Afrobarometer Survey 2022
Round 9

South Africa, 2022

Reference ID

ZAF_2022_AFB-R9_v01_M

Producer(s)

Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD), Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR), Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP), Institute for Development Studies (IDS), Michigan State University (MSU), University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa)

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Study website

Created on

Jun 11, 2025

Last modified

Jun 11, 2025

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1194

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Q14a. Freeness and fairness of the last national election (Q14A)

Data file: SAF_R9.data_.final_.wtd_release.30May23.sav

Overview

Valid: 1580

Invalid: -

Minimum: 1

Maximum: 98

Type: Discrete

Decimal: 0

Start: 256

End: 257

Width: 2

Range: 1 - 98

Format: Numeric

Questions and instructions

Categories

Value	Category	Cases
-1	Missing	0	0%
1	Not free and fair	190	12%
2	Free and fair, with major problems	345	21.8%
3	Free and fair, but with minor problems	336	21.3%
4	Completely free and fair	483	30.6%
8	Do not understand question	30	1.9%
9	Don’t know	195	12.3%
98	Refused	1	0.1%

Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.

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