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Psychometric Credit Scoring as an Alternative to Collateral for Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia - Baseline and Endline Surveys 2021
Randomized Controlled Trial Impact Evaluation

Ethiopia, 2018 - 2021
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Reference ID
ETH_2018-2021_WEDP-IE_v01_M
Producer(s)
Salman Alibhai, Rachel Cassidy, Markus Goldstein, Sreelakshmi Papineni
Metadata
DDI/XML JSON
Created on
May 30, 2023
Last modified
May 30, 2023
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7624
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Data file: ethiopia_psychometrics_endline

Psychometric Credit Scoring as an Alternative to Collateral for Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia - Endline Survey Data 2021

Cases: 324
Variables: 598

Variables

wedp_3_14_8_2
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: No pattern
wedp_3_15_2
15: What were the business’ ${business_name} total SALES in the last 30 days? B
wedp_3_16_2
16: Comparing your ${business_name} business sales for the last 30 days (in 202
wedp_3_17_2
17: What were the ${business_name} business’ total COSTS in the LAST 30 DAYS? B
wedp_3_18_2
18: What were the approximate amounts spent just on Salaries of Workers in the l
wedp_3_19_2
19: Outside of any regular fixed salary, how much did you take from ${business_
wedp_3_20_2
20: What are the PROFITS received from your ${business_name} business in the pa
wedp_3_21_2
21: ASSETS: How much would you estimate is the value of your ${business_name} b
wedp_3_22_2
22: Do you own any equipment or machinery in your ${business_name} business?
wedp_3_23_2
23: CAPITAL STOCK What is the replacement value of all your owned equipment and
wedp_3_24_2
24: CAPITAL STOCK Do you currently rent out equipment and machinery?
wedp_3_26_2
26: Does your ${business_name} business have any inventory stocks? (That is, fi
wedp_3_28_2
28: Does your ${business_name} business use any RAW MATERIALS? (i.e. product co
wedp_3_30_2
30. What were sales pre-COVID?
wedp_3_31_2
31: When this ${business_name} business first started, where did most of the st
wedp_3_31_1_2
Startup capital came from:own savings
wedp_3_31_2_2
Startup capital came from:spouse's savings
wedp_3_31_3_2
Startup capital came from:ROSACA type savings
wedp_3_31_4_2
Startup capital came from:Family inheritance
wedp_3_31_5_2
Startup capital came from:Remittance
wedp_3_31_6_2
Startup capital came from:Gift from relatives
wedp_3_31_7_2
Startup capital came from:NGO assistance
wedp_3_31_8_2
Startup capital came from:Govt assistance
wedp_3_31_9_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from parents
wedp_3_31_10_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from siblings
wedp_3_31_11_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from friends
wedp_3_31_12_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from other businesses
wedp_3_31_13_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from informal money lender
wedp_3_31_14_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from MFI
wedp_3_31_15_2
Startup capital came from:Loan from banks
wedp_3_31_16_2
Startup capital came from:Other
wedp_3_31_17_2
Startup capital came from:Don't know
wedp_3_32_2
32: How much was the starting capital for the ${business_name} business (includ
wedp_3_33_2
33: How many employees does this ${business_name} business have? (Full-time + p
wedp_3_34_2
34: How many employees has this ${business_name} business HIRED in the past 12
wedp_3_35_2
35: How many employees have LEFT this ${business_name} business in the past 12
wedp_3_36_2
36: What was the most important reason for worker departure in the past 12 month
wedp_3_37_2
37: How many hours do you personally work for your ${business_name} business in
wedp_3_38_2
38: Has the amount of hours that you work in the ${business_name} business per
wedp_3_2_3
2: In which industry does your other business operate?
wedp_3_3_3
3: What type of business do you have? If your business operations are a mixture
wedp_3_4_3
4: What is your sub-sector of operation?
wedp_3_5y_3
Years
wedp_3_5m_3
Months
wedp_3_6_3
6: What was the primary reason that you started or joined this business ${busin
wedp_3_6_1_3
Started business because of:Household needed money
wedp_3_6_2_3
Started business because of:Wanted to make more money
wedp_3_6_3_3
Started business because of:Did not have a better wage alternative
wedp_3_6_4_3
Started business because of:Lost previous job
wedp_3_6_5_3
Started business because of:Wanted to continue family business
wedp_3_6_6_3
Started business because of:Previous experience as a worker inthis sector
wedp_3_6_7_3
Started business because of:Previous experience as an apprentice inthis sector
wedp_3_6_8_3
Started business because of:I took a related training course
wedp_3_6_9_3
Started business because of:Received subsidy to start business
wedp_3_6_10_3
Started business because of:Local captital requirements
wedp_3_6_11_3
Started business because of: Allows work life balance
wedp_3_6_12_3
Started business because of:Saw a market opportunity
wedp_3_6_13_3
Started business because of:Wanted to be my own boss
wedp_3_6_14_3
Started business because of:Previous business not successful
wedp_3_6_15_3
Started business because of:Wanted to benefit from my hobby
wedp_3_6_16_3
Started business because of:Post retirement source of income
wedp_3_6_17_3
Started business because of:Other
wedp_3_6oth_3
6: Specify, What was the primary reason that you started or joined this business
wedp_3_7_3
7: Is there a relationship or strategy between this ${business_name} business a
wedp_3_8_3
8: Please select your relationship to this ${business_name} business:
wedp_3_9_3
9: Is this ${business_name} business owned by you, someone else, or you togethe
wedp_3_11_3
11: Who is the main owner of this ${business_name} business?
wedp_3_12_3
12: What is the gender of the main business ${business_name} owner?
wedp_3_13_3
13: What is the total profits your business ${business_name} earned in the year
wedp_3_14_3
14: Do sales show a seasonal pattern?
wedp_3_14_1_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Highest during rainy season
wedp_3_14_2_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Highest after rainy season
wedp_3_14_3_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Lowest during rainy season
wedp_3_14_4_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Highest before rainy season
wedp_3_14_5_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Lowest after rainy season
wedp_3_14_6_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Highest during holiday season
wedp_3_14_7_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: Other pattern
wedp_3_14_8_3
Do sales show a seasonal pattern: No pattern
wedp_3_15_3
15: What were the business’ ${business_name} total SALES in the last 30 days? B
wedp_3_16_3
16: Comparing your ${business_name} business sales for the last 30 days (in 202
wedp_3_17_3
17: What were the ${business_name} business’ total COSTS in the LAST 30 DAYS? B
wedp_3_18_3
18: What were the approximate amounts spent just on Salaries of Workers in the l
wedp_3_19_3
19: Outside of any regular fixed salary, how much did you take from ${business_
wedp_3_20_3
20: What are the PROFITS received from your ${business_name} business in the pa
wedp_3_21_3
21: ASSETS: How much would you estimate is the value of your ${business_name} b
wedp_3_22_3
22: Do you own any equipment or machinery in your ${business_name} business?
wedp_3_23_3
23: CAPITAL STOCK What is the replacement value of all your owned equipment and
wedp_3_24_3
24: CAPITAL STOCK Do you currently rent out equipment and machinery?
wedp_3_26_3
26: Does your ${business_name} business have any inventory stocks? (That is, fi
wedp_3_27_3
27: INVENTORY STOCK ONLY ASK IF RESPONDENT OFFERS PRODUCTS: What is the value of
wedp_3_28_3
28: Does your ${business_name} business use any RAW MATERIALS? (i.e. product co
wedp_3_29_3
29: RAW MATERIALS ONLY ASK IF RESPONDENT OFFERS PRODUCTS:What is the value of yo
wedp_3_30_3
30. What were sales pre-COVID?
wedp_3_31_3
31: When this ${business_name} business first started, where did most of the st
wedp_3_31_1_3
Startup capital came from:own savings
wedp_3_31_2_3
Startup capital came from:spouse's savings
wedp_3_31_3_3
Startup capital came from:ROSACA type savings
wedp_3_31_4_3
Startup capital came from:Family inheritance
wedp_3_31_5_3
Startup capital came from:Remittance
wedp_3_31_6_3
Startup capital came from:Gift from relatives
wedp_3_31_7_3
Startup capital came from:NGO assistance
wedp_3_31_8_3
Startup capital came from:Govt assistance
wedp_3_31_9_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from parents
wedp_3_31_10_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from siblings
wedp_3_31_11_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from friends
wedp_3_31_12_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from other businesses
wedp_3_31_13_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from informal money lender
wedp_3_31_14_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from MFI
wedp_3_31_15_3
Startup capital came from:Loan from banks
wedp_3_31_16_3
Startup capital came from:Other
wedp_3_31_17_3
Startup capital came from:Don't know
wedp_3_32_3
32: How much was the starting capital for the ${business_name} business (includ
wedp_3_33_3
33: How many employees does this ${business_name} business have? (Full-time + p
wedp_3_34_3
34: How many employees has this ${business_name} business HIRED in the past 12
wedp_3_35_3
35: How many employees have LEFT this ${business_name} business in the past 12
wedp_3_37_3
37: How many hours do you personally work for your ${business_name} business in
wedp_3_38_3
38: Has the amount of hours that you work in the ${business_name} business per
wedp_4_3
3: Does your household have any of the following? Please check all that apply
wedp_4_3_1
Do you have: Electricity
wedp_4_3_2
Do you have: Mobile phone
wedp_4_3_3
Do you have: Smartphone
wedp_4_3_4
Do you have: Refridgerator
wedp_4_3_5
Do you have: Mattress
wedp_4_3_6
Do you have: Flush toilet
wedp_4_3_7
Do you have: Car
wedp_4_3_8
Do you have: House
wedp_4_3car
3.c: Please estimate the value of the car if you sold it in the near future?
wedp_4_3house
3.h: Please estimate the value of the house if you sold it in the near future?
wedp_4_4
4: Which of the following items have you personally used as collateral for any l
wedp_4_4_1
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: house
wedp_4_4_2
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: vehicle
wedp_4_4_3
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: business inventory
wedp_4_4_4
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: agriculture
wedp_4_4_5
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: livestock
wedp_4_4_6
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: warehouse reciepts
wedp_4_4_7
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: business machinery
wedp_4_4_8
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: valuable household items
wedp_4_4_9
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: jewelry
wedp_4_4_10
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: guarantor
wedp_4_4_11
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: other
wedp_4_4_12
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: No collateral used
wedp_4_4__77
Used as collateral for loan past 3 years: Not applicable
wedp_4_4oth
4: Specify, Which of the following items have you personally used as collateral
wedp_4_29a
29: house
wedp_4_29b
29: land
wedp_4_29c
29: vehicle
wedp_4_29d
29: business assets
wedp_4_29e
29: guarantor's salary
wedp_4_29a_a
29: house
wedp_4_29b_a
29: land
wedp_4_29c_a
29: vehicle
wedp_4_29d_a
29: business assets
wedp_4_29e_a
29: guarantor's salary
wedp_4_4a
4a: Which of these services have you received in the past three years?
wedp_4_6
6: Have you ever had a loan from a bank or other formal financial institution (e
wedp_4_5a
5: A. Bank or other formal financial insitution: (except MFI)
wedp_4_5b
5: B. Microfinance Institution:
wedp_4_5c
5: C. Family, relatives, friends:
wedp_4_5d
5: D. Informal savings group:
wedp_4_5_1
5.1: What is the total amount borrowed across all business loans taken in the pa
wedp_4_5_2
5.2: Have you borrowed from an MFI, bank or credit union in the last three years
wedp_4_5_3
5.3: What is the total amount borrowed across all loans from MFIs, banks, or cre
wedp_4_24
24: What is/was the primary use or intended use of the largest formal loan? [DO
wedp_4_24oth
24: Specify, What is/was the primary use or intended use of the largest formal l
wedp_4_24a
24a: Have you borrowed from an MFI in the last three years
wedp_4_24b
24b: Which of the following MFIs have you borrowed a loan from in the past 3 yea
wedp_4_24b_1
Borrowed from an MFI:Specialized Financial and Promotional Institution S.C.
wedp_4_24b_2
Borrowed from an MFI:Amhara Credit and Saving Institution
wedp_4_24b_3
Borrowed from an MFI:Addis Credit and Saving Institution S.C
wedp_4_24b_4
Borrowed from an MFI:Dedebit Credit and Saving Institution S.C.
wedp_4_24b_5
Borrowed from an MFI:Meklit Microfinance Institution S.C
wedp_4_24b_6
Borrowed from an MFI:Oromia Credit and Saving S.C.
wedp_4_24b_7
Borrowed from an MFI:Metemamen Microfinance Institution S.C.
wedp_4_24b_8
Borrowed from an MFI:Wasasa Microfinance Institution S.C
wedp_4_24b_9
Borrowed from an MFI:Vision fund Microfinance Institution S.C.
wedp_4_24b_10
Borrowed from an MFI:Aggar Micro Finance S.C
wedp_4_24b_11
Borrowed from an MFI:Harbu Microfinance Institution S.C
wedp_4_24b_12
Borrowed from an MFI:Omo Microfinance Institution S.C
wedp_4_24b_13
Borrowed from an MFI:Other
wedp_4_24b_oth
24b: Specify, Which of the following MFIs have you borrowed a loan from in the p
wedp_4_5_0
5: Have you ever had a loan from the MFI Wasasa?
wedp_4_5_1a
5.1: How much was your original Wasasa loan?
wedp_4_5_1b
5.1a: Have you taken any subsequent Wasasa loans?
wedp_4_5_1b_1
5.1a: How much was your any subsequent Wasasa loans?
wedp_4_5_1c
5.1b: At this time, do you have any loans from Wasasa?
wedp_4_5_1d
5.1c: What is the amount currently owed on all of your loans from Wasasa at this
wedp_4_8
8: Do you have a Wasasa bank account
wedp_4_8ay
Years
wedp_4_8am
Months
wedp_4_11
11: Outside of Wasasa, how many MFI, bank or credit union loans did you apply fo
wedp_4_12
12: Outside Wasasa, how many MFI, bank or credit union loans did you receive
wedp_4_13
13: What was the total value of these loans?
wedp_4_14
14: Do you currently have any outstanding business loans from MFIs, banks or cre
wedp_4_15
15: What is the amount currently owed on all of your loans taken from MFIs, bank
wedp_4_9
9: Do you currently have accounts with other MFIs, banks or credit unions?
wedp_4_10y
Years
wedp_4_10m
Months
wedp_4_11a
11: Have you borrowed for your business in the past three years from your spouse
wedp_4_11a_1
11a.1: How much do you borrowed for your business in the past three years from y
wedp_4_12a
12: Have you borrowed for your business from friends/family?
wedp_4_12a_1
12: How much have you borrowed for your business from friends/family?
wedp_4_13a
13: Have you borrowed for your business from another business?
wedp_4_13a_1
13: How much have you borrowed for your business from another business?
wedp_4_14b
14: Have you borrowed for your business from non-formal sources?
wedp_4_14b_1
14: How much have you borrowed for your business from non-formal sources?
wedp_4_15a
15. How much money do you own to the above
wedp_4_16
16: How many people/informal institutions do you owe money for your business at
wedp_4_17
17: What is/was the primary use or intended use of the largest informal loan? [D
wedp_4_17_1
Use of largest informal loan:Construction
wedp_4_17_2
Use of largest informal loan:Rent
wedp_4_17_3
Use of largest informal loan:Purchase of inputs/raw materials
wedp_4_17_4
Use of largest informal loan:License or permit fees
wedp_4_17_5
Use of largest informal loan:Marketing materials
wedp_4_17_6
Use of largest informal loan:Pay off debt
wedp_4_17_7
Use of largest informal loan:Purchase equipment
wedp_4_17_8
Use of largest informal loan:Pay workers
wedp_4_17_9
Use of largest informal loan:Buy property/land
wedp_4_17_10
Use of largest informal loan:Personal expenses
wedp_4_17_11
Use of largest informal loan:Other,specify
wedp_4_17_12
Use of largest informal loan:Have not taken any loan recently
wedp_4_17oth
17: Specify, What is/was the primary use or intended use of the largest informal
wedp_4_18
18: How do you save the money you earn in your main business? Multiple responses
wedp_4_18_1
How do you save money:Business premises
wedp_4_18_2
How do you save money:Throught iqqub
wedp_4_18_3
How do you save money:Through cooperative/savings group
wedp_4_18_4
How do you save money:Through MFIs
wedp_4_18_5
How do you save money:My business partner saves money
wedp_4_18_6
How do you save money:Bank
wedp_4_18_7
How do you save money:Home
wedp_4_18_8
How do you save money:Don't save
wedp_4_18_9
Other, specify
wedp_4_18oth
18: Specify, How do you save the money you earn in your main business?
wedp_4_19
19. Maximum you can borrow
wedp_4_20
20: Have you had a loan request denied by a financial institution in the last 12
wedp_4_21a
21a: Why was it denied? First most important
wedp_4_21a_oth
21a: Specify the first other most important, Why was it denied?
wedp_4_21b
21b: Why was it denied? Second most important
wedp_4_21b_oth
21b: Specify the second other most important, Why was it denied?
wedp_4_21c
21c: Why was it denied? Third most important
wedp_5_1
1: In your household who decides whether or not to buy an appliance for the home
wedp_5_2
2: In your household who decides in what way household members may work outside
wedp_5_3
3: In your household who decides whether to support family members, such as your
wedp_5_4
4: In your household who decides whether to save for the future?
wedp_5_5
5: In your household who decides how to use your business’ profits?
wedp_6_1
1: I can always manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough.
wedp_6_2
2: It is easy for me to stick to my aims and accomplish my goals.
wedp_6_3
3: I am confident that I could deal efficiently with unexpected events.
wedp_6_4
4: I can solve most problems if I invest the necessary effort.
wedp_6_5
5: When I am confronted with a problem, I can usually find several solutions.
wedp_6_6
6: No matter what comes my way, I’m usually able to handle it.
wedp_6_7
7: Thanks to my skillful and creative thinking, I know how to handle unforeseen
wedp_6_8
8: If I am in trouble, I can usually think of a solution.
wedp_6_9
9: If someone is against me, I can find means and ways to get what I want.
wedp_6_10
10: I can remain calm when I am facing difficulties because I can rely on my abi
wedp_6_11
11: I actively attack problems
wedp_6_12
12: Whenever something goes wrong, I search for a solution immediately
wedp_6_13
13: Whenever there is a chance to get actively involved, I take it
wedp_6_14
14: I take initiative immediately even when others do not.
wedp_6_15
15: I use opportunities quickly in order to attain my goals
wedp_6_16
16: Usually I do more than I am asked to do
wedp_6_17
17: I am particularly good at realizing ideas.
wedp_6_18
18: Overall, how satisfied are you with your economic well-being? Are you ...
wedp_6_19
19: Overall, how satisfied are you with your work as a business owner/self-emplo
wedp_6_20
20: In comparison to others, are you a person who is generally willing to give u
wedp_6_21
21: Please tell me, in general, how willing or unwilling you are to take risks.
wedp_6_22
22: I often set a goal but later choose to pursue a different one.
wedp_6_23
23: New ideas and projects sometimes distract me from previous ones.
wedp_6_24
24: I have been obsessed with a certain idea or project for a short time but lat
wedp_6_25
25: I have difficulty maintaining my focus on projects that take more than a few
wedp_6_26
26: I finish whatever I begin.
wedp_6_27
27: Setbacks don’t discourage me.
wedp_6_28
28: I am a hard worker.
wedp_6_29
29: I am diligent.
wedp_7_1
1: What, if any, challenges are you facing with your business with COVID?
wedp_7_1_1
COVID threat faced:None
wedp_7_1_2
COVID threat faced:Reduced demand (local)
wedp_7_1_3
COVID threat faced:Reduced demand (abroad)
wedp_7_1_4
COVID threat faced:Problems with suppliers domestically
wedp_7_1_5
COVID threat faced:Problems with suppliers from abroad
wedp_7_1_6
COVID threat faced:Loan repayments
wedp_7_1_7
COVID threat faced:Health issues
wedp_7_1_8
COVID threat faced:Caring for other members
wedp_7_1_9
COVID threat faced:Employees home care responsibilities
wedp_7_1_10
COVID threat faced:Regulatory challenges
wedp_7_1_11
COVID threat faced:Uncertainty affects investment
wedp_7_1_12
COVID threat faced:Other,specify
wedp_7_1oth
1: Specify the other challenges are you facing with your business with the threa
wedp_7_2
2: In your opinion, what would be the most needed or helpful policies to support
wedp_7_2_1
Most needed COVID policy:Flexible business loans
wedp_7_2_2
Most needed COVID policy:Employee salary coverage
wedp_7_2_3
Most needed COVID policy:Rent/fixed costs coverage
wedp_7_2_4
Most needed COVID policy:Tax cuts
wedp_7_2_5
Most needed COVID policy:Programs that help HH consumption
wedp_7_2_6
Most needed COVID policy:Other
wedp_7_2_7
Most needed COVID policy:Controlling inflation
wedp_7_2_8
Most needed COVID policy:Providing workspace
wedp_7_2oth
2: Specify your other opinion, what would be the most needed or helpful policies
submissiondate
Date/time submitted
Total: 598
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