| Table of contents |
Acronyms..................................................................................................................................... vii
Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... ix
Chapter 1: Survey Objectives, Design and Implementation...................................................... 1
1.1 Objectives................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Survey Design............................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Instruments, Training and Fieldwork.................................................................................... 3
1.4 Data Entry and Cleaning......................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Organization of the Survey Report......................................................................................... 4
Chapter 2: Demography, Education and Health........................................................................ 7
2.1 Household Demography.......................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Education................................................................................................................................... 10
2.3 Health......................................................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 3: Housing Characteristics and Household Assets....................................................... 19
3.1 Housing Characteristics: Ownership, Structure and Facilities........................................... 19
3.2 Household Assets...................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 4: Agriculture................................................................................................................ 27
4.1 Agricultural Households.......................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Crop Farming............................................................................................................................ 28
4.3 Livestock.................................................................................................................................... 32
Chapter 5: Non-Farm Enterprises, Other Income, and Assistance............................................ 35
5.1 Non-Farm Enterprises............................................................................................................. 35
5.2 Other Income Sources.............................................................................................................. 37
5.3 Assistance from Government and Nongovernmental Agencies........................................ 37
Chapter 6: Time Use and Labor.................................................................................................. 39
6.1 The ESS Time Use Data........................................................................................................... 39
6.2 Time Spent on Collecting Water and Fuelwood................................................................... 39
6.3 Time Spent on Agricultural Activities................................................................................... 40
6.4 Time Spent on Non-Farm Enterprise Activities................................................................... 41
6.5 Time Spent on Casual, Part-Time and Temporary Work.................................................... 42
6.6 Time Spent on Work for Salary and Wages........................................................................... 42
6.7 Time Spent on Apprentice and Unpaid Work...................................................................... 44
Chapter 7: Consumption, Food Security and Shocks................................................................. 45
7.1 Consumption............................................................................................................................. 45
7.2 Food Security............................................................................................................................ 48
7.3 Shocks and Coping Mechanisms............................................................................................ 49
Chapter 8: Finance: Banking, Savings, Insurance and Credit.................................................... 53
8.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 53
8.2 Account Owners....................................................................................................................... 53
8.3 Types of Financial Institutions and Services......................................................................... 54
8.4 Knowledge of Financial Procedures....................................................................................... 54
8.5 Savings........................................................................................................................................ 56
8.6 Reasons for Saving.................................................................................................................... 57
8.7 Method and Frequency of Saving........................................................................................... 57
8.8 Capacity to Save........................................................................................................................ 57
8.9 Insurance Coverage.................................................................................................................. 57
8.10 Reasons for Not Using Formal Insurance Services.............................................................. 59
8.11 Financial Knowledge and Preference..................................................................................... 59
8.12 Loan Source............................................................................................................................... 61
8.13 Loan Amount and Reasons..................................................................................................... 61 |
