This working paper1 reviews trends in population and labour migration between countries comprising
the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Georgia, which account for most of the
population and territory of the former USSR (FUSSR). Although, CIS countries continue to
experience problems with the availability and quality of their migration statistics, the paper draws on a
variety of regional sources (e.g., population censuses, population registers and migrant surveys) to
show the evolving migrant flows between these countries and the resultant changes in migrant stocks.
The paper also shows the evolution of the migration flows in the CIS region from those largely
determined by the pre-1990 all-Union development objectives of the FUSSR, through population
resettlements, which followed the collapse of the USSR in the early 1990s, to the market-influenced,
intra-regional labour mobility of the 2000s. At present, the differentials in the level of economic
development between CIS countries and the relatively high, by regional standards, level of wages in
Russia determine the main directions of migration flows within the CIS region. These movements are
dominated by temporary labour migration the scale of which has been large even during the Global
Financial Crisis of the late 2000s. Thus, 25 years after the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russia
continues to be the main magnet for intraregional migration flows, although Kazakhstan is becoming
more and more attractive as a receiving country.
Last but not least, the paper also discusses successive attempts to create the common, all-CIS
migration policy by member states, areas of policy convergence and impediments to achieving the
more coordinated approach to the regulation of population mobility and, especially, labour flows
within the region.