ZMB_2018_AFB-R7_v01_M DDI_ZMB_2018_AFB-R7_v01_M_WB Development Economics Data Group 2021-04-06 Metadata Editor Version 01 (April 2021) ZMB_2018_AFB-R7_v01_M Afrobarometer Survey 2018 Round 7 AFB-R7 2018 Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD) Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR) Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) Institute for Development Studies (IDS) Michigan State University (MSU) University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa) Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group Metadata Editor For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Other Household Survey [hh/oth] Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Round 4 surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in 20 countries, reflecting the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. The fifth Round of surveys were done between October 2011 and June 2013. In the Round 5 surveys, the project covered an additional 15 countries in different regions of the continent. Among the new R5 countries were Mauritius and Swaziland in Southern Africa; Burundi and Ethiopia in East Africa; Cameroon, Niger, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Togo in West Africa. Afrobarometer also worked with the Arab Barometer and implemented R5 surveys in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco Sudan and Tunisia. Additional Round 5.5 surveys were also conducted in Mali and Zimbabwe. In Round 6, surveys were done 36 countries. Two countries that were covered in Round 5, Ethiopia and Egypt, were not included due to operational constraints. In their place, the Network added Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe. The survey covered 34 African countries covered in Round 7 (2016-2018). Here are the list of countries covered in Round 7: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. Round 3 (2005-2006) 18 countries, Round 4 (2008) 20 countries, Round 5 (2011-2013) 34 countries, and Round 6 (2014-2015) 36 countries. The survey covered 34 countries in Round 7 (2016-2018). Zambia National coverage The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Individual The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. zam_r7_data.sav 1200 356 .sav Afrobarometer round 7 survey data. Respondent number 1200 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 1200 1 2 1 Urban 528 2 Rural 672 Province or region Region/Province 1200 820 829 820 Lusaka 240 821 Central 120 822 Copperbelt 192 823 Eastern 136 824 Luapula 80 825 Northern 96 826 North western 56 827 Southern 144 828 Western 72 829 Muchinga 64 EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 584 1 Yes 616 9 Can't determine 0 EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 912 1 Yes 280 9 Can't determine 8 EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 992 1 Yes 192 9 Can't determine 16 EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 128 1 Yes 1072 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1080 1 Yes 112 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 264 1 Yes 928 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 888 1 Yes 296 9 Can't determine 16 EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 592 1 Yes 584 9 Can't determine 24 EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 328 1 Yes 872 9 Can't determine 0 EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1064 1 Yes 128 9 Can't determine 8 EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 528 1 Yes 656 9 Can't determine 16 EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1016 1 Yes 184 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1152 1 Yes 48 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1144 1 Yes 48 9 Don't know 8 EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1184 1 Yes 16 9 Don't know 0 EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1144 1 Yes 56 9 Don't know 0 EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point Thinking of your journey here: Was the road at the start point in the PSU/EA? 1200 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 Earth 456 2 Gravel 336 3 Stone 8 4 Muram 8 5 Paved/ Tarred 384 6 Concrete 8 EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km Thinking of your journey here: What was the most common surface of the road over the last 5 kilometers before arriving at the start point of the PSU/EA? 1200 1 5 -1 Missing 0 1 Earth 528 2 Gravel 256 3 Stone 16 4 Muram 8 5 Paved/ Tarred 392 6 Concrete 0 EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km Thinking of your journey here: What was the condition of the road in the last 5 kilometers before reaching the start point of the PSU/EA? Was the road in excellent or good condition and easy to traverse, or was it in poor or very poor condition, that is, difficult to traverse due to potholes, waterlogging, or other issues, or was it impassable at any point (e.g., due to a collapsed bridge, fallen tree, flooding, etc.)? 1200 1 6 -1 Missing 0 1 Impassable 32 2 Very poor 424 3 Poor 216 4 Fair 152 5 Good 296 6 Very good 80 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 21 2 Person selected was never at home 13 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 5 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 2 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 4 6 Did not fit gender quota 22 7 No adults in household 3 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1130 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 3 2 Person selected was never at home 2 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 2 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1186 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 1 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1197 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 1200 6 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 1 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1199 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1200 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1200 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1200 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 8 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 0 2 Person selected was never at home 0 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 0 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 0 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 0 6 Did not fit gender quota 0 7 No adults in household 0 8 Other 0 9997 Interview was successful 1200 This interview, gender This interview must be with a: 1200 1 2 1 Male 601 2 Female 599 Number of adults in household Total number of adult citizens in household 1200 1 19 1 63 2 261 3 203 4 185 5 127 6 110 7 78 8 73 9 41 10 26 11 6 12 14 13 4 14 4 15 2 17 1 18 1 19 1 Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 1200 1 2 1 1171 2 29 Date of interview Date of interview 1200 2017-04-08 26 2017-04-09 93 2017-04-10 91 2017-04-11 44 2017-04-12 95 2017-04-13 116 2017-04-14 85 2017-04-15 66 2017-04-16 96 2017-04-17 97 2017-04-18 99 2017-04-19 78 2017-04-20 88 2017-04-21 40 2017-04-22 56 2017-04-23 24 2017-04-24 4 2017-04-25 2 Time interview started 1200 Q1. Age 1. How old are you? 1200 18 95 -1 Missing 0 18 50 19 42 20 39 21 40 22 42 23 55 24 41 25 53 26 39 27 35 28 29 29 36 30 35 31 26 32 34 33 22 34 37 35 48 36 30 37 24 38 33 39 16 40 43 41 16 42 27 43 8 44 11 45 26 46 8 47 16 48 30 49 20 50 11 51 7 52 20 53 10 54 5 55 7 56 7 57 12 58 6 59 4 60 17 61 2 62 10 63 4 64 5 65 7 66 1 67 5 68 4 69 8 70 2 71 6 72 3 73 3 75 3 76 1 77 3 78 3 79 1 80 2 82 1 85 1 86 1 87 1 88 2 89 1 90 1 92 1 95 1 998 Refused 0 999 Don't know 0 Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue 2a. Which Zambian language is your mother tongue or language of origin? 1200 1 9995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 8 820 Bemba 342 821 Nyanja 20 822 Tonga 140 823 Lozi 91 824 Chewa 93 825 Nsenga 56 826 Tumbuka 38 827 Kaonde 28 828 Luvale 30 829 Namwanga 31 830 Lunda 33 831 Bisa 10 832 Nkoya 3 833 Mambwe 34 834 Lenje 30 835 Ngoni 48 836 Soli 6 837 Ila 8 838 Ushi 18 839 Chokwe 5 840 Mbunda 4 841 Kunda 20 842 Lala 22 843 Lamba 22 844 Lungu 11 845 Nyika 6 846 Senga 7 847 Tokaleya 6 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 1 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 2 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 27 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) 2a. Which Zambian language is your mother tongue or language of origin? Other 1200 1169 BISA 1 BIZA 1 CHAWA 1 CHIGOLEGOLE 1 CHIKUNDA 1 CHOKWE 2 ENGLISH AND NYANJA 1 KALUBALE 1 KALUNDA 1 KASAAI 1 LALA 1 LAMBYA 1 LUCHAZI 5 MAKWAMASHI 1 MUSWAKA 1 NDEBELE 3 NGONI 1 SHILA 3 SHONA 2 SWAKA 2 Q2b. Language spoken in home 2b. What is the primary language you speak in your home now? 1200 1 9995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 42 820 Bemba 462 821 Nyanja 188 822 Tonga 118 823 Lozi 79 824 Chewa 65 825 Nsenga 34 826 Tumbuka 18 827 Kaonde 9 828 Luvale 30 829 Namwanga 17 830 Lunda 21 831 Bisa 1 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 19 834 Lenje 10 835 Ngoni 7 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 2 838 Ushi 5 839 Chokwe 1 840 Mbunda 5 841 Kunda 11 842 Lala 10 843 Lamba 10 844 Lungu 9 845 Nyika 2 846 Senga 2 847 Tokaleya 1 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 22 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) 2b. What is the primary language you speak in your home now? Other 1200 1178 BEMBA AND NYANJA 2 BEMBA AND TONGA 1 ENGLISH AND BEMBA 1 ENGLISH AND NYANJA 1 ENGLISH,BEMBA AND NYANJA 1 ILA AND NYANJA 1 KAONDE ILA 1 LAMBA AND BEMBA 1 LAMBA AND LENJE 1 LENJE AND NYANJA 1 LENJE AND TONGA 1 LUCHAZI 3 MAMBWE AND BEMBA 1 NDEBELE 1 NSENGA AND BEMBA 1 SWAKA 2 TONGA AND NYANJA 1 ZEZULU 1 Q3. Overall direction of the country 3. Let's start with your general view about the current direction of our country. Some people might think the country is going in the wrong direction. Others may feel it is going in the right direction. So let me ask YOU about the overall direction of the country: Would you say that the country is going in the wrong direction or going in the right direction? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Going in the wrong direction 777 2 Going in the right direction 392 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 28 Q4a. Country’s present economic condition 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 401 2 Fairly Bad 318 3 Neither good nor bad 133 4 Fairly Good 252 5 Very good 77 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 17 Q4b. Your present living conditions 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Bad 257 2 Fairly Bad 303 3 Neither good nor bad 178 4 Fairly Good 369 5 Very good 88 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 4 Q5. Your living conditions vs. others 5. In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Zambians? Read out options 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 124 2 Worse 368 3 Same 255 4 Better 347 5 Much better 61 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 44 Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country's economic condition compared to 12 months ago? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 186 2 Worse 433 3 Same 216 4 Better 277 5 Much better 71 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 15 Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time 7. Looking ahead, do you expect economic conditions in this country to be better or worse in twelve months’ time? Read out options 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 218 2 Worse 268 3 Same 149 4 Better 282 5 Much better 95 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 186 Q8a. How often gone without food 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 502 1 Just once or twice 281 2 Several times 286 3 Many times 112 4 Always 18 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q8b. How often gone without water 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 617 1 Just once or twice 178 2 Several times 226 3 Many times 114 4 Always 62 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 2 Q8c. How often gone without medical care 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 548 1 Just once or twice 265 2 Several times 252 3 Many times 91 4 Always 43 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel 1200 0 8 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 714 1 Just once or twice 225 2 Several times 168 3 Many times 69 4 Always 23 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 0 Q8e. How often gone without cash income 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 181 1 Just once or twice 174 2 Several times 380 3 Many times 295 4 Always 163 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 4 Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Identify the most intense (highest) code circled on Q8. If it is a 2, 3 or 4, i.e., if the respondent went without any item in Q8a-e “several times”, “many times”, or “always,” take the most frequent response given and ask: 8. When you say you went without [insert item] [insert frequency] would you say this occurred: 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 About once every two or three months 105 2 About once a month 105 3 Two or three times a month 194 4 About once a week 81 5 Several times a week 322 6 Every day 160 7 Not applicable 224 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t Know 7 Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances 9. Considering ALL the activities you engage in to secure a livelihood, how much, if at all, do you depend on receiving remittances from relatives or friends living in other countries? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all / Does not receive remittances 1037 1 A little bit 91 2 Somewhat 42 3 A lot 28 7 Not applicable 0 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 2 Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 667 1 Just once or twice 181 2 Several times 205 3 Many times 101 4 Always 43 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 3 Q10b. How often feared crime in home Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 758 1 Just once or twice 167 2 Several times 144 3 Many times 80 4 Always 48 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 3 Q11a. Had something stolen from house If the respondent answers yes, follow by asking: "Did this happen once, twice, or three or more times?" 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 789 1 Yes, once 209 2 Yes, twice 95 3 Yes, three or more times 106 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q11b. Have been physically attacked If the respondent answers yes, follow by asking: "Did this happen once, twice, or three or more times?" 1200 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1105 1 Yes, once 69 2 Yes, twice 18 3 Yes, three or more times 8 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q12a. Radio news 1200 0 4 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 295 1 Less than once a month 104 2 A few times a month 114 3 A few times a week 283 4 Every day 404 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q12b. Television news 1200 0 4 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 587 1 Less than once a month 87 2 A few times a month 78 3 A few times a week 139 4 Every day 309 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q12c. Newspaper news 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 827 1 Less than once a month 164 2 A few times a month 103 3 A few times a week 68 4 Every day 36 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q12d. Internet news 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 918 1 Less than once a month 56 2 A few times a month 40 3 A few times a week 65 4 Every day 107 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 13 Q12e. Social media news 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 909 1 Less than once a month 49 2 A few times a month 33 3 A few times a week 69 4 Every day 121 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 18 Q13. Discuss politics 13. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 413 1 Occasionally 561 2 Frequently 223 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 2 Q14. Freedom to say what you think 14. In this country, how free are you to say what you think? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 134 2 Not very free 309 3 Somewhat free 313 4 Completely free 421 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 20 Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 252 2 Agree with 1 185 3 Agree with 2 247 4 Agree very strongly with 2 453 5 Agree with neither 24 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 35 Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 224 2 Agree with 1 109 3 Agree with 2 217 4 Agree very strongly with 2 617 5 Agree with neither 21 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 9 Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 311 2 Agree with 1 192 3 Agree with 2 215 4 Agree very strongly with 2 430 5 Agree with neither 21 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 28 Q18a. Access to information: school budget 18a. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the local school to find out what the school’s budget is and how the funds have been used. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 382 1 Not very likely 242 2 Somewhat likely 217 3 Very likely 292 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 67 Q18b. Access to information: land ownership 18b. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the local council to find out who owns a piece of land in your community. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 298 1 Not very likely 211 2 Somewhat likely 258 3 Very likely 349 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 84 Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget 18c. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the town hall to find out about the locality’s development plan and budgets. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 356 1 Not very likely 234 2 Somewhat likely 242 3 Very likely 235 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 133 Q18d. Access to information: business registration 18d. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the town hall to find out how to register a new business in your community. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 166 1 Not very likely 141 2 Somewhat likely 277 3 Very likely 500 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 116 Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think 19a. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? Your own freedom to say what you think about politics? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much less freedom 296 2 Somewhat less freedom 219 3 Same 167 4 Somewhat more freedom 211 5 Much more freedom 271 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 30 Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations 19b. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? Your own freedom to join any political organization you want? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much less freedom 162 2 Somewhat less freedom 129 3 Same 218 4 Somewhat more freedom 200 5 Much more freedom 454 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 30 Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report 19c. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The media’s freedom to investigate and report on government mistakes or to criticize government actions or performance? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much less freedom 275 2 Somewhat less freedom 235 3 Same 160 4 Somewhat more freedom 230 5 Much more freedom 179 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 118 Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act 19d. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The freedom of independent groups or non-governmental organizations to speak, hold meetings, or advocate their views freely, including criticizing the government if they choose? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much less freedom 260 2 Somewhat less freedom 204 3 Same 168 4 Somewhat more freedom 234 5 Much more freedom 193 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 140 Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function 19e. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The freedom of opposition parties or candidates to speak or hold rallies, state their views, or criticize the government? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much less freedom 341 2 Somewhat less freedom 223 3 Same 132 4 Somewhat more freedom 222 5 Much more freedom 202 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 78 Q20a. Member of religious group 1200 0 3 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 449 1 Inactive Member 95 2 Active Member 511 3 Official Leader 145 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not a Member 868 1 Inactive Member 62 2 Active Member 201 3 Official Leader 67 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q21a. Attend a community meeting 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 112 1 No, but would do if had the chance 417 2 Yes, once or twice 170 3 Yes, several times 230 4 Yes, often 269 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q21b. Join others to raise an issue 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 163 1 No, but would do if had the chance 578 2 Yes, once or twice 130 3 Yes, several times 151 4 Yes, often 177 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q22. Voting in the most recent national election 22. Understanding that some people were unable to vote in the most recent national election in 2016, which of the following statements is true for you? Read out options 1200 0 98 -1 Missing 0 0 You were not registered to vote 90 1 You voted in the elections 862 2 You decided not to vote 59 3 You could not find the polling station 8 4 You were prevented from voting 1 5 You did not have time to vote 43 6 You did not vote because your name not in the register 4 7 Did not vote for some other reason 105 8 You were too young to vote 21 9 Don’t Know / Can’t remember 5 98 Refused 2 Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election 23. On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national election, held in 2016. Was it: Read out options 1200 1 98 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 212 2 Free and fair, with major problems 210 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 259 4 Completely free and fair 451 8 Do not understand question 6 9 Don’t know 57 98 Refused 5 Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 650 1 Yes 548 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1060 1 Yes 136 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 2 Q25a. Contact local government councillor 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 898 1 Only once 87 2 A few times 124 3 Often 80 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 9 Q25b. Contact MP 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1038 1 Only once 58 2 A few times 51 3 Often 38 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 13 Q25c. Contact official of a government agency 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1069 1 Only once 38 2 A few times 47 3 Often 32 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 12 Q25d. Contact political party official 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1038 1 Only once 39 2 A few times 61 3 Often 50 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 10 Q25e. Contact traditional leader 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 736 1 Only once 59 2 A few times 152 3 Often 206 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 44 Q25f. Contact religious leader 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 482 1 Only once 57 2 A few times 237 3 Often 409 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 13 Q26a. Join others to request government action 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 199 1 No, but would do if had the chance 706 2 Yes, once or twice 109 3 Yes, several times 86 4 Yes, often 94 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 6 Q26b. Contact media 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 283 1 No, but would do if had the chance 812 2 Yes, once or twice 41 3 Yes, several times 30 4 Yes, often 22 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 12 Q26c. Contact official for help 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 206 1 No, but would do if had the chance 837 2 Yes, once or twice 77 3 Yes, several times 39 4 Yes, often 34 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 7 Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 762 1 No, but would do if had the chance 300 2 Yes, once or twice 12 3 Yes, several times 12 4 Yes, often 12 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 99 Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, would never do this 774 1 No, but would do if had the chance 369 2 Yes, once or twice 19 3 Yes, several times 10 4 Yes, often 16 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 12 Q27a. Reject one-party rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 698 2 Disapprove 275 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 14 4 Approve 91 5 Strongly Approve 95 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 21 Q27b. Reject military rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 818 2 Disapprove 283 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 4 Approve 48 5 Strongly Approve 27 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 17 Q27c. Reject one-man rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 788 2 Disapprove 310 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 9 4 Approve 32 5 Strongly Approve 22 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 35 Q28. Support for democracy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter 71 2 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 111 3 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable 977 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 37 Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 253 2 Agree with 1 198 3 Agree with 2 244 4 Agree very strongly with 2 471 5 Agree with neither 9 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 22 Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 743 2 Agree with 1 241 3 Agree with 2 83 4 Agree very strongly with 2 104 5 Agree with neither 12 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 12 Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 254 2 Agree with 1 134 3 Agree with 2 231 4 Agree very strongly with 2 545 5 Agree with neither 17 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 14 Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 498 2 Agree with 1 266 3 Agree with 2 159 4 Agree very strongly with 2 238 5 Agree with neither 9 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 27 Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 198 2 Agree with 1 113 3 Agree with 2 315 4 Agree very strongly with 2 533 5 Agree with neither 17 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 20 Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 747 2 Agree with 1 254 3 Agree with 2 61 4 Agree very strongly with 2 103 5 Agree with neither 14 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 18 Q35. Extent of democracy 35. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Zambia today? 1200 1 98 -1 Missing 0 1 Not a democracy 117 2 A democracy, with major problems 340 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 401 4 A full democracy 296 8 Do not understand question / democracy 19 9 Don't know 23 98 Refused 4 Q36. Satisfaction with democracy 36. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Zambia? Are you: 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The country is not a democracy 12 1 Not at all satisfied 201 2 Not very satisfied 368 3 Fairly satisfied 382 4 Very satisfied 201 8 Refused 4 9 Do not know 32 Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 782 2 Agree with 1 300 3 Agree with 2 48 4 Agree very strongly with 2 50 5 Agree with neither 4 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 12 Q38a. Courts make binding decisions 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 85 2 Disagree 112 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 22 4 Agree 569 5 Strongly Agree 389 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know 22 Q38b. People must obey the law 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 95 2 Disagree 132 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 37 4 Agree 505 5 Strongly Agree 422 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know 8 Q38c. People must pay taxes 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 41 2 Disagree 81 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 25 4 Agree 524 5 Strongly Agree 455 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know 73 Q38d. Men have more right to job 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 382 2 Disagree 338 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 42 4 Agree 240 5 Strongly Agree 187 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t Know 9 Q38e. Women have equal right to land 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 68 2 Disagree 102 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 25 4 Agree 516 5 Strongly Agree 479 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t Know 8 Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 240 2 Disagree 255 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 74 4 Agree 322 5 Strongly Agree 295 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t Know 12 Q38g. Government information for official use only 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 285 2 Disagree 428 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 71 4 Agree 221 5 Strongly Agree 123 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t Know 70 Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Read out options. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 108 1 Rarely 277 2 Often 458 3 Always 330 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 21 Q39b. How often president ignores laws Read out options. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 513 1 Rarely 293 2 Often 163 3 Always 111 8 Refused 10 9 Don’t know 110 Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Read out options. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 588 1 Rarely 254 2 Often 125 3 Always 100 8 Refused 10 9 Don’t know 123 Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence 40. During election campaigns in this country, how much do you personally fear becoming a victim of political intimidation or violence? Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 A lot 417 1 Somewhat 136 2 A little bit 212 3 Not at all 422 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 9 Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running 41. In your opinion, during this country’s elections, how often are opposition candidates prevented from running for office? Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 665 1 Sometimes 246 2 Often 106 3 Always 62 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 118 Q42a. How often careful what you say Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 142 1 Rarely 178 2 Often 274 3 Always 580 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 22 Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 233 1 Rarely 153 2 Often 276 3 Always 511 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 24 Q42c. How often careful how vote Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 238 1 Rarely 116 2 Often 229 3 Always 597 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 16 Q42d. How often people treated unequally Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 286 1 Rarely 306 2 Often 321 3 Always 239 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 44 Q42e. How often officials unpunished Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 204 1 Rarely 310 2 Often 390 3 Always 246 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 47 Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 514 1 Rarely 264 2 Often 148 3 Always 244 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 27 Q43a. Trust president Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 211 1 Just a little 249 2 Somewhat 185 3 A lot 519 8 Refused 13 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 23 Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 273 1 Just a little 308 2 Somewhat 197 3 A lot 364 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 49 Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 267 1 Just a little 265 2 Somewhat 208 3 A lot 394 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 61 Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 280 1 Just a little 346 2 Somewhat 210 3 A lot 305 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 53 Q43e. Trust the ruling party Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 300 1 Just a little 236 2 Somewhat 213 3 A lot 417 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 29 Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 405 1 Just a little 319 2 Somewhat 218 3 A lot 199 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 54 Q43g. Trust police Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 308 1 Just a little 301 2 Somewhat 217 3 A lot 348 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 21 Q43h. Trust army Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 139 1 Just a little 170 2 Somewhat 223 3 A lot 598 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 65 Q43i. Trust courts of law Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 170 1 Just a little 244 2 Somewhat 279 3 A lot 463 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 38 Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 102 1 Just a little 184 2 Somewhat 196 3 A lot 564 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 150 Q43k. Trust religious leaders Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 70 1 Just a little 160 2 Somewhat 215 3 A lot 724 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough 25 Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 156 1 Some of them 520 2 Most of them 235 3 All of them 153 8 Refused 9 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 127 Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 115 1 Some of them 536 2 Most of them 302 3 All of them 128 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 113 Q44c. Corruption: government officials 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 88 1 Some of them 568 2 Most of them 331 3 All of them 116 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 90 Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 96 1 Some of them 585 2 Most of them 280 3 All of them 138 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 94 Q44e. Corruption: police 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 74 1 Some of them 390 2 Most of them 427 3 All of them 241 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 63 Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 121 1 Some of them 621 2 Most of them 228 3 All of them 116 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 107 Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 236 1 Some of them 620 2 Most of them 126 3 All of them 61 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 150 Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 384 1 Some of them 609 2 Most of them 91 3 All of them 43 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 68 Q44i. Corruption: business executives 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 103 1 Some of them 579 2 Most of them 296 3 All of them 87 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 127 Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 None 225 1 Some of them 617 2 Most of them 115 3 All of them 45 8 Refused 8 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard 190 Q45. Level of corruption 45. In your opinion, over the past year, has the level of corruption in this country increased, decreased, or stayed the same? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Increased a lot 593 2 Increased somewhat 194 3 Stayed the same 159 4 Decreased somewhat 158 5 Decreased a lot 32 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 59 Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption 46. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statement: Ordinary people can make a difference in the fight against corruption? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 259 2 Disagree 280 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 48 4 Agree 377 5 Strongly Agree 188 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t Know 42 Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear 47. In this country, can ordinary people report incidents of corruption without fear, or do they risk retaliation or other negative consequences if they speak out? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Can report without fear 311 1 Risk retaliation 812 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 72 Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 518 1 Not very likely 396 2 Somewhat likely 139 3 Very likely 103 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 40 Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 504 1 Not very likely 368 2 Somewhat likely 168 3 Very likely 131 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 26 Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 500 1 Not very likely 354 2 Somewhat likely 170 3 Very likely 137 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 35 Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 74 1 Not very likely 85 2 Somewhat likely 208 3 Very likely 796 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 34 Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 61 1 Not very likely 54 2 Somewhat likely 189 3 Very likely 869 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 24 Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 59 1 Not very likely 50 2 Somewhat likely 166 3 Very likely 895 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 27 Q49a. Contact with public school 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 661 1 Yes 539 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services If ‘no’ at A, circle 7 for both parts B and C and continue to D. If yes, continue with parts B and C. Read out options 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 126 2 Easy 243 3 Difficult 108 4 Very Difficult 61 7 No contact 661 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services 1200 0 8 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 480 1 Once or twice 44 2 A few times 8 3 Often 6 7 No contact 661 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 0 Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 277 1 Yes 921 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care If ‘no’ at D, circle 7 for parts E, F and G and continue to H. If yes, continue with parts E, F and G. Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 167 2 Easy 317 3 Difficult 264 4 Very Difficult 173 7 No contact 277 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care 1200 0 8 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 24 1 After a long time 417 2 After a short time 317 3 Right away 164 7 No contact 277 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 0 Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 874 1 Once or twice 35 2 A few times 7 3 Often 5 7 No contact 277 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 1 Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 916 1 Yes 284 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document If ‘no’at H, circle 7 for parts I, J and K and continue L. If yes, continue with parts I, J and K. Read out options 1200 1 7 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 66 2 Easy 112 3 Difficult 50 4 Very Difficult 56 7 No contact 916 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document 1200 0 7 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 16 1 After a long time 90 2 After a short time 122 3 Right away 56 7 No contact 916 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document 1200 0 7 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 250 1 Once or twice 20 2 A few times 8 3 Often 6 7 No contact 916 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49l. Tried to obtain household services 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1029 1 Yes 170 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services If ‘no’ at L, circle 7 for parts M and N and continue to O. If yes, continue with parts M and N. Read out options 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 12 2 Easy 38 3 Difficult 44 4 Very Difficult 76 7 No contact 1029 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q49n. Pay bribe for household services 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 142 1 Once or twice 10 2 A few times 13 3 Often 5 7 No contact 1029 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q49o. Requested police assistance 1200 0 1 -1 Missing 0 0 No 992 1 Yes 208 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance If ‘no’ at O, circle 7 for parts P, Q and R and continue to S. If yes, continue with parts P, Q and R. Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very easy 20 2 Easy 46 3 Difficult 47 4 Very Difficult 94 7 No contact 992 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance 1200 0 7 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 57 1 After a long time 81 2 After a short time 42 3 Right away 28 7 No contact 992 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance 1200 0 7 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 151 1 Once or twice 29 2 A few times 15 3 Often 13 7 No contact 992 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q49s. Contact with police in other situations 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 908 1 Once or twice 112 2 A few times 98 3 Often 77 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 5 Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police If answer to S was 0=never, select 7=No contact and continue to Q50. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 204 1 Once or twice 38 2 A few times 22 3 Often 24 7 No contact 908 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 3 Q50. Respected by public officials 50. In general, when dealing with public officials, how much do you feel that they treat you with respect? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 238 1 A little bit 301 2 Somewhat 326 3 A lot 272 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 58 Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others 51. In general, when dealing with public officials, do you think that they treat you better, the same, or worse than other people? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Much Worse 77 1 Worse 220 2 Same 585 3 Better 175 4 Much Better 57 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 83 Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain 52. When a vendor sells you a kilogramme of maize, rice, sorghum, millet or fonio, how sure are you that you get the correct amount? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 302 1 Sometimes 580 2 Always 251 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 65 Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 183 1 Not very likely 251 2 Somewhat likely 300 3 Very likely 407 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 57 Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption In countries where there are local offices of the anti-corruption authority, these could be referred to directly, but for others it would be the ‘local ward council’ or whatever the local office is more generally. 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 252 1 Not very likely 325 2 Somewhat likely 308 3 Very likely 227 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 81 Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all likely 152 1 Not very likely 225 2 Somewhat likely 352 3 Very likely 425 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard 43 Q54a. MPs listen 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 505 1 Only Sometimes 437 2 Often 131 3 Always 68 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 54 Q54b. Local government councillors listen 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 462 1 Only Sometimes 440 2 Often 157 3 Always 89 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know 47 Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response 1200 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 Nothing/ no problems 4 1 Management of the economy 113 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 32 3 Unemployment 208 4 Poverty/destitution 127 5 Rates and Taxes 17 6 Loans / credit 10 7 Farming/agriculture 20 8 Food shortage/famine 37 9 Drought 1 10 Land 7 11 Transportation 29 12 Communications 7 13 Infrastructure / roads 92 14 Education 89 15 Housing 1 16 Electricity 25 17 Water supply 90 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 8 19 Services (other) 5 20 Health 83 21 AIDS 1 22 Sickness / Disease 7 23 Crime and Security 17 24 Corruption 48 25 Political violence 3 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 7 27 Discrimination/ inequality 4 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 1 29 Democracy/political rights 3 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 1 32 Agricultural marketing 88 9995 Other 7 9998 Refused 2 9999 Don’t know 6 Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response, other 1200 1187 DRESS CODE FOR BOTH MALE AND FEMALE 1 EQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH 1 GOVERNANCE 1 GOVERNMENT SHOUKD HELP OLD PEOPLE (THE AGED) 1 GOVERNMENT TO HELP THE OLD AGED 1 GOVERNMENT TO INCREASE THE MONEY FOR SOCIAL CASH TRANSFER 1 HIGH COST OF AGRICULTRAL INPUTS 1 IMPROVE LIVING CONDITIONS 1 LOANS 1 PAYING GOVERNMENT RETIREES ON TIME 1 REGULATION IN THE TIME BARS SHOULD OPERATE 1 REMOVE STREET VENDORS 1 TO END THE SMUGGLING GOING ON AT KASUMBALESA BORDER 1 Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response 1200 1 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 Management of the economy 48 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 41 3 Unemployment 115 4 Poverty/destitution 81 5 Rates and Taxes 13 6 Loans / credit 17 7 Farming/agriculture 26 8 Food shortage/famine 48 9 Drought 2 10 Land 0 11 Transportation 0 12 Communications 45 13 Infrastructure / roads 9 14 Education 1 15 Housing 130 16 Electricity 135 17 Water supply 93 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 8 19 Services (other) 18 20 Health 129 21 AIDS 0 22 Sickness / Disease 6 23 Crime and Security 14 24 Corruption 35 25 Political violence 4 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 2 27 Discrimination/ inequality 0 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 3 29 Democracy/political rights 9 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 32 Agricultural marketing 104 9995 Other 15 9996 No further reply 49 9998 Refused 0 Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response, other 1200 1179 BUILD MARKETS 1 BUILDING SCHOOLS 1 CHURCH LEADERS HAVE BECOME TOO POLITICAL INSTEAD OF PREACHING AND HELPING PEOPLE 1 COUNCILLORS AND MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT SHOULD FULFILL THE PROMISES THEY MADE DURING ELECTION CAMPAIGN 1 GOVEMENT WOKERS TO BE MAKING UP FOLLOW UPS TO KNOW WHAT PEOPLE WANT 1 HELPING THE OLD AGED 1 KILLING EACH OTHER 1 LABOUR ISSUES 1 LACK OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 1 LISTEN TO THE IDEAS OF THE PEOPLE 1 REDUCING BRIBES FROM GOVERNMENT 1 RETIMENT BENEFITS 1 SAFE NET FOR THE OLD 1 SANITATION 2 THAT INVESTORS WHO COME INTO ZAMBIA SHOULD STRICTLY FOLLOW ALL THE LAWS. THEY SHOULD NOT ALSO EMPLOY THEIR FELLOW CITIZENS BUT THE LOCALS. 1 THEY SHOULD BETTER THE LEAVING CONDITIONS OF THE POOR PEOPLE 1 TO FIND OUT HOW PEOPLE ARE MANAGING 1 TO MAKE SURE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT AND COUNCILLORS DO THEIR JOBS 1 TO PUT UP NETWORK BOOSTERS 1 WE JUST NEED TO WORK HARD 1 Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response 1200 1 9998 -1 Missing 0 1 Management of the economy 41 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 23 3 Unemployment 79 4 Poverty/destitution 74 5 Rates and Taxes 7 6 Loans / credit 19 7 Farming/agriculture 31 8 Food shortage/famine 37 9 Drought 4 10 Land 0 11 Transportation 0 12 Communications 44 13 Infrastructure / roads 10 14 Education 0 15 Housing 134 16 Electricity 122 17 Water supply 92 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 12 19 Services (other) 26 20 Health 139 21 AIDS 3 22 Sickness / Disease 16 23 Crime and Security 18 24 Corruption 39 25 Political violence 7 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 8 27 Discrimination/ inequality 0 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 6 29 Democracy/political rights 7 30 War (international) 0 31 Civil war 0 32 Agricultural marketing 68 9995 Other 26 9996 No further reply 104 9998 Refused 4 Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response, other 1200 1165 ACCIDENTS 1 COUNTRY SANITATION ( CLEAN THE COUNTRY) 1 COURTS OF LAWS MUST BE RESPECTED 1 EARLY MARRIAGES 1 GARBAGE/RUBBISH 1 GIVE OUT LOANS 1 GOVERNMENT TO GIVE FUNDS TO ALL GROUPS NOT JUST FARMERS,ALL GROUPS SHOULD BE CATTERED FOR 1 HELPING THE OLD AGED PEOPLE 1 HIGH PRICES OF THINGS 2 INTRODUCE YOUTH EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMS 1 LACK OF ENOUGH LAND TO FARM 1 MARKET/SHOPPING AREA 1 NO FREEDOM OF SPEECH 1 POVERTY LEVEL VERY HIGH AS BREAD WINNER DECEASED 1 PRICE STABILITY 1 PRICES 1 PROBLEMS WILL NOT END 1 PROSTITUTION 2 REDUCING TRIBOLISM 1 REVISION OF LABOUR LAWS IN ZAMBIA 1 RURAL DEVELOPMENT 1 SAFE NET FOR THE OLD 1 SANITATION 1 SCHOOL BUSARIES 1 SMUGGLING OF FOOD STUFFS TO THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO 1 THE BAD CONDUCT OF THE POLICE, TEACHERS AND NURSES 1 THE GOVERMENT SHOULD BRING MORE GAMES FOR YOUTHS 1 THE GOVERNMENT DOESNT CARE FOR PIPO IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR LIKE US 1 THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD LISTEN TO THE CITIZENS OF ZAMBIS 1 THE YOUNG ONES DONT HVE RESPECT TO ELDERS NOWDAYS,THEY INSULT TOO MUCH WHEN THEY ARE DRUNK, THE GOVRNMENT SHOULD DO SOMETHING 1 THERE IS A LACK OF CARE/ASSISTANCE FOR THE OLD AGED AND DISABLED CITIZENS. 1 THEY SHOULD LOOK AT WIDOWS 1 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT 1 Q56a. Handling managing the economy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 486 2 Fairly Badly 268 3 Fairly Well 337 4 Very Well 75 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 29 Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 537 2 Fairly Badly 301 3 Fairly Well 275 4 Very Well 64 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 19 Q56c. Handling creating jobs 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 662 2 Fairly Badly 266 3 Fairly Well 197 4 Very Well 45 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 26 Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 687 2 Fairly Badly 289 3 Fairly Well 174 4 Very Well 29 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 18 Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 665 2 Fairly Badly 292 3 Fairly Well 171 4 Very Well 30 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 38 Q56f. Handling reducing crime 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 338 2 Fairly Badly 203 3 Fairly Well 465 4 Very Well 148 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 42 Q56g. Handling improving basic health services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 287 2 Fairly Badly 214 3 Fairly Well 488 4 Very Well 195 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 13 Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 272 2 Fairly Badly 196 3 Fairly Well 477 4 Very Well 232 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 20 Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 455 2 Fairly Badly 265 3 Fairly Well 349 4 Very Well 111 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 17 Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 550 2 Fairly Badly 363 3 Fairly Well 230 4 Very Well 41 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 13 Q56k. Handling fighting corruption 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 573 2 Fairly Badly 272 3 Fairly Well 220 4 Very Well 61 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 69 Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 411 2 Fairly Badly 185 3 Fairly Well 349 4 Very Well 240 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 12 Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 429 2 Fairly Badly 214 3 Fairly Well 363 4 Very Well 145 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 46 Q56n. Handling preventing election violence 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 326 2 Fairly Badly 275 3 Fairly Well 451 4 Very Well 97 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 46 Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 230 2 Fairly Badly 232 3 Fairly Well 520 4 Very Well 150 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 62 Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 187 2 Fairly Badly 162 3 Fairly Well 543 4 Very Well 269 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 34 Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 455 2 Fairly Badly 222 3 Fairly Well 390 4 Very Well 93 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 37 Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very Badly 338 2 Fairly Badly 155 3 Fairly Well 392 4 Very Well 150 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 161 Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 124 2 Worse 220 3 Same 312 4 Better 416 5 Much Better 118 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 9 Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 86 2 Worse 167 3 Same 374 4 Better 432 5 Much Better 122 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 18 Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 100 2 Worse 207 3 Same 239 4 Better 456 5 Much Better 183 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 12 Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 145 2 Worse 218 3 Same 325 4 Better 365 5 Much Better 115 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 30 Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 137 2 Worse 267 3 Same 386 4 Better 289 5 Much Better 69 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 48 Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 200 2 Worse 307 3 Same 323 4 Better 246 5 Much Better 78 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 40 Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much worse 66 2 Worse 96 3 Same 277 4 Better 551 5 Much Better 179 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 30 Q58a. Performance: President 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 194 2 Disapprove 241 3 Approve 461 4 Strongly Approve 263 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough 32 Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 249 2 Disapprove 412 3 Approve 334 4 Strongly Approve 110 8 Refused 8 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough 87 Q58c. Performance: local government councillor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 237 2 Disapprove 396 3 Approve 350 4 Strongly Approve 117 7 Not applicable 0 8 Refused 8 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough 92 Q58d. Performance: traditional leader 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 79 2 Disapprove 139 3 Approve 461 4 Strongly Approve 206 7 Not applicable 124 8 Refused 10 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough 181 Q58e. Performance: your Mayor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disapprove 135 2 Disapprove 317 3 Approve 354 4 Strongly Approve 89 7 Not applicable 0 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough 296 Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The President / Executive 359 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 189 2 Their Political Party 53 3 The Voters 551 4 No One 8 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 37 Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The President / Executive 230 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 245 2 Their Political Party 83 3 The Voters 594 4 No One 11 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 34 Q59c. Who responsible: president does job 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 The President / Executive 125 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 204 2 Their Political Party 80 3 The Voters 744 4 No One 8 8 Refused 3 9 Don’t know 36 Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, Never 692 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 406 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 94 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 5 Q60b. Feared violence at political event 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, Never 634 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 483 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 72 8 Refused 4 9 Don't know 7 Q60c. Feared violence during public protest 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, Never 818 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 311 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 44 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 22 Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 64 2 Rarely 61 3 Sometimes 94 4 Often 169 5 Always 765 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 45 Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 53 2 Rarely 49 3 Sometimes 109 4 Often 184 5 Always 599 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 203 Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 66 2 Rarely 69 3 Sometimes 125 4 Often 201 5 Always 623 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough 114 Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 150 2 Agree with 1 177 3 Agree with 2 272 4 Agree very strongly with 2 569 5 Agree with neither 14 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 16 Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 207 2 Agree with 1 151 3 Agree with 2 269 4 Agree very strongly with 2 531 5 Agree with neither 22 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 20 Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 357 2 Agree with 1 232 3 Agree with 2 230 4 Agree very strongly with 2 348 5 Agree with neither 18 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 14 Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree very strongly with 1 343 2 Agree with 1 199 3 Agree with 2 203 4 Agree very strongly with 2 377 5 Agree with neither 57 8 Refused 2 9 Don't know 19 Q66. Difficulty to move across borders 66. In your opinion, how easy or difficult is it for people in Southern Africa to cross international borders in order to work or trade in other countries, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Very difficult 264 2 Difficult 278 3 Easy 270 4 Very easy 117 7 Never try 130 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 140 Q67. Lived outside country 67. During the past three years, have you or anyone in your household gone to live in another country outside Zambia for more than three months? Code from response 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 1064 1 Yes 134 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 2 Q68a. Considered emigration to other country 68a. How much, if at all, have you considered moving to another country to live? If "0", go to Q71 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Not at all 892 1 A little bit 111 2 Somewhat 65 3 A lot 130 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 2 Q68b. Planned emigration to other country If answer to Q68A was “A little bit,” “Somewhat,” “A lot” or “Don’t know”, ask: 68b. How much planning or preparation have you done in order to move to another country to live? Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 You are not currently making any specific plans or preparations 220 1 You are planning to move in the next year or two but not yet making preparations 68 2 You are currently making preparations to move, like getting a visa 16 7 Not applicable 892 8 Refused 1 9 Don't know 3 Q69. Most likely country for emigration If answer to Q68A was “a little bit”, “somewhat”, “a lot”, or “don’t know” ask: 69. If you were to move to another country, where would you be most likely to go? Read out options 1200 1 99 -1 Missing 0 1 South Africa 91 2 Another country in Southern Africa 48 3 Elsewhere in Africa 47 4 Europe 37 5 North America 42 6 Central/South America 5 7 Middle East 0 8 Asia 5 9 Australia 16 10 Outside of Africa 9 97 Not applicable 892 98 Refused 1 99 Don't know 7 Q70. Most important reason for emigrating If answer to Q68A was “A little bit,”, “Somewhat,” “A lot,” or “Don’t know,” ask: 70. There are several reasons why people leave their home to live in another country for an extended period of time. What about you? What is the most important reason why you would consider moving from Zambia? 1200 1 9999 -1 Missing 0 1 Find work 121 2 Economic hardship 42 3 Lower taxes at destination 2 4 Poverty 10 5 Poor infrastructure/ services 1 6 Better business prospects 50 7 Natural Disasters 1 8 Better democratic environment 3 9 Political persecution 0 10 Religious persecution 0 11 Civil war 0 12 Crime 1 13 Better schools 1 14 Better medical services 2 15 To pursue an education 23 16 To accompany family members who are moving for work 5 17 To join spouse/ family members who have already migrated 5 18 Travel/tourism/adventure/experience other cultures 31 9995 Other 6 9997 Not applicable 892 9998 Refused 1 9999 Don’t know 3 Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) 70. There are several reasons why people leave their home to live in another country for an extended period of time. What about you? What is the most important reason why you would consider moving from Zambia? Other 1200 1187 BECAUSE ITS A PEACFUL PLACE 1 FOR BETTER LEAVING CONDITIONS 1 FOR EVANGELICAL REASONS 1 I JUST LOVE BOSTWANA AND THE OEOPLE THERE 1 I JUST LOVE THE COUNTRY 1 JUST TO EXPLORE 1 NO PEACE IN ZAMBIA 1 SEE HOW OTHER PEOPLE LIVE AND EXPERIENCE A DIFFERENT CULTURE 1 SEE HOW OTHERS LIVE 1 TO JUST HAVE A DIFFERENT EXPERIENCE AND CULTURE 1 TO LEARN/TO BE TRAINED AS A CHURCH MINISTER 1 TO VISIT 1 TO VISIT A SISTER 1 Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago 71. In your experience, would you say climate conditions for agricultural production in your area have gotten better, gotten worse, or stayed about the same over the last 10 years or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No experience 186 1 Much worse 141 2 Worse 256 3 About the same 161 4 Better 233 5 Much better 91 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough to say 130 Q72a. Severity of droughts 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much more severe 164 2 Somewhat more severe 155 3 Stayed the same 198 4 Somewhat less severe 220 5 Much less severe 370 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 91 Q72b. Severity of flooding 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much more severe 177 2 Somewhat more severe 177 3 Stayed the same 201 4 Somewhat less severe 216 5 Much less severe 343 8 Refused 4 9 Don’t know 82 Q73a. Heard about climate change 73a. Have you heard about climate change or haven’t you had the chance to hear about this yet? If "0", skip to Q77 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No 475 1 Yes 656 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know/Haven't heard enough 68 Q73b. Climage change: meaning If yes, to Q73A, ask: 73b. What does the phrase “climate change” mean to you? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Negative changes in the weather 358 2 Positive changes in the weather 118 3 Other changes in weather patterns 161 7 Not applicable 475 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know/ Haven’t heard enough 87 Q74. Climate change: main cause If yes, to Q73A, ask: 74. People have different ideas about what causes climate change. What about you, which of the following do you think is the main cause of climate change, or haven't you heard enough to say? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Human Activity 314 2 Natural processes 177 3 Both human activity and natural processes 128 4 None of these 7 7 Not applicable 475 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough 98 Q75. Climate change: affecting country If yes, to Q73A, ask: 75. Do you think climate change is making life in Zambia better or worse, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Much better 71 2 Somewhat better 87 3 Neither/ no change / about the same 59 4 Somewhat worse 213 5 Much worse 203 7 Not applicable 475 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough to say 92 Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? If yes, to Q73A, ask: 76. Do you think that climate change needs to be stopped? [If yes] How much do you think that ordinary Zambia can do to stop climate change? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, climate change doesn’t need to be stopped 180 1 Yes, Ordinary Ugandans can do nothing at all 119 2 Yes, Ordinary Ugandans can do a little bit 171 3 Yes, Ordinary Ugandans can do a lot 161 7 Not applicable 475 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 93 Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 55 2 Disagree 88 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 8 4 Agree 559 5 Strongly Agree 478 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t Know 12 Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 68 2 Disagree 166 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 22 4 Agree 518 5 Strongly Agree 413 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t Know 13 Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 67 2 Disagree 181 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 32 4 Agree 490 5 Strongly Agree 414 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know 15 Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly Disagree 81 2 Disagree 186 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 32 4 Agree 464 5 Strongly Agree 421 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t Know 15 Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never justified 423 2 Sometimes justified 574 3 Always justified 201 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never justified 969 2 Sometimes justified 166 3 Always justified 55 8 Refused 3 9 Don't know 7 Q79a_ZAM. ECZ is neutral vs favours particular people/parties 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree Very Strongly with Statement 1 415 2 Agree with Statement 1 283 3 Agree with Statement 2 151 4 Agree Very Strongly with Statement 2 237 5 Agree with Neither 8 8 Refused 7 9 Don't know 99 Q79b_ZAM. Judiciary is neutral vs favours particular people/parties) 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Agree Very Strongly with Statement 1 377 2 Agree with Statement 1 304 3 Agree with Statement 2 155 4 Agree Very Strongly with Statement 2 255 5 Agree with Neither 15 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 89 Q80a_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: availability of information 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 224 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 183 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 255 4 Completely free and fair 454 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 77 Q80b_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: treatment of candidates/parties by officials 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 228 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 200 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 278 4 Completely free and fair 403 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 84 Q80c_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: coverage by state media 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 287 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 186 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 232 4 Completely free and fair 369 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 119 Q80d_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: coverage by independant media 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 156 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 147 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 281 4 Completely free and fair 481 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 128 Q80e_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: candidate ability to hold rallies 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 225 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 189 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 271 4 Completely free and fair 445 8 Refused 7 9 Don’t know 63 Q80F_ZAM. Free and fairness of electoral campaign: counting/reporting results 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not free and fair 255 2 Free and fair, but with major problems 209 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 223 4 Completely free and fair 417 8 Refused 10 9 Don’t know 86 Q81a_ZAM. How often offered something in exchange for vote 81A_ZAM. During the election campaigns for the 2016 elections, how often (if ever) did a candidate or someone from a political party offer you something in return for your vote? 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Never 985 2 Once or twice 115 3 A few times 59 4 Often 25 8 Refused 6 9 Don’t know 10 Q81b_ZAM. What offered in exhange for vote If answer to question Q81A was once or twice or more often (codes 2-4), ask: 81B_ZAM. What did they offer? If answer to question Q80A was "never" (code 1) or "don't know" (code 9), select 97=Not applicable. Do not read options. 1200 1 98 -1 Missing 0 1 Money 41 2 Food 12 3 Alcohol 9 4 Clothing 112 5 Household Items 7 6 Livestock 1 7 Jobs 24 95 Other 8 97 Not Applicable 985 98 Refused 1 99 Don’t Know 0 Q81b_ZAMOther. What offered in exhange for vote (verbatim) If answer to question Q81A was once or twice or more often (codes 2-4), ask: If answer to question Q80A was "never" (code 1) or "don't know" (code 9), select 97=Not applicable. Do not read options. 1200 1187 CHITENGE CLOTH/PARTY REGALIA 1 DEVELOPMENT IN OUR COMMUNITY 1 ELECTRICITY 1 EMPLOYMENT 3 FREE EDUCATION 1 HE DID NOT RECIEVE ANYTHING 1 HE LIKES PLAYING SOCCER SO THY GAVE HIM A BALL. 1 JOBS 1 NEVER GIVEN 1 REDUCING PRICES 1 TO BRING WATER TO THEIR HOUSEHOLDS 1 Q82a_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: Local Councilor Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 236 2 Not very free 170 3 Somewhat free 245 4 Completely free 522 8 Refused 8 9 Don’t know 19 Q82b_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: Member of Parliament Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 266 2 Not very free 194 3 Somewhat free 239 4 Completely free 464 8 Refused 8 9 Don’t know 29 Q82c_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: Traditional Leader Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 301 2 Not very free 189 3 Somewhat free 216 4 Completely free 374 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 111 Q82d_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: Civil Servants Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 213 2 Not very free 153 3 Somewhat free 244 4 Completely free 536 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 45 Q82e_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: The Police Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 402 2 Not very free 228 3 Somewhat free 200 4 Completely free 345 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 16 Q82f_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: The Army Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 481 2 Not very free 227 3 Somewhat free 170 4 Completely free 279 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 34 Q82g_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: Oppositions Leaders Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 257 2 Not very free 155 3 Somewhat free 231 4 Completely free 517 8 Refused 9 9 Don’t know 31 Q82h_ZAM. Freedom to criticise: President Lungu Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Not at all free 588 2 Not very free 156 3 Somewhat free 142 4 Completely free 277 8 Refused 13 9 Don’t know 24 Q83a_ZAM. Reserve seats for women in National Assembly 83A-ZAM. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Women should have seats reserved for them in the National Assembly by law. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly agree 308 2 Agree 438 3 Neither agree nor disagree 45 4 Disagree 199 5 Strongly disagree 153 8 Refused 5 9 Don’t know / Don’t understand 52 Q83b_ZAM. Minimum qualification for elective office candidates 83B-ZAM. There have been several suggestions about the constitutional provision that stipulates that candidates for elective office in this country should have a minimum qualification of a grade 12 certificate. Some people say that the provision should be maintained, others suggest that it should be dropped while others say that the minimum qualifications should in fact be raised. What about you, do you think the grade 12 education requirement for elective office should be maintained, dropped or that the qualification be raised? Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 It should be maintained 704 2 It should be dropped from the constitution 179 3 The minimum qualification should be raised to a higher level 274 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 43 Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe 84. Let us get back to talking about you. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Zambian only (9990)”– then circle 7 = Not Applicable for Q85A and Q85B and continue to question Q86. 1200 820 9995 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 330 821 Nyanja 11 822 Tonga 144 823 Lozi 90 824 Chewa 93 825 Nsenga 58 826 Tumbuka 39 827 Kaonde 29 828 Luvale 33 829 Namwanga 30 830 Lunda 33 831 Bisa 10 832 Nkoya 3 833 Mambwe 34 834 Lenje 30 835 Ngoni 49 836 Soli 6 837 Ila 7 838 Ushi 22 839 Chokwe 5 840 Mbunda 8 841 Kunda 20 842 Lala 20 843 Lamba 24 844 Lungu 11 845 Nyika 6 846 Senga 7 847 Tokaleya 6 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 1 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 2 852 Goba 1 9990 Zambian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 2 9995 Other 36 9998 Refused to answer 0 9999 Don’t know 0 Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) 84. Let us get back to talking about you. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? Other If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Zambian only (9990)”– then circle 7 = Not Applicable for Q85A and Q85B and continue to question Q86. 1200 1160 BEMBA BESA 2 BEMBA FULA 1 BEMBA LUNDA 2 BEMBA MUMBA 1 BEMBA NGUBO 2 BEMBA SHILA 1 BEMBA TABWA 1 BIZA 1 CHAWA 1 CHIKUNDA 1 CHOKWE 2 KALUNDA 2 KAONDE ILA 1 LALA 1 LAMBIA 1 LUCHAZI 5 LUVALE 1 MAKWAMASHI 1 MUSWAKA 1 NDEBELE 3 NGONI 1 SHILA 3 SHONA 3 SWAKA 2 Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly 85a. How often, if ever, are ___________s [R’s Ethnic Group] treated unfairly by the government? If respondent did not identify any group on Q84—that is, if they “Refused” (9998), said “Don’t know” (9999), or “Zambian only” (9990)—then the interviewer marked “Not applicable” for questions Q85A-Q85B and continued to question 86. Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 841 1 Sometimes 163 2 Often 82 3 Always 92 7 Not applicable 2 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 19 Q85b. Ethnic or national identity 85b. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Beninese and being a ________ [R’s Ethnic Group]. Which of the following statements best expresses your feelings? If respondent did not identify any group on Q84 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (9998), DIDN’T KNOW (9999), or said “Zambian only” (9990) – then circle 7 = Not Applicable for questions 85A and 85B and continue to question 87. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 I feel only (ethnic group) 66 2 I feel more (ethnic group) than (national identity) 95 3 I feel equally (national identity) and (ethnic group) 569 4 I feel more (national identity) than (ethnic group) 130 5 I feel only (national identity) 337 7 Not applicable 2 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1037 1 Once or twice 105 2 Several times 40 3 Many times 17 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 1090 1 Once or twice 55 2 Several times 42 3 Many times 11 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 2 Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 993 1 Once or twice 86 2 Several times 78 3 Many times 42 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability 1200 0 7 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 146 1 Once or twice 12 2 Several times 7 3 Many times 1 7 Not applicable (no disability) 1034 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 62 2 Somewhat dislike 58 3 Would not care 313 4 Somewhat like 222 5 Strongly like 542 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 2 Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 40 2 Somewhat dislike 33 3 Would not care 302 4 Somewhat like 273 5 Strongly like 549 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 2 Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 1082 2 Somewhat dislike 55 3 Would not care 25 4 Somewhat like 15 5 Strongly like 15 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 8 Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Strongly dislike 240 2 Somewhat dislike 125 3 Would not care 290 4 Somewhat like 237 5 Strongly like 296 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 12 Q88a. Close to political party 88a. Do you feel close to any particular political party? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not close to any party 501 1 Yes, feels close to a party 640 8 Refused 46 9 Don't know 13 Q88b. Which party If "yes" to Q88A, ask: 88b. Which party is that? If answer to Q88A was "no", "don't know" or "refused to answer", circle 9997 = Not applicable. 1200 821 9999 -1 Missing 0 820 0 821 9 822 Heritage Party (HP) 0 823 Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) 4 824 National Movement for Progress (NMP) 0 825 National Restoration Party (NAREP) 4 826 Patriotic Front (PF) 371 827 United National Independence Party (UNIP) 5 828 United Party for National Development (UPND) 219 829 0 830 Peoples Party (PP) 0 831 Green Party 0 832 United Peoples Party (UPP) 0 9995 Other 4 9997 Not Applicable 560 9998 Refused 20 9999 Don't know 4 Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) If "yes" to Q88A, ask: 88b. Which party is that? Other If answer to Q88A was "no", "don't know" or "refused to answer", circle 9997 = Not applicable. 1200 1194 AM SCARED TO ANSWER 1 ITS MY SECRET 1 MMD 1 MY SECRET 1 NO PARTY 1 VOTING IS A SECRET 1 Q89a. Own radio 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 384 1 Yes, someone else owns 182 2 Yes, do own 630 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 3 Q89b. Own television Si "Oui" à Q89A 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 644 1 Yes, someone else owns 162 2 Yes, do own 388 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 5 Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 970 1 Yes, someone else owns 97 2 Yes, do own 125 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 6 Q89d. Own computer 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 1024 1 Yes, someone else owns 49 2 Yes, do own 118 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 7 Q89e. Own bank account 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 785 1 Yes, someone else owns 110 2 Yes, do own 296 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 7 Q89f. Own mobile phone 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, don’t own 290 1 Yes, someone else owns 85 2 Yes, do own 822 8 Refused 0 9 Don’t know 3 Q90. Mobile phone access to internet If yes to personally owning a mobile phone, ask: 90. Does your phone have access to the internet? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No, does not have internet access 485 1 Yes, has internet 326 7 Not applicable 378 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 11 Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 225 1 Less than once a month 32 2 A few times a month 31 3 A few times a week 138 4 Everyday 766 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 2 Q91b. How often use the internet Read out options 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 Never 856 1 Less than once a month 43 2 A few times a month 47 3 A few times a week 112 4 Everyday 130 8 Refused 6 9 Don't know 6 Q92a. Source of water for household use 1200 1 3 -1 Missing 0 1 Inside the house 140 2 Inside the compound 335 3 Outside the compound 725 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine 1200 1 3 -1 Missing 0 0 No latrine 0 1 Inside the house 150 2 Inside the compound 896 3 Outside the compound 154 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 0 Q93. Electric connection from mains If it is 100% clear that there is no electricity supply to the home, e.g., in an unserved rural area, do not ask the question of the respondent. Just select 0=No electricity supply and continue to the next question. 93. Do you have an electric connection to your home from the mains? [If yes] How often is the electricity actually available from this connection? 1200 0 9 -1 Missing 0 0 No mains electric supply or connection to the home 774 1 Never 12 2 Occasionally 22 3 About half of the time 21 4 Most of the time 192 5 All of the time 178 8 Refused 0 9 Don't know 1 Q94. Employment status 94. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? [If yes, ask] Is it full-time or part-time? [If no, ask:] Are you presently looking for a job? 1200 0 8 -1 Missing 0 0 No, not looking 549 1 No, looking 328 2 Yes, part time 125 3 Yes, full time 197 8 Refused 1 9 Don’t know 0 Q95a. Occupation of respondent 95a. What is your main occupation? [If unemployed, retired, or disabled, ask:] What was your last main occupation? 1200 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 Never had a job 206 1 Student 87 2 Housewife / homemaker 105 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 308 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 109 5 Retail / Shop 43 6 Unskilled manual worker 133 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 49 8 Clerical or secretarial 5 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 11 10 Security services 12 11 Mid-level professional 52 12 Upper-level professional 17 95 Other 61 98 Refused 1 99 Don’t know 1 Q95b. Employer of respondent 95b. Do you work for yourself, for someone else in the private sector or the non-governmental sector, or for government? Read out options. 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 Works for self 533 2 Private sector 168 3 Non Governmental Organizations / Civil society sector 11 4 Government 71 7 Not applicable 398 8 Refused 5 9 Don't know 14 Q95c. Who decides how money is used 95c. What is the main way that decisions are made about how to use any money that you have or earn, for example from a job, a business, selling things or other activities? Read out options 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 0 1 You make the decisions yourself 342 2 Your spouse makes the decisions 81 3 You make the decisions jointly with your spouse 526 4 You make the decisions jointly with other family members 164 5 Other family members make the decisions without you 52 6 None of the above / Some other response 1 7 Not applicable, no earnings 30 8 Refused 2 9 Don’t know 2 Q96a. Head of household 96a. Who is the head of this household, that is, the person who has primary responsibility for making decisions on behalf of the household? 1200 1 12 -1 Missing 0 1 You (respondent) 569 2 Respondent's spouse 340 3 Respondent's father 129 4 Respondent's mother 65 5 Respondent's son 2 6 Respondent's daughter 11 7 Respondent's grandfather 4 8 Respondent's grandmother 18 9 Another male relative 35 10 Another female relative 17 11 Someone else 4 12 More than one person 6 98 Refused 0 99 Don’t know 0 Q96b. Occupation of head of household If respondent is not the head of household, i.e., if the response to 96A was NOT 1=You [respondent] or 99=Don’t know, ask: 96b. What is the main occupation of the head of the household? [If unemployed, retired or disabled, ask:] What was his/her last main occupation? 1200 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 Never had a job 66 1 Student 5 2 Housewife / homemaker 20 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 187 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 63 5 Retail / Shop 25 6 Unskilled manual worker 82 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 49 8 Clerical or secretarial 3 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 7 10 Security services 10 11 Mid-level professional 44 12 Upper-level professional 21 95 Other 44 97 Not applicable (respondent is head of household) 569 98 Refused 0 99 Don’t know 5 Q97. Education of respondent 97. What is your highest level of education? 1200 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No formal schooling 91 1 Informal schooling only 3 2 Some primary schooling 258 3 Primary school completed 205 4 Some secondary school / high school 291 5 Secondary school / high school completed 195 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 105 7 Some university 11 8 University completed 27 9 Post-graduate 12 98 Refused 0 99 Don’t know 2 Q98. Religion of respondent 98. What is your religion, if any? 1200 0 9999 -1 Missing 0 0 None 10 1 Christian only 266 2 Roman Catholic 222 3 Orthodox 3 4 Coptic 1 5 Anglican 24 6 Lutheran 2 7 Methodist 11 8 Presbyterian 14 9 Baptist 27 10 Quaker / Friends 1 11 Mennonite 0 12 Evangelical 12 13 Pentecostal 161 14 Independent 8 15 Jehovah’s Witness 59 16 Seventh Day Adventist 154 17 Mormon 0 18 Muslim only 9 19 Sunni only 1 20 Ismaeli 0 21 Mouridiya Brotherhood 0 22 Tijaniya Brotherhood 0 23 Qadiriya Brotherhood 0 24 Shia 0 25 Traditional / ethnic religion 4 26 Hindu 0 27 Bahai 0 28 Agnostic 0 29 Atheist 0 30 Dutch Reformed 23 31 Calvinist 0 32 Church of Christ 3 33 Zionist Christian Church 8 34 Jewish 0 821 CMML 14 822 New Apostolic Church 66 823 UCZ 14 824 United Church of Zambia 20 9995 Other 62 9998 Refused 0 9999 Don't know 1 Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) 98. What is your religion, if any? Other 1200 Q99. Vote for which party 99. If presidential elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? 1200 821 9999 -1 Missing 0 820 0 821 23 822 Heritage Party (HP) 0 823 Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) 6 824 National Movement for Progress (NMP) 0 825 National Restoration Party (NAREP) 3 826 Patriotic Front (PF) 540 827 United National Independence Party (UNIP) 9 828 United Party for National Development (UPND) 292 829 0 830 Peoples Party (PP) 1 831 Green Party 2 832 United Peoples Party (UPP) 1 9995 Other 15 9997 Would not vote 99 9998 Refused to answer 139 9999 Don't know 70 Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) 99. If presidential elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? Other 1200 1182 ANY PARTY THAT PERFORMS 1 HE IS WATCH TOWER SO THEY DONT PARTICIPANT IN ELECTIONS. (VOTING) 1 JUST CHANGING THE PARTY 1 MY SECRET 3 MY VOTE IS A SECRET, WHY SHOULD I TELL YOU??,WHY DO YOU WANT TO KNOW?? 1 NEUTRAL 2 NO ONE 1 RAINBOW PARTY 1 SECRET 2 SECRET BALLOT 2 SHE DOESNT VOTE BECAUSE SHE IS A JEHOVA'S WITNESS 1 THEY DONT TAKE PART IN POLITICS 1 WOULD ONLY DETERMIN ONCE I SEE REAL ACTION FROM ANY POLITICAL PARTY 1 Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 100. Just one more question: Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 1200 0 99 -1 Missing 0 0 No one 2 1 Afrobarometer 276 2 Research Company 83 3 Non-government or religious organization 98 4 University / School / College 0 5 Private company 14 6 Media 2 7 Political party or politician 43 8 Government 493 9 International organization or another country 13 10 God 4 95 Other 24 98 Refused 2 99 Don’t know 146 Time interview ended 1200 Length of interview Length of interview 1200 -1 416.897066666667 -1 Missing 10 Q101. Gender of respondent 101. Respondent’s gender 1200 1 2 1 Male 601 2 Female 599 Q102. Race of respondent 102. Respondent’s race 1200 1 1 1 Black / African 1200 2 White / European 0 3 Coloured / Mixed race 0 4 Arab / Lebanese / North African 0 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 0 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 0 9995 Other 0 9999 Don't know 0 Q103. Language of interview 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? 1200 1 9995 1 English 332 820 Chewa/Nyanja 227 821 Bemba 422 822 Tonga 77 823 Kaonde 52 824 Lozi 51 9995 Other 39 Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? Other 1200 1161 BEMBA AND ENGLISH 5 BEMBA AND LAMBA 1 BEMBA AND NYANJA 2 BEMBA, NYANJA AND ENGLISH 2 BEMBA/ENGLISH 3 BOTH NYANJA AND ENGLISH 1 CHEWA AND ENGLISH 1 ENGLISH /BEMBA 2 ENGLISH AND BEMBA 8 ENGLISH AND NYANJA 3 ENGLISH AND NYANJI 1 ENGLISH AND SOME NYANJA 1 ENGLISH BEMBA 1 ENGLISH BEMBA AND NYANJA 1 ENGLISH TONGA BEMBA AND NYANJA 1 ENGLISH, BEMBA AND MAMBWE 1 ENGLISH,BAMBA AND NYANJA 1 ENGLISH/BEMBA 1 ILA AND NYANJA 1 NYANJA AND BEMBA 1 TONGA BEMBA AND NYANJA 1 Q104. Type of shelter of respondent 104. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 1200 1 8 1 Non-traditional / formal house 727 2 Traditional house / hut 427 3 Temporary structure / shack 10 4 Flat in a block of flats 21 5 Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard 12 7 Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound 0 8 Other 3 Q105. Roof of respondent’s home 105. What was the roof of the respondent’s home or shelter made of? 1200 1 10 1 Metal, aluminum, tin or zinc 662 2 Tiles 6 3 Shingles 0 4 Thatch or grass 420 5 Plastic sheets 1 6 Asbestos 99 7 Multiple materials 7 8 Concrete 3 9 Some other material 0 10 Could not tell / could not see 2 Q106. Others present 106. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 1200 1 5 1 No one 699 2 Spouse only 109 3 Children only 160 4 A few others 214 5 Small crowd 18 Q107a. Check with others 107a. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 1200 0 1 0 No 1102 1 Yes 98 Q107b. Influence by others 107b. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 1200 0 1 0 No 1119 1 Yes 81 Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives 107c. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 1200 0 1 0 No 1177 1 Yes 23 Q107d. Feel threatened 107d. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 1200 0 1 0 No 1189 1 Yes 11 Q107e. Physically threatened 107e. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 1200 0 1 0 No 1197 1 Yes 3 Q108. Proportion difficulty answering 108. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 1200 0 4 0 None 1005 1 Few 113 2 Some 58 3 Most 18 4 All 6 Q110a. Respondent friendly 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: friendly, in between, or hostile? 1200 1 3 1 Friendly 1041 2 In between 150 3 Hostile 9 Q110b. Respondent interested 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: interested, in between, or bored? 1200 1 3 1 Interested 969 2 In between 219 3 Bored 12 Q110c. Respondent cooperative 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: cooperative, in between, or uncooperative? 1200 1 3 1 Cooperative 1022 2 In between 171 3 Uncooperative 7 Q110d. Respondent patient 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: patient, in between, or impatient? 1200 1 3 1 Patient 1004 2 In between 171 3 Impatient 25 Q110e. Respondent at ease 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: at ease, in between, or suspicious? 1200 1 3 1 At ease 982 2 In between 178 3 Suspicious 40 Q110f. Respondent honest 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: honest, in between, or misleading? 1200 1 3 1 Honest 1001 2 In between 181 3 Misleading 18 Interviewer Number 112. Interviewer’s number 1200 ZAM06 5 ZAM08 32 ZAM11 50 ZAM12 50 ZAM13 40 ZAM14 50 ZAM15 40 ZAM16 40 ZAM17 6 ZAM18 40 ZAM19 32 ZAM20 32 ZAM21 32 ZAM22 32 ZAM23 36 ZAM24 36 ZAM25 36 ZAM26 36 ZAM27 44 ZAM28 44 ZAM29 44 ZAM30 44 ZAM31 34 ZAM32 36 ZAM33 33 ZAM34 36 ZAM35 40 ZAM36 40 ZAM37 40 ZAM38 40 ZAM39 22 ZAM40 22 ZAM41 22 ZAM42 34 Q113. Interviewer’s age 113. Interviewer’s age 1200 21 46 21 32 23 76 24 80 25 72 26 40 27 157 28 116 29 32 30 152 31 82 34 32 35 54 36 50 37 40 38 22 40 36 41 44 42 49 46 34 Q114. Interviewer’s gender 114. Interviewer’s gender 1200 1 2 1 Male 621 2 Female 579 Q115. Interviewer rural or urban 115. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 1200 1 2 1 Rural 308 2 Urban 892 Q116. Interviewer's home language 116. Interviewer’s home language 1200 1 842 -1 Missing 0 1 English 146 820 Bemba 502 821 Nyanja 204 822 Tonga 32 823 Lozi 96 825 Nsenga 88 830 Lunda 22 834 Lenje 36 837 Ila 40 842 Lala 34 Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe 117. Interviewer’s ethnic group/tribe: 1200 820 9995 -1 Missing 0 820 Bemba 314 821 Nyanja 40 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 186 824 Chewa 5 825 Nsenga 182 826 Tumbuka 122 827 Kaonde 22 828 Luvale 74 829 Namwanga 33 830 Lunda 22 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 6 834 Lenje 40 835 Ngoni 44 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 40 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 34 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 36 Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) 117. Interviewer’s ethnic group/tribe, other 1200 1164 NDEBELE/LOZI 36 Q118. Interviewer's education 118. Interviewer’s highest level of education 1200 6 9 3 Primary school completed 0 4 Some secondary school / high school 0 5 Secondary school / high school completed 0 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 610 7 Some university 63 8 University completed 505 9 Post graduate 22 Q119. Other spoken languages_first 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 1 820 -1 Missing 0 1 English 1052 820 Bemba 148 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 0 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 0 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_second 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 820 822 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 908 821 Nyanja 216 822 Tonga 76 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 0 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 0 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_third 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 821 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 867 822 Tonga 104 823 Lozi 64 824 Chewa 49 825 Nsenga 44 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 0 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 72 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 822 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 217 823 Lozi 162 824 Chewa 122 825 Nsenga 50 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 44 828 Luvale 34 829 Namwanga 32 830 Lunda 27 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 38 835 Ngoni 40 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 19 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 415 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 823 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 108 824 Chewa 58 825 Nsenga 88 826 Tumbuka 34 827 Kaonde 32 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 19 830 Lunda 63 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 18 835 Ngoni 19 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 13 838 Ushi 7 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 19 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 722 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 824 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 40 825 Nsenga 36 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 22 828 Luvale 32 829 Namwanga 8 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 26 835 Ngoni 9 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 29 838 Ushi 14 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 984 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_seventh 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 825 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 40 826 Tumbuka 36 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 22 829 Namwanga 8 830 Lunda 14 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 6 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 25 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 21 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 1028 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_eighth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 826 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 40 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 6 830 Lunda 16 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 8 835 Ngoni 6 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 0 838 Ushi 6 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 16 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 1102 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_ninth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 834 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 10 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 14 838 Ushi 6 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 0 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 1170 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_tenth 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 837 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 8 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 8 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 1184 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119. Other spoken languages_eleventh 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 840 9996 -1 Missing 0 1 English 0 820 Bemba 0 821 Nyanja 0 822 Tonga 0 823 Lozi 0 824 Chewa 0 825 Nsenga 0 826 Tumbuka 0 827 Kaonde 0 828 Luvale 0 829 Namwanga 0 830 Lunda 0 831 Bisa 0 832 Nkoya 0 833 Mambwe 0 834 Lenje 0 835 Ngoni 0 836 Soli 0 837 Ila 0 838 Ushi 0 839 Chokwe 0 840 Mbunda 8 841 Kunda 0 842 Lala 0 843 Lamba 0 844 Lungu 0 845 Nyika 0 846 Senga 0 847 Tokaleya 0 848 Bwile 0 849 Ngumbo 0 850 Chishinga 0 851 Tabwa 0 852 Goba 0 9995 Other 0 9996 No Further Response 1192 9998 Refused to Answer 0 9999 Don't Know 0 Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) 119. Which Zambian languages do you speak? Tick all that apply 1200 1164 KI SWAHILI 36 within country weighting factor Respondent number 1200 0.106772840777244 4.43551356920141