National Demographic and Health Survey 2013
Philippines, 2013
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PHL_2013_DHS_v01_M
National Demographic and Health Survey 2013
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Philippines | PHL |
Demographic and Health Survey (Standard) - DHS VI
The National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is part of the worldwide MEASURE Demographic and Health Surveys program, which is designed to collect information on a variety of health-related topics including fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health.
The 2013 NDHS is the tenth in a series of national demographic surveys conducted every five years since 1968 by the National Statistics Office (NSO).
The 2013 NDHS is designed to provide information on fertility, family planning, and health in the country for use by the government in monitoring the progress of its programs on population, family planning and health.
In particular, the 2013 NDHS has the following specific objectives:
• Collect data which will allow the estimation of demographic rates, particularly fertility rates and under-five mortality rates by urban-rural residence and region.
• Analyze the direct and indirect factors which determine the level and patterns of fertility.
• Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, urban-rural residence, and region.
• Collect data on health, immunizations, prenatal and postnatal check-ups, assistance at delivery, breastfeeding, and prevalence and treatment of diarrhea, fever and acute respiratory infections among children below five years old.
• Collect data on environmental health, utilization of health facilities, health care financing, prevalence of common non-communicable and infectious diseases, and membership in the National Health Insurance Program (PhilHealth).
• Collect data on awareness of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, dengue fever and tuberculosis.
• Determine the knowledge of women about AIDS, and the extent of misconception on HIV transmission and access to HIV testing.
• Determine the extent of violence against women.
Sample survey data [ssd]
- Household
- Individuals/ persons
- Woman age 15 to 49
Scope
The 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey covered the following topics:
HOUSEHOLD
• Usual members and visitors in the selected households
• Background information on each person listed, such as relationship to head of the household, age, sex, and highest educational attainment
• Health insurance coverage for each household member
• Characteristics of the household’s dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor, roof and walls of the house, and ownership of various durable goods (these items are used as proxy indicators of the household’s socioeconomic status)
• Utilization of health facilities of household members
INDIVIDUAL WOMAN
• Background characteristics (e.g., place of residence, age, marital status, education, employment status, religion and ethnic group)
• Reproductive history
• Knowledge and use of family planning methods
• Pregnancy, postnatal care, and breastfeeding initiation
• Child immunization and health of mothers and children
• Marriage and sexual activity
• Fertility preferences
• Woman’s work and husband’s background characteristics
• Awareness and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS
• Other health issues
WOMEN's SAFETY
• Measures of physical, sexual and emotional violence
• Women’s experience of violence since age 15 and recent violence in the 12 months preceding the survey
• Violence during pregnancy
• Marital control
• Inter-spousal violence
• Help-seeking behavior by women who have experienced violence
Coverage
National coverage
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Statistics Office (NSO) | Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| ICF International | MEASURE DHS | Provided technical assistance |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Government of Philippines | Funded the study |
| United States Agency for International Development | Funded the study |
Sampling
The sample selection methodology for the 2013 NDHS is based on a stratified two-stage sample design, using the 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) as a frame. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 800 sample enumeration areas (EAs) distributed by stratum (region, urban/rural). In the second stage, 20 sample housing units were selected from each sample EA, using systematic random sampling.
All households in the sampled housing units were interviewed. An EA is defined as an area with discern able boundaries consisting of contiguous households. The sample was designed to provide data representative of the country and its 17 administrative regions.
Further details on the sample design and implementation are given in Appendix A of the final report.
For the 2013 NDHS sample, 16,732 households were selected, of which 14,893 were occupied. Of these households, 14,804 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 99.4 percent. The household response rates in urban and rural areas are almost identical.
Among the households interviewed, 16,437 women were identified as eligible respondents, and the interviews were completed for 16,155 women, yielding a response rate of 98.3 percent. On the other hand, for the women’s safety module, from a total of 11,373 eligible women, 10,963 were interviewed with privacy, translating to a 96.4 percent response rate. At the individual level, urban and rural response rates showed no difference. The principal reason for non-response among women was the failure to find individuals at home, despite interviewers’ repeated visits to the household.
In order for the sample estimates from the 2013 NDHS to be representative of the population, it is necessary to multiply the data by a sampling weight. The basic weight for each sample household is equal to the inverse of its probability of selection (calculated by multiplying the probabilities at each sampling stage).
Further details on the sample weight calculation are given in Appendix A.4 in the final report.
Survey instrument
The 2013 NDHS used three questionnaires: Household Questionnaire, Individual Woman’s Questionnaire, and Women’s Safety Module. The development of these questionnaires resulted from the solicited comments and suggestions during the deliberation in the consultative meetings and separate meetings conducted with the various agencies/organizations namely: PSA-NSO, POPCOM, DOH, FNRI, ICF International, NEDA, PCW, PhilHealth, PIDS, PLCPD, UNFPA, USAID, UPPI, UPSE, and WHO. The three questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bicol, Hiligaynon, and Waray.
The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify female members of the sample household who were eligible for interview with the Individual Woman’s Questionnaire and the Women’s Safety Module.
The Individual Woman’s Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women aged 15-49 years.
The Women’s Safety Module was used to collect information on domestic violence in the country, its prevalence, severity and frequency from only one selected respondent from among all the eligible women who were identified from the Household Questionnaire.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2013-08-12 | 2013-09-24 |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Statistics Office | Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) |
Training and Fieldwork
Training of the field staff was conducted in two levels. The first was the training of the Task Force for instructors, regional coordinators, and supervisors, and the second was the training of the interviewing teams. The Task Force training was conducted in Manila from July 15 to 26, 2013. Fifty-four persons participated as trainees: 35 from RSOs (consisting of Regional Statisticians and Team Supervisors), and 19 from the PSANSO Central Office. The trainers were staff of the Demographic and Social Statistics Division (DSSD) at PSA-NSO and guest lecturers and resource persons from the University of the Philippines Population Institute (UPPI), the Department of Health (DOH), the University of the Philippines School of Economics (UPEcon), and the Philippines Commission on Women (PCW).
The second-level training took place from June 29 through August 10, 2013, in 17 regional training centers: NCR, CAR, I, II, III, IV-A, IV-B, V, VI, VII , VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII (Caraga) and ARMM. Instructors in this training were members of the Task Force who were trained in the first level training.
Data collection was carried out from August 12 through September 24, 2013, by 70 interviewing teams. A total of 284 field interviewers, 70 team supervisors and field editors, and 17 regional supervisors joined the workforce. However, due to the peace and order situation in Zamboanga City, the data collection in Region IX was extended up to October 16, 2013 to complete the survey. Each team consisted of a team supervisor, a field editor, and four female interviewers.
Data processing
All completed questionnaires and the control forms were returned to the PSA-NSO central office in Manila for data processing, which consisted of manual editing, data entry and verification, and editing of computer-identified errors. An ad-hoc group of thirteen regular employees from the DSSD, the Information Resources Department (IRD), and the Information Technology Operations Division (ITOD) of the NSO was created to work fulltime and oversee data processing operation in the NDHS Data Processing Center that was carried out at the NSO-CVEA Building in Quezon City, Philippines. This group was responsible for the different aspects of NDHS data processing. There were 19 data encoders hired to process the data who underwent training on September 12-13, 2013.
Data entry started on September 16, 2013. The computer package program called Census and Survey Processing System (CSPro) was used for data entry, editing, and verification. Mr. Alexander Izmukhambetov, a data processing specialist from ICF International, spent two weeks at NSO in September 2013 to finalize the data entry program. Data processing was completed on December 6, 2013.
Data appraisal
The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.
Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2013 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and identical size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling error is a measure of the variability between the results of all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey data.
A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2013 NDHS sample is the result of a multistage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulae. The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the 2013 NDHS is a SAS program. This program used the Taylor linearization method for variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replications method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.
The Taylor linearization method treats any percentage or average as a ratio estimate, r = y/x, where y represents the total sample value for variable y, and x represents the total number of weighted cases in the group or subgroup under consideration.
Further details on sampling errors calculation are given in Appendix B of the final report.
Data quality tables were produced to review the quality of the data:
- Household age distribution
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Completeness of reporting
- Births by calendar years
- Reporting of age at death in days
- Reporting of age at death in months
Note: The tables are presented in APPENDIX C of the final report.
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The DHS Program | The DHS Program | http://www.DHSprogram.com | archive@dhsprogram.com |
Request Dataset Access
The following applies to DHS, MIS, AIS and SPA survey datasets (Surveys, GPS, and HIV).
To request dataset access, you must first be a registered user of the website. You must then create a new research project request. The request must include a project title and a description of the analysis you propose to perform with the data.
The requested data should only be used for the purpose of the research or study. To request the same or different data for another purpose, a new research project request should be submitted. The DHS Program will normally review all data requests within 24 hours (Monday - Friday) and provide notification if access has been granted or additional project information is needed before access can be granted.
DATASET ACCESS APPROVAL PROCESS
Access to DHS, MIS, AIS and SPA survey datasets (Surveys, HIV, and GPS) is requested and granted by country. This means that when approved, full access is granted to all unrestricted survey datasets for that country. Access to HIV and GIS datasets requires an online acknowledgment of the conditions of use.
Required Information
A dataset request must include contact information, a research project title, and a description of the analysis you propose to perform with the data.
Restricted Datasets
A few datasets are restricted and these are noted. Access to restricted datasets is requested online as with other datasets. An additional consent form is required for some datasets, and the form will be emailed to you upon authorization of your account. For other restricted surveys, permission must be granted by the appropriate implementing organizations, before The DHS Program can grant access. You will be emailed the information for contacting the implementing organizations. A few restricted surveys are authorized directly within The DHS Program, upon receipt of an email request.
When The DHS Program receives authorization from the appropriate organizations, the user will be contacted, and the datasets made available by secure FTP.
GPS/HIV Datasets/Other Biomarkers
Because of the sensitive nature of GPS, HIV and other biomarkers datasets, permission to access these datasets requires that you accept a Terms of Use Statement. After selecting GPS/HIV/Other Biomarkers datasets, the user is presented with a consent form which should be signed electronically by entering the password for the user's account.
Dataset Terms of Use
Once downloaded, the datasets must not be passed on to other researchers without the written consent of The DHS Program. All reports and publications based on the requested data must be sent to The DHS Program Data Archive in a Portable Document Format (pdf) or a printed hard copy.
Download Datasets
Datasets are made available for download by survey. You will be presented with a list of surveys for which you have been granted dataset access. After selecting a survey, a list of all available datasets for that survey will be displayed, including all survey, GPS, and HIV data files. However, only data types for which you have been granted access will be accessible. To download, simply click on the files that you wish to download and a "File Download" prompt will guide you through the remaining steps.
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Information about The DHS Program | The DHS Program | reports@DHSprogram.com | http://www.DHSprogram.com |
| General Inquiries | The DHS Program | info@dhsprogram.com | http://www.DHSprogram.com |
| Data and Data Related Resources | The DHS Program | archive@dhsprogram.com | http://www.DHSprogram.com |