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National Census of Agriculture and Livestock 2006-2007

Malawi, 2007
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MWI_2006_NACAL_v01_M
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Agriculture Statistics Division
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Questionnaires
National Census of Agriculture and Livestock - Module 7: Livestock Information
Download [PDF, 212.32 KB]
Author(s) National Statistical Office
Country Malawi
Language English
Download https://catalog.ihsn.org//catalog/4578/download/58286
Reports
National Census of Agriculture and Livestock 2006/07 - Livestock Report
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subtitle First Draft
Author(s) National Statistical Office
Date 2007-09-09
Country Malawi
Language English
Description This report provides information on the number of livestock owned or kept by type, rearing system, care of livestock, selling, etc. It is part of the concerted effort by the government to provide relevant information on agriculture structure in the country, especially in view of the importance of agriculture to the economy of the country.
Table of contents 1.1 Preface ................................................................................................................................................................ 2
CHARLES MACHINJILI ................................................................................................................................................... 2
2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Number of livestock .......................................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Keeping system ................................................................................................................................................ 10
2.3 Inputs for livestock .......................................................................................................................................... 10
2.4 Veterinary services .......................................................................................................................................... 10
2.5 Sales of livestock and poultry ......................................................................................................................... 11
2.6 Animal protection ............................................................................................................................................ 11
3 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 13
3.1 About Malawi .................................................................................................................................................. 13
3.2 Agricultural sub-sector ................................................................................................................................... 13
3.3 The National Census of Agriculture and Livestock (NACAL). ............................................................................................ 14
3.4 Sample, data collection and data processing ................................................................................................. 15
3.4.1 Sampling method ..................................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.2 The Extra sample ..................................................................................................................................... 16
3.4.3 Data collection ......................................................................................................................................... 16
3.4.4 Data processing ........................................................................................................................................ 16
4 MAIN DEFINITIONS AND STANDARDS ...................................................................................................................... 17
5 OWNERSHIP AND NUMBER OF LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY .............................................................................................. 18
3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 18
5.1 Ownership of livestock or poultry ............................................................................................................................ 18
5.2 Ownership of major types of livestock and poultry ........................................................................................................ 18
5.3 Number of major types of livestock and poultry .......................................................................................................... 19
5.4 Number of other types of livestock and poultry ........................................................................................................... 19
5.5 Ownership of major types of livestock and poultry at household level ................................................................................. 19
5.5.1 Cattle ........................................................................................................................................................ 20
5.5.2 Goats ........................................................................................................................................................ 20
5.5.3 Sheep ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
5.5.4 Pigs .......................................................................................................................................................... 21
5.5.5 Chickens .................................................................................................................................................. 21
6 KEEPING SYSTEM FOR ANIMALS ............................................................................................................................... 31
6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 31
6.2 Keeping system for cattle ................................................................................................................................ 31
6.3 Keeping system for goats ................................................................................................................................ 32
6.4 Keeping system for sheep ............................................................................................................................... 32
6.5 Keeping system for pigs .................................................................................................................................. 32
6.6 Keeping system for chickens .......................................................................................................................... 32
7 INPUTS ........................................................................................................................................................ 46
7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.2 Inputs for livestock .......................................................................................................................................... 46
7.3 Inputs for poultry ............................................................................................................................................ 46
8 VETERINARY SERVICES ........................................................................................................................................ 49
8.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 49
8.2 Livestock .......................................................................................................................................................... 49
8.3 Poultry .............................................................................................................................................................. 49
6.4 Service providers ................................................................................................................................................ 49
9 SALES OF LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY ............................................................................................................................. 60
9.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 60
9.2 Number of livestock and poultry sold. ........................................................................................................................ 60
9.3 Sales of livestock and poultry at household level ............................................................................................................ 60
9.4 Proportion of households who had sold various types of livestock and chickens ........................................................................ 60
9.4.1 Cattle ........................................................................................................................................................ 61
9.4.2 Goats ........................................................................................................................................................ 61
9.4.3 Sheep ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
9.4.4 Pigs .......................................................................................................................................................... 62
9.4.5 Chickens .................................................................................................................................................. 62
10 MARKETS ........................................................................................................................................................ 70
10.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 70
10.2 Markets for Cattle ...................................................................................................................................... 70
10.3 Markets for Goats ...................................................................................................................................... 70
10.4 Markets for Sheep ...................................................................................................................................... 70
10.5 Markets for Pigs ......................................................................................................................................... 71
10.6 Markets for Poultry .................................................................................................................................... 71
11 ANIMAL PROTECTION ..................................................................................................................................... 78
11.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 78
11.2 Livestock protection. .................................................................................................................................. 78
12 APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE ......................................................................................................................... 80
12.1.1 Code list for system ............................................................................................................................ 81
12.1.2 Code list for system ............................................................................................................................ 82
Download https://catalog.ihsn.org//catalog/4578/download/58287
National Census of Agriculture and Livestock 2006/07 Main Report
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Author(s) National Statistical Office
Date 2010-04-01
Country Malawi
Language English
Table of contents Preface.................................................................................................................................................. i
Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................. ii
Accronyms ......................................................................................................................................... iii
Executive summary ............................................................................................................................. xi
Area under crop cultivation.................................................................................................................xi
Land situation......................................................................................................................................xi
Land Size.............................................................................................................................................xi
Land conflicts ......................................................................................................................................xi
Provision of inputs ,ownership of equipment and farm structures.........................................................................xi
Farming practices .............................................................................................................................. xii
Food supply and sources.................................................................................................................... xii
Meals taken daily............................................................................................................................... xii
Agricultural production...................................................................................................................... xii
Fruit trees ......................................................................................................................................... xiii
Impact of HIV/AIDS on agriculture. ........................................................................................................... xiii
Deaths in households and communities....................................................................................................... xiii
Orphan care ...................................................................................................................................... xiii
Livestock.......................................................................................................................................... xiii
Village information........................................................................................................................... xiii
Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 About Malawi ...........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Agricultural sub-sector..............................................................................................................1
1.3 Basic objectives ........................................................................................................................1
1.3.1 Modules............................................................................................................................................ 2
1.4 Sample Design and Survey Organisation.......................................................................................................2
1.5 Main definitions and standards...................................................................................................................2
1.5.1 Household: ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.5.2 Household Head: .............................................................................................................................. 2
1.5.3 Parcel: .............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.5.4 Operator of a parcel of land............................................................................................................... 3
1.5.5 Holding: ........................................................................................................................................... 3
1.5.6 Holding size...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.5.7 Plot................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.5.8 Poverty quintiles ............................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2: Land ownership, Farming practices and Agriculture structure .................................................................... 4
2.1 Area under crop and Type of land, ownership and Land transfer ..........................................................................4
2.2 Number and Size Holdings........................................................................................................................4
2.3 Parcel and Plot Size................................................................................................................................4
2.4 Number of Parcels and Plots......................................................................................................................4
2.5 Change of land area................................................................................................................................5
2.6 Fear of losing land..................................................................................................................................5
2.7 Land disputes .......................................................................................................................................6
2.8 Location of parcels and plots......................................................................................................................6
2.9 Topography and land improvement ..............................................................................................................6
2.10 Use of uncultivated land..........................................................................................................................6
2.11 Agricultural subsidy programme .................................................................................................................6
2.12 Access to credit ....................................................................................................................................6
2.13 Purchase of fertilizer ..............................................................................................................................7
2.14 Purchase of Chemicals .............................................................................................................................7
2.15 Purchase of Maize Seeds...........................................................................................................................7
2.16 Ownership of equipment ...........................................................................................................................7
2.17 Ownership of structures.............................................................................................................................7
2.18 Hired and permanent labour ........................................................................................................................8
2.19 Extension services..................................................................................................................................8
2.20 Cultivation of parcels and crop rotation..........................................................................................................8
2.21 Irrigation.................................................................................................................................................8
2.22 Ridging, planting and weeding of plots.............................................................................................................8
2.23 Use of pesticides and fertilizer..........................................................................................................................9
2.24 Use of fertilizer on maize plots.........................................................................................................................9
2.25 Weeding...................................................................................................................................................9
2.26 Storage.....................................................................................................................................................9
2.27 Post harvest treatment ..................................................................................................................................9
2.28 Staple food crops grown and cropping patterns......................................................................................................9
2.29 Cropping pattern for beans and pulses ...............................................................................................................10
2.30 Cropping pattern for Ground nuts........................................................................................................................10
2.31 Cropping pattern for Potatoes............................................................................................................................10
2.32 Cropping pattern for Cash crops ..........................................................................................................................10
2.33 Threats to produce...........................................................................................................................................10
Chapter 3: Food security ......................................................................................................................................... 75
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................75
3.2 Food supply .....................................................................................................................................................75
3.3 Food sources .....................................................................................................................................................76
3.4 Number of meals taken daily....................................................................................................................................76
3.5 Food scarcity......................................................................................................................................................76
3.6 Production of various crops......................................................................................................................................77
3.7 Area under cultivation............................................................................................................................................78
3.8 Yield of various crops .............................................................................................................................................79
3.9 Fruits cultivation ...................................................................................................................................................81
Chapter 4 : Impact of HIV/AIDS on Agriculture Sector .............................................. .............................................................101
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 101
4.2 Prevalence of chronic disease .....................................................................................................................................101
4.3 Care for chronically ill persons......................................................................................................................................101
4.4 Consequences of chronic illness ...................................................................................................................................102
4.5 Death Occurrences ..................................................................................................................................................102
4.6 Death Consequences ................................................................................................................................................102
4.7 Keeping of orphans ..................................................................................................................................................102
4.8 Consequences of keeping orphans ................................................................................................................................102
Chapter 5: Livestock and Poultry ................................................................................... ...................................................114
5.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................114
5.2 Ownership of livestock and poultry.................................................................................................................................114
5.3 Number of major types of livestock and poultry ..................................................................................................................114
Chapter 6: Village information.............................................................................................................................................118
6.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................118
6.2 Physical infrastructure.................................................................................................................................................118
6.3 Access to financial institutions ........................................................................................................................................118
6.4 Access to marketing agents in agriculture............................................................................................................................118
6.5 Transportation of produce to markets ................................................................................................................................118
6.6 Migration to and from villages ..........................................................................................................................................118
6.7 Types of marriage and payment of lobola.............................................................................................................................119
6.8 Conflict over land.........................................................................................................................................................119
Annex 1: Sampling methodology and weight calculation in the NACAL ............................................................................................... 131
A1.1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................131
A1.2. Sampling design.........................................................................................................................................................131
Stage l - sampling of Enumeration Areas(EA) ...............................................................................................................................131
Stage 2 - Sampling of households..............................................................................................................................................131
A1.3. Calculation of weights.....................................................................................................................................................131
Factors influencing the weights .................................................................................................................................................132
a. Unequal sampling probabilities...............................................................................................................................................132
b. Non-response ..................................................................................................................................................................132
A1.4. Balancing of districts .......................................................................................................................................................132
A1.4. Blowing-up factors..........................................................................................................................................................132
Annex 2: Calculation of production and yield figures in NACAL ............................................................................................................ 133
A2.1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................133
A2. 2. The Survey Design.........................................................................................................................................................134
A2.3. Comparing Yields ...........................................................................................................................................................134
A2.4 Comparing pre-, and post-harvest estimates............................................................................................................................134
A2.5 Comparing YSP Fresh and YSP dry estimates............................................................................................................................135
A2.6. Comparing post-harvest estimates with YSP dried maize measures ................................................................................................135
A2.7. Comparing farmers’ post-harvest yield estimates with yield estimates based on YSP dry maize production ..................................................136
A2.8. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................................137
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