This paper aimed to identify determinants of work decision among older people living in rural Vietnam. We applied a probit regression model with the nationally representative data from Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS) in 2011. The results show that age, heath status, marital status, number of members aged under 15 and retirement and/or social allowance receipt had markedly impacts on rural older people’s decision to work. Surprisingly, neither educational level nor ethnicity of rural older people had any significant influence on their work decision. Based on these findings, we suggested some policy recommendations to facilitate older people’s work as well as secure their income.