STEPwise Survey for Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2002
Federated States of Micronesia, 2002
Identification
FSM_2002_STEPS_v01_M
STEPwise Survey for Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2002
Pohnpei
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Federated States of Micronesia | FSM |
Other Household Health Survey [hh/hea]
This is the first STEPS survey conducted in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) (Pohnpei). FSM was one of the four countries elected to pilot the WHO NCD STEPS survey with Marshall Islands, Fiji and Samoa.
Noncommunicable diseases are the top cause of deaths. In 2008, more than 36 million people worldwide died of such diseases. Ninety per cent of those lived in low-income and middle-income countries.<a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2011/NCDs_profiles_20110914/en/index.html" class="ext" target="_blank">WHO Maps Noncommunicable Disease Trends in All Countries</a>
The STEPS Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Survey, part of the STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) Adult Risk Factor Surveillance project by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a survey methodology to help countries begin to develop their own surveillance system to monitor and fight against noncommunicable diseases. The methodology prescribes three steps—questionnaire, physical measurements, and biochemical measurements. The steps consist of core items, core variables, and optional modules. Core topics covered by most surveys are demographics, health status, and health behaviors. These provide data on socioeconomic risk factors and metabolic, nutritional, and lifestyle risk factors. Details may differ from country to country and from year to year.
The overall aim of the FSM (Pohnpei) STEPS survey was to document the prevalence of key NCDs and their associated risk factors. The data collected will provide the government with baseline information for health services planning and will inform the development of an integrated strategy on NCD prevention and control. The survey data will also be used to plan and evaluate health promotion and disease preventive programs. The specific objectives of the survey were to:
- Document the prevalence and magnitude of key NCDs among adults aged 25-64 years
- Document the prevalence of major modifiable risk factors for NCDs including smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, raised blood glucose and cholesterol
- Compare NCDs and their risk factors across different strata of age and gender.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Household
Individual
Scope
The scope of the FSM (Pohnpei) STEPS survey includes:
- Demographic information
- Tobacco use: Assessing use of smokeless tobacco (ex. chewing tobacco / snuff)
- Assessing use of betel nut
- Alcohol consumption
- Sakau consumption
- Nutrition
- Physical activity – Core data set
- Occupation-related physical activity (paid or unpaid)
- Travel-related physical activity
- Other physical activity (recreation/sport/leisure)
- Sitting/reclining
- History of Hypertension and Diabetes
- Step2: Physical measurements
- Step 3:Biochemical measurements
Coverage
Pohnpei
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Department of Health and Social Affairs | Federated States of Micronesia |
| WHO Office for the South Pacific | World Health Organization |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Pohnpei State Department of Health | Technical Assistance |
| Micronesia Human Resource Development Center in Pohnpei | Technical Assistance |
| Fiji School of Medicine | Technical Assistance |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Australian Agency for International Development | Financial Support |
| World Health Organization | Financial Support |
Sampling
Data were obtained from 1638 participants (78% response rate) using probability proportion to size cluster sampling methodology. A detailed description of the sampling methodology is provided in sections 3.2 and 3.3 of the survey report provided under the related materials tab.
Data were obtained from 1638 participants (78% response rate).
The survey sample was weighted to the 2000 FSM Census of the Pohnpeian population aged 25 to 64 years. This weighting adjusted for certain age/sex stratum being either over- or under-represented in the survey data.
Survey instrument
All participants took part in a face-to-face structured interview which asked questions on smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical inactivity. The core behavioral risk factor questions were based on the WHO STEPwise Approach to Risk Factor Surveillance standard questionnaire. Interviews were conducted in either English or the local vernacular depending upon the wishes of the participant. A standardized script translated from the English version of the questionnaire was used when interviews were conducted in the local vernacular. Where appropriate, interviewers used show cards (for standard drinks, fruits and vegetables, physical activity) to enhance questionnaire comprehension. A copy of the questionnaire used in the FSM (Pohnpei) STEP Survey is provided as related materials.
Data collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2002-11-14 | 2002-12-18 | Fieldwork |
| 2002-11-14 | 2002-11-19 | Data collection in Kolonia |
| 2002-11-20 | 2002-11-06 | Data collection in Sokehs |
| 2002-11-27 | 2002-12-02 | Data collection in Nett |
| 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-05 | Data collection in Uh |
| 2002-12-06 | 2002-12-11 | Data collection in Madolenihmw |
| 2002-12-12 | 2002-12-18 | Data collection in Kitti |
The FSM (Pohnpei) survey structure followed the three STEPS as follows:
Step 1: A questionnaire-based (interview) survey on selected health risk behaviours (smoking, betel nut chewing, alcohol consumption, kava (sakau) drinking, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical inactivity).
Step 2: Physiological measures of blood pressure, height, weight, and waist circumference.
Step 3: Biochemical measures of fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol.
The survey was conducted from 14 November through 18 December 2002.
In each municipality:
- The field staff approached selected households and invited one individual who was at home and aged 25-64 years to participate in the survey.
- Following informed consent, the field staff conducted face-to-face interviews in the participant’s household (STEP 1).
- The field staff worked through appointment schedules and fasting instructions for each person.
- In the following day, survey participants completed STEPS 2-3 at the designated survey centre.
All completed questionnaires were collected and checked for completeness by survey personnel at this station. All participants were provided specific health advice along with literature and pamphlets about diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, obesity and diet, alcohol, physical activity and tobacco smoking. Participants who were identified during the measurements as being at high risk were referred for further examination and follow-up in the hospital. After completion of counseling, participants were directed towards the refreshment station.
Data processing
At the end of each day of data collection, staff checked the questionnaires for completeness and accuracy. The checked questionnaires were then handed to data entry personnel. Double data entry of questionnaires was carried out on computers that had EpiInfoTM software for double data entry application installed.
Data Access
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree: 1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the data depositor. 2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified on public use data files. 3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately brought to the attention of the data depositor. |
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marcus H. Samo, MPH (Assistant Secretary for Health) | Department of Health and Social Affairs | msamo@fsmhealth.fm | |
| Dr Li Dan (Medical Officer - Noncommunicable Diseases) | WHO Office for the South Pacific | LiD@wpro.who.int | |
| Dr Philayrath Phongsavan | School of Public Health - University of Sydney | php@health.usyd.edu.au | |
| Regional Adviser, Noncommunicable Diseases | World Health Organization | gargr@who.int | http://www.who.int/chp/steps/contact/en/ |
| Team Leader, Surveillance | World Health Organization | rileyl@who.int | http://www.who.int/chp/steps/contact/en/ |