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Longitudinal Socioeconomic Study of Refugees and Host Communities 2022-2023
Wave 1

Kenya, 2022 - 2023
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Reference ID
KEN_2022_K-LSRH_v01_M
Producer(s)
Precious Zikhali, Nistha Sinha, Utz Pape, Theresa Beltramo, Edward Miguel
Metadata
DDI/XML JSON
Study website
Created on
Feb 19, 2025
Last modified
Feb 19, 2025
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22995
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Data file: rr

This file contains data at the representative respondent level

Cases: 9285
Variables: 939

Variables

b4_loanpurpose_food
4b. Loan purpose: Food or clothing
b4_loanpurpose_general
4b. Loan purpose: General living expenses, exc. food or clothing
b4_loanpurpose_other
4b. Loan purpose: Other
b4_bank_i_unit
4c. Loan interest. Units
b4_bank_i_time
4c. Loan interest. Units of time
b4_bank_i_month
4d. Loan date. Month
b4_bank_i_year
4d. Loan date. Year
b4_loandefault
4e. Are you currently in default on this loan?
b4_failedloan12months
4f. In the past 12 months, did you apply for a (another) loan from a commercial
b4_shylock_12m
5.In the past 12 months, have you taken any loans from a shylock (moneylender)?
b4_shylock_12m_tot_amt
5a. Shylock loan: Amount
b4_shylock_12m_tot_curr
5a. Shylock loan: Currency
b4_shylockpurpose_schoolfees
5b. Loan purpose: School fees or expenses
b4_shylockpurpose_childsupport
5b. Loan purpose: Child support
b4_shylockpurpose_ceremony
5b. Loan purpose: Ceremonies: funeral, birth, narriage
b4_shylockpurpose_medical
5b. Loan purpose: Medical
b4_shylockpurpose_build
5b. Loan purpose: Help build or buy house
b4_shylockpurpose_startbiz
5b. Loan purpose: Help start business
b4_shylockpurpose_existbiz
5b. Loan purpose: Help an existing business
b4_shylockpurpose_rosca
5b. Loan purpose: Contribute to merry-go-round
b4_shylockpurpose_food
5b. Loan purpose: Food or clothing
b4_shylockpurpose_general
5b. Loan purpose: General living expenses, exc. food or clothing
b4_shylockpurpose_other
5b. Loan purpose: Other
b4_shylock_i_amt
5c. Loan interest. Amount
b4_shylock_i_unit
5c. Loan interest. Units
b4_shylock_i_time
5c. Loan interest. Units of time
b4_shylock_i_month
5d. Loan date. Month
b4_shylock_i_year
5d. Loan interest. Year
b4_anothershylockloan
5e. Did you ask for a (another) loan from a shylock (moneylender) in the past 12
b4_borrowedoutsidehh
6. In the past 12 months, have you ever borrowed money from someone else outside
b4_individualsfrom_no
6a. From how many individuals have you borrowed money from in the past 12 months
b4_relate_1_relate
6b. Borrower #1 relationship
b4_relate_2_relate
6b. Borrower #2 relationship
b4_relate_3_relate
6b. Borrower #3 relationship
b4_friend_tot_amt
6c. Borrowed from friends or relatives past 12 months. Amount
b4_friend_tot_curr
6c. Borrowed from friends or relatives past 12 months. Currency
b4_borrowpurpose_schoolfees
6d. Loan purpose: School fees or expenses
b4_borrowpurpose_childsupport
6d. Loan purpose: Child support
b4_borrowpurpose_ceremony
6d. Loan purpose: Ceremonies: funeral, birth, narriage
b4_borrowpurpose_medical
6d. Loan purpose: Medical
b4_borrowpurpose_build
6d. Loan purpose: Help build or buy house
b4_borrowpurpose_startbiz
6d. Loan purpose: Help start business
b4_borrowpurpose_existbiz
6d. Loan purpose: Help an existing business
b4_borrowpurpose_rosca
6d. Loan purpose: Contribute to merry-go-round
b4_borrowpurpose_food
6d. Loan purpose: Food or clothing
b4_borrowpurpose_general
6d. Loan purpose: General living expenses, exc. food or clothing
b4_borrowpurpose_other
6d. Loan purpose: Other
b4_friend_i_amt
6e. Loan interest. Amount
b4_friend_i_unit
6e. Loan interest. Units
b4_friend_i_time
6e. Loan interest. Units of time
b4_friend_i_month
6f. Loan date. Month
b4_friend_i_year
6f. Loan date. Year
b4_anotherborrowedoutsidehh
6g. Did you ask for a (another) loan from someone else outside your household in
b4_loanvillagebank
7. In the past 12 months, have you taken any loans from a village savings bank/V
b4_vsla_tot_amt
7a. Village savings bank/VSLA loan amount
b4_vsla_tot_curr
7a. Village savings bank/VSLA loan currency
b4_loanpurposeb_schoolfees
7b. Loan purpose: School fees or expenses
b4_loanpurposeb_childsupport
7b. Loan purpose: Child support
b4_loanpurposeb_ceremony
7b. Loan purpose: Ceremonies: funeral, birth, narriage
b4_loanpurposeb_medical
7b. Loan purpose: Medical
b4_loanpurposeb_build
7b. Loan purpose: Help build or buy house
b4_loanpurposeb_startbiz
7b. Loan purpose: Help start business
b4_loanpurposeb_existbiz
7b. Loan purpose: Help an existing business
b4_loanpurposeb_rosca
7b. Loan purpose: Contribute to merry-go-round
b4_loanpurposeb_food
7b. Loan purpose: Food or clothing
b4_loanpurposeb_general
7b. Loan purpose: General living expenses, exc. food or clothing
b4_loanpurposeb_other
7b. Loan purpose: Other
b4_vsla_i_amt
7c. Loan interest. Amount
b4_vsla_i_unit
7c. Loan interest. Units
b4_vsla_i_time
7c. Loan interest. Units of time
b4_vsla_i_month
7d. Loan date. Month
b4_vsla_i_year
7d. Loan date. Year
b4_currentdefaulting
7e. Are you currently in default on this loan?
b4_anothervillagebankloana
7f. Did you ask for a (another) loan from a village savings bank/VSLA in the pas
b4_lentmoneyoutsidehh
8.In the past 12 months, have you ever lent money to someone outside your househ
b4_individualsfroma_no
8a. To how many individuals have you lent money to in the past 12 months?
b4_lentmoney_1_relate
8b. Borrower #1 relationship
b4_lentmoney_2_relate
8b. Borrower #2 relationship
b4_lentmoney_3_relate
8b. Borrower #3 relationship
b4_totallentamount_amnt
8c. Total amount lent to people past 12 months. Amount
b4_totallentamount_curr
8c. Total amount lent to people past 12 months. Currency
b4_totallentamount_i_amnt
8d. Lent interest. Amount
b4_totallentamount_i_unit
8d. Lent interest. Units
b4_totallentamount_i_time
8d. Lent interest. Units of time
b4_paybackdate_month
8e. Payback date. Month
b4_paybackdate_year
8e. Payback date. Year
b4_loanrequest
8f. Did someone ask for a loan in the past 12 months but you did not give it?
b4_usedmobilemoney
9. Have you used any mobile money services (M-Pesa ...) in the past 12 months?
b4_usedmobilecredit
10. Have you used any mobile credit services (M-Pesa ...) in the past 12 months?
b4_heardairtimesharing
11. Have you heard about som airtime sharing services: Sambaza, Me2U, ...?
b4_everusedairtimesharing
12. Have you ever used any of these services
b4_borrowedmoneyrefugee
13a.In the past 12 months, have you ever borrowed money from a refugee?
b4_borrowedmoneykehost
13b.In the past 12 months, have you ever borrowed money from a Kenyan host?
b4_lentmoneyrefugee
14a.In the past 12 months, have you ever lent money to a refugee?
b4_lentmoneykehost
14b.In the past 12 months, have you ever lent money to a Kenyan host?
b5_availabledoc_birth
3. 0. Document available: Birth certificate (either from Kenya or country of or
b5_availabledoc_passpor
3. 0. Document available: Passport from country of origin/Kenyan Passport
b5_availabledoc_idcard
3. 0. Document available: Refugee identity card
b5_availabledoc_travel
3. 0. Document available: Convention travel document
b5_availabledoc_camp
3. 0. Document available: Movement pass (to travel outside the camp)
b5_availabledoc_permit
3. 0. Document available: Kenyan work permit
b5_availabledoc_diploma
3. 0. Document available: School diploma certificate
b5_availabledoc_voters
3. 0. Document available: Kenya Voters ID card
b5_availabledoc_othvoters
0. Document available: Other Voters ID card
b5_availabledoc_huduma
3. 0. Document available: Kenyan ID card (Huduma Namba card)
b5_availabledoc_license
3. 0. Document available: Driver’s License
b5_availabledoc_unhcr
3. 0. Document available: UNHCR/RAS Proof of Registration (“Manifest”)
b5_availabledoc_none
3. 0. Document available: No documents
b5_availabledoc_othe
0. Document available: Other
b5_availabledoc_declined
3. 0. Document available: Declined
b5_availabledoc_dk
3. 0. Document available: Don’t know
b5_everlivedjan16
1. Lived in different place since Jan 2016
b5_livedincountry
2a. Which country were you living in January 2016?
b5_county
2b. County?
b5_subcounty
2c.Sub county
b5_location
2d. Location?
b5_townname
2e. Was this residence located within a town or a trading center, rural area, or
b5_migration_1_country
3. Residence 1: a) country
b5_migration_2_country
3. Residence 2: a) country
b5_migration_3_country
3. Residence 3: a) country
b5_migration_1_county
3. Residence 1 : b) County
b5_migration_2_county
3. Residence 2 : b) County
b5_migration_3_county
3. Residence 3 : b) County
b5_migration_1_subcounty
3. Residence 1 : c) Subcounty
b5_migration_2_subcounty
3. Residence 2 : c) Subcounty
b5_migration_3_subcounty
3. Residence 3 : c) Subcounty
b5_migration_1_camp
3. Residence 1 : d) Was this residence located within a town or a trading center
b5_migration_2_camp
3. Residence 2 : d) Was this residence located within a town or a trading center
b5_migration_3_camp
3. Residence 3 : d) Was this residence located within a town or a trading center
b5_mig_1_arrival_month
4. When did you arrive at this place-Month-Residence 1
b5_mig_2_arrival_month
4. When did you arrive at this place-Month-Residence 2
b5_mig_3_arrival_month
4. When did you arrive at this place-Month-Residence 3
b5_mig_1_arrival_year
4. When did you arrive at this place-Year-Residence 1
b5_mig_2_arrival_year
4. When did you arrive at this place-Year-Residence 2
b5_mig_3_arrival_year
4. When did you arrive at this place-Year-Residence 3
b5_migration_1_whymove1
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 1-Reason 1
b5_migration_1_whymove2
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 1-Reason 2
b5_migration_1_whymove3
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 1-Reason 3
b5_migration_2_whymove1
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 2-Reason 1
b5_migration_2_whymove2
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 2-Reason 2
b5_migration_2_whymove3
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 2-Reason 3
b5_migration_3_whymove1
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 3-Reason 1
b5_migration_3_whymove2
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 3-Reason 2
b5_migration_3_whymove3
5. Why did you move to this place. Residence 3-Reason 3
b5_migration_1_betternow
6. Are you better off now than when you lived in this place? Residence 1
b5_migration_2_betternow
6. Are you better off now than when you lived in this place? Residence 2
b5_migration_3_betternow
6. Are you better off now than when you lived in this place? Residence 3
b5_migration_1_movelocation
7. Moved to another place after. Residence 1
b5_migration_2_movelocation
7. Moved to another place after. Residence 2
b5_migration_3_movelocation
7. Moved to another place after. Residence 3
b5_livedless6months
7a.Think about your home in Jan 2016. Since then, have you ever lived for less t
b5_notimes_number
RECODE of b5_notimes_number (7b. Since 2016, how many times have you moved to a
b5_movesnairobi
7c. any of the moves has been to: Yes, to Nairobi
b5_movesnakuru
7c. any of the moves has been to: Yes, to Nakuru
b5_movesmombasa
7c. any of the moves has been to: Yes, to Mombasa
b5_movesnone
7c. any of the moves has been to: No
b5_futuremove
8. Do you want to leave your current residential location at some point in time?
b5_movenextyear
8a. Do you plan on moving in the next year?
b5_locationmoveref
9. Do you plan to return to your original place of residence or go to a new loca
b5_whichplaceref
9a.To which place do you plan to move?
b5_placehost
10.To which place do you plan to move?
b5_reason_move_conflict
11. Reason move current place: Armed conflict in this area
b5_reason_move_armed
11. Reason move current place: Armed conflict in the surrounding areas
b5_reason_move_crime
11. Reason move current place: Increased crime, violence and insecurity but not
b5_reason_move_fear
11. Reason move current place: Fear of ethnic/political/religious discrimination
b5_reason_move_famine
11. Reason move current place: Drought/famine/flood
b5_reason_move_livestock
11. Reason move current place: Lack of access to home/land/livestock
b5_reason_move_health
11. Reason move current place: Lack of access to education services and health s
b5_reason_move_employ
11. Reason move current place: Lack of employment opportunities
b5_reason_move_family
11. Reason move current place: No family here anymore / family reasons
b5_reason_move_shelter
11. Reason move current place: Lack of humanitarian assistance (water, sanitatio
b5_reason_move_food
11. Reason move current place: Lack of food
b5_reason_move_crowded
11. Reason move current place: Lack of proper management of the site/ site is cr
b5_reason_move_tensions
11. Reason move current place: Tensions with the host community/Refugees
b5_reason_move_situation
11. Reason move current place: Uncertain legal situation in the country
b5_reason_move_other
11. Reason move current place: Other reasons
b5_reason_move_declined
11. Reason move current place: Declined
b5_reason_move_dk
11. Reason move current place: Don’t know
b5_reason_noback_conflict
12. Reason can't go back: Armed conflict in this area
b5_reason_noback_armed
12. Reason can't go back: Armed conflict in the surrounding areas
b5_reason_noback_crime
12. Reason can't go back: Increased crime, violence and insecurity but not armed
b5_reason_noback_fear
12. Reason can't go back: Fear of ethnic/political/religious discrimination and
b5_reason_noback_famine
12. Reason can't go back: Drought/famine/flood
b5_reason_noback_livestock
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of access to home/land/livestock
b5_reason_noback_health
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of access to education services and health servic
b5_reason_noback_employ
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of employment opportunities
b5_reason_noback_family
12. Reason can't go back: No family here anymore / family reasons
b5_reason_noback_shelter
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of humanitarian assistance (water, sanitation, an
b5_reason_noback_food
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of food
b5_reason_noback_crowded
12. Reason can't go back: Lack of proper management of the site/ site is crowded
b5_reason_noback_tensions
12. Reason can't go back: Tensions with the host community/Refugees
b5_reason_noback_situation
12. Reason can't go back: Uncertain legal situation in the country
b5_reason_noback_other
12. Reason can't go back: Other
b5_reason_noback_declined
12. Reason can't go back: Declined
b5_reason_noback_dk
12. Reason can't go back: Don’t know
b5_formalsettleright
13. If you get the formal right to settle freely and live and work in Kenya, wou
b5_reason_stay_security
14. Reasons stay: Better security here
b5_reason_stay_livestock
14. Reasons stay: Better access to home/area of housing and area of livelihood/l
b5_reason_stay_health
14. Reasons stay: Better access to education and health services
b5_reason_stay_employ
14. Reasons stay: Better access to livelihood/employment opportunities
b5_reason_stay_family
14. Reasons stay: To continue living with family/friends or community members /f
b5_reason_stay_shelter
14. Reasons stay: Access to humanitarian aid (particularly food and water)
b5_reason_stay_other
14. Reasons stay: Other reasons
b5_reason_stay_decline
14. Reasons stay: Declined
b5_reason_stay_dk
14. Reasons stay: Don’t know
b6_countryorigin
1. Which country was your habitual place of residence before displacement?
b6_eaapplication
1a. Has anyone in your household applied for East African citizenship?
b6_who_hh1_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 1
b6_who_hh2_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 2
b6_who_hh3_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 3
b6_who_hh4_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 4
b6_who_hh5_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 5
b6_who_hh6_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 6
b6_who_hh7_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 7
b6_who_hh8_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 8
b6_who_hh9_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 9
b6_who_hh10_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 10
b6_who_hh11_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 11
b6_who_hh12_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 12
b6_who_hh13_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 13
b6_who_hh14_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 14
b6_who_hh15_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 15
b6_who_hh16_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 16
b6_who_hh17_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 17
b6_who_hh18_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 18
b6_who_hh19_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 19
b6_who_hh20_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 20
b6_who_hh21_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 21
b6_who_hh22_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 22
b6_who_hh23_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 23
b6_who_hh24_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 24
b6_who_hh25_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 25
b6_who_hh26_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 26
b6_who_hh27_apply
1b. 1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 27
b6_who_hh28_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 28
b6_who_hh29_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 29
b6_who_hh30_apply
1b. Applied for East African citizenship_ Household member 30
b6_reason_displ_safetyvilge
2. Lack of safety in my village
b6_reason_displ_safety
2. Lack of safety in neighboring villages
b6_reason_displ_crime
2. Increased crime, Risks to safety and insecurity but not lack of safety
b6_reason_displ_famine
2. Drought/famine/flood
b6_reason_displ_livestock
2. Lack of access to home/area of housing / area of livelihood/livestock
b6_reason_displ_health
2. Lack of access to education services and health services
b6_reason_displ_employ
2. Lack of employment opportunities
b6_reason_displ_family
2. Death of husband/family reasons
b6_reason_displ_refugee
2. Refugee relocation program
b6_reason_displ_covid19
2. Covid-19
b6_reason_displ_other
2. Other reasons
b6_reason_displ_declined
2. Declined
b6_reason_displ_dk
2. Don’t know
b6_origincountry
3. Were you born in your country of origin {a11.residentcountry}
b6_birthplace
4. Where were you born?
b6_refugeebefore
5. Were you a refugee/migrant in another country before moving to Kenya?
b6_country
6. Which country?
b6_returnorigcountry
7. Have you tried returning to your country since your first displacement?
b6_returnorigcountryno
8. Since January 2016, how many times have you returned to [origin country]?
b6_travelledwith_spouse
9. Travelled with: Spouse
b6_travelledwith_parents
9. Travelled with: Parents
b6_travelledwith_siblings
9. Travelled with: Siblings
b6_travelledwith_children
9. Travelled with: Children
b6_travelledwith_inlaws
9. Travelled with: In-laws
b6_travelledwith_otherfam
9. Travelled with: Other family members
b6_travelledwith_friends
9. Travelled with: Friends
b6_travelledwith_villagers
9. Travelled with: Other people from your village
b6_travelledwith_noone
9. Travelled with: No one
b6_travelledwith_other
9. Travelled with: Other
b6_travelledwith_declined
9. Travelled with: Declined
b6_travelledwith_dk
9. Travelled with: DK
b6_livedinkenya_spouse
10. Lived in Kenya before: Spouse
b6_livedinkenya_parents
10. Lived in Kenya before: Parents
b6_livedinkenya_siblings
10. Lived in Kenya before: Siblings
b6_livedinkenya_children
10. Lived in Kenya before: Children
b6_livedinkenya_inlaws
10. Lived in Kenya before: In-laws
b6_livedinkenya_otherfam
10. Lived in Kenya before: Other family members
b6_livedinkenya_friends
10. Lived in Kenya before: Friends
b6_livedinkenya_villagers
10. Lived in Kenya before: Other people from your village
b6_livedinkenya_noone
10. Lived in Kenya before: No one known to respondent
b6_livedinkenya_other
10. Lived in Kenya before: Other
b6_leavingpreparation
11. How long before leaving [Origin Country] did you start preparing?
b6_knewpeople
12. How many people did you know in current neighborhood before moving there?
b6_currentreside
14. Does this respondent currently live in a refugee camp?
b6_oftendepartcamp
15. How often do you leave the camp?
b6_reasondepartcamp
16. On your last time outside the camp, why did you leave the camp?
b6_livedrefugeecampke
18. Have you ever lived in a refugee camp in Kenya?
b6_reasonleave
19. Why did you leave?
b6_maininfosource
20. What is your main source of information about your country of origin?
b6_preferobtaininfo
21. Would you prefer other ways to get information about your country of origin?
b6_otherinfosource_radio
22. Other ways liked to get information: radio
b6_otherinfosource_tv
22. Other ways liked to get information: TV
b6_otherinfosource_internet
22. Other ways liked to get information: Internet and social media
b6_otherinfosource_written
22. Other ways liked to get information: Written (eg. letters)
b6_otherinfosource_nwsp
22. Other ways liked to get information: Newspapers/magazines/ bulletins
b6_otherinfosource_elders
22. Other ways liked to get information: Community leaders/elders
b6_otherinfosource_family
22. Other ways liked to get information: Family and friends
b6_otherinfosource_leaders
22. Other ways liked to get information: Religious leaders
b6_otherinfosource_pols
22. Other ways liked to get information: Politicians
b6_otherinfosource_ngos
22. Other ways liked to get information: Charities, NGO, UN or other public orga
b6_otherinfosource_comts
22. Other ways liked to get information: Site Management Committees
b6_otherinfosource_other
22. Other ways liked to get information: Other
b6_otherinfosource_declined
22. Other ways liked to get information: Declined
Total: 939
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