Using nationally representative data from India I examine the labor market eects of world's biggest and arguably most aggressive form of employment based armative action policy for minorities. This paper exploits the institutional features of federally mandated employment quota policy to examine its eect on two distinct minority groups. My main nding is that employment quota signicantly increases the probability of acquiring a salaried job for Scheduled Castes and not the other Scheduled Tribes{two principal historically disadvantaged minority groups in India. The improved employment outcome for Scheduled Castes is also re ected in their higher household consumption expenditure, higher school enrollment, and decrease in incidence of male child labor. For Scheduled Tribes, I nd that the employment quota policy increased school enrollment among female child. My ndings suggests evidence of parents substituting between male and female children while making household decisions. Overall, the eects vary within each minority group by education, gender, and geographical location.