Violence Against Children Study 2010
Kenya, 2010
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KEN_2010_VACS_v01_M
Violence Against Children Study 2010
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Kenya | KEN |
Sample Frame, Households [sf/hh]
The 2010 Kenya Violence against Children Study (VACs) is the first national survey of violence against both female and male children in Kenya.
The 2010 Kenya Violence against Children Study (VACS) is the first national survey of violence against both female and male children in Kenya. The survey is the most up to date National assessment of householdscovering 1,306 females and 1,622 males aged between 13 to 24 years. The Kenya VACS was designed to yield lifetime and current experiences of emotional , physical and sexual violations for female and male children from the following age groups:
• 18 to 24 year olds who experienced acts of violence prior to age 18 (lifetime events).
• 13 to 17 year olds who experienced acts of violence during the 12 months prior to the survey (current events).
The 2010 Kenya VACS was guided by a Technical Working Group (TWG). The group was assembled in view of their expertise in issues of children in Kenya and the mandates of their organizations.
The findings from the survey indicate that violence against children is a serious problem in Kenya. Levels of violence prior to age 18 as reported by 18 to 24 year olds (lifetime experiences) indicate that during childhood, 32% of females and 18% of males experience sexual violence. 66% of females and 73% of males experienced physical violence and 26% of females and 32% of males experience any violence as a child. 13% of females and 9% of males experienced all three types of violence during childhood.
Clinical data [cli]
Individuals and households
Version
Version 1
2010
Scope
The scope of the Kenya Violence Against Children Study 2010 includes:
- Household: Household information, water and sanitation, household characteristics, education, marriage status, agriculture and labour;
- Male: Man's information, physical violence, services, political violence, emotional violence, community perception, sexual violence, attempted sex, physically forced sex, pressured into sex, responses to sensitive questions and help-seeking and services;
- Female: Woman's information, physical violence, services, political violence, emotional violence, community perception, sexual violence, attempted sex, physically forced sex, pressured into sex, responses to sensitive questions and help-seeking and services.
Coverage
National coverage
The survey covered individuals in households both male and female aged 13 to 24 years.
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Kenya National Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Planning National Development and Vision 2030 |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| United Nations Children's Fund | Funding and Coordination |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| United States Center for Disease Control | CDC |
| Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Development | Government of Kenya |
| Child Protection Technical Working Group | Government of Kenya |
| Police and Legal Systems | Government of Kenya |
Sampling
The Kenya VACS was a nationally representative household survey that used a three-stage cluster sample survey design. The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of violence against children by interviewing 13 to 24 year old females and males in Kenya.
In the first stage, KNBS selected 238 clusters randomly from the National Sample Survey and Evaluation Program (NASSEP) IV frame.
The 238 selected Enumeration Areas (EAs) were then randomly assigned to the female survey or male survey using systematic sampling with a random start.
In the second stage, an equal probability systematic sampling method was applied in each cluster to select a uniform sample of households per cluster.The average cluster size was 35 households for both females and males.
In the third stage, ineach selected household that had an eligible 13 to 24 year old, one female or male was randomly selected from a respective female or male cluster using the Kish method that utilizes random selection.
The overall response rate was 84.8% for females and 80.4% for males. A total of 1,227 females and 1,456 males completed the individual survey, from a total of 3,837 female and 4,871 male households. The individual response rates were 94.0% females and 89.8% males.
A three step weighting procedure was used: (Step 1) computation of base weight for each sample respondent; (Step 2) adjustment of the base weights for non-response; and (Step 3) poststratification calibration adjustment of weights to known population.
Base weights were calculated which are inversely proportional to the overall selection probabilities for each sample respondent (Step 1). Calculations in this stage included probabilities of selection of EAs, selection of households, gender specification, and selection of eligible individuals. In Step 2, base weights were adjusted to compensate for the losses in the sample outcome due to non-response. In this step, household-level non-response adjustment was performed by using weighted data by province and sex. For the person-level non-response adjustment, weighting cells were formed taking into account province, age group (13-17 or 18-24), and sex. Due to some non-responding male EAs, non-response adjustments were also made at the PSU-level for the male EAs.
In the final stage of the weighting process (Step 3), calibration adjustment was done to adjust weights to conform to the 1999 national Census population distribution by region, sex, and age group. These variables are known to be correlated with the key measures of violence against children.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2010-11-25 | 2010-12-31 |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Kenya National Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Planning National development and Vision 2030 |
All staff received training before conducting the survey. Specifically,team lead interviewers received six days of training, includingparticipating in the pilot study, and assisted with the six day training of the interviewers.
Interviews were completed in the home of the respondent. First, a household census was performed listing the age and gender of each person in the household.
The survey instruments were administered in 13 languages: English, Borana, Kalenjin, Kikamba,Somali, Mijikenda, Meru, Masai, Luo,Luhya, Kiswahili, Kikuyu, and Kisii.
Respondents to this survey may have become upset when answering questions about violence. In addition, respondents may have currently been experiencing violence, and could have requested assistance. In order to respond to these needs, the survey team developed multiple ways to link interviewers to support.
Data processing
Quality Control, Data Entry and Cleaning, and Analysis of Data Quality Interviewers reviewed the entire survey for accuracy and missing data prior to leaving a household so that they could correct any errors and collect missing data from the respondent. Team leaders reviewed every survey for completeness and accuracy before leaving the interview location in an effort to minimize errors and missing data. Interviewers were sent back to collect missing information and to clarify information that appeared erroneous. In addition, supervisors randomly selected completed surveys from each EA and reviewed them for completeness and accuracy. Mistakes were brought to the attention of team leaders so that errors could be addressed with the teams and avoided in the future. All teams were visited at least once by a member of the U.S. CDC technical team.
Data Entry and Cleaning: A central data processing operation was created with dedicated data entry, quality assurance, and management staff. As completed surveys were delivered, they were inventoried and given unique tracking numbers within the data center. Quality assurance personnel conducted preliminary checks on completeness and legibility of survey data before the survey responses were keyed into databases. Data were entered into Epi Info version 3.5.1 on 12 stand alone computer workstations, with administrative staff performing daily backups of all survey databases. There were no unique identifiers in the database that could ever be linked to a respondent; surveys were identified by a sequential number assigned within the data center. In order to ensure accurate data entry, the first 100 surveys were entered twice. After entering the first 100 surveys and verifying a low rate of data entry error, 20% of surveys were entered twice. Finally, when random checks of surveys consistently revealed two or fewer data entry errors per survey, 10% of all additional surveys were entered twice. Overall, 12.7% of the surveys were entered twice. Discrepancies in surveys that were entered twice were resolved by reviewing the original hard-copy survey. In addition to entering surveys twice, survey data were reviewed to detect mistakes in skip patterns, survey sections that were skipped and out-of-range values. During this process, 1.3% of the surveys were found to have data problems. These surveys were reviewed and entered again to ensure these problems did not result from data entry.
Data appraisal
Data Analysis: SAS (version 9.2) was used for data management and analysis to produce weighted point estimates and standard error calculations. All results were calculated using sampling weights to yield nationally representative estimates.
Access policy
Kenya NADA
Kenya NADA
http://statistics.knbs.or.ke/nada/index.php/catalog/65
Cost: None
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | Kenya National Bureau of Statistics | www.knbs.or.ke | directorgeneral@knbs.or.ke |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree: 1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the data depositor. 2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified on public use data files. 3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately brought to the attention of the data depositor. This statement does not replace a more comprehensive data agreement. |
The original collector of the data, the [Kenya National Data Archive], and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download.
Example,
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Kenya Violence Against Children Study (VACS) 2010, Ref. KEN_2010_VACS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
(c) 2010, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | Kenya National Bureau of Statistics | directorgeneral@knbs.or.ke | www.knbs.or.ke |
Metadata production
DDI_KEN_2010_VACS_v01_M
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kenya National Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Planning National Development and Vision 2030 | Documentation |
2010
Metadata version
Version 01
Version 02 (August 2016). Edited version based on Version 01 DDI (DDI-KEN-KNBS-KVAC-2010-v01) that was done by Kenya National Bureau of Statistics.