Malaria Control Booster Program Impact Evaluation 2012-2013, Baseline Survey
Nigeria, 2012 - 2013
Get MicrodataIdentification
NGA_2012_MCBPIE-B_v01_M
Malaria Control Booster Program Impact Evaluation 2012-2013
Baseline Survey
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Nigeria | NGA |
Impact evaluation
Malaria is a major public health problem in Nigeria, and both a cause and a consequence of poverty. The World Bank has been supporting seven States of the Nigerian Federation, representing more than 25 percent of the country's population, in the fight against malaria through the Malaria Control Booster Project (MCBP).
Coverage of public health services is poor in Nigeria. As a response, the Federal Government is introducing two new interventions, focused on malaria, that use community resources and the private sector:
- Community-Directed Intervention (CDI) - Community volunteers will be trained on malaria prevention and home treatment;
- Drug distribution through private sector Patent Medicine Vendors (PMVs) - PMVs, small private distributors of drugs, will be trained for diagnostic procedure and the sale of subsidized ACT (the recommended first line drug) with the right dosage.
The impact evaluation studies the effectiveness of CDI and the PMV intervention, together and in isolation, in reducing malaria cases and improving diagnosis and treatment. The research also considers impacts on other important outcomes, e.g. education, child labor, nutrition, adult labor supply, income, consumption, and intra-household allocations. To analyze impact across varying contexts, the evaluation spans one northern and one southern state (Gombe and Anambra, respectively).
The IE uses a cluster-randomized controlled trial, with the ward (the smallest administrative unit in Nigeria) forming the unit of intervention/randomization. Wards in the two study states (280 in Anambra; 106 in Gombe) have been randomly assigned to one of four study arms. The baseline data, which is documented here, was conducted from November 2012 to January 2013. The follow-up survey will take place in May - June 2014.
Sample survey data [ssd]
- households,
- communities,
- community-directed distributors (CDDs),
- patent medicine vendors (PMVs).
Scope
Households: demographic characteristics, economic activities, mosquito nets, health status and utilization, farm and non-farm enterprises, food and non-food consumption
Health tests: height, weight, malaria test, anemia test
Communities: access to basic services, community characteristics, social capital, community empowerment, health, economic activities, external shocks, food and fuel prices
Community-Directed Distributors: training, services, economic activities, assets, working conditions, monitoring, supervision, record keeping, village/ward development committee, community support, CDD selection, retention, knowledge, quality of care, drug procurement, storage and availability
Primary Health Care Facilities: administration, management, human resources, laboratory, patient records (malaria), facility records and general HMIS, community outreach, user fees, universal precautions, national protocols, equipment, drug storage, anti-malarial drug availability
Patent Medicine Vendors: PMV business, training, services, PMV knowledge, quality of care, economic activities, working conditions.
Coverage
Eleven local government areas in Gombe State
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Pedro Carneiro | University College London |
| Costas Meghir | Yale University |
| Edit V. Velenyi | World Bank |
| Marcus Holmlund | World Bank |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| M Abul Kalam Azad | World Bank |
| Qiao Wang | World Bank |
| Name |
|---|
| World Bank |
Sampling
The sampling design for the impact evaluation is a cluster-randomized experimental design that gives equal chance to both the treatment and control groups for being selected. In order to accommodate the implementation context and generate a valid counterfactual, the initial randomization was done as follows:
- Primary healthcare facilities (PHFs), the CDI implementation unit, were randomized into treatment and control groups.
- Political wards, the PMV implementation unit, were randomized into treatment and control groups.
These yield four study arms, each comprising an average of 106 PHFs in 106 wards of Gombe State:
- Treatment 1: CDI intervention only
- Treatment 2: PMV intervention only
- Treatment 3: CDI and PMV interventions
- Control (existing public-sector regime only)
The impact evaluation study was carried out in all the four intervention arms for the CDI and PMV components and the sampling procedure consisted of two stages:
- The first sampling stage: the selection of the first clusters, the primary sampling unit (PSU) which are the catchment areas for the public primary health care facilities within the four treatment groups above are identified. Each of the PSU was divided into Standard Enumerators' Areas (SEAs).
- The second sampling stage: Following community sensitization, the survey team created a list and mapped of all households within the SEA. This list was used as the basis for the selection of households to be surveyed by the simple random sampling technique.
The sample size of household survey is 1,590 with 15 households within each health facility catchment area. The response rate is 100%. About 12 households (7.55%) declined biomedical tests. Community, primary health facility and health facility worker surveys were administered in all the 106 wards with 100% response rate. The response rate of the PMV survey is 83% (177 out of 212) because some selected communities did not have up to the number of PMVs envisaged. For the same reason, the response rate of the CDD survey is 98% (259 out of 265).
Survey instrument
The household survey comprises 13 sections, including: i) Roster; ii) Education, including school attendance; iii) Labor; iv) Housing; v) Assets and Household Enterprise; vi) Transfers, Other Income, and Subjective Wealth; vii) Consumption; viii) Malaria; ix) Health Status, Utilization, and Satisfaction; x) Mental Health; xi) Risk; xii) Willingness-to-Pay; xiii) Biomedical module, including tests for anemia and malaria parasitemia.
Community survey includes the following sections: i) Direct Observation; ii) Demography; iii) Basic Services; iv) Social Capital and Empowerment; v) Economic Activities; vi) External Shocks; vii) Prices.
Primary health facility survey was administered to all PHFs in both treatment and control areas. This includes the following sections: i) General Information; Facility Characteristics; ii) Administration and Management; iii) Human Resources; iv) Laboratory Facilities; v) Records; vi) Community Outreach; vii) Services; viii) User Fees; iv) Universal Precautions; x) Equipment; xi) Drug Storage and Availability; xii) Governance and Accountability / Organizational Determinants.
The PHF survey includes a health worker module, which comprises the following sections: i) General Information; ii) Training and Services; iii) Working Conditions; iv) Compensation and Assets; v) Monitoring and Supervision; vi) Community Support; vii) Satisfaction; viii) Knowledge and Quality of Care; ix) Organizational Determinants; x) Job Comparison. This module will be administered to a randomly selected clinical health worker in each facility.
The Community-directed disbuter survey includes the following sections: i) General Information; ii) Training and Services; iii) Economic Activities; iv) Working Conditions; v) Monitoring and Supervision; vi) Support; vii) Selection and Retention; viii) CDD Knowledge and Quality of Care; ix) Drug Procurement, Storage, and Availability; x) Job comparison. The CDD survey was administered to two randomly selected CDDs in each intervention PHF catchment area (as malaria control CDDs represent a new type of health worker introduced by the intervention, CDDs will not be present in control areas).
The Patent Medicine Vendor survey includes the following sections: i) General Information; ii) Training and Service; iii) Economic Activities; iv) Working Conditions; v) Monitoring and Supervision; vi) PMV Association and Community Support; vii) Satisfaction; viii) PMV Knowledge and Quality of Care; ix) Drug Procurement, Storage, and Availaiblity; x) Job Comparison. The PMV survey was administered to two randomly selected PMVs in both treatment and control wards.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2012-11 | 2013-01 |
| Start date | End date |
|---|---|
| 2012-11 | 2013-01 |
| Name |
|---|
| Hanovia Medical Limited |
Data Access
The use of the datasets must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online).
Example:
Pedro Carneiro, University College London; Costas Meghir, Yale University; Edit V. Velenyi, World Bank; Marcus Holmlund, World Bank. Nigeria Malaria Control Booster Program Impact Evaluation 2012-2013, Baseline Survey. Ref. NGA_2012_MCBPIE-B_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | |
|---|---|
| Qiao Wang | qwang3@worldbank.org |
Metadata production
DDI_NGA_2012_MCBPIE-B_v01_M
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Development Data Group | World Bank |
| Development Research Group | World Bank |
2014-02-10
Metadata version
v01