party competition leads to violent conflict 32. In this country, how often: Does competition between political parties lead to violent conflict? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 95 1 Rarely 488 2 Often 1005 3 Always 704 9 Don't know 118 998 Refused 0 Q32c. Presidents ignore the Constitution 32. In this country, how often: Does the President ignore the constitution? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 247 1 Rarely 720 2 Often 716 3 Always 355 9 Don't know 372 998 Refused 0 Q32d. People are treated unequally 32. In this country, how often: Are people treated unequally under the law? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 273 1 Rarely 537 2 Often 745 3 Always 691 9 Don't know 164 998 Refused 0 Q33a. Present vs. past: free to say what you think Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 179 2 Worse 496 3 Same 542 4 Better 900 5 Much Better 239 9 Don't know 54 998 Refused 0 Q33b. Present vs. past: free to join any political organisation Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 126 2 Worse 311 3 Same 510 4 Better 1003 5 Much Better 387 9 Don't know 73 998 Refused 0 Q33c. Present vs. past: fear of unjust arrest Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 283 2 Worse 584 3 Same 672 4 Better 625 5 Much Better 146 9 Don't know 100 998 Refused 0 Q33d. Present vs. past: voting freedom Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 172 2 Worse 375 3 Same 595 4 Better 898 5 Much Better 287 9 Don't know 83 998 Refused 0 Q33e. Present vs. past: ability to influence government Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 435 2 Worse 643 3 Same 638 4 Better 510 5 Much Better 82 9 Don't know 102 998 Refused 0 Q33f. Present vs. past: safety from crime and violence Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 290 2 Worse 601 3 Same 640 4 Better 691 5 Much Better 107 9 Don't know 81 998 Refused 0 Q33g. Present vs. past: equal treatment for all Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Worse 424 2 Worse 666 3 Same 671 4 Better 467 5 Much Better 71 9 Don't know 111 998 Refused 0 Q34a. Trust the President Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 777 1 Just a little 875 2 Somewhat 503 3 A lot 207 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 48 998 Refused 0 Q34b. Trust National Assembly Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 812 1 Just a little 880 2 Somewhat 490 3 A lot 129 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 99 998 Refused 0 Q34c. Trust the Electoral Commission Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 796 1 Just a little 807 2 Somewhat 524 3 A lot 207 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 76 998 Refused 0 Q34d. Trust your local council Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 990 1 Just a little 808 2 Somewhat 413 3 A lot 111 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 88 998 Refused 0 Q34e. Trust the ruling party Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 934 1 Just a little 784 2 Somewhat 433 3 A lot 169 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 90 998 Refused 0 Q34f. Trust opposition political parties Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 870 1 Just a little 827 2 Somewhat 426 3 A lot 139 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 148 998 Refused 0 Q34g. Trust the military Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 916 1 Just a little 699 2 Somewhat 469 3 A lot 230 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 96 998 Refused 0 Q34h. Trust the police Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 1137 1 Just a little 719 2 Somewhat 365 3 A lot 139 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 50 998 Refused 0 Q34i. Trust courts of law Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 542 1 Just a little 782 2 Somewhat 690 3 A lot 338 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 58 998 Refused 0 Q34j, Trust government broadcasting service Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 445 1 Just a little 774 2 Somewhat 636 3 A lot 384 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 171 998 Refused 0 Q34k. Trust independent broadcasting services Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 352 1 Just a little 691 2 Somewhat 625 3 A lot 452 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 290 998 Refused 0 Q34l. Trust government newspapers Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 442 1 Just a little 701 2 Somewhat 601 3 A lot 324 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 342 998 Refused 0 Q34m. Trust independent newspapers Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 354 1 Just a little 604 2 Somewhat 625 3 A lot 453 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 374 998 Refused 0 Q34n. Trust independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 365 1 Just a little 535 2 Somewhat 638 3 A lot 474 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 398 998 Refused 0 Q34o. Trust Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 309 1 Just a little 484 2 Somewhat 673 3 A lot 694 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 250 998 Refused 0 Q34p. Trust National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 309 1 Just a little 478 2 Somewhat 640 3 A lot 678 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 305 998 Refused 0 Q35a. Corruption: President and officials in his office Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 86 1 Some of them 1067 2 Most of them 717 3 All of them 459 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 81 998 Refused 0 Q35b. Corruption: Members of National Assembly Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 71 1 Some of them 931 2 Most of them 843 3 All of them 473 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 92 998 Refused 0 Q35c. Corruption: local government councilors Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 90 1 Some of them 838 2 Most of them 843 3 All of them 544 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 95 998 Refused 0 Q35d. Corruption: national government officials Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 80 1 Some of them 911 2 Most of them 857 3 All of them 458 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 104 998 Refused 0 Q35e. Corruption: local government officials Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 70 1 Some of them 847 2 Most of them 899 3 All of them 514 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 80 998 Refused 0 Q35f. Corruption: police Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 66 1 Some of them 658 2 Most of them 840 3 All of them 786 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 60 998 Refused 0 Q35g. Corruption: tax officials Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 104 1 Some of them 884 2 Most of them 839 3 All of them 455 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 128 998 Refused 0 Q35h. Corruption: judges and magistrates Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 171 1 Some of them 1193 2 Most of them 631 3 All of them 279 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 136 998 Refused 0 Q35i. Corruption: health workers Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 443 1 Some of them 1104 2 Most of them 471 3 All of them 246 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 146 998 Refused 0 Q35j. Corruption: teachers and school administrators Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 336 1 Some of them 1103 2 Most of them 587 3 All of them 282 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 102 998 Refused 0 Q35k. Corruption: State Governors and officials in their office Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 96 1 Some of them 940 2 Most of them 839 3 All of them 450 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 85 998 Refused 0 Q35l. Corruption: State government officials Read out options. Rotate starting point 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 83 1 Some of them 937 2 Most of them 824 3 All of them 478 9 Don't Know/Haven't heard enough 88 998 Refused 0 Q36a. Pay bribe for: document or permit 36. In the past year, how often (if ever) have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get a document or a permit? Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1259 1 Once or Twice 293 2 A Few Times 87 3 Often 35 7 No experience with this in past year 726 9 Don't Know 10 998 Refused 0 Q36b. Pay bribe for: school placement 36. In the past year, how often (if ever) have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get a child into school? Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1407 1 Once or Twice 218 2 A Few Times 94 3 Often 19 7 No experience with this in past year 667 9 Don't Know 5 998 Refused 0 Q36c. Pay bribe for: household service 36. In the past year, how often (if ever) have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get a household service (like piped water, electricity or phone)? Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1218 1 Once or Twice 326 2 A Few Times 186 3 Often 78 7 No experience with this in past year 591 9 Don't Know 11 998 Refused 0 Q36d. Pay bribe for: get medicine or medical attention 36. In the past year, how often (if ever) have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get medicine or medical attention from a health worker? Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1512 1 Once or Twice 197 2 A Few Times 86 3 Often 21 7 No experience with this in past year 586 9 Don't Know 8 998 Refused 0 Q36e. Pay bribe for: avoid problem with police 36. In the past year, how often (if ever) have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Avoid a problem with the police (like passing a checkpoint or avoiding a fine or arrest)? Read out options. 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1226 1 Once or Twice 289 2 A Few Times 197 3 Often 120 7 No experience with this in past year 567 9 Don't Know 11 998 Refused 0 Q37a. Handling managing the economy Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 745 2 Fairly Badly 761 3 Fairly Well 783 4 Very Well 78 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 43 998 Refused 0 Q37b. Handling creating jobs Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 962 2 Fairly Badly 783 3 Fairly Well 540 4 Very Well 91 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 34 998 Refused 0 Q37c. Handling keeping prices stable Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 1026 2 Fairly Badly 907 3 Fairly Well 400 4 Very Well 41 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 36 998 Refused 0 Q37d. Handling narrowing gaps between rich and poor Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 1214 2 Fairly Badly 710 3 Fairly Well 380 4 Very Well 59 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 47 998 Refused 0 Q37e. Handling reducing crime Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 607 2 Fairly Badly 718 3 Fairly Well 873 4 Very Well 174 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 38 998 Refused 0 Q37f. Handling improving basic health services Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 433 2 Fairly Badly 625 3 Fairly Well 1083 4 Very Well 231 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 38 998 Refused 0 Q37g. Handling addressing educational needs Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 456 2 Fairly Badly 663 3 Fairly Well 1008 4 Very Well 236 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 47 998 Refused 0 Q37h. Handling delivering household water Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 680 2 Fairly Badly 860 3 Fairly Well 705 4 Very Well 105 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 60 998 Refused 0 Q37i. Handling ensuring enough to eat Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 803 2 Fairly Badly 856 3 Fairly Well 611 4 Very Well 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 57 998 Refused 0 Q37j. Handling fighting corruption Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 534 2 Fairly Badly 604 3 Fairly Well 914 4 Very Well 290 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 68 998 Refused 0 Q37k. Handling combatting HIV/AIDS Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 281 2 Fairly Badly 366 3 Fairly Well 939 4 Very Well 708 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 116 998 Refused 0 Q38a. Local govt. maintaining law and order 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Maintaining law and order (e.g. through the police force) 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 785 2 Responsible 1464 9 Don't know 161 998 Refused 0 Q38b. Local govt. keeping the community clean 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Keeping the community clean (e.g. refuse removal) 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 434 2 Responsible 1842 9 Don't know 134 998 Refused 0 Q38c. Local govt. registering births, deaths and marriages 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Registering births, deaths, and marriages 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 427 2 Responsible 1697 9 Don't know 286 998 Refused 0 Q38d. Local govt. collecting income taxes 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Collecting income taxes (i.e. on salaries and wages) 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 480 2 Responsible 1664 9 Don't know 266 998 Refused 0 Q38e. Local govt. collecting license fees on bicycles, carts, barrows 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Collecting license fees on bicycles, carts and barrows 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 448 2 Responsible 1558 9 Don't know 404 998 Refused 0 Q38f. Local govt. spending funds provided by federal and state govt 38. Let us talk for a moment about local government. I do not mean the federal or state governments. I mean your municipal or local government council. Do you think that this local government council is responsible or not responsible for the following tasks: Spending funds provided by federal and state governments 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not responsible 446 2 Responsible 1658 9 Don't know 306 998 Refused 0 Q39a. Local govt. maintaining local roads Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 795 2 Fairly Badly 858 3 Fairly Well 631 4 Very Well 76 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 50 998 Refused 0 Q39b. Local govt. maintaining local market places Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 663 2 Fairly Badly 863 3 Fairly Well 723 4 Very Well 103 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 58 998 Refused 0 Q39c. Local govt. maintaining health standards in public restaurants Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 603 2 Fairly Badly 813 3 Fairly Well 731 4 Very Well 116 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 147 998 Refused 0 Q39d. Local govt. keeping our community clean Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 588 2 Fairly Badly 774 3 Fairly Well 785 4 Very Well 154 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 109 998 Refused 0 Q39e. Local govt. Registering births, deaths and marriage Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 385 2 Fairly Badly 643 3 Fairly Well 774 4 Very Well 229 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 379 998 Refused 0 Q39f. Local govt. collecting license fees on bicycles, carts, barrows Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 377 2 Fairly Badly 619 3 Fairly Well 682 4 Very Well 250 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 482 998 Refused 0 Q39g. Local govt. collecting rates on privately owned houses Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 384 2 Fairly Badly 605 3 Fairly Well 628 4 Very Well 229 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 564 998 Refused 0 Q40a. Local council:making council's program of work known Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 674 2 Fairly badly 940 3 Fairly well 561 4 Very well 67 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 168 998 Refused 0 Q40b. Local council:provide information about council's budget Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 772 2 Fairly badly 919 3 Fairly well 486 4 Very well 72 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 161 998 Refused 0 Q40c. Local council:allow citizens participate in council's decision Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 856 2 Fairly badly 867 3 Fairly well 463 4 Very well 83 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 141 998 Refused 0 Q40d. Local council:consulting others before making decision Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 653 2 Fairly badly 797 3 Fairly well 591 4 Very well 120 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 249 998 Refused 0 Q40e. Local council:elected councilors represent the views of ordinary people Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 651 2 Fairly badly 879 3 Fairly well 594 4 Very well 111 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 175 998 Refused 0 Q40f. Local council:effective ways to handle complaints about local councilors Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 619 2 Fairly badly 929 3 Fairly well 561 4 Very well 106 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 195 998 Refused 0 Q40g. Local council:local govt revenues are used for public services Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very badly 744 2 Fairly badly 861 3 Fairly well 503 4 Very well 99 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 203 998 Refused 0 Q41a. Councilors qualification: their level of education Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 316 2 Fairly unqualified 556 3 Fairly qualified 975 4 Very qualified 272 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 291 998 Refused 0 Q41b. Councilors qualification: extent that they care about the community Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 477 2 Fairly unqualified 872 3 Fairly qualified 732 4 Very qualified 143 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 186 998 Refused 0 Q41c. Councilors qualification: extent they actually serve the community Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 534 2 Fairly unqualified 838 3 Fairly qualified 704 4 Very qualified 147 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 187 998 Refused 0 Q41d. Councilors qualification: experience at managing public service programs Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 496 2 Fairly unqualified 916 3 Fairly qualified 629 4 Very qualified 136 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 233 998 Refused 0 Q41e. Councilors qualification: their position in a political party Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 353 2 Fairly unqualified 718 3 Fairly qualified 778 4 Very qualified 214 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 347 998 Refused 0 Q41f. Councilors qualification: their honesty in handling public funds Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very unqualified 713 2 Fairly unqualified 768 3 Fairly qualified 563 4 Very qualified 151 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 215 998 Refused 0 Q42. Most important qualification when you decide who to vote 42. Among these qualifications, which is the most important to you when you decide who to vote for in a local government election, or is there something else that you consider? 2410 1 995 -1 Missing data 0 1 Level of education 222 2 Care about the community 808 3 Actually serve the community 531 4 Experience at managing public services 235 5 Their position in a political party 47 6 Honesty in handling public funds 493 9 Don't know 71 995 Others 3 998 Refused 0 Q43a.How often violent conflicts: within your own family 43. In your experience, how often do violent conflicts arise between people: Within your own family? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 1361 1 Rarely 700 2 Sometimes 238 3 Often 71 4 Always 27 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q43b.How often violent conflicts: within the community you live 43. In your experience, how often do violent conflicts arise between people: Within the community where you live? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 648 1 Rarely 712 2 Sometimes 731 3 Often 202 4 Always 75 9 Don't know 42 998 Refused 0 Q43c.How often violent conflicts: between different groups in this country 43. In your experience, how often do violent conflicts arise between people: Between different groups in this country? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 311 1 Rarely 393 2 Sometimes 849 3 Often 539 4 Always 216 9 Don't know 102 998 Refused 0 Q44a.Past year, how safe: in your own home at night 44. Over the past year, how safe have you felt: In your own home at night? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Very unsafe 212 2 Somewhat unsafe 253 3 Neither safe nor unsafe 182 4 Fairly safe 769 5 Very safe 983 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q44b.Past year, how safe: walking around outside at night 44. Over the past year, how safe have you felt: Walking around outside at night? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Very unsafe 351 2 Somewhat unsafe 382 3 Neither safe nor unsafe 227 4 Fairly safe 753 5 Very safe 685 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q45a.Past year, had something stolen from your house 45a. Over the past year, how often, if ever have you or anyone in your family: Had something stolen from your house? Read out options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 1854 2 Just once or twice 393 3 Several times 96 4 Many times 36 9 Don't know 31 998 Refused 0 Q45b. Happened because of politics or other reason If the answer on 45a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Do you think this happened because of politics or for some other reason? If the answer on 45a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Politics 39 2 Some other reason 426 7 Not applicable 1885 9 Don't know 60 998 Refused 0 Q45c. Reported event(s) to the police If the answer on 45a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask Did you report this event (or these events) to the police? If the answer on 45a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 No 380 2 Yes 144 7 Not applicable 1885 9 Don't know 1 998 Refused 0 Q46a.Past year, had something stolen in a public place 46a. Over the past year, how often, if ever have you or anyone in your family: Had something stolen in a public place (like a street or market)? Read out options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 1938 2 Just once or twice 339 3 Several times 80 4 Many times 15 9 Don't know 38 998 Refused 0 Q46b. Happened because of politics or other reason If the answer on 46a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Do you think this happened because of politics or for some other reason? If the answer on 46a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Politics 21 2 Some other reason 372 7 Not applicable 1976 9 Don't know 41 998 Refused 0 Q46c. Reported event(s) to the police If the answer on 46a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Did you report this event (or these events) to the police? If the answer on 46a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 No 319 2 Yes 111 7 Not applicable 1976 9 Don't know 4 998 Refused 0 Q47a.Past year, been physically threatened 47a. Over the past year, how often, if ever have you or anyone in your family: Been physically threatened? Read out options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 2068 2 Just once or twice 221 3 Several times 52 4 Many times 17 9 Don't know 52 998 Refused 0 Q47b. Happened because of politics or other reason If the answer on 47a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Do you think this happened because of politics or for some other reason? If the answer on 47a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Politics 43 2 Some other reason 227 7 Not applicable 2120 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q47c. Reported event(s) to the police If the answer on 47a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Did you report this event (or these events) to the police? If the answer on 47a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 No 169 2 Yes 100 7 Not applicable 2120 9 Don't know 21 998 Refused 0 Q48a.Past year, been physically attacked 48a. Over the past year, how often, if ever have you or anyone in your family: Been physically attacked? Read out options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 2074 2 Just once or twice 250 3 Several times 41 4 Many times 8 9 Don't know 37 998 Refused 0 Q48b. Happened because of politics or other reason If the answer on 48a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2-4, then ask: Do you think this happened because of politics or for some other reason? If the answer on 48a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Politics 42 2 Some other reason 238 7 Not applicable 2111 9 Don't know 19 998 Refused 0 Q48c. Reported event(s) to the police If the answer on 48a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Did you report this event (or these events) to the police? If the answer on 48a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 No 166 2 Yes 113 7 Not applicable 2111 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q49a.Past year, been arrested 49a. Over the past year, how often, if ever have you or anyone in your family: Been arrested? Read out options 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 2129 2 Just once or twice 212 3 Several times 38 4 Many times 2 9 Don't know 29 998 Refused 0 Q49b. Happened because of politics or other reason If the answer on 49a was yes, i.e., “just once or twice” or more often, i.e., codes 2, 3 or 4, then ask: Do you think this happened because of politics or for some other reason? If the answer on 49a was “never” (code 1) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7 = Not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Politics 17 2 Some other reason 211 7 Not applicable 2158 9 Don't know 24 998 Refused 0 Q50a.Past year, how well is police at: controlling crime in your area 50. Over the past year, how well or badly do you think the police have performed at: Controlling crime in your area? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Very badly 383 2 Fairly badly 510 3 Neither well nor badly 405 4 Fairly well 836 5 Very well 210 9 Don't know 66 998 Refused 0 Q50b.Past year, how well is police at: providing helpful service to people in your area 50. Over the past year, how well or badly do you think the police have performed at: Providing helpful service to people in your area? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Very badly 415 2 Fairly badly 514 3 Neither well nor badly 467 4 Fairly well 719 5 Very well 228 9 Don't know 67 998 Refused 0 Q51. Turn to police for help vs. find other ways to deal with matter Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 920 2 Agree with A 1120 3 Agree with B 179 4 Agree very strongly with B 103 5 Agree with neither 58 9 Don't know 30 998 Refused 0 Q52.Which way If respondent agreed with statement B on question 51 (codes 3 or 4), ask: Which way? Open-ended. Write verbatim response in blank in English. If on question 51 respondent agreed with statement A (codes 1 or 2), agreed with neither (code 5) or said “don’t know” (code 9), select 997=not applicable 2410 340 999 -1 Missing 0 340 Go to community or traditional leaders/elders 77 341 Will fight back physically if have the chance 24 342 Rely on/ pray to God 38 343 Go to a vigilante group for help 9 344 Settle it peacefully, amicably, among ourselves 18 345 Go to a religious leader 5 346 Go to spouse, family, friends or relations 14 347 Go to the courts 8 348 Report it to local government 3 349 Use fetish, juju, herbalist, shrine 9 995 Others 23 997 Not applicable 2128 999 Don't know 54 Q53. Violence not justified vs. sometimes necessary Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 866 2 Agree with A 1019 3 Agree with B 311 4 Agree very strongly with B 127 5 Agree with neither 41 9 Don't know 46 998 Refused 0 Q54. Politicians to form their private securities vs. use public security forces Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 134 2 Agree with A 285 3 Agree with B 960 4 Agree very strongly with B 926 5 Agree with neither 61 9 Don't know 44 998 Refused 0 Q55a. Performance: President Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 364 2 Disapprove 830 3 Approve 983 4 Strongly Approve 156 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 77 998 Refused 0 Q55b. Performance: Your member of National Assembly Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 351 2 Disapprove 999 3 Approve 805 4 Strongly Approve 90 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 165 998 Refused 0 Q55c. Performance: local government councilor Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 431 2 Disapprove 1080 3 Approve 654 4 Strongly Approve 91 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 154 998 Refused 0 Q55D. Performance: lndepedent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 154 2 Disapprove 475 3 Approve 1084 4 Strongly Approve 292 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 405 998 Refused 0 Q55E. Performance: Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) Interviewer: Read out options and probe for strength of opinion 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 128 2 Disapprove 378 3 Approve 1093 4 Strongly Approve 545 9 Don't know/Haven't heard enough 266 998 Refused 0 Q56a Whose responsibility: National Assembly do their jobs 56. Who should be responsible for: Making sure that, once elected, members of the National Assembly do their jobs? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 The President/Executive 819 1 The National Assembly/Local Council 623 2 Their Political Party 297 3 The Voters 445 9 Don't know 226 998 Refused 0 Q56b Whose responsibility: Local government councilors do their jobs 56. Who should be responsible for: Making sure that, once elected, local government councillors do their jobs? Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 The President/Executive 507 1 The National Assembly/Local Council 900 2 Their Political Party 316 3 The Voters 473 9 Don't know 214 998 Refused 0 Q57a How well elections: ensure members of National Assembly reflect views of voters 57. Think about how elections work in practice in this country. How well do elections: Ensure that the members of National Assembly reflect the views of voters. Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all well 365 1 Not very well 1152 2 Well 575 3 Very well 128 9 Don't know 190 998 Refused 0 Q57b How well elections: enable voters remove leaders who do not do what the people want 57. Think about how elections work in practice in this country. How well do elections: Enable voters to remove from office leaders who do not do what the people want. Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all well 580 1 Not very well 1040 2 Well 450 3 Very well 151 9 Don't know 189 998 Refused 0 Q58a How often politicians: make promises to get elected Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 94 1 Rarely 224 2 Often 528 3 Always 1542 9 Don't know 22 998 Refused 0 Q58b How often politicians: Offer gift to voters during election campaigns Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 119 1 Rarely 337 2 Often 727 3 Always 1175 9 Don't know 52 998 Refused 0 Q58c How often politicians: Keep their campaigns promises after elections Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 882 1 Rarely 1078 2 Often 285 3 Always 142 9 Don't know 23 998 Refused 0 Q58d How often politicians: Do their best to deliver development after elections Read out options 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Never 844 1 Rarely 1116 2 Often 297 3 Always 119 9 Don't know 34 998 Refused 0 Q59a How interested April 2007 elections:The National President 59. How interested are you in the forthcoming April 2007 elections for: The national President? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not interested at all 227 1 Not very interested 332 2 Neutral 340 3 Fairly interested 532 4 Very interested 951 9 Don't know 28 999 Refused 0 Q59b How interested April 2007 elections:The National Assembly 59. How interested are you in the forthcoming April 2007 elections for: The National Assembly? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not interested at all 246 1 Not very interested 376 2 Neutral 450 3 Fairly interested 598 4 Very interested 700 9 Don't know 40 999 Refused 0 Q59c How interested April 2007 elections:The Governor of your state 59. How interested are you in the forthcoming April 2007 elections for: The governor of your State? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not interested at all 206 1 Not very interested 264 2 Neutral 349 3 Fairly interested 527 4 Very interested 1034 9 Don't know 30 999 Refused 0 Q59d How interested April 2007 elections:Your State house of Assembly 59. How interested are you in the forthcoming April 2007 elections for: Your State House of Assembly? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not interested at all 248 1 Not very interested 351 2 Neutral 412 3 Fairly interested 583 4 Very interested 768 9 Don't know 48 999 Refused 0 Q60a How much information received from: A family member 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A family member 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 694 1 A little 1234 2 A lot 469 9 Don't know 13 999 Refused 0 Q60b How much information received from: A friend or acquaintance 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A friend or acquaintance 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 561 1 A little 1140 2 A lot 688 9 Don't know 21 999 Refused 0 Q60c How much information received from: A Political party official 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A political party official 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 1162 1 A little 736 2 A lot 467 9 Don't know 45 999 Refused 0 Q60d How much information received from: A chief or elder 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A chief or elder 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 1443 1 A little 656 2 A lot 276 9 Don't know 35 999 Refused 0 Q60e How much information received from: A religious leader 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A religious leader 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 1257 1 A little 752 2 A lot 369 9 Don't know 32 999 Refused 0 Q60f How much information received from: A civic educator 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: A civic educator 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 1524 1 A little 576 2 A lot 251 9 Don't know 59 999 Refused 0 Q60g How much information received from: Posters or phamplets 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: Posters or pamphlets 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 700 1 A little 873 2 A lot 791 9 Don't know 46 999 Refused 0 Q60h How much information received from: Newspapers 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: Newspapers 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 907 1 A little 805 2 A lot 626 9 Don't know 72 999 Refused 0 Q60i How much information received from: Radio 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: Radio 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 340 1 A little 925 2 A lot 1108 9 Don't know 37 999 Refused 0 Q60j How much information received from: Television 60. How much information on these elections have you received from the following sources: Television 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No information 580 1 A little 863 2 A lot 912 9 Don't know 55 999 Refused 0 Q61 To vote how much more information to needed 61. In order to know how to vote in the April 2007 elections, how much more information would you like to have? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 No more 345 2 A little more 675 3 A lot more 1215 9 Don't know 175 999 Refused 0 Q62 Give equal or unequal coverage to candidates 62. Please think of the newspaper, radio news bulletin, or TV news bulletin that you use most often. In your opinion, does this source give equal or unequal coverage to different candidates in the forthcoming elections? Interviewer probe: If unequal, is the bias progovernment or pro-opposition?] 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Unequal, pro-government 461 2 Equal 1006 3 Unequal, pro-opposition 408 9 Don't know 535 999 Refused 0 Q63. Voting things will not getting better vs. voters can choose leaders who will help us Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 229 2 Agree with A 422 3 Agree with B 784 4 Agree very strongly with B 846 5 Agree with neither 77 9 Don't know 52 998 Refused 0 Q64 How free and fair were last national elections 64. On the whole, how free and fair do you think the last national elections were, you know, the presidential and parliamentary elections held in 2003? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not free and fair 823 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 531 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 618 4 Completely free and fair 215 9 Don't know 223 999 Refused 0 Q65a. How free and fair were: the availability of information about candidates and parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 649 2 Free and fair but major problems 546 3 Free and fair but minor problems 665 4 Completely free and fair 338 9 Don't know 212 998 Refused 0 Q65b. How free and fair were: the use of violence by candidates or parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 773 2 Free and fair but major problems 554 3 Free and fair but minor problems 647 4 Completely free and fair 201 9 Don't know 235 998 Refused 0 Q65c. How free and fair were: the buying of votes by candidates or parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 825 2 Free and fair but major problems 526 3 Free and fair but minor problems 590 4 Completely free and fair 205 9 Don't know 264 998 Refused 0 Q65d. How free and fair were: the counting and reporting of results 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 793 2 Free and fair but major problems 526 3 Free and fair but minor problems 597 4 Completely free and fair 259 9 Don't know 235 998 Refused 0 Q66. How free and fair do you expect the next elections 66. On the whole, how free and fair do you expect the next elections, scheduled for April 2007, to be? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not free and fair 318 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 389 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 604 4 Completely free and fair 799 9 Don't know 300 999 Refused 0 Q67a. How free and fair in terms of: the availability of information about candidates and parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not free and fair 297 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 425 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 598 4 Completely free and fair 817 9 Don't know 273 999 Refused 0 Q67b. How free and fair in terms of: the use of violence by candidates or parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 405 2 Free and fair but major problems 397 3 Free and fair but minor problems 644 4 Completely free and fair 626 9 Don't know 338 998 Refused 0 Q67c. How free and fair in terms of: the buying of votes by candidates or parties 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 407 2 Free and fair but major problems 407 3 Free and fair but minor problems 613 4 Completely free and fair 630 9 Don't know 353 998 Refused 0 Q67d. How free and fair in terms of: the counting and reporting of results 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 391 2 Free and fair but major problems 378 3 Free and fair but minor problems 584 4 Completely free and fair 717 9 Don't know 340 998 Refused 0 Q68. How often did a candidates offer gift for votes in 2003 68. During the last campaign for the 2003 elections how often did a candidate or someone from a political party offer something, like food or a gift, to people in your neighbourhood or village in return for their votes? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 1288 2 Once or twice 290 3 A few times 230 4 Often 151 9 Don't know 451 999 Refused 0 Q69. How often did a candidates offer YOU gift for votes in 2003 69. During the last campaign for the 2003 elections, how often (if ever) did a candidate or someone from a political party offer YOU something in return for YOUR vote? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 1955 2 Once or twice 258 3 A few times 81 4 Often 45 9 Don't know 71 999 Refused 0 Q70. What did they offer If answer to question 69 was once or twice or more often (codes 2-4), ask: What did they offer? 2410 1 999 -1 Missing data 0 1 Money 259 2 Food 67 3 Alcohol 5 4 Clothing 16 5 Household items 4 6 Livestock 1 7 Jobs 27 340 Salt 0 341 Sugar 0 995 Others 3 997 Not applicable 2026 999 Don't know 2 Q71. How often did a candidates offer YOU gift for votes in present campaign 71. During the present campaign for the April 2007 elections, how often (if ever) has a candidate or someone from a political party offered YOU something in return for YOUR vote? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Never 2048 2 Once or twice 227 3 A few times 34 4 Often 48 9 Don't know 53 999 Refused 0 Q72a. Which party or parties made the offer: 1st If answer to question 71 was “once or twice” or more often (codes 2-4), ask: Which party or parties made the offer? Accept up to 3 responses. If answer to Q71 was “Never” (code 1) or “Don’t Know” (code 9) , select 997 = Not applicable. 2410 340 999 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 101 341 AC 15 342 AD 15 343 PDP 150 344 APGA 11 345 DPA 0 346 LP 3 347 PPA 0 348 FRESH 0 349 NDP 0 350 AA 3 351 DPP 7 352 ACD 0 353 ADC 0 997 Not applicable 2101 999 Don't know 4 Q72b. Which party or parties made the offer: 2nd If answer to question 71 was “once or twice” or more often (codes 2-4), ask: Which party or parties made the offer? Accept up to 3 responses. If answer to Q71 was “Never” (code 1) or “Don’t Know” (code 9) , select 997 = Not applicable. 2410 340 997 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 48 341 AC 17 342 AD 12 343 PDP 52 344 APGA 2 345 DPA 2 346 LP 0 347 PPA 3 348 FRESH 2 349 NDP 3 350 AA 3 351 DPP 4 352 ACD 3 353 ADC 0 996 No further reply 158 997 Not applicable 2101 Q72c. Which party or parties made the offer: 3rd If answer to question 71 was “once or twice” or more often (codes 2-4), ask: Which party or parties made the offer? Accept up to 3 responses. If answer to Q71 was “Never” (code 1) or “Don’t Know” (code 9) , select 997 = Not applicable. 2410 340 997 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 5 341 AC 18 342 AD 9 343 PDP 5 344 APGA 8 345 DPA 1 346 LP 0 347 PPA 0 348 FRESH 2 349 NDP 2 350 AA 2 351 DPP 4 352 ACD 0 353 ADC 6 996 No further reply 247 997 Not applicable 2101 Q73a. Whether wrong: A candidate or party offical to offer money in return for a vote 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not wrong at all 169 2 Wrong but understandable 708 3 Wrong and punishable 1403 9 Don't know 130 998 Refused 0 Q73b. Whether wrong: A voter to accept money in return for his or her vote 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not wrong at all 231 2 Wrong but understandable 834 3 Wrong and punishable 1210 9 Don't know 135 998 Refused 0 Q74. If a candidate or party official offered YOU money, would you 74. If a candidate or party official offered YOU money for YOUR vote in April 2007, would you: 2410 1 999 -1 Missing data 0 1 Take the money and vote for him/her 192 2 Take the money and vote for the candidate of your choice 994 3 Refuse the money and vote for a candidate of your choice 978 4 Be unsure of what to do 155 340 Refuse the money and not vote 6 341 Take the money and not vote 6 342 No interest in politics/voting 4 995 Others 5 999 Don't know 70 Q75. In your neighbourhood or village if a candidate or party official offered them money for their vote 75. And what about other people in your neighbourhood or village? If a candidate or party official offered them money for their votes in April 2007, would they: 2410 1 999 -1 Missing data 0 1 Take the money and vote for him/her 190 2 Take the money and vote for the candidate of their choice 662 3 Refuse the money and vote for a candidate of their choice 565 4 Be unsure of what to do 181 340 Some will take and some won't 0 341 They will not accept 1 995 Others 5 999 Don't know 806 Q76. How much would people receive for selling their vote in the 2003 election 76. In this area, how much money, on average, did people receive in return for selling their vote in the 2003 election? Interviewer: Enter exact amount in Naira, up to 9995 Naira. If respondent offers an amount greater than 9995 Naira, write “More than 9995 Naira”. 2410 100 9999 -1 Missing data 0 100 22 150 1 200 49 250 2 300 10 500 84 600 1 700 3 1000 34 1500 11 2000 30 2500 3 3000 7 4000 4 5000 21 6000 3 6500 1 7000 5 8000 1 9996 More than 9995 naira 56 9997 People would not sell their vote 411 9999 Don't know 1651 Q77. How much would people receive for selling their vote in the 2007 election 77. In this area, how much money, on average, would people receive in return for selling their vote in the 2007 election? Interviewer: Enter exact amount in Naira, up to 9995 Naira. If respondent offers an amount greater than 9995 Naira, write “More than 9995 Naira”. 2410 100 9999 -1 Missing data 0 100 11 150 1 200 19 300 7 400 3 500 59 700 1 1000 42 1500 5 2000 21 2500 3 3000 4 3500 2 4000 4 5000 14 5500 1 6000 4 7000 6 8000 3 9996 More than 9995 naira 47 9997 People would not sell their vote 353 9999 Don't know 1800 Q78a. Threatened negative consequences to people for vote: in the 2003 elections 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1858 1 Once or twice 117 2 A few times 62 3 Often 26 9 Don't know 347 998 Refused 0 Q78b. Threatened negative consequences to people for vote: in the present 2007 election campaign 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1902 1 Once or twice 65 2 A few times 67 3 Often 24 9 Don't know 352 998 Refused 0 Q79. Main consequence IF response to question 78 part A or B was “once or twice” or more (codes 1-3), ask: What kind of consequences? Circle only one code. If respondent offers more than one consequence, ask “What was the main consequence?” If response to question 78 parts A and B was “never” (code 0) or “don’t know” (code 9), select 7=not applicable. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Personal safety 40 2 Safety of family 48 3 Loss of property 45 4 Loss of job 44 7 Not applicable 2187 9 Don't know 46 Q80a. Has anyone threatened negative consequences to YOU: in the 2003 elections 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2194 1 Once or twice 79 2 A few times 28 3 Often 20 9 Don't know 89 998 Refused 0 Q80b. Has anyone threatened negative consequences to YOU: in the present 2007 election campaign 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 2213 1 Once or twice 36 2 A few times 49 3 Often 23 9 Don't know 89 998 Refused 0 Q81. Main consequence If response to question 80 part A or B was “once or twice” or more (codes 1-3), ask: What kind of consequences? [ 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Personal safety 29 2 Safety of family 40 3 Loss of property 40 4 Loss of job 2 7 Not applicable 2274 9 Don't know 25 Q82. What you did in the 2003 national elections 82. Which of the following statements best describes what you did in the 2003 national elections, you know, the last presidential and parliamentary elections? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not registered to vote, not interested in voting 267 2 Not registered to vote, but would have liked to have voted 312 3 Registered voter, but i chose not to vote 272 4 Registered voter, and i voted 1475 9 Don't know 84 999 Refused 0 Q83. What you will do in the upcoming elections in April 2007 Which of the following statements best describes what you will do in the upcoming elections in April 2007? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Not registered to vote, not interested in voting 118 2 Not registered to vote, but would have liked to voted 197 3 Registered voter, but i will choose not to vote 137 4 Registered voter, and i will vote 1584 5 Registered voter, but i have not yet decided whether to vote 291 9 Don't know 83 999 Refused 0 Q84a. Most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria 84. To you personally, what are the most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria? 2410 -1 999 -1 Missing data 2 340 The election should be free and fair 424 341 Safety/security for voters and voting materials 183 342 Politicians should avoid use of violence/should be peaceful 163 343 Qualified/right candidate should be voted to power 91 344 Anti corruption crusade/no corruption and bribery 34 345 Availability of enough voting materials 32 346 INEC staff should be honest/transparent 99 347 People should be educated on how to vote 4 348 Counting of votes after election to be done properly 7 349 Rigging of elections should be avoided 52 350 People should not trade their voting rights 33 351 Election result should be released quickly 12 352 Voters registration exercise should be extended 3 353 Open ballot system should be adopted for election 11 354 There should be no unfulfilled promise from contestants 16 355 Candidates should avoid buying votes 14 356 Voters should vote candidates of their choice 19 357 There should be good monitoring of election 12 358 Everybody should come out to vote 10 359 Ensure every eligible person get registered 16 550 People should cast their votes wisely 3 551 Candidates contesting must be well known 2 552 Educate people on advantage of voting 13 553 The President is going to hand over power 5 554 Postponement of an election date 1 555 People should be enlighten on existing parties 1 556 Eradication of poverty 21 557 Provision of good water 11 558 Development of our villages and communities 12 559 Provision of good roads 25 560 Job opportunities should be created 64 561 Provision of electricity 27 562 There should be economic growth 28 563 Candidate that lose should accept defeat 3 564 There should be improvement in educational sector 2 565 Police should be equipped 2 995 Others 147 999 Don't Know 806 Q84b. Most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria 84. To you personally, what are the most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria? 2410 -1 996 -1 Missing data 2 340 The election should be free and fair 218 341 Safety/security for voters and voting materials 151 342 Politicians should avoid use of violence/should be peaceful 172 343 Qualified/right candidate should be voted to power 49 344 Anti corruption crusade/no corruption and bribery 25 345 Availability of enough voting materials 15 346 INEC staff should be honest/transparent 69 347 People should be educated on how to vote 4 348 Counting of votes after election to be done properly 10 349 Rigging of elections should be avoided 52 350 People should not trade their voting rights 23 351 Election result should be released quickly 7 352 Voters registration exercise should be extended 6 353 Open ballot system should be adopted for election 16 354 There should be no unfulfilled promise from contestants 15 355 Candidates should avoid buying votes 10 356 Voters should vote candidates of their choice 26 357 There should be good monitoring of election 11 358 Everybody should come out to vote 5 359 Ensure every eligible person get registered 7 550 People should cast their votes wisely 3 551 Candidates contesting must be well known 6 552 Educate people on advantage of voting 15 553 The President is going to hand over power 1 554 Postponement of an election date 1 555 People should be enlighten on existing parties 0 556 Eradication of poverty 19 557 Provision of good water 10 558 Development of our villages and communities 2 559 Provision of good roads 23 560 Job opportunities should be created 41 561 Provision of electricity 28 562 There should be economic growth 21 563 Candidate that lose should accept defeat 3 564 There should be improvement in educational sector 6 565 Police should be equipped 4 995 Others 86 996 No further reply 1248 997 Don't know 0 Q84c. Most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria 84. To you personally, what are the most important issues in the April 2007 elections in Nigeria? 2410 -1 996 -1 Missing data 2 340 The election should be free and fair 50 341 Safety/security for voters and voting materials 66 342 Politicians should avoid use of violence/should be peaceful 77 343 Qualified/right candidate should be voted to power 22 344 Anti corruption crusade/no corruption and bribery 14 345 Availability of enough voting materials 17 346 INEC staff should be honest/transparent 33 347 People should be educated on how to vote 0 348 Counting of votes after election to be done properly 6 349 Rigging of elections should be avoided 26 350 People should not trade their voting rights 16 351 Election result should be released quickly 11 352 Voters registration exercise should be extended 3 353 Open ballot system should be adopted for election 9 354 There should be no unfulfilled promise from contestants 5 355 Candidates should avoid buying votes 4 356 Voters should vote candidates of their choice 12 357 There should be good monitoring of election 1 358 Everybody should come out to vote 9 359 Ensure every eligible person get registered 4 550 People should cast their votes wisely 1 551 Candidates contesting must be well known 3 552 Educate people on advantage of voting 12 553 The President is going to hand over power 0 554 Postponement of an election date 3 555 People should be enlighten on existing parties 1 556 Eradication of poverty 20 557 Provision of good water 14 558 Development of our villages and communities 3 559 Provision of good roads 21 560 Job opportunities should be created 33 561 Provision of electricity 19 562 There should be economic growth 14 563 Candidate that lose should accept defeat 1 564 There should be improvement in educational sector 3 565 Police should be equipped 4 995 Others 31 996 No further reply 1840 997 Don't know 0 Q85a. Opinion about each political party in coming election: ANPP Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party:] [ What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 161 2 Dislike 288 3 Feel neutral about 689 4 Like 746 5 Strongly 362 9 Don't know 164 999 Refused 0 Q85b. Opinion about each political party in coming election: AC Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 136 2 Dislike 342 3 Feel neutral about 738 4 Like 704 5 Strongly 186 9 Don't know 304 999 Refused 0 Q85c. Opinion about each political party in coming election: AD Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 173 2 Dislike 465 3 Feel neutral about 850 4 Like 480 5 Strongly 97 9 Don't know 345 999 Refused 0 Q85d. Opinion about each political party in coming election: PDP Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 219 2 Dislike 315 3 Feel neutral about 544 4 Like 700 5 Strongly 512 9 Don't know 120 999 Refused 0 Q85e. Opinion about each political party in coming election: APGA Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 188 2 Dislike 406 3 Feel neutral about 783 4 Like 309 5 Strongly 69 9 Don't know 655 999 Refused 0 Q85f. Opinion about each political party in coming election: DPA Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 167 2 Dislike 409 3 Feel neutral about 708 4 Like 163 5 Strongly 24 9 Don't know 939 999 Refused 0 Q85g. Opinion about each political party in coming election:LP Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 166 2 Dislike 385 3 Feel neutral about 663 4 Like 169 5 Strongly 28 9 Don't know 999 999 Refused 0 Q85h. Opinion about each political party in coming election: PPA Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 171 2 Dislike 348 3 Feel neutral about 668 4 Like 171 5 Strongly 25 9 Don't know 1027 999 Refused 0 Q85i. Opinion about each political party in coming election: FRESH Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 184 2 Dislike 347 3 Feel neutral about 681 4 Like 191 5 Strongly 39 9 Don't know 968 999 Refused 0 Q85j. Opinion about each political party in coming election: NDP Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 161 2 Dislike 374 3 Feel neutral about 735 4 Like 185 5 Strongly 16 9 Don't know 939 999 Refused 0 Q85k. Opinion about each political party in coming election: AA Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 155 2 Dislike 361 3 Feel neutral about 676 4 Like 195 5 Strongly 20 9 Don't know 1003 999 Refused 0 Q85l. Opinion about each political party in coming election: DPP Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 155 2 Dislike 362 3 Feel neutral about 664 4 Like 209 5 Strongly 61 9 Don't know 959 999 Refused 0 Q85m. Opinion about each political party in coming election: ACD Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 154 2 Dislike 338 3 Feel neutral about 701 4 Like 198 5 Strongly 22 9 Don't know 997 999 Refused 0 Q85n. Opinion about each political party in coming election: ADC Interviewer: For each part after part A, continue with the following, inserting appropriate party: What about Party B, C, D, etc 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Strongly dislike 169 2 Dislike 326 3 Feel neutral about 684 4 Like 154 5 Strongly 20 9 Don't know 1057 999 Refused 0 Q86a. Party liked most, factor considered: the past governing experience of the party 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 334 1 A little 927 2 A lot 963 9 Don't know 186 999 Refused 0 Q86b. Party liked most, factor considered: the policies the party promises to implement 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 290 1 A little 784 2 A lot 1163 9 Don't know 173 999 Refused 0 Q86c. Party liked most, factor considered: the ethnic or regional origin of the party's leader 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 678 1 A little 818 2 A lot 721 9 Don't know 193 999 Refused 0 Q86d. Party liked most, factor considered: the party leader's background in the military 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 826 1 A little 798 2 A lot 556 9 Don't know 230 999 Refused 0 Q86e. Party liked most, factor considered: the personal integrity of the party's leader 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 334 1 A little 794 2 A lot 1081 9 Don't know 201 999 Refused 0 Q86f. Party liked most, factor considered: the leadership skills of the party's leader 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 364 1 A little 746 2 A lot 1098 9 Don't know 202 999 Refused 0 Q86g. Party liked most, factor considered: the campaign rewards distributed by the party's candidates 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 655 1 A little 843 2 A lot 686 9 Don't know 226 999 Refused 0 Q86h. Party liked most, factor considered: the services delivered by the present government 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 398 1 A little 853 2 A lot 937 9 Don't know 222 999 Refused 0 Q86i. Party liked most, factor considered: the party's chances of winning 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 398 1 A little 844 2 A lot 937 9 Don't know 231 999 Refused 0 Q86j. Party liked most, factor considered: was there anything else you considered 2410 340 996 -1 Missing data 0 340 Party that listens to people/has people's interest at heart 10 341 Party's candidate, candidate who is most loved by people 5 342 Party's transparency/ trustworthiness 4 343 Party's religious views / godliness of the party 5 344 The party my family likes 1 345 There is no party I like 1 995 Others 5 996 No further answer 2379 Q87a. Party most dislike, factor consider: the past governing experience of the party 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 589 1 A little 673 2 A lot 908 9 Don't know 240 999 Refused 0 Q87b. Party most dislike, factor consider: the party's poor or unrealistic policies 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 525 1 A little 571 2 A lot 1064 9 Don't know 250 999 Refused 0 Q87c. Party most dislike, factor consider: the ethnic or regional origin of the party's leader 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 889 1 A little 684 2 A lot 563 9 Don't know 274 999 Refused 0 Q87d. Party most dislike, factor consider: the party leader's background in the military 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 937 1 A little 673 2 A lot 506 9 Don't know 294 999 Refused 0 Q87e. Party most dislike, factor consider: the party leader's perceived association with corruption 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 523 1 A little 583 2 A lot 1023 9 Don't know 281 999 Refused 0 Q87f. Party most dislike, factor consider: the party leader's lack of leadership skills 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 549 1 A little 596 2 A lot 995 9 Don't know 270 999 Refused 0 Q87g. Party most dislike, factor consider: the party's perceived tribalism 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Not at all 632 1 A little 634 2 A lot 852 9 Don't know 292 999 Refused 0 Q87h. Party most dislike, factor consider: was there anything else you considered 2410 340 996 -1 Missing data 0 340 Party that has too much of violent people 1 341 Party that do not stand the chance of winning 0 342 Party whose members are not co-operative 1 343 Party involved in favoritism 2 344 Party using people to get what they want 0 345 Party that use unqualified candidate for posts 2 995 Others 8 996 No further answer 2396 Q88. Party's candidate would vote for: as national president 88. If elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for: as national President? 2410 340 999 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 551 341 AC 224 342 AD 45 343 PDP 817 344 APGA 63 345 DPA 3 346 LP 7 347 PPA 34 348 FRESH 41 349 NDP 10 350 AA 4 351 DPP 37 352 ACD 9 353 ADC 4 354 I have not decided yet 4 355 NCP 1 356 PSP 0 995 Others 4 997 Would not vote 124 998 Refuse to answer 95 999 Don't know 333 Q89. Party's candidate would vote for: in the National Assembly 89. If elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for: in the National Assembly? 2410 340 999 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 468 341 AC 225 342 AD 48 343 PDP 835 344 APGA 58 345 DPA 3 346 LP 12 347 PPA 21 348 FRESH 18 349 NDP 6 350 AA 1 351 DPP 36 352 ACD 4 353 ADC 4 354 I have not decided yet 3 355 NCP 1 356 PSP 0 995 Others 3 997 Would not vote 161 998 Refuse to answer 87 999 Don't know 416 Q90. Party's candidate would vote for: as Governor of your state 90. If elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for: as Governor of your State? 2410 340 999 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 491 341 AC 256 342 AD 37 343 PDP 877 344 APGA 55 345 DPA 2 346 LP 21 347 PPA 27 348 FRESH 21 349 NDP 7 350 AA 1 351 DPP 43 352 ACD 5 353 ADC 7 354 I have not decided yet 2 355 NCP 1 356 PSP 3 995 Others 3 997 Would not vote 132 998 Refuse to answer 89 999 Don't know 330 Q91. Party's candidate would vote for: in your State House of Assembly 91. If elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for: in your State House of Assembly? 2410 340 999 -1 Missing data 0 340 ANPP 476 341 AC 234 342 AD 41 343 PDP 797 344 APGA 56 345 DPA 4 346 LP 12 347 PPA 18 348 FRESH 24 349 NDP 8 350 AA 1 351 DPP 41 352 ACD 5 353 ADC 3 354 I have not decided yet 2 355 NCP 1 356 PSP 0 995 Others 3 997 Would not vote 162 998 Refuse to answer 90 999 Don't know 432 Q92. Have different legal system vs. Have one, non-religious legal system Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 336 2 Agree with A 561 3 Agree with B 694 4 Agree very strongly with B 674 5 Agree with neither 91 9 Don't know 54 998 Refused 0 Q93. Support or oppose the adoption of sharia law 93. Do you support or oppose the adoption of sharia law in your state? Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing data 0 1 Support strongly 310 2 Support 388 3 Feel neutral 215 4 Oppose 419 5 Oppose strongly 975 9 Don't know 103 999 Refused 0 Q94a. Effect of Sharia law: the present overall level of crime Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 290 1 Increase somewhat 320 2 Maintain 510 3 Decrease somewhat 530 4 Decrease a lot 416 9 Don't know 344 999 Refused 0 Q94b. Effect of Sharia law: the present level of theft, burglary and robbery Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 271 1 Increase somewhat 316 2 Maintain 502 3 Decrease somewhat 530 4 Decrease a lot 447 9 Don't know 344 999 Refused 0 Q94c. Effect of Sharia law: the present level of physical assault Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 307 1 Increase somewhat 333 2 Maintain 477 3 Decrease somewhat 489 4 Decrease a lot 425 9 Don't know 379 999 Refused 0 Q94d. Effect of Sharia law: the present level of sexual assault Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 280 1 Increase somewhat 266 2 Maintain 462 3 Decrease somewhat 526 4 Decrease a lot 515 9 Don't know 361 999 Refused 0 Q94e. Effect of Sharia law: the present level of political violence Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 363 1 Increase somewhat 374 2 Maintain 495 3 Decrease somewhat 414 4 Decrease a lot 386 9 Don't know 378 999 Refused 0 Q94f. Effect of Sharia law: the present level of ethnic or religious conflict Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 Increase a lot 478 1 Increase somewhat 388 2 Maintain 432 3 Decrease somewhat 388 4 Decrease a lot 367 9 Don't know 357 999 Refused 0 Q95. Revenue from oil should to the communities vs. Revenue from oil go to the Federal Govt Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 413 2 Agree with A 440 3 Agree with B 739 4 Agree very strongly with B 761 5 Agree with neither 41 9 Don't know 16 998 Refused 0 Q96. Nigeria should remain as one country vs.Nigeria should be broken apart Interviewer: Probe for strength of opinion: Do you agree or agree very strongly? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with A 1208 2 Agree with A 789 3 Agree with B 232 4 Agree very strongly with B 127 5 Agree with neither 37 9 Don't know 17 998 Refused 0 Q97. Tribe or ethnic group If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (998), DON’T KNOW (999) or mention “Nigerian only (990)”– then mark 7 = Not Applicable for questions 98, 99 and 100 and continue to question 101 Interviewer: Prompt if necessary: You know, your ethnic or cultural group. Do NOT read options. Code from response 2410 340 998 -1 Missing data 0 340 Hausa 479 341 Igbo 447 342 Yoruba 475 344 Efik 36 345 Ebira 24 346 Fulani 109 347 Isoko 5 348 Ibibio 80 349 Kanuri 59 350 Tiv 48 351 Nupe 17 352 Ijaw 106 353 Edo 62 354 Igala 37 355 Urhobo 32 356 Idoma 11 357 Bassa 18 358 Ikwere 31 550 Awori 5 551 Tapa 1 553 Kalabari 6 554 Birom 3 555 Shuwa-Arab 2 556 Jukun 15 558 Gwari 4 559 Anang 0 560 Ekoi 0 561 Ukwani 0 562 Igede 1 563 Ekpeye 0 564 Taroh 0 565 Ogoni 1 566 Sayawa 0 567 Okpella 0 568 Okirika 5 990 Nigerian only or "doesn't think of self in those terms" 1 995 Others 285 998 Refused to answer 5 999 Don't know 0 Q98. Ethnic group treated fairly 98. How often are ____________s [R’s Ethnic group] treated unfairly by the government? If respondent did not identify any group on Q97 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (998), DIDN’T KNOW (999), or said “ Nigerian only” (990) – then mark 7 = Not Applicable for questions 98, 99 and 100 and continue to question 101 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 519 1 Sometimes 854 2 Often 365 3 Always 427 7 Not applicable 6 9 Don't know 239 998 Refused 0 Q99a. Ethnic group's economic conditions Probe for strength of opinion. If respondent did not identify any group on Q97 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (998), DIDN’T KNOW (999), or said “Nigerian only” (990) – then mark 7 = Not Applicable for questions 98, 99 and 100 and continue to question 101 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much Better 121 2 Better 660 3 Same 783 4 Worse 542 5 Much Worse 226 7 Not applicable 6 9 Don't know 72 998 Refused 0 Q99b. Ethnic group's political influence Probe for strength of opinion. If respondent did not identify any group on Q97 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (998), DIDN’T KNOW (999), or said “Nigerian only” (990) – then mark 7 = Not Applicable for questions 98, 99 and 100 and continue to question 101 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much more 286 2 More 459 3 Same 765 4 Less 555 5 Much less 230 7 Not applicable 6 9 Don't know 109 998 Refused 0 Q100. Ethnic or national identity 100. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Nigerian and being a ________[R’s ETHNIC GROUP]. Which of the following statements best expresses your feelings? If respondent did not identify any group on Q97 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (998), DIDN’T KNOW (999), or said “Nigerian only” (990) – then mark 7 = Not Applicable for questions 98, 99 and 100 and continue to question 101. 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 I feel only 67 2 I feel more 362 3 I feel equally Nigerian and 1320 4 I feel more Nigerian than 329 5 I feel only Nigerian 265 7 Not applicable 6 9 Don't know 61 998 Refused 0 Q101. Education of respondent 101. What is the highest level of education you have completed? Code from answer. Do not read options 2410 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No formal schooling 212 1 Informal schooling only 182 2 Some primary schooling 87 3 Primary school completed 225 4 Some secondary school/high school 381 5 Secondary school completed/high school 685 6 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 319 7 Some university 150 8 University completed 126 9 Post-graduate 29 99 Don't know 14 998 Refused 0 Q102. Religion of respondent 102. What is your religion, if any? 2410 0 999 -1 Missing 0 0 None 14 2 Catholic 352 3 Protestant (Mainstream) 223 4 Protestant (Evangelical/Pentecostal) 479 5 African Independent Church 35 6 Traditional religion 23 7 Hindu 2 8 Agnostic (Do not know if there is a God) 0 9 Atheist (Do not believe in a God) 2 10 Christian (general) 273 13 Jehovah's Witness 10 14 Seventh Day Adventist 7 340 Muslim, Sunni/Tijaniyat 337 341 Muslim, Shiite/Izala 145 342 Other Muslim 497 995 Other 3 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 8 Q103. How often attend religious services 103. Excluding weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services? 2410 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 141 2 About once a year or less 115 3 About once every several months 171 4 About once a month 155 5 About once a week 613 6 More than once a week 1184 9 Don't know 31 998 Refused 0 Q104a. Own book 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 496 1 Yes, do own 1901 9 Don't know 13 998 Refused 0 Q104b. Own radio 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 132 1 Yes, do own 2269 9 Don't know 9 998 Refused 0 Q104c. Own television 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 691 1 Yes, do own 1707 9 Don't know 12 998 Refused 0 Q104d. Own bicycle 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 1409 1 Yes, do own 981 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q104e. Own motorcycle 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 1649 1 Yes, do own 743 9 Don't know 18 998 Refused 0 Q104f. Own motor vehicle or car 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No, don't own 1838 1 Yes, do own 552 9 Don't know 20 998 Refused 0 Q105. Employment status 105. Do you have a job that pays cash income? Is it full-time or part-time? And are you presently looking for a job (even if you are presently working)? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No (not looking) 595 1 No (looking) 306 2 Yes, part time (not looking) 154 3 Yes, part time (looking) 252 4 Yes, full time (not looking) 804 5 Yes, full time (looking) 288 9 Don't know 11 998 Refused 0 Q106. Main occupation 106. What is your main occupation? (If unemployed, retired or disabled, what was your last main occupation?) Do not read options. Code from responses. 2410 0 999 -1 Missing 0 0 Never had a job 150 1 Subsistence farmer (own consumption only) 57 2 Peasant farmer (own consumption and sale) 155 3 Commercial farmer (mainly for sale) 44 4 Farm worker 100 5 Fisherman 29 6 Trader/Hawker/Vendor 283 7 Miner 5 8 Domestic worker/maid/househelp 6 9 Armed service/Police/ Security personnel 13 10 Artisan/skilled manual, formal sector 50 11 Artisan/skilled manual, informal sector 91 12 Clerical worker 44 13 Unskilled manual, formal sector 44 14 Unskilled manual, informal sector 72 15 Businessperson (works for others) 61 16 Businessperson (own business, less than 10) 86 17 Businessperson (own business, 10 or more) 9 18 Professional worker 42 19 Supervisor/ Foreman 5 20 Teacher 66 21 Government worker 94 22 Retail worker 40 23 Student 503 24 Housewife/ work in household 315 340 Clergy/Imam/Pastor 0 341 Musician 1 342 Politician 0 990 Unemployed 0 991 Retired 0 992 Disabled 0 993 Anything 0 995 Other 31 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 14 Q107a. Physical health 107. In the last month, how much of the time: Has your physical health reduced the amount of work you normally do inside or outside your home? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1119 1 Just once or twice 876 2 Many times 361 3 Always 34 9 Don't Know 20 998 Refused 0 Q107b. Mental health 107. In the last month, how much of the time: Have you been so worried or anxious that you have felt tired, worn out, or exhausted? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1062 1 Just once or twice 766 2 Many times 494 3 Always 69 9 Don't Know 19 998 Refused 0 Q108. Know someone who died of AIDS 108. Do you know a close friend or relative who has died of AIDS? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1939 1 Yes 302 8 Refused 51 9 Don't know 118 Q109. How many died of AIDS Interviewer: If respondent answered “yes” to Q108, ask: How many friends or relatives is that? Interviewer: Enter 3 digit number. If answer to Q108 was “No,” “Don’t Know,” or “Refused to answer,” enter 997 = Not applicable. If respondent refuses enter 998, and enter 999 for “don’t know.” 2410 1 999 -1 Missing 0 1 109 2 65 3 42 4 21 5 10 6 5 7 2 8 2 9 1 10 2 12 1 15 1 997 Not Applicable 2108 998 Will not say/Refused 38 999 Don't know 3 Time interview ended Interviewer: Enter hour and minute, use 24 hr. clock 2410 Length of interview Duration of interview in minutes 2410 10 289 -1 Missing 0 Q110. Gender of respondent 110. Respondent's gender 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Male 1205 2 Female 1205 Q111. Race of respondent. 111. Respondent’s race? 2410 1 1 -1 Missing data 0 1 Black/African 2410 2 White/European 0 3 Coloured/Mixed Race 0 4 Arab/Lebanese/North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 0 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 0 95 Other 0 Q112. Language of interview 112. Which language was the interview conducted in? Circle all that apply 2410 1 343 -1 Missing 0 1 English 1177 340 Hausa 674 341 Igbo 166 342 Yoruba 244 343 Pidgin English 149 Q113. Others present 113. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 2410 1 5 -1 Missing data 0 1 No one 1568 2 Spouse 152 3 Children Only 234 4 A few others 412 5 Small crowd 44 Q114a. Check with others Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 2410 0 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2410 1 Yes 0 Q114b. Influence by others Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 2410 0 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2410 1 Yes 0 Q114c. Approached by community/ party representatives Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 2410 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2379 1 Yes 31 Q114d. Feel threatened Did you feel threatened during the interview? 2410 0 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2410 1 Yes 0 Q114e. Physically threatened Were you physically threatened during the interview? 2410 0 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2410 1 Yes 0 Q115. Proportion difficulty answering 115. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 2410 0 2 -1 Missing 0 0 None 1974 1 Few 362 2 Some 74 3 Most 0 4 All 0 Q116a. Trouble answering - first response up to three. If the respondent had trouble with less than three, enter “000” in the boxes. 2410 000 2352 001 1 015 1 018 1 019 1 020 1 021 1 024 2 025 1 026 2 031 1 034 5 037 2 040 3 041 1 045 1 046 1 048 2 051 1 052 1 053 1 054 1 055 1 062 2 067 1 069 2 073 1 075 1 076 2 077 1 084 2 085 4 086 1 088 8 098 1 Q116b. Trouble answering - second response up to three. If the respondent had trouble with less than three, enter “000” in the boxes. 2410 000 2353 005 1 022 1 025 1 026 1 032 1 033 1 034 4 035 3 037 1 038 2 040 2 041 2 044 1 046 1 054 2 057 1 060 1 067 1 071 1 074 1 076 3 077 2 079 1 084 4 085 2 086 5 087 1 088 2 089 8 Q116c. Trouble answering - third response up to three. If the respondent had trouble with less than three, enter “000” in the boxes. 2410 000 2355 000. 1 015 1 027 1 033 1 035 3 039 1 041 1 048 1 049 1 055 2 064 2 065 3 068 1 072 1 074 1 076 1 077 1 078 1 083 1 084 4 085 4 086 4 087 5 089 2 090 8 091 1 094 1 103 1 Q117a. Respondent friendly 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: friendly; in between; or hostile? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Friendly 2132 2 In between 278 3 Hostile 0 Q117b. Respondent interested 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: interested; in between; or bored? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Interested 2011 2 In between 399 3 Bored 0 Q117c. Respondent cooperative 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: cooperative; in between; or uncooperative? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Cooperative 2065 2 In between 345 3 Uncooperative 0 Q117d. Respondent patient 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: patient; in between; or impatient? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Patient 1895 2 In between 515 3 Impatient 0 Q117e. Respondent at ease 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: at ease; in between; or suspicious? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 At ease 1892 2 In between 518 3 Suspicious 0 Q117f. Respondent honest 117. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: honest; in between; or misleading? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Honest 2083 2 In between 327 3 Misleading 0 Q119. Interviewer's number 119. Interviewer’s Number 2410 Q120. Interviewer's age 120. Interviewer’s Age 2410 18 32 -1 Missing data 0 18 28 19 36 20 190 21 207 22 272 23 328 24 359 25 312 26 165 27 221 28 149 29 81 30 56 32 6 Q121. Interviewer's gender 121. Interviewer’s gender 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Male 1267 2 Female 1143 Q122 Interviewer urban or rural 122. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 2410 1 2 -1 Missing data 0 1 Rural 12 2 Urban 2398 Q123. Interviewer's home language 123. Interviewer's home language: 2410 1 995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 40 340 Hausa 137 341 Igbo 465 342 Yoruba 577 343 Pidgin English 0 344 Efik 44 345 Ebira 12 346 Fulani 0 347 Isoko 20 348 Ibibio 84 349 Kanuri 56 350 Tiv 36 351 Nupe 49 352 Ijaw 28 353 Edo 174 354 Igala 94 355 Urhobo 54 356 Idoma 87 357 Bassa 0 358 Ikwere 0 359 Ukwani 0 550 Anang 0 551 Ron 20 552 Geomai 0 553 Kadara 0 554 Pyam 0 555 Bahumono 0 556 Boki 0 557 Yakurr 0 558 Esan 20 559 Bijim 0 560 Ekpeye 0 561 Jaba 0 562 Birom 0 563 Igede 11 564 Pyem 0 565 Taroh 0 566 Korro 0 567 Ogoni 0 568 Mbembe 0 569 Sayawa 0 580 Itsekiri 0 581 Kalabari 28 582 Okirika 27 583 Nembe 0 584 Eggon 24 585 Bade/Badewa 0 586 Kataf Atyp 28 587 Obubra 0 588 Ugep 0 589 Lunguda 0 590 Ankwai 0 591 Honna 0 592 Bude/Gude 0 593 Warenchi 0 594 Wariji 0 595 Babar/Babare 0 596 Bura 0 597 Karekare 0 598 Jabba 0 599 Gwari 12 600 Jarawa/Jare 0 601 Kambiri 0 602 Kamuko 0 603 Arago 0 604 Garde 0 605 Shuwa Arab 0 606 Dukawa 0 607 Baribari 0 608 Kagoro 0 609 Ngwi 0 610 Maghawul 0 611 Tera/Terawa 8 612 Babole 0 613 Bolewa/Bolawa 0 614 Ejakjam 0 615 Kilba 44 616 Higgi 20 617 Bachama 0 618 Bajyare 0 619 Gwoza 0 620 Jukun 0 621 Ikulu 0 622 Kamantan 0 623 Bajju 0 624 Obudu 13 625 Ma'auru 0 626 Gbagi 0 627 Finawa 0 628 Bashari 0 629 Egebe 0 630 Ngas 0 631 Migili 0 632 Tangale 32 633 Burmawa 0 634 Kanaguru 0 635 Waja 0 636 Manga 0 637 Ngizim 0 638 Madagali 0 639 Surubu 16 640 Murghi/Marghi 16 641 Huchika 12 642 Quan 0 643 Quala 0 995 Others 122 Q124. Interviewer's education 124. Interviewer’s highest level of education 2410 4 8 -1 Missing 0 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary/high scl 40 5 High school completed 496 6 Post secondary qualifications (not university ) 768 7 Some university 680 8 University completed 426 9 Post graduate 0 Q125a. Post office in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2076 1 Yes 284 9 Can't determine 50 Q125b. School in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 262 1 Yes 2139 9 Can't determine 9 Q125c. Police station in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1497 1 Yes 869 9 Can't determine 44 Q125d. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 648 1 Yes 1730 9 Can't determine 32 Q125e. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1551 1 Yes 819 9 Can't determine 40 Q125f. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1632 1 Yes 746 9 Can't determine 32 Q125g. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1020 1 Yes 1334 9 Can't determine 56 Q125h. Recreational facilities in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1255 1 Yes 1111 9 Can't determine 44 Q125i. Places of worship in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 145 1 Yes 2257 9 Can't determine 8 Q125j. Community buildings in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1489 1 Yes 791 9 Can't determine 130 Q125k. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 609 1 Yes 1793 9 Can't determine 8 Q126a. Police in the PSU/EA 126. In the PSU / EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any policemen or police vehicles? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1468 1 Yes 934 9 Don't know 8 Q126b. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EQ 126. In the PSU / EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any soldiers or army vehicles? 2410 0 9 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 2224 1 Yes 178 9 Don't know 8 Q127. Tarred/ paved road 127. Thinking of the journey here: Was the road at the start point in the PSU / EA paved / tarred / concrete? 2410 0 1 -1 Missing data 0 0 No 1045 1 Yes 1365 Within-country weight (to correct for South-South oversample) 2410 0.6851 1.0905 0.6851 538 1.0905 1872