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Longitudinal Socioeconomic Study of Refugees and Host Communities 2022-2023
Wave 1

Kenya, 2022 - 2023
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Reference ID
KEN_2022_K-LSRH_v01_M
Producer(s)
Precious Zikhali, Nistha Sinha, Utz Pape, Theresa Beltramo, Edward Miguel
Metadata
DDI/XML JSON
Study website
Created on
Feb 19, 2025
Last modified
Feb 19, 2025
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Data file: rr

This file contains data at the representative respondent level

Cases: 9285
Variables: 939

Variables

b6_naturaldisasterdisplace
23. In the past 12 months, were you displaced due to a natural disaster?
b6_whichdisaster
23a. What was the disaster?
b6_disasterdate_day
23b. Date of disaster: day
b6_disasterdate_mnth
23b. Date of disaster: month
b6_disasterdate_year
23b. Date of disaster: year
b7_trustworthyneighbor
1. People in this neighborhood are trustworthy
b7_trustworthyrefugee
2a. People in the refugee community are trustworthy
b7_trustworthyhost
2b. People in the host community are trustworthy
b7_trustworthyrefugeediff
2c. People in the refugee community from different tribe are trustworthy
b7_trustworthyrefugeesame
2d . People in the refugee community from same tribe are trustworthy
b7_safevisitcity
3. Would you feel safe if you went to City/Town Centre by yourself?
b7_socialiserefugee
4a. comfortable children socialize with refugee community
b7_socialisehost
4b. comfortable children socialize with host community
b7_socialrefugeediff
4c. comfortable children socialize with refugee from different tribe
b7_daywalkarea
5. Do you feel safe walking alone in your area/neighbourhood during the day?
b7_nightwalkarea
6. Do you feel safe walking alone in your area/neighbourhood at night?
b7_crimeinarea
7. Are crimes common in your neighborhood/areas?
b7_opinionleadership
8. Feel able to express opinion through community leadership structure
b7_wellbeingdecisions
9. Feel your opinion is considered for decisions which affect your well-being
b7_interaction12months
10. Interacted with local leadership to solve problem of the community last 12 m
b7_politicalsystemsay
11. The pol.sys. in Kenya allows people like me to have say in the government do
b7_hhintercatneighbor
12. RR or HH member interacted with neighboring community
b7_hhinteractneighborcommm
12a. Number of times interacted with neighboring community
b7_kenyanfriends
13. Of all your friends, how many of them are Kenyans?
b7_refugeefriends
14. Of all your friends, how many of them are refugees?
b7_refugeesamecountry
15a. How many of your refugee friends are from the same country as you?
b7_refugeedifferentcountry
15b. How many of your refugee friends are from a different country than yours?
b7_refugeefriendsdiffethnic
15c. How many of your refugee friends are from a different tribe or language tha
b7_feelkenyahome
16. How much does Kenya feel like home
b7_trustotherrefugees
17.On a scale of 1 to 10, how much do you trust other refugees?
b7_trusthostcommunity
17a.On a scale of 1 to 10, how much do you trust the host community?
b7_trustsameethnic
17b.On a scale of 1 to 10, how much do you trust refugees from same ethnicity?
b7_trustdifferentethnic
17b.On a scale of 1 to 10, how much do you trust refugees from other ethnicity?
b7_rrdescription
18. Self-description
b7_learnsources_newspaper
19a.Daily newspaper
b7_learnsources_tvnews
19b.TV news
b7_learnsources_radionews
19c.Radio news
b7_learnsources_mobile
19d.Mobile phone
b7_learnsources_whatsapp
19e.WhatsApp
b7_learnsources_email
19f.Email
b7_learnsources_internet
19g.Internet
b7_learnsources_smedia
19h.Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)
b7_learnsources_talk
19i.Talk with friends or colleagues
b7_learnsources_youtube
19j.YouTube channels TV
b7_nodaysreadnewspaper
20. In the past 7 days, how many days did you read a news source on the Internet
b7_politicsinterest
21. How interested would you say you are in politics?
b7_politicaldiscussionfreq
22. Do you discuss politics with friends frequently, occasionally, or never?
b7_acquirejustice
23. People like me cannot get justice in this country
b7_multiscale_need_so
24a. There is a special person who is around when I am in need
b7_multiscale_joy_so
24b. There is a special person with whom I can share my joys and sorrows
b7_multiscale_family_fam
24c. My family really tries to help me
b7_multiscale_support_fam
24d. I get the emotional help and support I need from my family
b7_multiscale_comfort_so
24e. I have a special person who is a real source of comfort to me
b7_multiscale_help_fr
24f. My friends really try to help me
b7_multiscale_friend_fr
24g. I can count on my friends when things go wrong
b7_multiscale_proble_fam
24h. I can talk about my problems with my family
b7_multiscale_sorrow_fr
24i. I have friends with whom I can share my joys and sorrows
b7_multiscale_feeling_so
24j. There is a special person in my life who cares about my feelings
b7_multiscale_decision_fam
24k. My family is willing to help me make decisions
b7_multiscale_problem_fr
24l. I can talk about my problems with my friends
b7_multsupsoscore
24. MSPSS significant other Score
b7_multsupfamscore
24. MSPSS family Score
b7_multsupfrscore
24. MSPSS friends Score
b7_membership_women
25a. Women’s/men’s group
b7_membership_farmer
25b. Farmer / agricultural group?
b7_membership_water
25c. Water group / well committee
b7_membership_church
25d. Church or religious organization
b7_membership_school
25e. School committee or club (either as a student or parent)
b7_membership_sport
25f. Sport or recreational organization,football/baseball/rugby team
b7_membership_art
25g. Art, music or educational organization
b7_membership_laborunion
25h. Labor Union
b7_membership_political
25i. Political party
b7_membership_environment
25j. Environmental organization
b7_membership_professional
25k. Professional association
b7_membership_charititable
25l. Humanitarian or charitable organization
b7_membership_consumer
25m. Consumer organization
b7_membership_selfhelp
25n. Self-help group, mutual aid group
b7_membership_refugee
25o. Refugee leadership group
b7_membership_community
25p. Another community group
b7_multsupscore
24. MSPSS Total Score
b8_illness_fever
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (A) Fever
b8_illness_cough
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (B) Cough for more than two weeks
b8_illness_tired
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (C) Always feeling tired
b8_illness_stomachpain
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (D) Stomach pain
b8_illness_worms
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (E) Worms
b8_illness_bloodinstool
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (F) Blood in stool
b8_illness_weightloss
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (G) Rapid weight loss
b8_illness_diarrhea
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (H) Frequent diarrhea
b8_illness_skinrash
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (I) Skin rash or irritation
b8_illness_sores
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (J) Open sores / boils
b8_illness_diffswallowing
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (K) Difficulty Swallowing
b8_illness_seriouswound
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (L) Serious wound or injury
b8_illness_malaria
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (M) Malaria
b8_illness_typhoid
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (N) Typhoid
b8_illness_tuberculosis
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (O) Tuberculosis
b8_illness_ulcers
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (P) Sores or ulcers on the genitals
b8_illness_cholera
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (Q) Cholera
b8_illness_yellowfever
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (R) Yellow fever
b8_illness_asthma
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (S1) Asthma
b8_illness_breathlessness
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (S2) Breathlessness at night
b8_illness_excessurination
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (T) Frequent and excessive urination
b8_illness_constantthirst
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (U) Constant thirst / increased drinking
b8_illness_diabetes
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (V) Diabetes
b8_illness_cancer
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (Y) Cancer
b8_illness_discharge
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (W) Unusual discharge from tip of penis
b8_illness_covid19
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (Y) COVID-19
b8_illness_lossoftaste
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (Z) Loss of taste
b8_illness_diffbreathing
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (ZA) Difficulty in Breathing
b8_illness_anythingelse
1. Experienced in the last four weeks: (ZB) Anything else I have not mentioned?
b8_novisitshospital
2. During the last 4 weeks, how many visits to a hospital or clinic did you make
b8_visit_private
3. Were your visits to: Private hospitals/clinics?
b8_visit_public
3. Were your visits to: Public hospitals/clinics?
b8_visit_ngo
3. Were your visits to: NGO hospitals/clinics?
b8_novisittradionalhealer
3a. During the last 4 weeks, how many visits to a traditional healer did you mak
b8_sleepbednetlastnight
4. Did you sleep under a bednet last night?
b8_nodayabsentwork
5. Days lost of work or school due to poor health
b8_yourgeneralhealth
6. Would you describe your general health as good, fair, poor, or very poor?
b8_evertestedpositivecovid
7. Have you ever tested positive for COVID-19?
b8_hhtestedpositivecovid
8. Have any of your household members tested positive for COVID-19?
b8_nohhtestedpositivecovid
9. How many household members tested positive for COVID-19?
b8_receivedcovidvaccine
10. Have you received the COVID-19 vaccine?
b8_hhreceivedcovidvaccine
11. Have any of your household members received the COVID-19 vaccine?
b8_nohhreceivecovidvaccine
2. How many household members, excluding yourself, received a COVID-19 vaccine?
b8_covidvaccine_notwork
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I don’t think it will work
b8_covidvaccine_notsafe
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I don’t think it will be safe
b8_covidvaccine_sideeffect
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I am worried about the side effects
b8_covidvaccine_risk
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I am not enough at risk of contracting Covid
b8_covidvaccine_against
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I am against vaccines in general
b8_covidvaccine_religion
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: It is against my religion
b8_covidvaccine_afraid
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: Worried to get infected at health facility
b8_covidvaccine_facility
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: Health facility too far or too hard to get to
b8_covidvaccine_time
12a. Reason RR or HH no COVID vac: I don't have time to get vaccinated
b8_washingtongrp_diffseeing
13a. Do you have difficulty seeing, even if wearing glasses?
b8_washingtongrp_diffhearing
13b. Do you have difficulty hearing, even if using a hearing aid?
b8_washingtongrp_diffwalking
13c. Do you have difficulty walking or climbing steps?
b8_washingtongrp_diffremember
13d. Do you have difficulty remembering or concentrating?
b8_washingtongrp_selfcare
13e. Do you have difficulty (with self-care such as) washing all over or dressin
b8_washingtongrp_language
13f. Using your usual (customary) language, do you have difficulty communicating
b8_c_disability1
13. Washington Group Disability Level 1 (=1)
b8_c_disability2
13. Washington Group Disability Level 2 (=1)
b8_c_disability3
13. Washington Group Disability Level 3 RECOMMENDED (=1)
b8_c_disability4
13. Washington Group Disability Level 4 (=1)
b8_gadbotheredby_nervous
14a. Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge
b8_gadbotheredby_worry
14b. Not being able to stop or control worrying
b8_gadbotheredby_worried
14c. Worrying too much about different things
b8_gadbotheredby_relaxing
14d. Trouble relaxing
b8_gadbotheredby_restless
14e. Being so restless that it is hard to sit still
b8_gadbotheredby_irritable
14f. Becoming easily annoyed or irritable
b8_gadbotheredby_afraid
14g. Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen
b8_c_gad7score
14. GAD-7 Total Score
b8_c_gad7scorecat
14. GAD-7 Category
b8_c_gad7_1
14. Minimal anxiety 0-4
b8_c_gad7_2
14. Mild anxiety 5-9
b8_c_gad7_3
14. Moderate anxiety 10-14
b8_c_gad7_4
14. Severe anxiety 15-21
b8_c_gad7abovemean
14. GAD7 Score Equal or Above Mean of 2.904115492350786
b8_c_gad7abovemedian
14. GAD7 Score Equal or Above Median of 1
b8_c_gad7stratmedian
14. GAD7 score median
b8_c_gad7abovestratmedian
14. GAD7 Score Equal or Above Strata Median
b8_c_gad7stratmean
14. GAD7 score mean
b8_c_gad7abovestratmean
14. GAD7 Score Equal or Above Strata Mean
b8_phqbotheredby_interest
15a. Little interest or pleasure in doing things
b8_phqbotheredby_depressed
15b. Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless
b8_phqbotheredby_sleep
15c. Trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much
b8_phqbotheredby_tired
15d. Feeling tired or having little energy
b8_phqbotheredby_appetite
15e. Poor appetite or overeating
b8_phqbotheredby_bad
15f. Feeling bad about yourself — or that you are a failure or have let yourse
b8_phqbotheredby_concentration
15g. Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper, or watch
b8_phqbotheredby_speech
15h. Moving or speaking so slowly that other people could have noticed. Or the
b8_c_phq8score
15. PHQ-8 Total Score
b8_c_phq8depressed
15. Likely to be depressed (PHQ8>=9)
b8_c_phq8notdep
15. Not at all likely to be depressed (PHQ8<=3)
b8_c_phq8scorecat
15. PHQ-8 Category
b8_c_phq8_1
15. Minimal depression 0-4
b8_c_phq8_2
15. Mild depression 5-9
b8_c_phq8_3
15. Moderate depression 10-14
b8_c_phq8_4
15. Moderately severe depression 15-19
b8_c_phq8_5
15. Severe depression 20-24
b8_c_phq8abovemean
15. PHQ8 Score Equal or Above Mean of 3.24983839689722
b8_c_phq8abovemedian
15. PHQ8 Score Equal or Above Median of 1
b8_c_phq8stratmedian
15. PHQ8 median
b8_c_phq8abovestratmedian
15. PHQ8 Score Equal or Above Strata Median
b8_c_phq8stratmean
15. PHQ8 mean
b8_c_phq8abovestratmean
15. PHQ8 Score Equal or Above Strata Mean
b8_decidedestinyfate
16. Locus of control, destiny or fate
b8_satisfiedwithlife
17. Life satisfaction
b8_ladder_place
18a. Macarthur ladder social status. current status
b8_ladder_achieve
18b. Macarthur ladder social status. desired status
b8_perceivedstress_important
19a. Last month felt unable to control the important things in your life
b8_perceivedstress_control
19b. Last month felt confident about ability to handle your personal problems
b8_perceivedstress_myway
19c. Last month felt that things were going your way?
b8_perceivedstress_difficulties
19d. Last month felt difficulties were piling high that could not overcome them
b8_c_perceivedstress
19. Perceived Stress Scale Total Score
b8_gse_problem
20a. I can always manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard enough.
b8_gse_oppose
20b. If someone opposes me, I can find the means and ways to get what I want.
b8_gse_goals
20c. It is easy for me to stick to my aims and accomplish my goals.
b8_gse_confident
20d. I am confident that I could deal efficiently with unexpected events.
b8_gse_resource
20e. Thanks to my resourcefulness, I know how to handle unforeseen situations.
b8_gse_effort
20f. I can solve most problems if I invest the necessary effort.
b8_gse_coping
20g. I can remain calm when facing difficulties because I can rely on my coping
b8_gse_solutions
20h. When I am confronted with a problem, I can usually find several solutions.
b8_gse_trouble
20i. If I am in trouble, I can usually think of a solution.
b8_gse_handle
20j. I can usually handle whatever comes my way.
b8_c_gse
20. Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale
b8_happiness
21. Perceived happines
b8_crimevictim
22. In the past month, have you been victim of a crime?
b8_crimetype
23. What type of crime was it?
b8_c_goodhealth
Indicator for self-reported health status good or very good
b9_evermarried
1.Have you ever been married?
b9_notimemarried
2.How many times have you been married?
b9_marriage_age_first
4. Age of [partner] when got married or started co-residing: first marriage
b9_marriage_age_last
4. Age of [partner] when got married or started co-residing: last marriage
b9_marriage_origin_first
5b. What is the country of origin of {../name}?: first marriage
b9_marriage_origin_last
5b. What is the country of origin of {../name}?: last marriage
b9_marriage_edu_first
6. Highest level of education when you married or coresided: 1st marriage
b9_marriage_edu_last
6. Highest level of education when you married or coresided: last marriage
b9_marriage_edulev_first
7. Highest level of education {name} when married or co-residing: 1st marriage
b9_marriage_edulev_last
7. Highest level of education {name} when married or co-residing: last marriage
b9_marriage_cohabitag_first
8. How old were you when you married or began coresiding with: 1st marriage
b9_marriage_cohabitag_last
8. How old were you when you married or began coresiding with: last marriage
b9_marriage_type_first
9. What type of marriage was this with {../name}?: 1st marriage
b9_marriage_type_last
9. What type of marriage was this with {../name}?: last marriage
b9_marriagereadiness_first
10. Think back to when you got married to {../name}. Did you fee 1st marriage
b9_marriagereadiness_last
10. Think back to when you got married to {../name}. Did you fe last marriage
b9_marriagedecision_first
11. Was it your decision to get married to {../name}, or did som 1st marriage
b9_marriagedecision_last
11. Was it your decision to get married to {../name}, or did so last marriage
b9_marriagedecision_first_oth
11. Was it your decision to get married to {../name}, or did som 1st marriage
b9_marriagedecision_last_oth
11. Was it your decision to get married to {../name}, or did so last marriage
b9_partnerchoice_first
12. Did you choose {../name} as your spouse, or did someone else 1st marriage
b9_partnerchoice_last
12. Did you choose {../name} as your spouse, or did someone else last marriage
b9_partnerchoice_first_other
12. Did you choose {../name} as your spouse, or did someone else 1st marriage
b9_partnerchoice_last_other
12. Did you choose {../name} as your spouse, or did someone else last marriage
b9_brideprice_first_amnt
13. What was the value of the total agreed upon bride price? 1st marriage amnt
b9_brideprice_last_amnt
13. What was the value of the total agreed upon bride price? last marriage amnt
b9_brideprice_first_curr
13. What was the value of the total agreed upon bride price? 1st marriage curr
b9_brideprice_last_curr
13. What was the value of the total agreed upon bride price? 1st marriage curr
b9_marriages_first_usedbirth
14.Have you ever used any form of birth control with this partner 1st marriage
b9_marriages_last_usedbirth
14.Have you ever used any form of birth control with this partne last marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_tubal
14. Female Sterilization (tubal ligation) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_vasectomy
14. Male Sterilization (vasectomy) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_iud
14. IUD (Intrauterine Device, coil, copper T) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_injectable
14. Injectables 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_norplant
14. Implants (norplant) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_pill
14. Pill 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_malecond
14. Male Condom 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_femacond
14. Female Condom 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_lam
14. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_rhythm
14. Rhythm Method (‘safe days’) 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_withdrawal
14. Withdrawal 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_emergency
14. Emergency Contraception 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_none
14. None 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_declined
14. Declined 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_first_dk
14. Don’t know 1st marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_tubal
14. Female Sterilization (tubal ligation) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_vasectomy
14. Male Sterilization (vasectomy) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_iud
14. IUD (Intrauterine Device, coil, copper T) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_injectable
14. Injectables last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_norplant
14. Implants (norplant) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_pill
14. Pill last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_malecond
14. Male Condom last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_femacond
14. Female Condom last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_lam
14. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_rhythm
14. Rhythm Method (‘safe days’) last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_withdrawal
14. Withdrawal last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_emergency
14. Emergency Contraception last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_none
14. None last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_declined
14. Declined last marriage
b9_bcontrol_last_dk
14. Don’t know last marriage
b10_menarcheexperience_dk
1. When did you experience your first menstrual cycle/bleeding? Don't know
b10_menarcheexperience_notyet
1. When did you experience your first menstrual cycle/bleeding? Not yet
b10_menarcheexperience_month
1. When did you experience your first menstrual cycle/bleeding? Month
b10_menarcheexperience_year
1. When did you experience your first menstrual cycle/bleeding? Year
b10_everpregnant
2. Have you ever been pregnant (including pregnancies that are current or ended
b10_timespregnant
3. How many times have you been pregnant (including pregnancies that are current
b10_agepregenant
4. What was your age when your first pregnancy ended?
b10_livebirth
4a. Did this pregnancy end in a live birth?
b10_agefirstborn
4b. What was your age when your first child was born?
b10_partnereverpregnant
5. Has a sexual partner of yours ever been pregnant with your child (including p
b10_pregnantchild
6. How many times has a sexual partner of yours been pregnant with your child (i
b10_agepregenantpartner
7. What was your age when your partner’s first pregnancy with your child ended?
b10_livebirthb
7a.Did this pregnancy end in a live birth?
b10_agefirstbonm
7b. What was your age when your first child was born?
b10_childchoice
8.Today, if you could choose exactly, how many children would you want to have i
b10_agreenochild
9. Agree num of children we end up having is God-given and not controlled by us
b10_neighborboyrecommend
10. Num recommended children to have to neighbor 18 year old boy
b10_neighborgirlrecommend
11. Num recommended children to have to neighbor 18 year old girl
b10_neighborgirlagerecommend
12. Age recommended to have children to neighbor 18 year old girl
b10_fpprogramsaccess
13. Agree need family planning programs in neighborhood
b10_nomiscarriages
13a. Number of miscarriages
b10_receiveprenatal
14. For your last pregnancy, did you receive any prenatal care, i.e., did you se
b10_receiveprenatallstpregnancy
15. Was this doctor a licensed medical doctor
b10_birthtype
16. For your last pregnancy did you give birth vaginally or cesarean?
b10_labourhours_other
17. For your last pregnancy about how many hours were you in labor before you ga
b10_birthplace
18. For your last pregnancy where did you give birth?
b11_religion
1. What is your religion or denomination?
b11_religionimportance
2. How important is religion in your life?
b11_religiousceremony
3. Do you attend service or ceremony of your religious institution regularly?
b11_ethnicoriginimportance
4. How important is your ethnic or tribal origin to you: somewhat, very, or not?
b11_clannationality
5. What is more important: your clan/tribe or your nationality?
b11_materialprosperity
7. God grants material prosperity to believers with enough faith.
Total: 939
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