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Demographic and Health Survey 1990-1991

Pakistan, 1990 - 1991
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PAK_1990_DHS_v01_M
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National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS)
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Dec 20, 2012
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The data from this study are used in the following publications:
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1 United Nations. "Levels and trends of contraceptive use as assessed in 2002." 2006.
2 World population monitoring 2003: Population, education and development. New York, USA: UN, 2004.
3 Abbas, Faisal. "Public health sector expenditures, health status and their role in development of Pakistan." PhD, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität , 2010.
4 Abeykoon, A. "Sex preference in South Asia: Sri Lanka an outlier." (1995) Asia Pacific Population Journal.
5 Afzal, Mohammad, S.M. Ali, and H.B. Siyal. "Consanguineous marriages in Pakistan." Pak Dev Rev 33, no. 4 Pt 2 (1994): 663-74.
6 Afzal, Mohammad, and F.K. Kiani. "Mean ages at parities: an indirect estimation." (1995) Pakistan Development Review.
7 Agha, Sohail. "Intentions to use contraceptives in Pakistan: implications for behavior change campaigns." BMC public health 10, no. 1 (2010): 450.
8 Agha, Sohail, Aslam Fareed, and Joseph Keating. "Clinical training alone is not sufficient for reducing barriers to IUD provision among private providers in Pakistan." Reproductive Health 8, no. 1 (2011): 40.
9 Ahmed, Tauseef. "Contraceptive methods choice in Pakistan: determined or predetermined." (1994) The Pakistan development review: a quarterly journal of the Institute od Development Economics.
10 Ahmed, Tauseef, and Syed Ali. "Alternate scenarios for population control in Pakistan: The issue of contraceptive method mix." The Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 4 (1992): 1281-1292.
11 Akram, D.S., Fehmina Arif, and Jabeen Fayyaz. "How frequent are consanguineous marriages?." Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (2008): 76-79.
12 Alam, Shaista, Mohsin H Ahmed, and M S Butt. "The dynamics of fertility, family planning and female education in Pakistan." Journal of Asian Economics 14, no. 3 (2003): 447-463.
13 Alderman, Harold, and Marita Garcia. "Food security and health security: Explaining the levels of nutritional status in Pakistan." Economic Development and Cultural Change 42, no. 3 (1994): 485-507.
14 ALI, S M. "Poverty and Child Mortality in Pakistan." (2001)
15 Ali, S M, H B Siyal, and M Sultan. "Women’s empowerment and reproductive choices." The Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4 (1995): 1137-1150.
16 Ali, Syed, and Jafar Hussain. "Fertility transition in Pakistan: Evidence from census." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 4; PART 2 (2001): 537-550.
17 Ali, Syed, and Mehboob Sultan. "Socio-cultural constraints and women's decision-making power regarding reproductive behaviour." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4 (1999): 689-698.
18 Ali, Syed M, Hussain Siyal, and Mehboob Sultan. "How similar are the determinants of mortality and fertility?." Pakistan Development Review 32, no. 4 Pt 2 (1993): 1107-1115.
19 Anderson G, Kermyt. "Life expectancy and the timing of life history events in developing countries." Human Nature 21, no. 2 (2010): 103-123.
20 Arif, G.M., Hina Nazli, and Rashida Haq. "Basic MIMAP poverty profile of Pakistan." Conference of MIMAP in Manila. Islamabad, Pakistan, 2000.
21 Au, Syed, and G. Mustafa Zahid. "Population planning in Pakistan: How to meet the challenge?." (1998) PCPS.
22 Aziz, A. "Proximate determinants of fertility in Pakistan." Pakistan development review 33, no. 4 Pt 2 (1994): 727.
23 Aziz, S., A.G. Billoo, and N.J. Samad. "Impact of socioeconomic conditions on perinatal mortality in Karachi." JOURNAL-PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 51, no. 10 (2001): 354-359.
24 Baird, Sarah, Jed Friedman, and Norbert R Schady. "Aggregate income shocks and infant mortality in the developing world." (2007) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.
25 Balk, Deborah, Adam Storeygard, Marc Levy, Joanne Gaskell, Manohar Sharma, and Rafael Flor. "Child hunger in the developing world: an analysis of environmental and social correlates." Food Policy 30, no. 5-6 (2005): 584-611.
26 Bankole, Akinrinola, and Susheela Singh. "Couples' fertility and contraceptive decision-making in developing countries: hearing the man's voice." International Family Planning Perspectives 24, no. 1 (1998).
27 Bankole, Akinrinola, Susheela Singh, and Taylor Haas. "Reasons why women have induced abortions: evidence from 27 countries." International Family Planning Perspectives 24, no. 3 (1998).
28 Bashir, A. "Quinacrine: non surgical female sterilization." Advances in contraceptive delivery systems: CDS 9, no. 1 (1993): 37.
29 Bashir, Saima, and Karen Benjamin Guzzo. "Pakistani Women’s Perceived Spousal Concordance on Desired Family Size and Birth Intendedness." (2016)
30 Basu, Deepankar. "Essays on dynamic nonlinear time series models and on gender inequality." The Ohio State University, 2008.
31 Basu, Deepankar, and Robert de Jong. "Son preference and gender inequality." South and South East Asia Econometric Society Meeting. Chennai, India, October 30, 2007.
32 Becker, Stan. "Couples and reproductive health: a review of couple studies." Studies in family planning 27, no. 6 (1996): 291-306.
33 Becker, Stan, and Santosh C Sutradhar. "Fertility intentions: are the undecided more like those who want more or want no more children?." Journal of biosocial science 39, no. 1 (2007): 137.
34 Berthelemy, Jean-Claude, and Juliette Seban. "Equity in Access to Health Services in Developing Countries." Revue d'economie du developpement 23, no. 5 (2009): 9-40.
35 Betràn, Ana P, Mario Merialdi, Jeremy A Lauer, Wang Bing-Shun, Jane Thomas, Paul Van Look, and Marsden Wagner. "Rates of caesarean section: analysis of global, regional and national estimates." Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 21, no. 2 (2007): 98-113.
36 Bhagowalia, Priya, Susan Chen, and William Masters. "The distribution of child nutritional status across countries and over time." 2008 Annual Meeting. Orlando, Florida, 2008.
37 Bhatti, Lubna Ishaq, Fariyal F Fikree, and Amanullah Khan. "The quest of infertile women in squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan: a qualitative study." Social science & medicine 49, no. 5 (1999): 637-649.
38 Bhatti H, Mansoor. "Correlates of choice of contraceptive methods in Pakistan." The Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4 (1995).
39 Bhatty, Nighat, A.H. Gilani, and Saeed Ahmad Nagra. "Effect of cooking and supplementation on nutritional value of gram (Cicer arietinum)." Nutrition research 20, no. 2 (2000): 297-307.
40 Bhushan, Indu. "Understanding unmet need." (1997) The John Hopkins School of Public Health Center for Communication Programs working papers.
41 Bhutta, Zulfiqar Ahmed, Adnan A Hyder, and Nabila Ali. "Defining a new challenge for health systems: perinatal health in Pakistan." (2007) Perinatal and Newborn Care in South Asia: Priorities and Action., Oxford University Press, Pakistan.
42 Bicego, George, Tauseef Ahmed, and Mansoor-ul-Hassan Bhatti. "Infant and child mortality." (1992) Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey.
43 Bignami--Van Assche, Simona. "Are we measuring what we want to measure? individual consistency in survey response in rural Malawi." (2003) Demographic Research.
44 Bittles, A.H. "A background summary of consanguineous marriage." (2001) Perth, Australia: Centre for Human Genetics, Edith Cowan University.
45 Bittles, A.H. "Endogamy, consanguinity and community disease profiles." Public Health Genomics 8, no. 1 (2005): 17-20.
46 Bittles, Alan H, Jonathan Grant, and Sajjad A Shami. "Consanguinity as a determinant of reproductive behaviour and mortality in Pakistan." International journal of epidemiology 22, no. 3 (1993): 463-467.
47 Blakely, Tony, Simon Hales, and Alistair Woodward. "Poverty: Assessing the distribution of health risks by socioeconomic position at national and local levels." WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series , no. 10 (2004).
48 Blanc, Ann K, and Tessa Wardlaw. "Monitoring low birth weight: an evaluation of international estimates and an updated estimation procedure." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 83, no. 3 (2005): 178-185d.
49 Block, Steven A, William A Masters, and Priya Bhagowalia. "Child undernutrition, household poverty and national income in developing countries: Quantile regression results." Agricultural & Applied Economics Association 2010: AAEA,CAES, & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting. Denver, Colorado, USA, July 25-27, 2010.
50 Bloom, David, Elizabeth Cafiero, Mark McGovern, Klaus Prettner, Anderson Stanciole, Jonathan Weiss, Samuel Bakkila, and Larry Rosenberg. "The economic impact of non-communicable disease in China and India: Estimates, projections, and comparisons." (2013) IZA DP No. 7563.
51 Bloom, David, David Canning, Isabel Guenther, and Sebastian Linnemayr. "Mortality Expectations and Fertility Decisions." (2008) Harvar School of Public Heath, 140 Mt. Auburn St., Cambridge, MA.
52 Bloom, David E, David Canning, Isabel Gunther, and Sebastian Linnemayr. "Social interactions and fertility in developing countries." (2008) Program on the Global Demography of Aging (PGDA) Working Series.
53 Boerma, J. Ties, and George Stroh. "Using survey data to assess neonatal tetanus mortality levels and trends in developing countries." Demography 30, no. 3 (1993): 459-475.
54 Boerma, J.T., K.I. Weinstein, S.O. Rutstein, and A.E. Sommerfelt. "Data on birth weight in developing countries: can surveys help?." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 74, no. 2 (1996): 209.
55 Bongaarts, John. "Can Family Planning Programs Reduce High Desired Family Size in Sub-Saharan Africa?." International Perspectives on on Sexual and Reproductive Health 37, no. 4 (2011): 209-216.
56 Bongaarts, John. "Household size and composition in the developing world in the 1990s." (2001) Population studies.
57 Bongaarts, John. "The fertility impact of changes in the timing of childbearing in the developing world." Population Studies 53, no. 3 (1999): 277-289.
58 Bongaarts, John, and Zachary Zimmer. "Living arrangements of older adults in the developing world: An analysis of DHS household surveys." (2001) Population Council Policy and Research Division.
59 Bos, Eduard, and Amie Batson. "Using immunization coverage rates for monitoring health sector performance." (2000) Measurement and interpretations issues. World Bank HNP Discussion Papers.
60 Bos, Eduard, and Amie Batson. "Using immunization coverage rates for monitoring health sector performance." (2000) Washington, DC: The World Bank.
61 Bos, Eduard, and Amie Batson. "Using immunization coverage rates for monitoring health sector performance: Measurement and interpretation issues." (2000) World Bank HNP Discussion Papers.
62 Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier, K Banerjee, and A Burton. "There are children not receiving a single dose of any vaccine: from ‘data to policy’in immunisation and health systems. Data quality and socio-economic determinants of unvaccination in low-and middle-income countries." AMC-University van Amsterdam, 2012.
63 Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier, K Banerjee, and A Burton. "Unvaccinated children in years of increasing coverage: how many and who are they? Evidence from 96 low-and middle-income countries." Tropical Medicine & International Health 17, no. 6 (2012): 697-710.
64 Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia, Rajiv Bahl, and José Martines. "Limited progress in increasing coverage of neonatal and child-health interventions in Africa and Asia." Journal of health, population, and nutrition 27, no. 6 (2009): 755-762.
65 Brahmbhatt, Heena, and Ronald H Gray. "Child mortality associated with reasons for non-breastfeeding and weaning: is breastfeeding best for HIV-positive mothers?." AIDS 17, no. 6 (2003): 879-885.
66 Brockerhoff, Martin, and Ellen Brennan. "The poverty of cities in developing regions." Population and Development Review 24, no. 1 (1998): 75-114.
67 Brown, Jennifer, Roeland Monasch, George Bicego, Anthony Burton, and J. Ties Boerma. "An assessment of the quality of national child immunization coverage estimates in population-based surveys." (2002) MEASURE Evaluation Project.
68 Bruce, Judith, and Erica Chong. The diverse universe of adolescents, and the girls and boys left behind: A note on research, program and policy priorities (Background paper to Public choices, private decisions: Sexual and reproductive health and the Millennium Development Goals). New York, USA: UN Millennium Project, 2006.
69 Buekens, P., A. Tsui, M. Kotelchuck, and J. Degraft-Johnson. "Tetanus immunization and prenatal care in developing countries." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 48, no. 1 (1995): 91-94.
70 Bulatao A, Rodolfo. Key indicators for family planning projects. Washington DC, USA: World Bank Publications, 1995.
71 Carr, Dara. "Improving the health of the world's poorest people." (2004) Health Bulletin.
72 Carton, Thomas W, and Sobhail Agha. "Changes in contraceptive use and method mix in Pakistan: 1990-91 to 2006-07." Health Policy and Planning 27, no. 2 (2012): 166-174.
73 Casterline, John, Zeba Sathar, and Minhaj Haque. "Obstacles to contraceptive use in Pakistan: A study in Punjab." Studies in Family Planning 32, no. 2 (2001): 95-110.
74 Cernada, George, A.K Rob, Sara I Ameen, and Muhammad S Ahmad. "A situation analysis of public family planning service delivery in Pakistan." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 14, no. 1 (1993): 21-52.
75 Cernada, George, and A.K. Ubaidur Rob. "Pakistan’s fertility and family planning: future directions." Journal of Family Welfare 38, no. 3 (1992): 49-56.
76 Chaudhury H, Rafiqul. "Unmet need for contraception in South Asia: levels, trends and determinants." Asia Pacific Population Journal 16, no. 3 (2001): 3-22.
77 Chinere-Dan, Orieji. "In search of explanations for fertility and reproductive behaviour in Africa." (1993)
78 Collumbien, Martine, Makeda Gerressu, and John Cleland. "Non-use and use of ineffective methods of contraception." (2004) Comparative Quantification of Health Risks.
79 Corsi, Daniel, Melissa Neuman, Jocelyn Finlay, and S V Subramanian. "Demographic and health surveys: a profile." International journal of epidemiology 41, no. 6 (2012): 1602-1613.
80 D'Souza M, Rennie. "Factors influencing the use of contraception in an urban slum in Karachi, Pakistan." (2003) Journal of World Health & Population.
81 Diallo B, Amadou. "Four essays on the links between poverty, inequality and heath with empircal application to developing countries: Africa compared to the rest of the world." Docteur ès Sciences Economiques, Université d’Auvergne, 2009.
82 Dixon-Mueller, Ruth. "How young is “too young”? Comparative perspectives on adolescent sexual, marital, and reproductive transitions." Studies in Family Planning 39, no. 4 (2008): 247-262.
83 Douglas, Robert M, and Rennie D'Souza. "Health transition research in the control of morbidity and mortality from Acute Respiratory Infection." (1996) Health Transition Review.
84 Drabo, Alassane, and Christian Ebeke. "Remittances, public health spending and foreign aid in the access to health care services in developing countries." (2011) Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches sur le Développement International (CERDI-CNRS).
85 Dudwick, Nora, Katy Hull, Roy Katayama, Forhad Shilpi, and Kenneth Simler. From farm to firm: Rural-urban transition in developing countries. Washington DC, USA: World Bank, 2011.
86 Eberstadt, Nicholas. "A global war against baby girls: Sex-selective abortion becomes a worldwide practice." (2011) Handbook of Gender Medicine .
87 Erreygers, Guido, Philip Clarke, and Tom Van Ourti. "“Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who in this land is fairest of all?”—Distributional sensitivity in the measurement of socioeconomic inequality of health." Journal of Health Economics 31, no. 1 (2012): 257-270.
88 Ezzati, Majid, Alan D Lopez, Anthonry Rodgers, and Christopher L Murray. Comparative quantification of health risks: Global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2004.
89 Farid-ul-Hasnain, Syed, Rafaay Sophie, and others. "Prevalence and risk factors for Stunting among children under 5 years: a community based study from Jhangara town, Dadu Sindh." JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 60, no. 1 (2010): 41.
90 Farooqi, Naseem Iqbal. "Interpersonal communication in family planning in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 33, no. 4 (1994): 677-684.
91 Farooqui, M, and K H Sheikh. "Demand side of Pakistan's population welfare programme." The Pakistan Development Review 32, no. 4 (1993): 1125-1137.
92 Feeney, Griffith, and Iqbal Alam. "Fertility, population growth, and accuracy of census enumeration in Pakistan: 1961-1998." Population 1970, no. 75 (2003): 6-3.
93 Fikree, Fariyal, Amanullah Khan, Muhammad Kadir, Fatima Sajan, and Mohammad H Rahbar. "What influences contraceptive use among young women in urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan?." (2001) International Family Planning Perspectives.
94 Filmer, Deon. "The structure of social disparities in education: gender and wealth." (1999) The World Bank Development Research Group/ Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network.
95 Filmer, Deon. "The Structure of Social Disparities in Enducation: Gender and Wealth." (2000)
96 Filmer, Deon, and Lant Pritchett. "The effect of household wealth on educational attainment: evidence from 35 countries." Population and Development Review 25, no. 1 (1999): 85-120.
97 Filmer, Deon, Jed Friedman, and Norbert Schady. "Development, modernization, and childbearing: the role of family sex composition." The World Bank Economic Review 23, no. 3 (2009): 371-3.
98 Filmer, Deon, Jed Friedman, and Norbert R Schady. "Development, modernization, and son preference in fertility decisions." (2008) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.
99 Filmer, Deon, Elizabeth M King, and Lant Pritchett. Gender disparity in South Asia: comparisons between and within countries. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank, Development Research Group, Poverty and Human Resources, 1998.
100 Filmer, Deon, and Lant Pritchett. Environmental degradation and the demand for children: searching for the vicious circle. 1996.
101 Filmer, Deon, and Lant Pritchett. "The Effect of Household Wealth on Educational Attainment: Demographic and Health Survey Evidence." (1998) Policy Research Working Paper.
102 Fink, Gunther, Isabel Gunther, and Kenneth Hill. Water, sanitation and child health - Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys 1986-2007. 2010.
103 Finlay, Jocelyn. "Fertility response to natural disasters: the case of three high mortality earthquakes." (2009) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series.
104 Finlay, Jocelyn E, Emre Ozaltin, and David Canning. "The association of maternal age with infant mortality, child anthropometric failure, diarrhoea and anaemia for first births: evidence from 55 low-and middle-income countries." BMJ Open 1, no. 2 (2011).
105 Foster, Geoff. "Safety nets for children affected by HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa." (2004) A generation at risk? HIV/AIDS, vulnerable children and security in Southern Africa.
106 Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Gary King. "Health Systems Performance Assessment: Debates, Methods And Empiricism." (2003) Measuring Total Health Inequality: Adding Individual Variations to Group Differences.
107 Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Gary King. "Measuring total health inequality: adding individual variation to group-level differences." International Journal for Equity in Health 1, no. 3 (2002).
108 Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Effy Vayena. "Use of modern contraception by the poor is falling behind." PLoS medicine 4, no. 2 (2007): e31.
109 Gakidou, Emmanuela, Shefali Oza, Cecilia V Fuertes, Amy Y Li, Diana K Lee, Angelica Sousa, Margaret C Hogan, Stephen V Hoorn, and Majid Ezzati. "Supplementary online content : Improving child survival through environmental and nutritional interventions: the importance of targeting interventions toward the poor.." The Journal of the American Medical Association 298, no. 16 (2007): 1876-1887.
110 Gordon, David, Michelle Irving, Shailen Nandy, and Peter Townsend. "Multidimensional measures of child poverty." (2005) Townsend Centre for International Poverty Research Draft Conference Paper.
111 Grant, J.C., and A.H Bittles. "The comparative role of consanguinity in infant and childhood mortality in Pakistan." Annals of human genetics 61, no. 2 (1997): 143-149.
112 Greenspan, A. "Effects of education on reproductive behavior: lessons from Pakistan.." Asia-Pacific population & policy , no. 23 (1992).
113 Grogan, Louise, and Asha Sadanand. "Electrification and the household." (2009)
114 Gubhaju B, Bhakta. "Adolescent reproductive health in Asia." Asia Pacific Population Journal 17, no. 4 (2002): 97-119.
115 Guend, Hani. "A cross country analysis of ideal family size, family planning, and women’s values and beliefs." (2005)
116 Gunther, Isabel, and Gunther Fink. "Water, sanitation and children's health: evidence from 172 DHS surveys." (2010) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.
117 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Shea Rustein, Kiersten Johnson, Rohini P Pande, and Adam Wagstaff. Socio-economic differences in health, nutrition and population in the Central African Republic. : HNP/Poverty Thematic Group of The World Bank, 2000.
118 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Shea Rustein, Kiersten Johnson, Rohini P Pande, and Adam Wagstaff. "Socio-economic differences in health, nutrition, and population in India." (2000) HNP/Poverty Thematic Group of The World Bank.
119 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Shea Rutstein, Kiersten Johnson, Eldaw Suliman, Adam Wagstaff, and Agbessi Amouzou. "Socio-economic differences in health, nutrition, and population within developing countries." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 10, no. 4 (2007).
120 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Adam Wagstaff, and Abdo Yazbeck. Reaching the poor with health, nutrition, and population services: what works, what doesn't, and why. : World Bank Publications, 2005.
121 Haberland, Nicole, Erica Chong, and Hilary Bracken. "Married adolescents: an overview." WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents. Geneva, December, 2003.
122 Haddad, Lawrence, Marie T Ruel, and James L Garrett. "Are urban poverty and undernutrition growing? Some newly assembled evidence." World development 27, no. 11 (1999): 1891-1904.
123 Hagen, Catherine, Fariyal Fikree, Afroze Sherali, and Fauzia Hoodbhoy. "Fertility and family planning trends in Karachi, Pakistan." (1999) International Family Planning Perspectives.
124 Hakim, Abdul. "Are status of women and contraceptive prevalence correlated in Pakistan?." Pakistan Development Review 39, no. 4; PART 2 (2000): 1057-1071.
125 Hakim, Abdul. "Population policy shifts and their implications for population stabilisation in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 4; PART 2 (2001): 551-576.
126 Hall, Sarah. "Neonatal mortality in developing countries: What can we learn from DHS data?." (2005) Southampton Statistical Sciences Research Institute Applications & Policy Working Paper.
127 Hanif M, Hafsa. "Trends in Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Practices in Pakistan, 1990-2007." International Breastfeeding Journal 6, no. 15 (2011): 1-7.
128 Harttgen, Kenneth, Stephan Klasen, and Sebastian Vollmer. "An African growth miracle? Or: what do asset indices tell us about trends in economic performance?." (2011) International Association for Research in Income and Wealth.
129 Hashmi, S.S., and T. Ahmed. "Shy/silent contraceptive users: further evidence." Pakistan population review 3, no. 1 (1992): 19.
130 Hashmi S, Sultan. "Shy/silent users of contraceptives in Pakistan." (1996) Pakistan Development Review.
131 Hasnain, S.F., and S.K. Hashmi. "Consanguinity among the risk factors for underweight in children under five: a study from rural Sindh." J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 21, no. 3 (2009).
132 Heaton, Tim B, Renata Forste, John P Hoffmann, and Dallan Flake. "Cross-national variation in family influences on child health." Social science & medicine 60, no. 1 (2005): 97-108.
133 Hennink, Monique, Rob Stephenson, and Steve Clements. Demand for family planning in urban Pakistan. 2001.
134 Hewett, Paul C, and Mark R Montgomery. "Poverty and public services in developing-country cities." (2001) Policy Research Division Working Paper.
135 Hilber, Adriane M, Xavier Bosch-Capblanch, Christian Schindler, Lise Beck, Florence Sécula, Oran McKenzie, Sara Gari, Christina Stuckli, and Sonja Merten. Gender and immunisation. Basel, Switzerland: Swiss Centre for International Health, 2010.
136 Hill, Kenneth, and Yoonjoung Choi. "Neonatal mortality in the developing world." Demographic Research 14, no. 18 (2006): 429-452.
137 Hopstock, Paul, Ann Sherpick, and Carla Briceno. Providers and consumers of commercial family planning services in developing countries. Arlington, USA: The PROFIT Project, 1997.
138 Houweling, Tanja A, Anton E Kunst, and Johan P Mackenbach. "Measuring health inequality among children in developing countries: does the choice of the indicator of economic status matter?." International Journal for Equity in Health 2, no. 1 (2003): 8.
139 Houweling, Tanja A, Carine Ronsmans, Oona M Campbell, and Anton E Kunst. "Huge poor-rich inequalities in maternity care: an international comparative study of maternity and child care in developing countries." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 85, no. 10 (2007): 745-754.
140 Hulton, Louise, and Jane Falkingham. "Male contraceptive knowledge and practice: what do we know?." Reproductive Health Matters 4, no. 7 (1996): 90-100.
141 Hussain, R. "Community perceptions of reasons for preference for consanguineous marriages in Pakistan." Journal of Biosocial Science 31, no. 4 (1999): 449-461.
142 Hussain, R. "The impact of consanguinity and inbreeding on perinatal mortality in Karachi, Pakistan." (1998) Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.
143 Hussain, R., and A.H. Bittles. "The prevalence and demographic characteristics of consanguineous marriages in Pakistan." Journal of biosocial science 30, no. 2 (1998): 261-275.
144 Hussain, R., F.F. Fikree, and H.W. Berendes. "The role of son preference in reproductive behaviour in Pakistan." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78, no. 3 (2000): 379-388.
145 Hussain, R.H., and A.H. Bittles. "Consanguineous marriage and differentials in age at marriage, contraceptive use and fertility in Pakistan." Journal of biosocial science 31, no. 1 (1999): 121-138.
146 Hussain, Rafat. "Lay perceptions of genetic risks attributable to inbreeding in Pakistan." American journal of human biology 14, no. 2 (2002): 264-274.
147 Hussain, Rafat, and Alan Bittles. "Assessment of association between consanguinity and fertility in Asian populations." Journal of health, population, and nutrition 22, no. 1 (2004): 1.
148 Hyder, A.A., S.A. Wali, A. Ghaffar, T.I. Masud, and K. Hill. "Measuring the burden of premature mortality in Pakistan: use of sentinel surveillance systems." Public health 119, no. 6 (2005): 459-465.
149 Ibrahim, Sabiha. "Anthropometric patterns and correlates of growth attainment in under-five Pakistani children." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 2 (1999): 131-152.
150 Iqbal, Avan B, and S. Akhund. "Role of family type in the idealization of a larger number of children by husbands in Pakistan." Journal of Biosocial Science 38, no. 2 (2006): 203.
151 Ishaq Bhatti, Lubna Ishaq, and Fariyal F Fikree. "Health-seeking behavior of Karachi women with reproductive tract infections." Social science & medicine 54, no. 1 (2002): 105-117.
152 Jalil, F. "Perinatal health in Pakistan: a review of the current situation." Acta Paediatrica 93, no. 10 (2004): 1273-1279.
153 Jamal, Tanvir. "Contraceptive practice - A five year review of family planning clinic, Hayat Shaheed teaching hospital." Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute (Peshawar-Pakistan) 8, no. 1 (2011).
154 Joekes, Susan, Nuzhat Ahmed, Aly Ercelawn, and Akbar Zaidi. "Poverty reduction without human development in Pakistan: Money doesn't buy you everything." Development Policy Review 18, no. 1 (2000): 37-62.
155 Jones, Gavin. "Changing marriage patterns in Asia." (2010) http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/docs/wps/wps10_131.pdf.
156 Kamal, Asifa, and Muhammad K Pervaiz. "Factors affecting the family size in Pakistan: Clog-log regression model analysis." (2011) Journal of Statistics.
157 Kantner, Andrew, and Shi Jen He. "Levels and trends in fertility and mortality in South Asia:. A review of recent evidence." (1996) East West center Working Paper Series.
158 Karim S, Mehtab. "Reproductive behavior in Muslim countries." (1997) DHS Working Papers.
159 Khadduri, R., D.R. Marsh, B. Rasmussen, A. Bari, R. Nazir, and G.L. Darmstadt. "Household knowledge and practices of newborn and maternal health in Haripur district, Pakistan." Journal of Perinatology 28, no. 3 (2007): 182-187.
160 Khan, Amanullah. "Reproductive decision making within Muslim families in squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan." (1996)
161 Khan, Ayesha, and Pamela Pine. Adolescent and reproductive health in Pakistan: Status, issues, policies, and programs. : USAID, 2003.
162 Khan, Hafiz, Aneela Sultana, and Awais Siraj. "Consanguinal marriages in Pakistan: A tradition or A cutural politics and possible management measures?." Canadian Social Science 7, no. 1 (2011): P119-123.
163 Khan, Murad Moosa, and Hashim Reza. "Gender differences in nonfatal suicidal behavior in Pakistan: Significance of sociocultural factors." Suicide and life-threatening behavior 28, no. 1 (1998): 62-68.
164 Khan, Zubeda. "Are breastfeeding patterns in Pakistan changing?." Pakistan development review 30, no. 3 (1991): 297-311.
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