Urban Land Regularization 2010
Mozambique, 2010
Identification
MOZ_2010_MCC-ULR_v01_M
Urban Land Regularization 2010
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Mozambique | MOZ |
Independent Impact Evaluation
This baseline survey was developed for the impact evaluation of activities related to 'improving land access in urban hotspot areas.' The site-specific interventions in priority bairros within Nampula city and Monapo vila are the subject of this impact evaluation. Activities to be evaluated include: a) Satellite mapping and inventory exercise; b) Capacity building of the local cadastral offices; c) Piloting a sound approach to area-wide registration of land rights.
The evaluation approach is to use a non-experimental comparison group difference-in-difference (DiD) design approach for this evaluation. Data was collected at household level from both the treatment and control areas before and after the intervention. The baseline report for the evaluation presents the results of the baseline survey conducted in 2010-11 of 1,690 households in two urban cities of Nampula province. The results of the baseline data analysis aim to provide a picture of the status of surveyed households in study areas of Nampula city and Monapo vila across three broad categories: a) socio-economic characteristics (i.e., demographics, sources of income, asset holdings, and access to credit; b) land characteristics (i.e., land ownership, land markets, land investments, perceptions on tenure security and knowledge about land law and rights); and c) welfare characteristics (i.e., level of income, consumption and expenditure).
Sample survey data [ssd]
Households and parcels.
Version
Anonymized dataset for public distribution
Scope
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Land | MCC Sector |
Coverage
The Baseline survey was conducted in five (5) bairros in Nampula city and eleven (11) bairros in Monapo vila.
The universe for this study included about 55,150 households (total population estimate 260,000) residing in the five study bairros in Nampula and 8,897 households (total population estimate (38,000) residing in 11 study bairros in Monapo.
Producers and sponsors
| Name |
|---|
| MCA/MINAG |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Michigan State University | Design and implementation |
| Name |
|---|
| MCA Agreement with MINAG |
| Millennium Challenge Corporation |
Sampling
To estimate the total sample size for this IE design, the evaluator treated Nampula city and Monapo Vila as two independent evaluations, but both addressed the same impact questions for similar interventions. In step 1, the evaluator applied the power calculation based on a simple random sampling method to estimate the minimum required sample size based on the following parameter values: a power (k) of 80%, a significance level (a) of 0.10, portion of subjects allocated to treatment group (P=0.5), and a standardized minimum detectable effect size (MDE) of 0.25. In the second step, the estimated sample size from SRS was multiplied by the design effect (2.0) to get an effective sample size. However, given the potential attrition rate for the longitudinal survey, in step 3, the sample size was increased for both the urban areas in the baseline survey by a factor of 13% and 11% for Nampula (which is more urbanized) and Monapo (which is peri-urban and more rural); respectively. The end result of all the three steps is an estimated total sample size for the IE design of 900 and 880 households for Nampula city and Monapo Vila; respectively.
The sampling frame for the purpose of this evaluation is defined as "households that have land in the given municipality." A two-stage sample design was used for selecting the households for the survey in most bairros. The sampling frame was based on the data and cartography from the 2007 Mozambique Census. The primary sampling units (PSUs) were defined as the enumeration areas (EAs), which are operational segments defined for the census enumeration. The EAs have an average of about 100 households each, which is an effective size for conducting a new listing of households in the sample EAs. The sampling frame is updated through the listing in sample EAs to represent the current population of each bairro. In each of the smaller bairros with 12 or less EAs the entire bairro was listed, and one-stage sampling was used, as explained in the next section. A listing of households was then conducted in each sample quarteirão for the selection of households at the second sampling stage.
Each bairro was considered a separate sampling stratum. Within each stratum the EAs in the sampling frame were ordered geographically in order to provide additional implicit stratification and ensure a representative geographic distribution of the sample. The units of analysis for the survey are the individual households and the persons within each household. The total number of households surveyed turned out to be 1,690 in urban areas: 881 in Nampula city and 809 in Monapo vila.
The survey covered 1,690 households in both Nampula and Monapo. Muhaivire was initially sampled as a control site, but was subsequently changed to a treatment site.
The basic weight for each sample household would be equal to the inverse of its probability of selection (calculated by multiplying the probabilities at each sampling stage). The sampling probabilities at each stage of selection were maintained in an Excel spreadsheet with information from the sampling frame for each sample enumeration area (EA). Weights were adjusted to take into account the non-interviews in each sample EA or bairro. For bairros in which two-stage sampling was used, the weights are calculated at the level of the sample EA, so it is advantageous to adjust the weights at this level.
In the case of the bairros with a one-stage sample of households, the weights were adjusted at the bairro level. For this survey the strata are defined as the bairros. In the case of the bairros where two-stage sampling was used, the PSUs are the EAs, so there should be a unique PSU code for each sample EA. However, for the bairros where one-stage sampling was used, the PSUs are the individual households, so each household should have a unique PSU code.
Survey instrument
The evaluation will use a household level survey that will include interviewing the head of the household based. The questionnaire includes more than 25 sections encompassing modules on:
- Household characteristics (demographic information by each member of the HH)
- Employment and sources of any other cash transfers
- Identification and list of all the parcels
- Land conflicts
- Rights to the land and perceptions of the risk
- Parcels rented out, rented in
- Characteristics of parcels
- Investments on land
- Perceptions about the DUAT, renting land and the land law
- Relative space occupied by crops in the plot
- Production and sales of basic food crops, cash crops, vegetables, fruits, nuts, etc.
- Agricultural practices
- Ownership of Assets
- Monthly expenditures
- Credit in the last 12 months
- Livestock and sub-products produced and sold in the last 12 months
- Consumption
The survey has detailed sections for each of the outcomes to be evaluated, both intermediate and final outcomes. In addition, each of the survey households will be geo-referenced.
Data collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2010-10-29 | 2010 | Baseline |
The baseline urban survey was implemented from October-December 2010 in Nampula city and Manapo vila.
| Name |
|---|
| Mozambique Ministry of Agriculture |
The data collection method used is household survey conducted in two selected urban areas in Nampula province, northern Mozambique. The data were collected by interviewing the head of the households using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included more than 25 sections encompassing modules on: Household characteristics (demographic information by each member of the HH); Employment and sources of any other cash transfers; Identification and list of all the parcels; Land conflicts; Rights to the land and perceptions of the risk; Parcels rented out, rented in; Characteristics of parcels; Investments on land; Perceptions about the DUAT, renting land and the land law; Relative space occupied by crops in the plot; Production and sales of basic food crops, cash crops, vegetables, fruits, nuts, etc.; Agricultural practices; Ownership of Assets; Monthly expenditures; Credit in the last 12 months; Livestock and sub-products produced and sold in the last 12 months; and Consumption Each of the survey households were geo-referenced for ease of locating them for the panel survey. In households that were male-headed with a spouse present, the spouse was the respondent for the livestock and food consumption modules. The survey was designed to take between 1 and 1 ½ hours to complete.
Data processing
The data cleaning and information processing were done in Maputo and data analysis as well as the drafting of the report is being done in East Lansing. To assess the quality of information gathered by enumerators, each team supervisor was responsible for reviewing each completed questionnaire and verifying some selected questions in the households already interviewed and compares them with the answers already contained in the questionnaires duly filled in the same families. If the answers were different, the enumerator was advised to complete or correct the inconsistencies, making a second visit to the household in question in the presence of the supervisor.
Access policy
Millennium Challenge Corporation
Millennium Challenge Corporation
http://data.mcc.gov/evaluations/index.php/catalog/124
Cost: None
Distributor information
| Organization name |
|---|
| Michigan State University |
Data Access
Maredia, Mywish K., Raul Pitoro, Songqing Jin, Ellen Payongayong and Gerhardus Schultink, Michigan State University. Impact Evaluation of Site-specific Activities under the Land Tenure Services Project: Report of the Baseline Survey Conducted in Two Urban Areas in Northern Mozambique. 2012.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Monitoring & Evaluation Division | Millennium Challenge Corporation | impact-eval@mcc.gov |
Metadata production
DDI_MOZ_2010_MCC-ULR_v01_M
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Millennium Challenge Corporation | Metadata Producer |
2014-12-10
Metadata version
Version 1.2 (December 2014)
Version 2.0 (April 2015). Edited version based on Version 01 (DDI-MCC-MOZ-MSU-URBAN-2012-V1.2) that was done by Millennium Challenge Corporation.
Benefits from the Land Tenure Services Project are projected to accrue to (i) rural households; (ii) urban households; (iii) communities; and (iv) businesses and investors in the form of increased income, lower transaction costs, and increased investment opportunities.