| Author(s) |
Ministry of Health, Division of National Malaria Programme, Nairobi, Kenya Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi, Kenya The DHS Program, Rockville, Maryland, USA |
| Date |
2021-09 |
| Country |
Kenya |
| Language |
English |
| Table of contents |
TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................................................................................ v
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................... ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................ xi
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................. xiii
READING AND UNDERSTANDING TABLES FROM THE 2020 KENYA MALARIA INDICATOR SURVEY (KMIS) ...... xv
MAP OF KENYA ..................................................................................................................................... xxii
1 INTRODUCTION AND SURVEY METHODOLOGY .............................................................. 1
1.1 History, Geography, and Economy ..................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 History ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 Geography and Climate ......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Basic Demographic Indicators ............................................................................................. 2
1.3 Health Priorities and Strategies for Malaria Prevention ...................................................... 2
1.3.1 Kenya Malaria Strategy 2019-2023 ....................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Epidemiology of Malaria in Kenya ........................................................................ 3
1.4 Survey Organisation and Methodology ............................................................................... 4
1.4.1 Survey Objectives .................................................................................................. 5
1.4.2 Survey Organisation............................................................................................... 5
1.4.3 Sample Design ....................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Questionnaires ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.6 Anaemia and Malaria Testing .............................................................................................. 8
1.7 The 2020 KMIS in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic .............................................. 9
1.8 2020 KMIS Training ........................................................................................................... 9
1.8.1 Training of Trainers ............................................................................................... 9
1.8.2 Pretest..................................................................................................................... 9
1.8.3 Main Training of Field Staff .................................................................................. 9
1.9 Fieldwork ........................................................................................................................... 10
1.10 Data Processing ................................................................................................................. 10
1.11 Ethical Considerations ....................................................................................................... 11
1.12 Challenges and Limitations ............................................................................................... 11
1.13 Response Rates .................................................................................................................. 11
2 CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND WOMEN .................................................... 13
2.1 Drinking Water Sources and Treatment ............................................................................ 13
2.2 Sanitation ........................................................................................................................... 14
2.3 Housing Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 15
2.3.1 Construction Materials ......................................................................................... 15
2.3.2 Rooms Used for Sleeping .................................................................................... 15
2.3.3 Electricity, Cooking Technology, and Cooking Fuel ........................................... 15
2.4 Household Wealth ............................................................................................................. 16
2.5 Household Population and Composition ........................................................................... 17
2.6 Background Characteristics of Survey Respondents ......................................................... 17
2.7 Educational Attainment of Women ................................................................................... 18
2.8 Literacy of Women ............................................................................................................ 18
2.9 Exposure to Mass Media ................................................................................................... 19
2.10 Mobile Phone Ownership and Internet Usage ................................................................... 19
2.11 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 20
3 MALARIA PREVENTION .......................................................................................................... 33
3.1 Ownership of Insecticide-treated Nets ............................................................................... 33
3.2 Household Access to and Use of ITNs .............................................................................. 36
3.3 Use of ITNs by Children ................................................................................................... 38
3.4 Use of ITNs by Pregnant Women ...................................................................................... 39
3.5 Reasons Mosquito Nets Were Not Used ........................................................................... 40
3.6 Use of Mosquito Repellent Spray or Other Methods ........................................................ 40
3.7 Malaria in Pregnancy ......................................................................................................... 41
3.7.1 Antenatal Care (ANC) ......................................................................................... 41
3.7.2 ANC Decision Making ........................................................................................ 42
3.7.3 IPTp ..................................................................................................................... 42
3.8 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 43
3.9 Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 44
4 MALARIA IN CHILDREN ......................................................................................................... 55
4.1 Children with Fever ........................................................................................................... 55
4.2 Care Seeking for Fever in Children ................................................................................... 56
4.3 Diagnostic Testing of Children with Fever ....................................................................... 56
4.4 Use of Recommended Antimalarials ................................................................................. 57
4.5 Prevalence of Anaemia in Children ................................................................................... 57
4.6 Prevalence of Malaria in Children ..................................................................................... 58
4.7 Malaria Species ................................................................................................................. 60
4.8 Malaria and Anaemia in Children ..................................................................................... 60
4.9 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 61
4.10 Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 61
5 MALARIA BELIEFS AND EXPOSURE TO MALARIA MESSAGES ................................. 73
5.1 Exposure to Malaria Messages .......................................................................................... 73
5.2 Knowledge of Ways to Avoid Malaria and of Recommended Treatment ......................... 75
5.3 Net Hanging and Repurposing .......................................................................................... 76
5.4 Perceived Susceptibility, Severity, and Self-efficacy ........................................................ 76
5.5 Attitudes toward Malaria-related Behaviours and Malaria Norms .................................... 77
5.6 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 78
5.7 Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 78
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................... 87
APPENDIX A Sample Design .................................................................................................................. 89
A.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 89
A.2 Sample Frame .................................................................................................................... 89
A.3 Sample Design and Implementation .................................................................................. 90
A.4 Sample Probabilities and Sampling Weights ..................................................................... 92
A.5 Survey Implementation...................................................................................................... 93
APPENDIX B Estimates of Sampling Errors ........................................................................................ 95
APPENDIX C Data Quality Tables ....................................................................................................... 105
APPENDIX D Supplementary Tables of Survey Results .................................................................... 109
APPENDIX E Persons Involved in the 2020 KMIS ............................................................................. 113
APPENDIX F Questionnaires ............................................................................................................... 117 |
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https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/MIS36/MIS36.pdf |
