DDI_SOM_2020_MS-COVID19-R2_v01_M_WB Development Data Group 2021-11-08 Metadata Editor Version 01 (November 2021) SOM_2020_MS-COVID19-R2_v01_M Micro-Enterprise Survey Follow-up on COVID-19 2020 Round 2 MS-COVID19-R2 2020 World Bank Group World Bank Group Metadata Editor Enterprise Analysis Unit Enterprise Survey [en/oth] Version 01. Edited, anonymous dataset for public distribution As part of the efforts of the World Bank Group to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the private sector, the Enterprise Analysis unit is conducting follow-up surveys on recently completed Enterprise Surveys (ES) in several countries. These short surveys follow the baseline ES and are designed to provide quick information on the impact and adjustments that COVID-19 has brought about in the private sector. Somalia The COVID-19 follow-up survey for Somalia covered establishment in Bosasu, Mogadishu, Baidoa, Beledeyne and Kismayo. The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll. The universe for the Somalia Micro-Enterprise Survey includes formally registered businesses with less than five employees. In terms of sector and size, the survey covers all non-agricultural sectors and businesses of all size categories if they meet the registration and size criteria. Sample survey data [ssd] Altai Consulting Completed interviews in Round 1 COVID-19 Survey. Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati] The dataset contains three weight variables. The baseline weights are denoted wmedian_ES and are used to compute the indicators that project to the baseline Universe (e.g. exit rates). To account for non-response in the follow-up, these sampling weights are adjusted by cell of stratification (combination of size, sectorm and location). The resulting variable wmedian_COVID - recommended to be used for analysis and used to compute all other indicators - assumes that businesses that could not re-contacted (unobtainable) have exited the market. The variable wweak_COVID assumes that unobtainable businesses continue to exist. Establishments that have closed permanently are interviewed using a short questionnaire which is also available in the dataset. 67.8% Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised. Enterprise Analysis Unit The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Somalia-Micro-Round-2-COVID-follow-up-2020-full-data.dta 100 91 .dta Micro-enteprise follow-up survey on COVID-19, Round 2 - Somalia 2020. Unique ID Unique ID 100 709742 709841 Follow-up Survey ID Follow-up Survey ID 90 10 11 2289 Country Code Country Code 90 10 706 706 706 Somalia 90 Sysmiss 10 Country Name Country Name 100 10 Somalia 90 Language of The Interview Language of the Interview 90 10 1 1 1 Somali 90 Sysmiss 10 Mode of Interview MODE OF INTERVIEW 90 10 1 1 1 Phone (CATI) 90 2 Online 0 Sysmiss 10 Questionnaire Questionnaire 90 10 1 3 1 Manufacturing 21 2 Retail 50 3 Other services 19 Sysmiss 10 Day 90 10 7 28 7 4 9 4 10 1 12 4 15 3 16 11 17 10 18 3 19 5 20 11 21 3 22 6 23 5 24 4 25 1 26 3 27 6 28 6 Sysmiss 10 Month 90 10 1 12 1 January 59 2 February 0 3 March 0 4 April 0 5 May 0 6 June 0 7 July 0 8 August 0 9 September 0 10 October 0 11 November 0 12 December 31 Sysmiss 10 Year 90 10 2020 2021 2020 31 2021 59 Sysmiss 10 Last Completed Month 90 10 11 12 1 January 0 2 February 0 3 March 0 4 April 0 5 May 0 6 June 0 7 July 0 8 August 0 9 September 0 10 October 0 11 November 31 12 December 59 Sysmiss 10 Year Establishment Began Operations ASK ONLY IF COVR1==2 (Establishment was not part of the previous round of survey) In what year did this establishment begin operations? 100 * -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 Sysmiss 100 Legal Status of The Firm What is this firm’s current legal status? 100 * -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 2 Shareholding company with non-traded shares or shares traded privately 0 3 Sole proprietorship 0 4 Partnership 0 5 Limited partnership 0 6 Other 0 Sysmiss 100 % of The Firm Owned By Females What percentage of the firm is owned by females? 100 * -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 Sysmiss 100 Have A Permit From The Ministry of Commerce Does this business have a registration or operating permit from the Ministry of Commerce? 100 * -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Have A Permit From The Municipality Does this business have a registration or operating permit from the Municipality? 100 * -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Currently is this establishment open, temporarily closed, or permanently closed? Currently is this establishment open, temporarily closed (suspended services or production), or permanently closed? 90 10 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Permanently closed 1 2 Temporarily closed 3 3 Open 86 Sysmiss 10 Since wave 1, did this establishment close temporarily? Since [insert round 1 month], did this establishment close temporarily (suspended services or production) due to the COVID-19 outbreak? 86 14 1 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 29 2 No 57 Sysmiss 14 Since wave 1, for how many weeks has this establishment been closed? For how many weeks has this establishment been closed (or was closed) due to the COVID-19 outbreak since [insert round 1 month? 32 68 -9 6 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 6 1 5 2 15 3 3 4 1 5 1 6 1 Sysmiss 68 Change in sales for the last month compared with the same month in 2019 Comparing this establishment’s sales for [insert last completed month] with the same month in 2019, did sales increase, remain the same, or decrease? 89 11 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Increase 31 2 Remain the same 18 3 Decrease 39 Sysmiss 11 Increased by how much, percent ASK ONLY IF COVb2a = 1 By what percentage did the sales increase? 31 69 5 60 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 5 1 6 1 10 8 14 1 15 2 18 1 20 5 25 3 35 1 40 1 45 2 50 4 60 1 Sysmiss 69 Decreased by how much, percent ASK ONLY IF COVb2a = 3 By what percentage did the sales Decrease? 39 61 -9 80 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 3 20 4 25 9 30 10 35 6 40 2 45 1 60 1 75 1 80 2 Sysmiss 61 Since COVID-19 outbreak, introduced new or improved product or services INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 3 1 Yes 60 2 No 26 Sysmiss 11 Since COVID-19 outbreak, discontinued production of goods or offering of service INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 3 1 Yes 24 2 No 62 Sysmiss 11 The establishment's total hours worked per week INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Increase 44 2 Remain the same 6 3 Decrease 38 Sysmiss 11 The demand for this establishment's products and services INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Increase 45 2 Remain the same 8 3 Decrease 35 Sysmiss 11 Supply of inputs, raw materials, or goods and materials purchased to resell INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 3 1 Increase 40 2 Remain the same 15 3 Decrease 31 Sysmiss 11 Main Reason for the Disruption in Intermediate Materials ASK ONLY IF COVc2c = 3 What was the main reason for the disruption in intermediate materials? 31 69 1 4 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Not available 9 2 Cost increased 17 3 Lower quality 4 4 Other 1 Sysmiss 69 Since wave 1, started or increased using phone for marketing or accepting orders INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 2 1 Yes 45 2 No 42 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, started or increased delivery or carry-out of goods or services? INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 62 2 No 26 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, changed or in the process of changing its products and services? INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 2 1 Yes 50 2 No 37 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, started or increased use of Internet, online social media, special INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 43 2 No 45 Sysmiss 11 Permanent, full-time workers end of December 2019 INTERVIEWER: INCLUDE RESPONDENT IF APPLICABLE. 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 Sysmiss 100 Female permanent full-time workers end of December 2019 ASK ONLY IF COVR1= 2 At the end of February 2020, in this establishment how many permanent, full-time workers were female? 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 Sysmiss 100 Permanent, full-time employees end of last month At the end of the last completed month, that is in [insert last completed month], how many permanent, full-time employees did this establishment employ? Please include all employees and managers INTERVIEWER: INCLUDE RESPONDENT IF APPLICABLE. 89 11 -9 25 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 4 0 2 1 2 2 14 3 19 4 17 5 5 6 7 7 6 8 4 10 1 11 1 12 5 22 1 25 1 Sysmiss 11 Full time workers that were female At the end of the last completed month, that is the end of [insert last completed month], in this establishment how many permanent, full-time workers were female? 89 11 -9 22 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 4 0 45 1 17 2 9 3 6 4 4 5 1 6 1 8 1 22 1 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, temporary workers increased, remained same, or decreased? Since [insert round 1 month],, has the total number of this establishment’s temporary workers increased, remained the same, or decreased? 89 11 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Increased 32 2 Remained the same 20 3 Decreased 37 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, number of workers that quit or took leave Since [insert round 1 month],, how many workers have taken leave for more than 5 days or quit due to illness, childcare interruption, or mobility restrictions linked to the COVID-19 outbreak? 37 63 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 0 9 1 13 2 11 3 3 Sysmiss 63 Since wave 1, how many workers have been laid off? Since [insert round 1 month],, how many workers have been laid off due to the COVID-19 outbreak? 37 63 -9 4 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 3 0 10 1 12 2 9 3 1 4 2 Sysmiss 63 Since wave 1, how many workers have their salary, wages, or benefits reduced? Since [insert round 1 month], how many workers have their salary, wages, or benefits reduced due to the COVID-19 outbreak? 89 11 0 20 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 0 45 1 17 2 10 3 10 4 3 5 1 11 1 12 1 20 1 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, how many workers have their hours reduced? Since [insert round 1 month], how many workers had their hours reduced due to the COVID-19 outbreak? 89 11 0 18 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 0 52 1 17 2 9 3 2 5 1 8 1 9 4 10 1 12 1 18 1 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, liquidity or cash flow Since [insert round 1 month], has/have this establishment’s liquidity or cash flow increased, remained the same, or decreased? 89 11 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Increased 42 2 Remained the same 11 3 Decreased 36 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, its suppliers INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 1 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 65 2 No 24 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, its landlord INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 1 2 -99 Don't know 0 -77 Does not apply 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 -7 Does not apply (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 42 2 No 47 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, the tax authorities INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 18 2 No 70 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, overdue on obligations to any financial institution Since [insert round 1 month],, has this establishment been overdue on its obligations to any financial institution? 89 11 -7 2 -99 Don't know 0 -77 Does not apply 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 -7 Does not apply (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 34 2 No 54 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, received any national or local government support? Since [insert round 1 month], has this establishment received any national or local government support in response to the crisis? 89 11 -9 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 0 2 No, but expect to receive them in the next 3 months 0 3 No 88 Sysmiss 11 Since wave 1, cash transfers for business 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, deferrel of payments 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, access to new credit 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, tax reductions or tax deferrals 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, wage subsidies 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, support for adoption of digital technologies 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, other 100 * 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 Sysmiss 100 Since wave 1, other (specify) 100 100 Most needed policies to support this business over COVID-19 crisis What would be the MOST needed policies to support this business over the COVID-19 crisis? 89 11 -9 10 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Deferral of payments (loan, rent, mortgage, or utilities) 34 2 Deferral of tax payments 12 3 Access to new credit 21 4 Loans with subsidized interest rates 7 5 Wage subsidies 3 6 Cash transfers for business 7 7 Support for adoption of digital technologies, including online marketing. 0 8 Support to improve my marketing skills, including packaging and display 2 9 Support to improve management skills to reduce costs 1 10 Support for adoption of COVID-19 health protocols 1 11 Other 0 Sysmiss 11 Other (Specify) 100 100 Expected to fall in arrears of its outstanding liabilities in the next 6 months Is it expected that this establishment will fall in arrears in any of its outstanding liabilities in the next 6 months? 89 11 -9 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 Yes 42 2 No 46 Sysmiss 11 Weeks this establishment be able to remain open if its sales stopped as of today Keeping the cost structure as it is now, how many weeks would this establishment be able to remain open if its sales stopped as of today? 89 11 -9 53 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 10 1 12 2 12 3 5 4 6 5 4 6 2 7 1 8 3 10 1 12 1 14 1 15 8 18 2 19 1 22 2 25 2 26 1 28 2 33 1 39 1 40 1 44 1 45 3 50 1 51 1 52 1 53 3 Sysmiss 11 Looking ahead to the next six months, do you expect establishment’s sales to increase, remain the same, or decrease compared to same period last year? 89 11 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Increase 60 2 Remain the same 11 3 Decrease 18 Sysmiss 11 Looking ahead to the next six months, by what percentage are this establishment’s sales expected to change compared to the same period last year? 78 22 -9 95 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 9 0 1 2 2 3 1 5 1 6 1 10 6 15 4 18 2 20 5 25 2 30 5 35 2 40 2 50 7 60 4 65 5 70 4 80 4 85 4 90 5 95 2 Sysmiss 22 Looking ahead to the next six months, do you expect establishment’s workforce to increase, remain the same, or decrease compared to same period last year? 89 11 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Increase 55 2 Remain the same 14 3 Decrease 20 Sysmiss 11 Looking ahead to the next six months, by what percentage are this establishment’s workforce expected to change compared to the same period last year? 75 25 -9 85 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 8 0 3 2 2 3 1 4 2 5 1 10 7 11 1 12 1 15 5 16 1 20 6 25 3 30 4 35 2 38 1 40 8 45 6 50 3 55 3 60 2 65 1 75 1 80 1 85 2 Sysmiss 25 Position of the respondent Position of the respondent 100 10 Accountant 1 Operational or plant manager 2 Other Administrative 24 Other Management 16 Owner 45 President, Executive Director, or CEO 2 Gender of the respondent Gender of the respondent 90 10 1 2 -8 Refusal (spontaneous) 0 1 Male 70 2 Female 20 Sysmiss 10 Number of minutes the interview lasted Number of minutes the interview lasted 90 10 12.2 90 Respondent cooperation ASK ONLY IF MODE = 1 (PHONE - CATI) Respondent cooperation 90 10 1 3 1 Excellent 48 2 Fair 31 3 Average 11 4 Bad 0 Sysmiss 10 Interviewer number Interviewer number 100 Participated in Round 1 of the COVID-19 impact survey Participated in Round 1 of the COVID-19 impact survey 90 10 1 1 1 Yes 90 2 No 0 Sysmiss 10 City City 90 10 5 5 5 90 Sysmiss 10 Other (Specify) 100 99 Due to COVID-19, income reduced countrywide 1 Since wave 1, main source used to deal with cash flow shortages ASK ONLY IF COVE1A = 3 Since [insert round 1 month],, what has been the main source this establishment has used to deal with cash flow shortages? 36 64 -9 6 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 9 1 Loans from commercial banks 14 2 Loans from non-banking financial institutions 2 3 Equity finance 3 4 Delaying payments to suppliers or workers 6 5 Government grants 0 6 None of the above 2 Sysmiss 64 Applied for any lines of credit or loans or overdraft facility? Since February 2020, has this establishment applied for any lines of credit or loans or overdraft facility? 89 11 1 2 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Yes 18 2 No 71 Sysmiss 11 Main reason the establishment did not apply for any line of credit or loan What was the main reason why this establishment did not apply for any line of credit or loan? 71 29 1 6 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 No need for a loan - establishment had sufficient capital 7 2 Application procedures were complex 5 3 Interest rates were not favorable 5 4 Collateral requirements were too high 14 5 Size of loan and maturity were insufficient 11 6 Did not think it would be approved 29 7 Other 0 Sysmiss 29 What was the outcome of that most recent application application? Referring only to this most recent application for a line of credit or loan, what was the outcome of that application? INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 18 82 -6 4 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 -6 Application still in process 3 1 Application was approved in full 4 2 Application was approved in part 3 3 Application was rejected 6 4 Application was withdrawn 2 Sysmiss 82 Type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to the most recent line of credit or loan, what type of financial institution granted this loan? INTERVIEWER: READ OUT 18 82 1 3 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Private commercial banks 15 2 State-owned banks 0 3 Micro finance institution 3 4 Federal or state government agency 0 5 National or international aid agencies 0 Sysmiss 82 Entities was the support (s) obtained From which of the following entities was the support (s) obtained? 100 * -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 1 Federal Government 0 2 State or local Government 0 3 From both federal and state Government 0 Sysmiss 100 Reason did not receive any federal or state level government support Reason did not receive any federal or state level government support 89 11 -9 5 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 1 1 I was not aware 14 2 Too cumbersome or costly to apply 10 3 I am not eligible 8 4 I don’t expect to get it because I don’t have the right connections 55 5 I have applied but not received it 1 6 I do not need it 0 7 Other 0 Sysmiss 11 Other (Specify) 100 100 Second most needed government measures to support this business over COVID-19 cr What would be the SCOND MOST needed policies to support this business over the COVID-19 crisis? 89 11 -9 10 -99 Don't know 0 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 6 1 Deferral of payments (loan, rent, mortgage, or utilities) 9 2 Deferral of tax payments 27 3 Access to new credit 10 4 Loans with subsidized interest rates 3 5 Wage subsidies 8 6 Cash transfers for business 6 7 Support for adoption of digital technologies, including online marketing. 9 8 Support to improve my marketing skills, including packaging and display 6 9 Support to improve management skills to reduce costs 4 10 Support for adoption of COVID-19 health protocols 1 11 Other 0 Sysmiss 11 Other (Specify) 100 100 Year Establishment Closed 1 99 2020 2020 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 2020 1 Sysmiss 99 Month Establishement Closed 1 99 3 3 -9 Don't know (spontaneous) 0 3 1 Sysmiss 99 100 * Sysmiss 100 100 * Sysmiss 100 100 * Sysmiss 100 100 * Sysmiss 100 100 * Sysmiss 100 Strata 100 1 4 1 20 2 38 3 32 4 10 Weights adjusted for ES follow-up, according to median eligibility Weights adjusted for ES follow-up, according to median eligibility 89 11 7.84210538864136 212.764923095703 7.84210538864136 19 14.1452198028564 28 52.7904739379883 9 212.764923095703 33 Sysmiss 11 Weights adjusted for ES follow-up, according to weak eligibility Weights adjusted for ES follow-up, according to weak eligibility 89 11 7.84210538864136 215.077590942383 7.84210538864136 19 14.4642858505249 28 53.5555572509766 9 215.077590942383 33 Sysmiss 11