| Table of contents |
Executive summary .........................................vi
Introduction ..............................................1
1 Methodology............................................. 7
2 Demography............................................. 16
3 Education...............................................23
4 Health................................................. 38
5 Nutrition and food expenditure......................... 46
6 Housing and associated facilities ......................54
7 Employment and migration ...............................65
8 Income, expenditure and assets .........................77
Appendixes
1 Priority Survey questionnaire
2 Membership of the User Group
3 Location of the sample Enumeration Areas
4 Definition of the household
5 Recommendations from the User Workshop
6 Priority Survey team
Bibliography
List of Tables
Table 1.1 Population Density Categories ...................................9
Table 1.2 Summary of Population by Division and population density category............................11
Table 1.3 Enumeration Area sample by Division .........................................................12
Table 2.1 Distribution of households across socioeconomic group........................................17
Table 2.2 Distribution of households and persons by socioeconomic group and Division...................18
Table 2.3 Distribution of the population by age, gender and socioeconomic group........................19
Table 2.4 Nationality and ethnicity of household heads by socioeconomic group..........................21
Table 2.5 Average household size by nationality and ethnicity of household head
and socioeconomic group......................................................................22
Table 3.1 Literacy and net school enrollment rates by level and type of schooling,
gender and socioeconomic group.[percentages].................................................24
Table 3.2 Education level of household head and spouse by socioeconomic group .........................25
Table 3.3 Age specific net primary enrollment rates by socioeconomic group, age and gender.............27
Table 3.4 Age specifîc net secondary enrollment rates by
socio-economic group, ageand gender ..................................29
Table 3.5 Age grade mismatches as a percentage of total enrollments by level of schooling,
gender and socioeconomic group...............................................................30
Table 3.6 Age/grade matrix [absolute numbers]..........................................................31
Table 3.7 E d u c a t i o n a l d r o p o u t r a t e s b y l e v e l o f s c h o o l i n g ,
g e n d e r a n d s o c i o e c o n o m i c g r o u p........................................31
Table 3.8 Percentage of children not currently attending school for various reasons,
by age and socioeconomic group ...................................... ....................32
Table 3.9 Percentage of children who have attended school and who are currently not
attending school for various r e a s o n s , b y a g e a n d
s o c i o e c o n o m i c g r o u p.........................................................33
Table 3.10 Time taken to reach the nearest primary school by Division..................................34
Table 3.11 Time taken to reach the nearest secondary school by Division................................34
Table 3.12 Reason why the nearest primary school was not used,by socioeconomic group
[percentage of those who did not use the primary school].....................................35
Table 3.13 Reason why the nearest secondary school was not used, by socioeconomic group
[percentage of those who did not use the primary school] ..................................35
Table 3.14 Mean annual household expenditure on education in dalasis per child currently
enrolled in forma1 education by socioeconomic group and Division ..........................36
Table 4.1 Proportion of persons reporting at least one health consultations
the past two weeks by socioeconomic g r o u p , a g e a n d g e n d e r. ...................39
Table 4.2 Distribution of health consultations in the past two weeks by type of health
care provider and socioeconomic group [percentages] ...........................40
Table 4.3 Mean per capita household expenditure in dalasis on h e a l t h f o r t h e
p r e v i o u s m o n t h b y s o c i o e c o n o m i c g r o u p a n d D i v i s i o n....41
Table 4.4 Average health expenditure per consultation by type
of health care provider and socioeconomic group [in d a l a s i s ..........................42
Table 4.5 T i m e t a k e n t o r e a c h t h e n e a r e s t h e a l t h f a c i l i t y b y
D i v i s i o n.............................................................................43
Table 4.6 Reason why the nearest health facility was not used b y D i v i s i o n.....................43
Table 5.1 Average monthly expenditure per capita in dalasis on
key foods by socioeconomic group............................................................47
Table 5.2 Average monthly expenditure per capita in dalasis on k e y f o o d s b y D i v i s i o n ..48
Table 5.3 Expenditure on other key foods per capita relative to expenditure on rice by
socioeconomic group ........................................................................48
Table 5.4 Expenditure per capita on other key foods relative to r i c e b y D i v i s i o n..........49
Table 5.5 P e r c e n t a g e o f c h i l d r e n [ a g e d 3 t o 5 9 m o n t h s ]
i n d i c a t i n g s i g n i f i c a n t l y l o w h e i g h t f o r a g e b y
socioeconomic group and Division .........................................................49
Table 5.6 P e r c e n t a g e o f c h i l d r e n [ a g e d 3 t o 5 9 m o n t h s ]
i n d i c a t i n g s i g n i f i c a n t l y l o w w e i g h t f o r a g e b y
socioeconomic group and Division ........................................................50
Table 5.7 P e r c e n t a g e o f c h i l d r e n [ a g e d 3 t o 5 9 m o n t h s ]
indicating significantly low weight for height by
socioeconomic group and Division ........................................................51
Table 6.1 Percentage distribution of housing construction types by socioeconomic group.............54
Table 6.2 P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f h o u s e h o l d s b y h o u s e
tenure and socioeconomic group ..........................................................56
Table 6.3 M a i n s o u r c e o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r n o w a n d t w e l v e
months ago by socioeconomic group [percentages] ................57
Table 6.4 Main source of lighting now and twelve months ago
by socioeconomic group [percentages]........................................59
Table 6.5 Main source of cooking fuel now and twelve months ago by socioeconomic group[percentages]..60
Table 6.6 Main type of cooking stove by socioeconomic group.....................................61
Table 6.7 Time taken to reach nearest food market by Division...................................62
Table 6.8 Time taken to reaeh the nearest bus/taxi by Division..................................62
Table 6.9 Reason why the nearest food market was not used by socioeconomic group................63
Table 6.10 Reason why the nearest bus/taxi was not used by socioeconomic group................63
Table 7.1 Percentage distribution of males [aged seven and over and not full time
students by main economic activity and socioeconomic group] .........................66
Table 7.2 Percentage distribution of females [aged seven and
over and not full time students by main economic activity and socioeconomic group].......67
Table 7.3 Unemployment rate by age, gender and socioecon o m i c g r o u p [ p e r c e n t a g e s ]..68
Table 7.4 Main occupation of the spouse in rural socioeconomic groups [percentages]..................69
Table 7.5 C u r r e n t m a i n o c c u p a t i o n o f t h e h e a d o f t h e
h o u s e h o l d a n d s p o u s e i n u r b a n s o c i o e c o n o m i c
groups [percentages]....................................................................70
Table 7.6 Incidence of occupational changes by the household
h e a d i n t h e p a s t t h r e e y e a r s b y c u r r e n t m a i n o c -
c u p a t i o n a n d s o c i o e c o n o m i c g r o u p [ p e r c e n t a g e s ].......71
Table 7.7 Incidence of secondary job holding by the household
head by current main occupation and socioeconomic group [percentages]......................72
Table 7.8 Incidence of secondary job holding by spouses by
current main occupation and socioeconomic group [ percentages].............................73
Table 7.9 Pattern of secondary job holding of heads of households by current main occupations........74
Table 7.10 Pattern of secondary job holding of spouses by cur-rent main occupations................. 75
Table 7.11 Proportion of households with at least one member away for at least three months
looking for work, by socioeconomic group ................................................75
Table 8.1 Mean percentage shares of cash income by source and socioeconomic group.................78
Table 8.2 Proportion of households experiencing changes in cash income, by income source and
socioeconomic group ....................................................................79
Table 8.3 Mean income-change score by socioeconomic group.........................................80
Table 8.4 Mean annual wage income in dalasis of household head and spouse
by socioeconomic group and sector [where there are at least five cases]......................80
Table 8.5 Proportion o f f a r m e r s e x p e r i e n c i n g c h a n g e s i n
production and area planted by crop ..........................................................81
Table 8.6 Reasons for change in area planted, by direction of change and crop...........................82
Table 8.7 Proportion of farming households using farm inputs, by type of inputs and main crop produced....82
Table 8.8 Number of non-farm enterprises by type of enterprise and socioeconomic group....................83
Table 8.9 Proportion of enterprises experiencing employment change, by sector..............................84
Table 8.10 Average monthly household per capita expenditure in dalasis on various
categories by socioeconomic group ................................................................85
Table 8.11 Asset ownership by socioeconomic group............................................................86
List of Figures
Figure 1.l Map of Greater Banjul........................................................................9
Figure 1.2 Gambia, showing location of field offices....................................................13
Figure 2.1 Households by location and socioeconomic group...............................................17
Figure 2.1 Distribution of persons by age and gender....................................................19
Figure 3.1 Literacy rates for persons aged 20 and over..................................................25
Figure 3.2 Education levels of heads of households......................................................26
Figure 3.3 Education levels of spouses of heads of households...........................................26
Figure 3.4 Forma1 and Islamic net primary school enrollment rates for females...........................28
Figure 3.5 Forma1 and Islamic net primary school enrollment rates for males.............................28
Figure 3.6 Forma1 and Islamic net secondary school enrollment rates for females.........................29
Figure 3.7 Forma1 and Islamic net secondary school enrollment rates for males...........................30
Figure 4.1 Types of health consultations in the past two weeks ........................................40
Figure 4.2 Mean per capita household expenditure on health by Division................................ 41
Figure 4.3 Average health expenditure per consultation by type of health care provider [in dalasis]....42
Figure 5.1 Average monthly expenditure per capita on key food items [in dalasis].......................47
Figure 6.1 Housing construction type .................................................................55
Figure 6.2 Household tenure..........................................................................56
Figure 6.3 M a i n s o u r c e o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r........................................58
Figure 6.4 M a i n s o u r c e o f l i g h t i n g f u e l...........................................58
Figure 6.5 M a i n s o u r c e o f c o o k i n g f u e l..............................................59
Figure 6.6 M a i n t y p e o f s t o v e
Figure 7.1 Percentage distribution of individuals by main economic activity...........................65
Figure 7.2 Unemployment rate by age and gender........................................................68
Figure 7.3 Pattern of secondary job holding of heads of households by current main occupations........74
Figure 7.4 Pattern of secondary job holding of spouses by current main occupations....................75
Figure 8.1 Mean percentage shares of cash income by source and region....................................78
Figure 8.2 Proportion of farming households using inputs, by type of input and main crop produced........83
Figure 8.3 Average monthly household per capita expenditure on various categories [in dalasis]
Social Dimensions of Adjustment Report on rhe 1992 Priority Survey.........................85 |
