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Survey Data for WP9269: Demand for "Safe Spaces": Avoiding Harassment and Stigma 2015-2016

Brazil, 2015 - 2017
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Reference ID
BRA_2015-2016_DSS_v01_M
Producer(s)
Florence Kondylis, Arianna Legovini, Kate Vyborny, Astrid Zwager, Luiza Andrade
Metadata
DDI/XML JSON
Created on
Jan 19, 2021
Last modified
Jan 19, 2021
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  • Identification
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Data collection
  • Data Access
  • Contacts
  • Metadata production

    • Identification

    Survey ID number

    BRA_2015-2016_DSS_v01_M
    Title

    Survey Data for WP9269: Demand for "Safe Spaces": Avoiding Harassment and Stigma 2015-2016
    Country
    Name Country code
    Brazil BRA
    Abstract

    Sexual harassment on a woman’s commute is pervasive and widens the gender wage gap. To capture the economic costs of this violence, we randomize the price of a women-reserved "safe space" in Rio de Janeiro. We recruit 363 women riders to crowdsource information on their behavior and experience across 22,000 rides. Women riding in the public space experience harassment once a week. A fifth of riders are willing to forgo the equivalent of a 20% fare subsidy to ride in the "safe space". Randomly assigning riders to the "safe space" reduces the incidence of physical harassment by 50%, implying a cost of avoiding physical harassment of $1.45 per incident. While the reserved space is safer in relative terms, Implicit Association Tests reveal that commuters associate women riding in the public space with more openness to sexual advances. The welfare implications of creating women-reserved spaces are ambiguous.
    Kind of Data

    Sample survey data [ssd]

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage

    Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name Affiliation
    Florence Kondylis World Bank
    Arianna Legovini World Bank
    Kate Vyborny Duke University
    Astrid Zwager World Bank
    Luiza Andrade World Bank
    Producers
    Name Affiliation
    Development Impact Evaluation World Bank Group
    Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
    Name Affiliation Role
    Rafael Dantas World Bank Field Coordinator

    Sampling

    Sample frame

    Universe

    We recruited a sample of women most of whom ride the SuperVia on a regular basis regardless of the study. The total payment was roughly double the cost of a ticket on SuperVia. Thus the payment after covering the cost of the ticket and the time taken to ride would be worth relatively little to a participant who had no other purpose in riding. So participants were already familiar with the SuperVia system, its environment and the segregated space policy.

    Data collection

    Dates of Data Collection
    Start End Cycle
    2015/09/14 2016/07/04 First Wave of Rider Recruitment
    2016/08/02 2017/02/17 Second Wave of Rider Recruitment
    Data Collection Notes

    Data on metro rides was crowd-sourced through a custom-made app during rush hour (Monday-Friday, 6AM-9AM and 5PM-8PM). A total of 363 women commuters and 51 men commuters were recruited to participate in the study through online social media and networks, referrals, and flyers distributed at the train stations. The recruiting material invited respondents to download a smartphone application and respond to survey questions regarding their experience with the SuperVia (Rio suburban metro system). None of the recruitment material mentioned gender, harassment or the reserved space. Women riders reported their behavior and experience across 22,000 rides, and men riders collected data on crowding and enforcement of the gender reservation policy from the metro platform.

    A CAPI survey and IAT test were also administered with a random sample of metro riders who did not participate in the crowd-sourced data collection. Two woman enumerators administered the survey at the platforms and one man enumerator administered the IAT at the tent location. There were 5 sets of platforms covering the lines that departures from Central. The enumerators covered the lines in a randomized order. That order was randomized in Stata and shared with the platforms enumerators at the beginning of each day.

    Please refer to the Platform Survey and IAT Protocol and the Ethics document provided as supporting documentation for more information.

    Data Access

    Confidentiality
    Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required?
    yes
    Citation requirements

    Example:

    Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:

    • the Identification of the Primary Investigator
    • the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
    • the survey reference number
    • the source and date of download

    Example:
    Kondylis, F (World Bank), A. Legovini (World Bank), K.Vyborny (Duke University), A. Zwager (World Bank), L. Andrade (World Bank). Survey Data for WP9269: Demand for "Safe Spaces": Avoiding Harassment and Stigma 2015-2016 (DSS 2015-2016). Ref (BRA_2015-2016_DSS_v01_M). Downloaded from [url] on [date].

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Astrid Zwager DIME, World Bank azwager@worldbank.org
    Florence Kondylis DIME, World Bank fkondylis@worldbank.org
    Luiza Andrade DIME, World Bank lcardoso@worldbank.org

    Metadata production

    DDI Document ID

    DDI_BRA_2015-2016_DSS_v01_M_WB
    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    Development Data Group World Bank Documentation of the Study
    Date of Metadata Production

    2020-07-20

    Metadata version

    DDI Document version

    Version 01
    Version date

    2020-07-20
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