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United States Census of 1860 - IPUMS Subset

United States, 1860
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Reference ID
USA_1860_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Department of the Interior, IPUMS
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Dec 23, 2014
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
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Imputed relationship to household head (IMPREL)

Data file: USA1860_PHC-P-H

Overview

Type: Discrete
Start: 76
End: 77
Width: 2
Range: -
Format: Numeric

Questions and instructions

Categories
Value Category
00 Not applicable
01 Head/householder
02 Spouse
03 Child
04 Child-in-law
05 Parent
06 Parent-in-law
07 Sibling
08 Sibling-in-law
09 Grandchild
10 Other relatives
12 Other non-relatives
13 Institutional inmates
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.

Description

Definition
IMPREL reports the person's imputed relationship to the head of household. The variable was created for the 1850-1870 samples because these censuses did not collect the explicit family interrelationship information available for all other years (see RELATE). IMPREL relationships are the result of logical inference and statistical imputation, not direct transcriptions from the census forms. IMPREL is constructed in identical fashion for 1910 as well, to facilitate comparisons.

The most important IMPREL determinants are the order in which names appeared on the census form, surname similarity, age, sex, occupation, and birthplace. For about 75 percent of cases, the IPUMS assigns IMPREL according to logical rules based upon these determinants. For the remaining cases, the IPUMS uses a hot deck allocation procedure that examines a wider set of determinants to probabilistically assign IMPREL. See Family Interrelationships for more information.

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