Afrobarometer Survey 2005-2006

Africa, 2005 - 2006

Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA), Michigan State University (MSU), Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana)

Related publications

The data from this study are used in the following publications:

Found: 155

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1 Adhvaryu, Achyuta, and James Fenske. "Conflict and the Formation of Political Beliefs in Africa." Households in Conflict Network (HiCN) Working Paper , no. 164 (2014).

2 Afrobarometer Network,. "A country turning blue? Political party support and the end of regionalism in Malawi." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 75 , no. 75 (2009).

3 Afrobarometer Network,. "Accès aux services publics et conditions économiques: Des inégalités entre les riches et les pauvres…mais pas de discriminations ethniques à Madagascar." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 24 , no. 24 (2005).

4 Afrobarometer Network,. "Are democratic citizens emerging in Africa? Evidence from the Afrobarometer." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 70 , no. 70 (2009).

5 Afrobarometer Network,. "Batswana support press freedom and critical speech." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 60 , no. 60 (2009).

6 Afrobarometer Network,. "Changing attitudes toward democracy in Lesotho." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 37 , no. 37 (2006).

7 Afrobarometer Network,. "Citizen perceptions of the economic and living conditions in Zambia." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 81 , no. 81 (2010).

8 Afrobarometer Network,. "Citizens of the world? Africans, media and telecommunications." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 69 , no. 69 (2009).

9 Afrobarometer Network,. "Combating corruption in Tanzania: Perception and experience." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 33 , no. 33 (2006).

10 Afrobarometer Network,. "Conditions de vie et situation éconmique au Bénin, 2008." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 57 , no. 57 (2008).

11 Afrobarometer Network,. "Corruption in Kenya, 2005: Is NARC fulfilling Its campaign promise?." Afrobarometer Paper no. 26 , no. 26 (2006).

12 Afrobarometer Network,. "Demande et offre de démocratie au Bénin: qu'en est t'il?." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 56 , no. 56 (2008).

13 Afrobarometer Network,. "Demanding democratic rule: Batswana support democracy and reject non-democratic rule." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 61 , no. 61 (2009).

14 Afrobarometer Network,. "Démocratie au Bénin: le point de vue de la population béninoise." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 17 , no. 17 (2005).

15 Afrobarometer Network,. "Despite economic growth, Tanzanians still dissatisfied." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 36 , no. 36 (2006).

16 Afrobarometer Network,. "Despite reforms, dissatisfaction persists with economic conditions in Ghana." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 19 , no. 19 (2005).

17 Afrobarometer Network,. "Economic conditions in Ghana in 2008." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 50 , no. 50 (2008).

18 Afrobarometer Network,. "Economic conditions, living conditions and poverty in Mozambique." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 87 , no. 87 (2010).

19 Afrobarometer Network,. "Give us a chance! Uncovering latent political participation among Malawians." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 32 , no. 32 (2006).

20 Afrobarometer Network,. "Gouvernance et corruption à Madagascar: Perceptions et réalité." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 22 , no. 22 (2005).

21 Afrobarometer Network,. "Governance in Madagascar: Scope and limits of the fight against corruption and decentralization." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 63E , no. 63E (2009).

22 Afrobarometer Network,. "Green shoots of hope: Changing economic conditions in Zimbabwe." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 84 , no. 84 (2010).

23 Afrobarometer Network,. "How Ghanaians rate the performance of the NPP administration." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 49 , no. 49 (2008).

24 Afrobarometer Network,. "Instruments de mesure, d'analyse et de suivi de la gouvernance." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 39 , no. 39 (2006).

25 Afrobarometer Network,. "Integration in East Africa: Uninformed Kenyans oppose political federation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 90 , no. 90 (2010).

26 Afrobarometer Network,. "Is crime dividing the Rainbow Nation? Fear of crime in South Africa." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 96 , no. 96 (2010).

27 Afrobarometer Network,. "Is South Africa’s public service “user friendly”?." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 41 , no. 41 (2006).

28 Afrobarometer Network,. "Is there a political gender gap in Uganda?." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 16 , no. 16 (2005).

29 Afrobarometer Network,. "Kenyans and democracy: Sustained support for the principle, but waning satisfaction with the practice." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 25 , no. 25 (2006).

30 Afrobarometer Network,. "Kenyans and the coalition government: Disappointment in spite of relative peace." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 91 , no. 91 (2010).

31 Afrobarometer Network,. "Kenyans and the economy: Disillusionment despite improved performance." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 30 , no. 30 (2006).

32 Afrobarometer Network,. "La démocratie à Madagascar: Un soutien marqué mais un fonctionnement à améliorer." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 23 , no. 23 (2005).

33 Afrobarometer Network,. "La gouvernance à Madagascar: Portée et limites de la lutte contre la corruption et du processus de décentralisation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no.63F , no. 63F (2009).

34 Afrobarometer Network,. "La gouvernance locale au Sénégal: Effet de la proximité de l’élu au Citoyen." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 95 , no. 95 (2010).

35 Afrobarometer Network,. "La gouvernance politique au Sénégal." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 94 , no. 94 (2010).

36 Afrobarometer Network,. "Les Malgaches et la démocratie: principes, fonctionnement, participation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 64F , no. 64F (2009).

37 Afrobarometer Network,. "Les Malgaches et la politique: Quelques enseignements tirés des enquêtes Afrobaromètre de 2005." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 47 , no. 47 (2007).

38 Afrobarometer Network,. "Local government and democracy in Lesotho." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 38 , no. 38 (2006).

39 Afrobarometer Network,. "Madagascans and democracy: Principles, practice and participation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 64E , no. 64E (2009).

40 Afrobarometer Network,. "Namibia political party prospects leading to the 2009 elections." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 88 , no. 88 (2010).

41 Afrobarometer Network,. "Neither consolidating nor fully democratic: The evolution of African political regimes, 1999-2008." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 67 , no. 67 (2009).

42 Afrobarometer Network,. "Observance of the rule of law in Mozambique." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 86 , no. 86 (2010).

43 Afrobarometer Network,. "Parliament of the fourth republic of Ghana - views from the grassroots." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 20 , no. 20 (2005).

44 Afrobarometer Network,. "People’s development agenda and government’s policy performance in Zimbabwe." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 28 , no. 28 (2006).

45 Afrobarometer Network,. "Perception de la situation économique et des performances du gouvernement à Madagascar." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 21 , no. 21 (2005).

46 Afrobarometer Network,. "Perception de la situation économique et des performances du gouvernement: Premiers résultats de l'enquête." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 65F , no. 65F (2009).

47 Afrobarometer Network,. "Perceptions et incidence de la corruption au Benin: Evidence a partir des données Afrobaromètre Round 4." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 55 , no. 55 (2008).

48 Afrobarometer Network,. "Performance and legitimacy in Nigeria's new democracy." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 46 , no. 46 (2006).

49 Afrobarometer Network,. "Perspectives on economic management in Botswana: Jobs and widespread wealth elude even a well managed economy." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 62 , no. 62 (2009).

50 Afrobarometer Network,. "Popular attitudes to democracy in Ghana." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 51 , no. 51 (2008).

51 Afrobarometer Network,. "Popular views on crime in Tanzania." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 66 , no. 66 (2009).

52 Afrobarometer Network,. "Poverty reduction, economic growth and democratization in sub-Saharan Africa." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 68 , no. 68 (2009).

53 Afrobarometer Network,. "Public attitudes towards economic conditions and government performance: First results of Afrobarometer 2008 surveys in Madagascar." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 65E , no. 65E (2009).

54 Afrobarometer Network,. "Public opinion and local government in Nigeria." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 53 , no. 53 (2008).

55 Afrobarometer Network,. "Public perceptions of Operation Murambatsvina in Zimbabwe." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 29 , no. 29 (2006).

56 Afrobarometer Network,. "Resurgent perceptions of corruption in South Africa." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 43 , no. 43 (2006).

57 Afrobarometer Network,. "South Africans' rating of government performance." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 44 , no. 44 (2006).

58 Afrobarometer Network,. "Spot the difference: A comparison of presidents and governments' performance since 1999 in Malawi." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 74 , no. 74 (2009).

59 Afrobarometer Network,. "Support for democracy and democratic institutions in Zimbabwe." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 27 , no. 27 (2006).

60 Afrobarometer Network,. "Surging economic optimism amid enduring poverty." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 42 , no. 42 (2006).

61 Afrobarometer Network,. "Sustained support for democracy in Ghana." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 18 , no. 18 (2005).

62 Afrobarometer Network,. "Tanzanias and their MPs: What the people want, and what they don't always get." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 59 , no. 59 (2009).

63 Afrobarometer Network,. "The public agenda: Change and stability in South Africans’ ratings of national priorities." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 45 , no. 45 (2006).

64 Afrobarometer Network,. "The public mood on Zimbabwe’s Inclusive Government." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 85 , no. 85 (2010).

65 Afrobarometer Network,. "The status of democracy, 2005-2006: Findings from Afrobarometer Round 3 for 18 countries." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 40 , no. 40 (2006).

66 Afrobarometer Network,. "The uses of the Afrobarometer in policy planning, program design and evaluation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 98 , no. 98 (2011).

67 Afrobarometer Network,. "The uses of the Afrobarometer in promoting democratic governance." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 93 , no. 93 (2010).

68 Afrobarometer Network,. "Trends in public opinion on health care in Zimbabwe: 1999-2010." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 99 , no. 99 (2011).

69 Afrobarometer Network,. "Ugandans divided on political transition." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 15 , no. 15 (2005).

70 Afrobarometer Network,. "What can the Afrobarometer tell us about service delivery in Africa?." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 92 , no. 92 (2010).

71 Afrobarometer Network,. "Zambian citizens, democracy and political participation." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 80 , no. 80 (2010).

72 Afrobarometer Network,. "Zimbabwe: People's development agenda in 2009." Afrobarometer Briefing Paper no. 83 , no. 83 (2010).

73 Alemika E, Etannibi. "Quality of elections, satisfaction with democracy, and political trust in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 84 , no. 84 (2007).

74 Andrews, Josephine T, and Kris Inman. "Explaining vote choice in Africa’s emerging democracies." (2009).

75 Armah-Attoh, Daniel, E Gyimah-Boadi, and Annie B Chikwanha. "Corruption and institutional trust in Africa: Implications for democratic development." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 81 , no. 81 (2007).

76 Battle, Martin, and Jennifer C Seely. "It’s all relative: Competing models of vote choice in Benin." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 78 , no. 78 (2007).

77 Bicchieri, Cristina, and Annalisa Marini. "Female Genital Mutilation: Fundamentals, Social Expectations and Change." (2015).

78 Bratton, Michael. "Are you being served? Popular satisfaction with health and education services in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 65 , no. 65 (2007).

79 Bratton, Michael. "Do free elections foster capable governments? The democracy-governance connection in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 104 , no. 104 (2008).

80 Bratton, Michael. "Formal versus informal institutions in Africa." Journal of Democracy 18, no. 3 (2007): 97-110.

81 Bratton, Michael. "Poor people and democratic citizenship in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 56 , no. 56 (2006).

82 Bratton, Michael. "Vote buying and violence in Nigerian election campaigns." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 99 , no. 99 (2008).

83 Bratton, Michael, Ravi Bhavnani, and Tse-Hsin Chen. "Voting intentions in Africa: Ethnic, economic or partisan?." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 127 , no. 127 (2011).

84 Bratton, Michael, Wonbin Cho, and Afrobarometer Network. "Where is Africa going? Views from below." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 60 , no. 60 (2006).

85 Bratton, Michael, and Carolyn Logan. "Voters but not yet citizens: The weak demand for vertical accountability in Africa's unclaimed democracies." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 63 , no. 63 (2006).

86 Bratton, Michael, and Peter Lolojih. "Rationality, cosmopolitanism, and adjustment fatigue: Public attitudes to economic reform in Zambia." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 105 , no. 105 (2009).

87 Bratton, Michael, and Eldred Masunungure. "Popular reactions to state repression: Operation Murambatsvina in Zimbabwe." African Affairs 106, no. 422 (2006): 21-45.

88 Bratton, Michael, and Mxolisi Sibanyoni. "Delivery or responsiveness? A popular scorecard of local government performance in South Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 62 , no. 62 (2006).

89 Cage, Julia, and Valeria Rueda. "The long-term effects of the printing press in Sub-Saharan Africa." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8, no. 3 (2016): 69-99.

90 Chang, Eric. "Political transition, corruption, and income inequality in third-wave democracies." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 79 , no. 79 (2007).

91 Chang, Eric C, and Nicholas N Kerr. "Do voters have different attitudes toward corruption? The sources and implications of popular perceptions and tolerance of political corruption." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 116 , no. 116 (2009).

92 Cheeseman, Nicholas, and Rob Ford. "Ethnicity as a political cleavage." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 83 , no. 83 (2007).

93 Chikwanha, Annie, and Eldred Masunungure. "Young and old in sub-Saharan Africa: Who are the real democrats?." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 87 , no. 87 (2007).

94 Cho, Wonbin. "Citizens' perceptions of government responsiveness in Africa: Do electoral systems and ethnic diversity matter?." Comparative Political Studies 43, no. 12 (2010): 1651-1674.

95 Cho, Wonbin, and Matthew F Kirwin. "A vicious circle of corruption and mistrust in institutions in sub-Saharan Africa: A micro-level analysis." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 71 , no. 71 (2007).

96 Cho, Wonbin, and Carolyn Logan. "Looking toward the future: Alternations in power and popular perspectives on democratic durability in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 110 , no. 110 (2009).

97 Conroy-Krutz, Jeffery. "Who are Africa’s (non) ethnic voters? Evaluating theories on the salience of ethnicity in African electoral politics." 2009 American Political Science Association Conference.

98 Conroy-Krutz, Jeffrey, and Dominique Lewis. "Mapping ideologies in African landscapes." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 129 , no. 29 (2011).

99 Couasnon, Loïc. "How violent episodes affect the perception of corruption toward different level of the state?." Master's thesis, University of Amsterdam, 2012.

100 De Luca, Giacomo, and Marijke Verpoorten. "Civil war, social capital and resilience in Uganda." Oxford Economic Papers 67, no. 3 (2015): 661-686.

101 Dendere, Chipo. "The Impact of Voter Exit on Party Survival: Evidence from Zimbabwe's ZANU-PF." Doctor of Philosophy, Georgia State University, 2015.

102 Dineva, Ani. "The Making of Democrats in Sub-Saharan Africa: Education and Political Culture in Malawi and Ghana." Graduate Thesis, Leiden University, 2017.

103 Dowd, Robert A, and Michael Driessen. "Ethnically dominated party systems and the quality of democracy: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 92 , no. 92 (2008).

104 Dunning, Thad, and Lauren Harrison. "Cross-cutting cleavages and ethnic voting: An experimental study of cousinage in Mali." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 107 , no. 107 (2009).

105 D’Arcy, Michelle. "Why do citizens assent to pay tax? Legitimacy, taxation and the African state." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 126 , no. 126 (2011).

106 Ekman, Joakim. "Political participation and regime stability: A framework for analyzing hybrid regimes." International Political Science Review 30, no. 7 (2009): 7-31.

107 Evans, Geoffrey, and Pauline Rose. "Testing mechanisms of influence: Education and support for democracy in sub-Saharan Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 75 , no. 75 (2007).

108 Ferree, Karen, and Jeremy Horowitz. "Identity voting and the regional census in Malawi." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 72 , no. 72 (2007).

109 Gold, Valentin. "I can't get (no) satisfaction? A multilevel study on the satisfaction with democracy of individuals, ethnic groups and countries." 6th ECPR General Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, August 25-27, 2011. Reykjavik, Iceland

110 Harding, Robin. "Urban-rural differences in support for incumbents across Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 120 , no. 120 (2010).

111 Justesen K, Mogens. "Too poor to care? The salience of AIDS in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 133 , no. 133 (2011).

112 Kasara, Kimuli. "Separate and suspicious: Local social and political context and ethnic tolerance in Kenya." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 132 , no. 132 (2011).

113 Keefer, Philip. "The ethnicity distraction? Political credibility and partisan preferences in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 118 , no. 118 (2010).

114 Kirwin, Matthew F, and Wonbin Cho. "Weak states and political violence in sub-Saharan Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 111 , no. 111 (2009).

115 Konold, Carrie. "Perceived corruption, public opinion and social influence in Senegal." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 85 , no. 85 (2007).

116 Konte, Maty. "Gender difference in support for democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Do social institutions matter?." WIDER Working Paper , no. 2014/044 (2014).

117 Koussihouèdé, Oswald, and Damase Sossou. "Frustration relative de démocratie en Afrique." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 101 , no. 101 (2008).

118 Kramon, Eric. "Vote-buying and political behavior: Estimating and explaining vote-buying's effect on turnout in Kenya." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 114 , no. 114 (2009).

119 Krawczyk, Kelly, Jennie Sweet-Cushman, and Raymond Muhula. "The Road to Good Governance: Via the Path Less Accountable? The Effectiveness of Fiscal Accountability in Liberia." International Journal of Public Administration 36, no. 8 (2013): 532-543.

120 Kreibaum, Merle. "Microeconomic Analyses of the Causes and Consequences of Political Violence." PhD thesis, Universitat Gottingen, 2015.

121 Kuenzi T, Michelle. "Social capital and political trust in West Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 96 , no. 96 (2008).

122 Langer, Arnim, Frances Stewart, Kristien Smedts, and Leila Demarest. "Conceptualising and Measuring Social Cohesion in Africa: Towards a perceptions-based index." Social Indicators Research 131, no. 1 (2017): 321-343.

123 Larreguy, Horacio A, and John Marshall. The effect of education on political engagement in weakly institutionalized countries: evidence from Nigeria.. 2014.

124 Lavallée, Emmanuelle, Mireille Razafindrakoto, and François Roubaud. "Corruption and trust in political institutions in sub-Saharan Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 102 , no. 102 (2008).

125 Levi, Margaret, and Audrey Sacks. "Legitimating beliefs: Sources and indicators." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 74 , no. 74 (2007).

126 Levi, Margaret, Audrey Sacks, and Tom Tyler. "Conceptualizing legitimacy, measuring legitimating beliefs." American Behavioral Scientist 53, no. 3 (2009): 354-375.

127 Lewis, Peter. "Identity, institutions and democracy in Nigeria." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 68 , no. 68 (2007).

128 Logan, Carolyn. "Rejecting the disloyal opposition? The trust gap in mass attitudes toward ruling and opposition parties in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 94 , no. 94 (2008).

129 Logan, Carolyn, Tetsuya Fujiwara, Virginia Parish, and Afrobarometer Network. "Citizens and the state in Africa: New results from Afrobarometer Round 3." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 61 , no. 61 (2006).

130 Logan, Carolyn, Thomas P Wolf, and Robert Sentamu. "Kenyans and democracy: What do they really want from it anyway?." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 70 , no. 70 (2007).

131 Malipula, Mrisho. "Depoliticised ethnicity in Tanzania: a structural and historical narrative." Afrika Focus 27, no. 2 (2014): 49-70.

132 Mattes, Robert. "How does SA compare? Experiences of crime and policing in an African context.." SA Crime Quartely (2006).

133 Mattes, Robert. "The "Born Frees”: The prospects for generational change in post-Apartheid South Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 131 , no. 131 (2011).

134 Mattes, Robert. "The material and political bases of lived poverty in Africa: Insights from the Afrobarometer." Barometers of Quality of Life Around the Globe (2009).

135 Mattes, Robert, Francis Kibirige, and Robert Sentamu. "Understanding citizens attitudes to democracy in Uganda." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 124 , no. 124 (2010).

136 Mattes, Robert, and Dangalira Mughogho. "The limited impacts of formal education on democratic citizenship in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 109 , no. 109 (2009).

137 Mattes, Robert, and Carlos Shenga. "'Uncritical citizenship' in a ‘low-information’ society: Mozambicans in comparative perspective." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 91 , no. 91 (2007).

138 McLean M, Lauren. "The micro-dynamics of welfare state retrenchment and the implications for citizenship in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 73 , no. 73 (2007).

139 Moehler, Devra C, and Staffan I Lindberg. "Narrowing the legitimacy gap: The role of turnovers in Africa’s emerging democracies." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 88 , no. 88 (2007).

140 Moehler, Devra C, and Naunihal Singh. "Whose news do you trust? Explaining trust in private versus public media in Africa." Political Research Quarterly 64, no. 2 (2011): 276-292.

141 Nunn, Nathan, and Leonard Wantchekon. "The trans-Atlantic slave trade and the evolution of mistrust in Africa: An empirical investigation." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 100 , no. 100 (2008).

142 Okoye, Dozie, and Roland Pongou. "Sea Change: The Competing Long-Run Impacts of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and Missionary Activity in Africa." (2015).

143 Peterka J, Timothy. Traditional Chiefs and Opposition Party Fragmentation in Africa. 2016.

144 Primus, Simon. "Economic Voting in Ghana. An in-depth study of the economic factor in African Elections.." (2015).

145 Razafindrakoto, Mireille, and Francois Roubaud. "Corruption, institutional discredit, and exclusion of the poor: A poverty trap." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 86 , no. 86 (2007).

146 Reis, Deolinda, Francisco Rodrigues, and Jose Semedo. "Atitudes em relação à qualidade da democracia em Cabo Verde." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 53 , no. 53 (2005).

147 Robinson, Amanda Lea. "Nationalism and ethnic-based trust: Evidence from an African border region." Comparative Political Studies 49, no. 14 (2016): 1819-1854.

148 Robinson L, Amanda. "National versus ethnic identity in Africa: State, group, and individual level correlates of national identification." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 112 , no. 112 (2009).

149 Uddhammar, Emil. "Supporting the opposition or the ruling party: Stark choices in East Africa." Democratization 18, no. 5 (2011): 1168-1192.

150 Uslaner, Eric. "Corruption and the inequality trap in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 69 , no. 69 (2007).

151 Verpoorten, Marijke, Abhimanyu Arora, Nik Stoop, and Johan Swinnen. "Self-reported food insecurity in Africa during the food price crisis." Food Policy (2013).

152 Wantchekon, Leonard, Paul-Aarons Ngomo, Babaly Sall, and Mohamadou Sall. "Support for competitive politics and government performance: Public perceptions of democracy In Senegal." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 77 , no. 77 (2007).

153 Wantchekon, Leonard, and Gwendolyn Taylor. "Political rights versus public goods: Uncovering the determinants of satisfaction ..." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 80 , no. 80 (2007).

154 Young J, Daniel. "Is clientelism at work in African elections? A study of voting behavior in Kenya and Zambia." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 106 , no. 106 (2009).

155 Young J, Daniel. "Support you can count on? Ethnicity, partisanship, and retrospective voting in Africa." Afrobarometer Working Paper no. 115 , no. 115 (2009).