Reproductive and Health Survey 2003
Mongolia, 2003
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Dec 12, 2013
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Identification
Survey ID Number
MNG_2003_RHS_v01_M
Title
Reproductive and Health Survey 2003
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Mongolia | MNG |
Study type
Other Household Health Survey [hh/hea]
Series Information
This survey was conducted by the National Statistical Office (NSO) in 2003 for the second time. Previously first survey conducted in 1998. The RHS 2003 has been executed by the National Statistical Office, with the Ministry of Health, the main client and user of the information – who actively collaborated by assigning its specialists for the Survey Steering Committee as well as for the Working Group of the survey. The results of the Second Reproductive Health Survey are comparable with the data from the first survey conducted in 1998, as the information on fertility, infant mortality, family planning and mother and child health as well as knowledge and attitude towards STI/HIV/AIDS and abortion have been enriched by the results of this Survey. The survey has been undertaken based on experiences and lessons learnt from the first survey and with broad participation of health sector specialists, who are clients and main users a valuable contribution has been made to fostering closer collaboration between institutions and building national capacity. Research institutions and specialized researchers can make in-depth study using a wide range of data collected during the survey.
Abstract
The RHS 2003 has the following objectives:
- Gather information on fertility and family planning;
- Determine knowledge and use of contraceptive methods by region;
- Determine knowledge of family planning by age and other background characteristics;
- Gather information on specific health issues, including child immunization, breastfeeding practices, prenatal and postnatal care;
- Prepare baseline information required for tracking changes in family planning, health situation, fertility and mortality levels;
- Enrich the database on reproductive health and use of family planning within the country and internationally, and provide conclusions and recommendations;
- Provide policy makers, researchers and other users with necessary data.
- Gather information on fertility and family planning;
- Determine knowledge and use of contraceptive methods by region;
- Determine knowledge of family planning by age and other background characteristics;
- Gather information on specific health issues, including child immunization, breastfeeding practices, prenatal and postnatal care;
- Prepare baseline information required for tracking changes in family planning, health situation, fertility and mortality levels;
- Enrich the database on reproductive health and use of family planning within the country and internationally, and provide conclusions and recommendations;
- Provide policy makers, researchers and other users with necessary data.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
- Household
- Women aged 15-49
- Husband of the women
- Children
- Women aged 15-49
- Husband of the women
- Children
Version
Version Description
Version 02: Edited data for internal use only.
Version Date
2004-08-15
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Reproductive Health Survey 2003 includes:
HOUSEHOLD
- Household and respondent characteristics
- Housing characteristics
- Average, monthly income of household
WOMAN
- Reproduction
- Family planing
- Maternal health, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and child health
- Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods
- Marriage
- Fertility preferences and abortion
- Employment, and questions concerning the husband
- Knowledge about AIDS
HUSBAND
- Reproduction
- Family planing
- Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods
- Knowledge about AIDS
HOUSEHOLD
- Household and respondent characteristics
- Housing characteristics
- Average, monthly income of household
WOMAN
- Reproduction
- Family planing
- Maternal health, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and child health
- Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods
- Marriage
- Fertility preferences and abortion
- Employment, and questions concerning the husband
- Knowledge about AIDS
HUSBAND
- Reproduction
- Family planing
- Knowledge and use of contraceptive methods
- Knowledge about AIDS
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The RHS 2003 is nationally and regionally (5 regions - West, Central, East, South, Ulaanbaatar) representative and covers the whole of Mongolia.
Universe
All women between the ages of 15 and 49, inclusive, who slept in the household’s dwelling the night prior to interview, were eligible to be interviewed using the women’s interview schedule. Three husbands out of five married women interviewed in each PSU were interviewed using the husband’s interview schedule. Children above 5 years old.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Statistical Office | Government of Mongolia |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Health | Assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Financial and technical assistance for conduct of the Survey |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mr.Iqbal Alam | UNSD | Advised |
| Mr. Aphichat Chamratritirong | UNESCAP | Advised |
| Mr. Nuri Ozsever | UNESCAP | Data processing program advised |
| Mr. Tan Boon Ann | UNESCAP | Advised |
| Mr. A.Amarbal (Ph.D) | UNFPA | Coordinatied |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The survey was conducted using a two-stage sampling method, which gives an equal probability of selection of households. This means that the data are fully comparable with the RHS 1998. The sample frame comprised the listings of households prepared annually in bags and khoroo across the country. Activities designed for improving the quality of data of the sample frame were conducted in the fourth quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003. The actual sampling was based on the 2003 first half-year data.
Distribution of the RHS Household Sampling by Aimag, Mongolia 2003
-- Aimag, Clusters, Number of Households
1) Arhangai, 1-13, 390
2) Bayan-Olgii, 14-23, 300
3) Bayanhongor, 24-34, 330
4) Bulgan, 35-42, 240
5) Gobi-Altai, 43-50, 240
6) Dornogobi, 51-56, 180
7) Dornod, 57-64, 240
8) Dundgobi, 65-70, 180
9) Zavhan, 71-80, 300
10) Ovorhangai, 81-94, 420
11) Omnogobi, 95-100, 180
12) Suhbaatar, 101-107, 210
13) Selenge, 108-118, 330
14) Tov, 119-129, 330
15) Uvs, 130-139, 300
16) Hovd, 140-149, 300
17) Hovsgol, 150-164, 450
18) Hentii, 165-173, 270
19) Darhan-Uul, 174-182, 270
20) Ulaanbaatar, 183-269, 2610
21) Orhon, 270-279, 300
22) Gobisumber, 280,30
Total number of households 8400
It was determined from the experience of RHS 1998, and of other countries which have conducted similar surveys, that 25-30 households per cluster would provide an optimum representation. Therefore, this time 30 households were selected for a cluster (The best cluster "take" depends upon the intra-cluster versus inter-cluster heterogeneity of the principal variables being measured; this can only be determined after carrying out a survey). For the survey it was planned to select 8,400 households, which is a 1.47 percent sample of all households in the country. This implied the selection of 280 clusters of households. Baghs and horoos were the primary sampling units (PSUs). All 1,674 PSUs were stratified implicitly by aimag and soum, and the selection of the 280 sample PSUs (or clusters) was done systematically with a random start, with probability proportional to the number of registered households. Households were then selected systematically with a random start within each PSU, using an interval directly proportional to the number of households in the PSU. The selected households were interviewed using the household schedule. All women between the ages of 15 and 49, inclusive, who slept in the household's dwelling the night prior to interview, were eligible to be interviewed using the women's interview schedule. Three husbands out of five married women interviewed in each PSU were interviewed using the husband's interview schedule.
Distribution of the RHS Household Sampling by Aimag, Mongolia 2003
-- Aimag, Clusters, Number of Households
1) Arhangai, 1-13, 390
2) Bayan-Olgii, 14-23, 300
3) Bayanhongor, 24-34, 330
4) Bulgan, 35-42, 240
5) Gobi-Altai, 43-50, 240
6) Dornogobi, 51-56, 180
7) Dornod, 57-64, 240
8) Dundgobi, 65-70, 180
9) Zavhan, 71-80, 300
10) Ovorhangai, 81-94, 420
11) Omnogobi, 95-100, 180
12) Suhbaatar, 101-107, 210
13) Selenge, 108-118, 330
14) Tov, 119-129, 330
15) Uvs, 130-139, 300
16) Hovd, 140-149, 300
17) Hovsgol, 150-164, 450
18) Hentii, 165-173, 270
19) Darhan-Uul, 174-182, 270
20) Ulaanbaatar, 183-269, 2610
21) Orhon, 270-279, 300
22) Gobisumber, 280,30
Total number of households 8400
It was determined from the experience of RHS 1998, and of other countries which have conducted similar surveys, that 25-30 households per cluster would provide an optimum representation. Therefore, this time 30 households were selected for a cluster (The best cluster "take" depends upon the intra-cluster versus inter-cluster heterogeneity of the principal variables being measured; this can only be determined after carrying out a survey). For the survey it was planned to select 8,400 households, which is a 1.47 percent sample of all households in the country. This implied the selection of 280 clusters of households. Baghs and horoos were the primary sampling units (PSUs). All 1,674 PSUs were stratified implicitly by aimag and soum, and the selection of the 280 sample PSUs (or clusters) was done systematically with a random start, with probability proportional to the number of registered households. Households were then selected systematically with a random start within each PSU, using an interval directly proportional to the number of households in the PSU. The selected households were interviewed using the household schedule. All women between the ages of 15 and 49, inclusive, who slept in the household's dwelling the night prior to interview, were eligible to be interviewed using the women's interview schedule. Three husbands out of five married women interviewed in each PSU were interviewed using the husband's interview schedule.
Response Rate
Results of the Household and Individual Interviews (Women and Husbands), Mongolia 2003
Number of Dwellings Sampled: Urban 4350, Rural 4050, and Total 8400
Number of Households Interviewed: Urban 4349, Rural 4050, and Total 8399
Household Response Rate: Urban 100.0, Rural 100.0, and Total 100.0
Number of Eligible Women: Urban 5005, Rural 4377, and Total 9382
Number of Eligible Women Interviewed: Urban 4972, Rural 4342, and Total 9314
Eligible Women Response Rate: Urban 99.3, Rural 99.2, and Total 99.3
Number of Husbands Selected: Urban 2134, Rural 2095, and Total 4229
Number of Husbands Interviewed: Urban 2121, Rural 2091, and Total 4212
Husbands Response Rate: Urban 99.4, Rural 99.8, and Total 99.6
Number of Dwellings Sampled: Urban 4350, Rural 4050, and Total 8400
Number of Households Interviewed: Urban 4349, Rural 4050, and Total 8399
Household Response Rate: Urban 100.0, Rural 100.0, and Total 100.0
Number of Eligible Women: Urban 5005, Rural 4377, and Total 9382
Number of Eligible Women Interviewed: Urban 4972, Rural 4342, and Total 9314
Eligible Women Response Rate: Urban 99.3, Rural 99.2, and Total 99.3
Number of Husbands Selected: Urban 2134, Rural 2095, and Total 4229
Number of Husbands Interviewed: Urban 2121, Rural 2091, and Total 4212
Husbands Response Rate: Urban 99.4, Rural 99.8, and Total 99.6
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2003-09-04 | 2003-12-26 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
Each team consisted an editor and a supervisor. Editors were appointed for each team, so that editors and supervisors were able to edit questionnaires daily and correct them by going back to the households when necessary. This way of organizing fieldwork ensured high quality and reliable information.
Data Collection Notes
From 10 August to 1 September 2003, training was held for interviewers. Each team consisted of 4 female interviewers, a male interviewer. Data collection activities started with the appointment of 10 teams with 7 members in each. When the data collection activities started winter was very near, therefore, it was planned to first cover the mountainous west and forested regions of the country, then Gobi and central regions and lastly Ulaanbaatar city. Data collection started on 4 September and terminated 26 December 1998. Data collection progress was reported weekly to the survey headquarters at the NSO. A number of persons from aimag, city, soum, district, baghs or horoos (around 560 persons in cumulative number) provided great assistance and collaboration during the fieldwork operation.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Statistical Office | NSO | Government of Mongolia |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
There were three questionnaires used in the RHS. For the development of women's questionnaire, the model 'B' of the Demographic and Health Surveys Program served as a base, with some adjustments that reflect Mongolia's specific needs. The contents of the three questionnaires are outlined briefly below:
Household Questionnaire:
- Relationship to the household head;
- Age;
- Sex;
- Educational level;
- Marital status.
These questions were asked from all household members nad people who slept in the household prior to the interview. The household questionnaire was developed in order to obtain general demographic information, information on household amenities and housing conditions, household income and expenditure, and as a tool for selecting women and husbands for individual interview.
Woman's Questionnaire:
- Background questions, marital status;
- Reproduction;
- Maternal health, pregnancy, breastfeeding, child health, abortion, miscarriage and stillbirth in the last five years;
- Knowledge, access to and use of contraceptive methods;
- Fertility preferences;
- Employment, and questions concerning the husband
- Knowledge about STIs and AIDS.
Husband's Questionnaire:
- Background questions;
- Reproduction;
- Knowledge, access to and use of contraceptive methods;
- Knowledge about STIs and AIDS.
Household Questionnaire:
- Relationship to the household head;
- Age;
- Sex;
- Educational level;
- Marital status.
These questions were asked from all household members nad people who slept in the household prior to the interview. The household questionnaire was developed in order to obtain general demographic information, information on household amenities and housing conditions, household income and expenditure, and as a tool for selecting women and husbands for individual interview.
Woman's Questionnaire:
- Background questions, marital status;
- Reproduction;
- Maternal health, pregnancy, breastfeeding, child health, abortion, miscarriage and stillbirth in the last five years;
- Knowledge, access to and use of contraceptive methods;
- Fertility preferences;
- Employment, and questions concerning the husband
- Knowledge about STIs and AIDS.
Husband's Questionnaire:
- Background questions;
- Reproduction;
- Knowledge, access to and use of contraceptive methods;
- Knowledge about STIs and AIDS.
Data Processing
Data Editing
The computer data entry work was initiated on 20 October 2003 and terminated 1 March 2004. The editing of the computer files was finished by the middle of April. The computer software package, “Integrated System for Survey Analysis” (ISSA), created by Macro International, Inc. was used in data entry and processing. During February 2004, output tables were produced over a period of 4 months.Activities such as data entry, quality control and production of output tables were accomplished by the national staff under the supervision and guidance of an adviser from the UNFPA Country Support Team in Bangkok. The main report of RHS was prepared jointly by the experts of the NSO, MOH, and the researchers working in agencies under the MOH.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Sampling errors are presented in Tables B.02 - B.16 (refer final survey report) for variables considered to be of major interest. Results are presented for the whole country, for urban and rural areas separately, for each of four education groups, for each of five regions, and for each of three age groups. For each variable, the type of statistic (percentage, mean or rate) and the base population are given in Table B.01 (refer final survey report) . For each variable, Tables B.02 - B.16 (refer final survey report) present the value of the statistic (R), its standard error (SE), the number of cases (N) where relevant, the design effect (DEFT) where applicable, the relative standard error (SE/R), and the 95 percent confidence limits (R-2SE, R+2SE).
The confidence limits have the following interpretation. For the percentage of currently married women using the contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD), the overall value for the full sample is 32.8%, and its standard error is 0.7%. Therefore, to obtain the 95 percent confidence limits, one adds and subtracts twice the standard error to the sample estimate, which means that there is a high probability (95 percent) the true percentage currently using the IUD is between 31.3% and 34.2%.
The relative standard errors for most estimates for the country as a whole are small, except for estimates of very small percentages. The magnitude of the error increases as estimates for sub-populations such as geographical areas are considered. For the variable IUD, for instance, the relative standard error (as a percentage of the estimated parameter) for the whole country and for urban and rural areas is 2.2 percent, 3.2 percent, and 3.0 percent, respectively. For the five regions, the relative standard error of the variable IUD varies between 3.9 percent and 7.4 percent.
Special mention should be made of the sampling errors for rates. The denominators are exposure-years, and the numerators are either births or deaths in the population under consideration during the indicated period of time. Estimates of sampling errors are shown for the TFR in the three years prior to the survey, presented in Chapter 3, and for the various 3-year mortality rates presented in Chapter 7. These estimates are calculated at the national level, and by urban-rural residence, region, and mother's educational level. (They are irrelevant for age groups)
It should be noted that the survey indicates, with a 95 percent level of confidence, that the TFR for the 3-year period prior to the survey lay between 2,4 and 2,6 children per woman, and that the infant mortality rate for the 3-year period prior to the survey lay between 23 and 35 per thousand births. The differences between the survey results and registration statistics are not due to sampling variability.
Details of the sampling errors are presented in the Appendix B of the 2003 RHS National Report.
The confidence limits have the following interpretation. For the percentage of currently married women using the contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD), the overall value for the full sample is 32.8%, and its standard error is 0.7%. Therefore, to obtain the 95 percent confidence limits, one adds and subtracts twice the standard error to the sample estimate, which means that there is a high probability (95 percent) the true percentage currently using the IUD is between 31.3% and 34.2%.
The relative standard errors for most estimates for the country as a whole are small, except for estimates of very small percentages. The magnitude of the error increases as estimates for sub-populations such as geographical areas are considered. For the variable IUD, for instance, the relative standard error (as a percentage of the estimated parameter) for the whole country and for urban and rural areas is 2.2 percent, 3.2 percent, and 3.0 percent, respectively. For the five regions, the relative standard error of the variable IUD varies between 3.9 percent and 7.4 percent.
Special mention should be made of the sampling errors for rates. The denominators are exposure-years, and the numerators are either births or deaths in the population under consideration during the indicated period of time. Estimates of sampling errors are shown for the TFR in the three years prior to the survey, presented in Chapter 3, and for the various 3-year mortality rates presented in Chapter 7. These estimates are calculated at the national level, and by urban-rural residence, region, and mother's educational level. (They are irrelevant for age groups)
It should be noted that the survey indicates, with a 95 percent level of confidence, that the TFR for the 3-year period prior to the survey lay between 2,4 and 2,6 children per woman, and that the infant mortality rate for the 3-year period prior to the survey lay between 23 and 35 per thousand births. The differences between the survey results and registration statistics are not due to sampling variability.
Details of the sampling errors are presented in the Appendix B of the 2003 RHS National Report.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mr. Amarbal Avirmed (Ph.D) | Survey Manager, National Statistical Office | amarbal@nso.mn | www.nso.mn |
| World Bank Microdata Library | microdata@worldbank.org |
Access conditions
The data and/or metadata may not be transferred to any other user without prior authorization from NSO of Mongolia
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
National Statistical Office of Mongolia. Mongolia Reproductive and Health Survey 2003. Ref. MNG_2003_RHS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://web.nso.mn/nada/index.php/catalog/37 on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
National Statistical Office of Mongolia. Mongolia Reproductive and Health Survey 2003. Ref. MNG_2003_RHS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://web.nso.mn/nada/index.php/catalog/37 on [date].
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Statistical Office | Government of Mongolia | info@nso.mn | www.nso.mn |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The National Statistical Office of Mongolia provide these data to external users without any warranty or responsibility implied. They accept no responsibility for the results and/or implications of any actions resulting from the use of these data.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_MNG_2003_RHS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nansalmaa Zundui | NSO | Documentation of the study |
| Tsolmon Tserendejid | NSO | Documentation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2008-02-29
DDI Document version
Version 02 (September 2013). Edited version based on Version 01 DDI (DDI-MNG-NSO-EN-RHS-2003-v1.0) that were done by Nansalmaa Zundui and Tsolmon Tserendejid (National Statistical Office of Mongolia).