Occupational Wages Survey 2014
Philippines, 2014 - 2015
Identification
PHL_2014_OWS_v01_M
Occupational Wages Survey 2014
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Philippines | PHL |
Enterprise Survey [en/oth]
The Occupational Wages Survey (OWS) 2014 is the ninth in the series since the survey was redesigned in 1996 to focus on the wage rates of relatively skilled occupations in industries likely to be affected by the changing global and economic structure. The survey aims to generate statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations.
From 1997 to the 2004 survey rounds, the OWS was a complete enumeration survey of non-agricultural establishments employing 50 persons or more. Starting the 2006 OWS, employment size cut-off was lowered to 20 persons. The 2002 OWS was limited to Metro Manila due to budget cuts.
A total number of 69 industries were covered in the 2014 and 2012 OWS, up from 65 industries in 2010 and 2008 OWS, 60 in 2006, 58 in the 2002 and 2004 rounds, 57 in 1999 and 52 in 1997 OWS.
The selected industries numbered 46 in 2010 and 2008 OWS, 45 in 2006 OWS, 43 in 2002 and 2004 and 41 in 1997 and 1999 rounds.
A total of 188 occupations were covered in the pre-determined industries in the 2014 and 2012 OWS, 180 in 2010 and 2008 OWS rounds, 169 in 2006, 168 in 2002 and 2004 rounds, 161 in 1999 and 1997. Starting with the 2002 survey round, wage rates of two (2) benchmark occupations, accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers are monitored in all industries covered.
The Occupational Wages Survey (OWS) generates statistics for wage and salary administration and for wage determination in collective bargaining negotiations. This nationwide biennial survey covers establishments employing at least 20 workers.
The OWS is one of the designated statistical activities in E.O. 352 (s.1996) that designates those critical for decision making by the government and the private sector. Moreover, the data category average monthly occupational wage rates in selected occupation is among those listed by the Philippine government under the Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) of the International Monetary Fund. The SDDS serves as reference to member countries in the dissemination of economic and financial data to the public.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Establishment
Version
2015-07-31
Scope
The scope of the survey includes:
- Employment and wage rates of time-rate workers on full-time basis
- Employment and wage rates of time-rate workers on full-time basis in selected occupations
Coverage
National coverage, 17 administrative regions
National Capital Region
Cordillera Administrative Region
Region I - Ilocos Region
Region II- Cagayan Valley
Region III- Central Luzon
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Region V - Bicol Region
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
Caraga
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
The survey covers agricultural and non-agricultural establishments employing 20 or more workers except central banking, public administration and defense and compulsory social security, public education services, public medical, dental and other health services, activities of membership organizations, activities of households as employers of domestic personnel, undifferentiated goods-and-services-producing activities of households for own use and activities of extra-territorial organizations and bodies.
Pre-determined industries for wage monitoring now total to 50 due to the inclusion of agriculture, forestry and fishery; and the splitting and merging of original domains with the adoption of the 2009 PSIC.
Inclusion of new domains:
- Crop and Animal Production, Hunting and Related Service Activities; Forestry and Logging (A01/A02)
- Fishing and Aquaculture (A03)
- Manufacture of Basic Pharmaceutical Products and Pharmaceutical Preparation (C21)
Splitting of original domains:
- Publishing and Printing (D221/D222/D223 of 1994 PSIC as amended) into Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media (C18); and Publishing Activities (J58)
- Supporting and Auxiliary Transport Activities; Activities of Travel Agencies (I63 of 1994 PSIC as amended) into Warehousing and Support Activities for Transportation (H52); and Travel Agency, Tour Operator, Reservation Service and Related Activities (N79)
Merging of original domains:
- Banking Institutions except Central Banking (J65 excl. J6510 of 1994 PSIC as amended) and Non-Bank Financial Intermediation (J66 of 1994 PSIC as amended) into Financial Service Activities except Insurance, Pension Funding and Central Banking (K64 excl. K6411)
Producers and sponsors
| Name |
|---|
| Philippine Statistics Authority |
| Name |
|---|
| Philippine Statistics Authority |
| Name |
|---|
| Field Offices, Philippine Statistics Authority |
Sampling
Statistical unit: The statistical unit is the establishment. Each unit is classified to an industry that reflects its main economic activity---the activity that contributes the biggest or major portion of the gross income or revenues of the establishment.
Survey universe/Sampling frame: The 2014 BLES Survey Sampling Frame (2014 SSF) is an integrated list of establishments culled from the updated 2012 BLES Survey Sampling Frame based on the status of establishments reported in the 2011/2012 BLES Integrated Survey (BITS) and 2012 Occupational Wages Survey (OWS). Other sources were Lists of Establishments from the National Statistics Office (2012), DOLE Regional Office IV-B,and the BLES Job Displacement Monitoring System (JDMS).
Sampling design: The OWS is a sample survey of agricultural and non-agricultural establishments employing 20 persons or more where the survey domain is the industry. Those establishments employing at least 200 persons are covered with certainty and the rest are sampled (stratified random sampling). The design does not consider the region as a domain to allow for detailed industry groupings.
Sample size: For 2014 OWS, the number of establishments covered was 8,399, of which, 6,595 were eligible units.
The response rate in terms of eligible units was 87.2%.
Not all of the fielded questionnaires are accomplished. During data collection, there are reports of permanent closures, non-location, duplicate listing and shifts in industry and employment outside the survey coverage. Establishments that fall in these categories are not eligible elements of the frame and their count is not considered in the estimation. Non-respondents are made up of refusals, strikes or temporary closures, and those establishments whose questionnaires contain inconsistent item responses and have not replied to the verification queries by the time output table generation commences.
Respondents are post-stratified as to geographic, industry and employment size classifications. Non-respondents are retained in their classifications.
Sample values of basic pay and allowances for the monitored occupations whose basis of payment is an hour or a day are converted into a standard monthly equivalent, assuming 313 working days and 8 hours per day. (Daily rate x 26.08333; Hourly rate x 208.66667)
Estimates are obtained by simple expansion, i.e. by multiplying the sample values at the cell level (industry and employment size) by the corresponding blowing-up factor which is the ratio of the estimated population of establishments to the number of responding establishments. These estimates are then aggregated to the desired totals.
Dividing the estimated total basic pay (or total allowances) in each occupation by the corresponding estimate of time-rate workers on full-time basis results to the average monthly basic pay or average monthly allowances as the case may be. The monthly average basic pay and monthly average allowances are then summed up to provide the average monthly wage rates by occupation.
The median monthly basic pay is computed from the estimated distribution of workers by monthly basic pay. On the other hand, the median monthly allowance is computed only for those workers reported with allowances.
A 95% level of reliability of survey estimates of average occupational wage rates is desired. These are to be assessed through their coefficients of variation (CVs).
Survey instrument
The questionnaire contains the following sections:
Cover Page (Page 1)
This contains the address box, contact particulars for assistance, spaces for changes in the name and location of sample establishment and head office information in case the questionnaire is endorsed to it and status codes of the establishment to be accomplished by PSA and its field personnel.
Survey Information (Page 2)
This contains the survey objective and uses of the data, scope of the survey, confidentiality clause, collection authority, authorized field personnel, coverage, periodicity and reference period, due date for accomplishment and expected date when the results of the 2014 OWS would be available.
Part A: General Information (Page 3)
This portion inquires on main economic activity, major products/goods or services and total employment.
Part B: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis (Pages 4-5)
This section requires data on the number of time-rate workers on full-time basis by time unit and by basic pay and allowance intervals.
Part C: Employment and Wage Rates of Time-Rate Workers on Full-Time Basis in Selected Occupations (Pages 6-9)
This part inquires on the basic pay and allowance per time unit and corresponding number of workers in the two benchmark occupations and in the pre-determined occupations listed in the occupational sheet to be provided to the establishment where applicable.
Part D: Certification (Page 10)
This portion is provided for the respondent's name/signature, position, telephone no., fax no. and e-mail address and time spent in answering the questionnaire.
Appropriate spaces are also provided to elicit comments on data provided for the 2014 OWS; results of the 2012 OWS; and presentation/packaging, particularly on the definition of terms, layout, font and color.
Part E: Survey Personnel (Page 10)
This portion is for the particulars of the enumerators and area/regional supervisors and reviewers at the PSA Central Office and PSA Field Offices involved in the data collection and review of questionnaire entries.
Part F: Industries With Selected Occupations (Page 11)
The list of industries for occupational wage monitoring has been provided to guide the enumerators in ensuring that the correct occupational sheet has been furnished to the respondent.
Selected Statistics from 2012 OWS (Page 12)
The results of the 2012 OWS are found on page 12 of the questionnaire. These results can serve as a guide to the survey personnel in editing/review of the entries in the questionnaire.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2014-07-01 | 2015-03-30 |
July 2010 - March 2011
| Name |
|---|
| Labor Standards and Relations Statistics Division/Employment Demand Statistics Division (for National Capital Region), Philippine Statistics Authority |
| PSA Field Offices (for areas outside National Capital Region), Philippine Statistics Authority |
The personnel from the PSA Field Offices supervised the data collectors/enumerators in their respective regions. In provinces/areas where there were relatively many establishments to be covered, area supervisors were hired to assist the regional staff in the supervision of data collection activities. The Labor Standards and Relations Statistics Division handled the field operations in the National Capital Region.
The survey is conducted in coordination with the PSA Field Offices (except the National Capital Region). On a project basis, enumerators are hired to personally deliver and retrieve the questionnaires from the establishments. In some instances, questionnaires are mailed to establishments in less accessible or conflict prone areas, in which case a self-addressed envelope is provided. The establishments may also submit the accomplished questionnaires through fax. Delivery of questionnaires starts in July of the reference year and retrieval will commence after all questionnaires have been delivered or within 10 working days from delivery to an establishment or on a date agreed upon by the contact person and the enumerator. The basic data originate from the payroll records of establishments.
To assist the respondents in classifying their job titles that may have different nomenclatures than the PSOC, an occupational sheet is inserted in the questionnaire of an establishment whose industry belongs to the 50 pre-determined industries that will be monitored on occupational wage rates. This sheet contains a list of the occupations being monitored in each of the industry and their corresponding job descriptions in accordance with the PSOC.
The occupations may vary across establishments depending on their industry classification. Establishments that fall outside the 50 industries are not given occupational sheets. However, in the event that the industry of such establishment has been misclassified in the sampling frame and should have been provided an occupational sheet, the field staff is instructed to give the respondent the relevant occupational sheet. The two (2) occupations considered as benchmark (accounting and bookkeeping clerks; and unskilled laborers except janitors, messengers and freight handlers) and their corresponding job descriptions appear in the pertinent portion of the survey questionnaire. Wage rates of these occupations will be monitored in all industries covered by the survey.
Data processing
Data are manually and electronically processed. Upon collection of accomplished questionnaires, enumerators perform field editing before leaving the establishments to ensure completeness, consistency and reasonableness of entries in accordance with the field operations manual. The forms are again checked for data consistency and completeness by their field supervisors.
The LSRSD personnel undertake the final review, coding of information on classifications used, data entry and validation and scrutiny of aggregated results for coherence. Questionnaires with incomplete or inconsistent entries are returned to the establishments for verification, personally or through mail.
Data appraisal
The survey results are checked for consistency with the results of previous OWS data and the minimum wage rates corresponding to the reference period of the survey.
Average wage rates of unskilled workers by region is compared for proximity with the corresponding minimum wage rates during the survey reference period.
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labor Standards and Relations Statistics Division | Philippine Statistics Authority | www.psa.gov.ph | lsrsd.staff@psa.gov.ph |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | Individual data furnished by a respondent to statistical inquiries, surveys and censuses of the PSA shall be considered privileged communication and as such shall be inadmissible as evidence in any proceeding. The PSA may release aggregated information from statistical inquiries, surveys and censuses in the form of summaries or statistical tables in which no reference to an individual, corporation, association, partnership, institution or business enterprise shall appear. |
Access authority is granted to designated individuals in the concerned division of the PSA. The designated personnel cannot reproduce, distribute, sell or lend the entire data or parts thereof to any other data user.
The use of this dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online)
Example:
Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Occupational Wages Survey (OWS) 2014, Ref. PHL_2014_OWS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
The PSA bears no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretation or inferences made by the data users outside PSA.
(c) Philippine Statistics Authority
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chief Statistical Specialist, Labor Standards and Relations Statistics Division | Philippine Statistics Authority | lsrsd.staff@psa.gov.ph | www.psa.gov.ph |