Labour Force Survey 2012-2013
Pakistan, 2012 - 2013
Identification
PAK_2012_LFS_v01_M
Labour Force Survey 2012-2013
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Pakistan | PAK |
Labor Force Survey [hh/lfs]
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics has been carrying out Labour Force Survey (LFS) since 1963. Along the way, the questionnaire and methodology of the survey have been undergoing pertinent improvements to keep current with best practices. The questionnaire was revised in 1990 to include probing questions on marginal economic activities, likely to be carried out mostly by women and tend to go unrecorded with conventional questions. The questionnaire was further improved in 1995 to reckon with the size and composition of migration and informal sector. The scope of the survey was extended in 2001-02 to take the stock of occupational safety and health of employed persons. The questionnaire was further articulated for undertaking 1st quarterly LFS 2005-06.
The major aim of the survey is to collect a set of comprehensive statistics on the various dimensions of country’s civilian labour force as a means to pave the way for skill development, planning, employment generation, assessing the role and importance of the informal sector and, sizing up the volume, characteristics and contours of employment. The broad objectives of the survey are as follows:
- To collect data on the socio-demographic characteristics of the total population i.e. age, sex, marital status, level of education, current enrolment and migration etc;
- To acquire current information on the dimensions of national labour force; i.e. number of persons employed, unemployed, and underemployed or out of labour market;
- To gather descriptive facts on the engagement in major occupational trades and the nature of work undertaken by the institutions/organizations;
- To profile statistics on employment status of the individuals, i.e. whether they are employers, own account workers, contributing family workers or paid employees (regular/casual);
- To classify non-agricultural enterprises employing household member(s) as formal and informal;
- To quantify the hours worked at main/subsidiary occupations;
- To provide data on wages and mode of payment for paid employees;
- To make an assessment of occupational health and safety of employed persons by causes, type of treatment, conditions that caused the accident/injury and time of recovery; and To collect data on the characteristics of unemployed persons i.e. age, sex, level of education, previous experience if any, occupation, industry, employment status related to previous job, waiting time invested in the quest for work, their availability for work and expectations for future employment.
Sample survey data [ssd]
- Household
- Individuals aged 10 years and above
Scope
The scope of 2012-2013 Labour Force Survey covered the following topics:
- Household identification (including geographic area identification)
- Field operations
- Household composition and demographic information (relationship to the head, present status, gender, age, literacy, education level, current enrolment, technical/vocational training and migration)
- Current activity of all household members (10 years and over)
- Underemployment
- Occupational injuries/ diseases (all employed persons)
- Unemployment
- All persons 10 years of age and above work activity
Coverage
National coverage.
The survey covers all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such by 1998 Population Census, excluding Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and military restricted areas. The population of excluded areas constitutes about 2% of the total population.
All sample enumeration blocks in urban areas and mouzas/dehs/villages in rural areas were enumerated except 421 households due to non contact and refusal cases in urban and rural areas. However, the number of sample households (35067) enumerated as compared to total sample size (35488) is high as response rate is 98.8%.
The universe for Labour Force Survey consists of all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such by 1998 Population Census excluding FATA and military restricted areas. The population of excluded areas constitutes about 2% of the total population.
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Pakistan Bureau of Statistics | Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Government of Pakistan | Financial role |
Sampling
Sample Design: A stratified two-stage sample design is adopted for the survey.
Sampling Frame: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) has developed its own sampling frame for urban areas. Each city/town is divided into enumeration blocks. Each enumeration block is comprised of 200 to 250 households on the average with well-defined boundaries and maps.
The list of enumeration blocks as updated through Economic Census 2003 and the list of villages/mouzas/dehs of 1998 Population Census are taken as sampling frames. Enumeration blocks & villages are considered as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) for urban and rural domains respectively.
Stratification Plan
-
Urban Domain: Large cities Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan, Sialkot, Sargodha, Bahawalpur, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, Quetta and Islamabad are
considered as large cities. Each of these cities constitutes a separate stratum, further sub-stratified according to low, middle and high income groups based on the information collected in respect of each enumeration block at the time of demarcation/ updating of urban area sampling frame. -
Remaining Urban Areas: In all the four provinces after excluding the population of large cities from the population of an administrative division, the remaining urban population is grouped together to form a stratum.
-
Rural Domain: Each administrative district in the Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) is considered an independent stratum whereas in Balochistan, each administrative division constitutes a stratum.
-
Selection of primary sampling units (PSUs): Enumeration blocks in urban domain and mouzas/dehs/villages in rural are taken as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs). In the urban domain, sample PSUs from each ultimate stratum/sub-stratum are selected with probability proportional to size (PPS) method of sampling scheme. In urban domain, the number of households in an enumeration block as updated through Economic Census 2003 and village population of 1998 Census for rural domain is considered as measure of size.
-
Selection of secondary sampling units (SSUs): The listed households of sample PSUs are taken as Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs). A specified number of households i.e. 12 from each urban sample PSU, 16 from rural sample PSU are selected with equal probability using systematic sampling technique with a random start.
-
Sample Size and Its Allocation: A sample of 35,488 households is considered appropriate to provide reliable estimates of key labour force characteristics at National/Provincial level. The entire sample of households (SSUs) is drawn from 2548 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) out of which 1228 are rural and 1320 are urban. The overall sample has been distributed evenly over four quarters independently. As urban population is more heterogeneous therefore, a higher proportion of sample size is allocated to urban domain. To produce reliable estimates, a higher proportion of sample is assigned to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan in consideration to their smallness. After fixing the sample size at provincial level, further distribution of sample PSUs to different strata in rural and urban domains in each province is made proportionately.
98.8%
Survey instrument
Structured questionnaire.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2012-07 | 2013-06 |
Quarterly
- Face-to-face [f2f]
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Pakistan Bureau of Statistics | Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan |
Soon after data collection, the supervisors edit, check and clean the filled-in questionnaires manually for consistency and completeness and refer back to field where necessary.
Editing and coding is done at headquarter by the subject matter section. Computer edit checks are applied to get even with errors identified at the stage of data entry. The relevant numerical techniques are used to eliminate erroneous data resulting from mistakes made during coding. The survey records are further edited and rectified through a series of computerprocessing stages.
Data are collected by direct interview method. Generally, the head of household is chosen to provide information about all members of the household. In case of his non-availability at the time of interview, some other informed member of the household down the line is interviewed. The total sample for the year is evenly distributed for enumeration on quarterly basis to offset the effect of seasonal variations. The information collected however relates to the week preceding the date of enumeration
Data processing
Editing and coding is done at headquarter by the subject matter section. Computer edit checks are applied to get even with errors identified at the stage of data entry. The relevant numerical techniques are used to eliminate erroneous data resulting from mistakes made during coding. The survey records are further edited and rectified through a series of computer processing stages.
Data appraisal
Notwithstanding complete observance of the requisite codes to ensure reliability of data, co-efficient of variations, computed in the backdrop of 5% margin of error exercised for determining sample size, are also given below to affirm the reliability of estimates.
Access policy
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/data-dissemination
Cost: Payment required
Data Access
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| Yes | It will be ensured that the statistics supplied will not disclose in any way the identity and state of affairs of any individual, firm or institution in strict compliance of the General Statistics Act, 1975. |
Dissemination Policy
Level/Format of Data to be supplied
To maintain the confidentiality of statistical data, the micro level data may be supplied on tapes/diskettes after removing the micro-level identification only after publication of report.
Terms and Conditions for Data User/Researcher
a. The user shall provide an undertaking that the data collected from PBS will not be supplied to any other person/organization either free of cost or on payment.
b. The user shall acknowledge the source of data and supply copies of the research work/articles (published/unpublished) to PBS.
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2012-2013. Ref: PAK_2012_LFS_v01_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date]
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Bureau of Statistics | Government of Pakistan | pbs@pbs.gov.pk |
Metadata production
DDI_PAK_2012_LFS_v01_M_WB
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | The World Bank Group | Documentation of the DDI |
2020-10-08
Metadata version
v01 (October 2020)
2020-10-08